Journal of Applied Geophysics最新文献

{"title":"Numerical analysis of multi-source and multi-component response characteristics in the semi-airborne transient electromagnetic method","authors":"Chuantao Yu ,&nbsp;Yating Guo ,&nbsp;Junjie Xue ,&nbsp;Ziqian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The semi-airborne transient electromagnetic method (TEM) detects geological structures with a single transmitter field source, which receives only the vertical component of the magnetic field and is unsuitable for detecting complex geological structures. This study proposes a three-dimensional vector finite element method in the time domain for analyzing and comparing the three-component response characteristics of multi-transmitter-source TEMs with different types, quantities, setting methods, surrounding rock resistivity conditions, and receiving offsets. Four major findings emerged from the study. First, the semi-airborne TEM detected underground low-resistivity anomalous bodies much more effectively than high-resistivity anomalous bodies. Second, after deploying multiple transmitter sources in the semi-airborne TEM, the intensity of the induced magnetic field increased and the distribution law of the secondary field electromagnetic response of an abnormal body better matched that of the original model. Third, the range of low-resistivity anomalous bodies can be effectively identified from the <em>z</em> and <em>x</em> components of the electromagnetic response. Directly above the anomaly, the <em>z</em> component shows a high electromagnetic response while the <em>x</em> component shows polarity reversal and a minimal response. Fourth, excessively large offset values deteriorate the data acquisition and signal processing interpretation. Controlling the offset of the working area to within 2–4 times the side length of the transmitting-source layout area is recommended in practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microseismic response characteristics and stress anomaly zoning in deep outburst-prone coal seams with multi-concealed structures: A case study","authors":"Rentao Gou ,&nbsp;Dazhao Song ,&nbsp;Xueqiu He ,&nbsp;Jianguo Zhang ,&nbsp;Minggong Guo ,&nbsp;Shengquan He ,&nbsp;Zhenlei Li ,&nbsp;Gang Yang ,&nbsp;Liming Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coal and gas outburst disasters represent a significant safety threat in deep coal mining operations, with high stress concentration in concealed geological structures further exacerbating disaster risks. This study focuses on the Ji₁₅–21,050 working face in Pingmei Group's No.8 Mine, employing high-precision microseismic monitoring systems and seismic wave computed tomography (CT) technology to systematically investigate the microseismic response characteristics and dynamic evolution mechanisms of stress anomaly zones in deep coal seams containing multiple concealed structures under high-stress conditions. By analyzing the spatiotemporal distribution of microseismic events during different mining stages, the response relationships within stress field anomalies were elucidated. The Energy Coefficient of Variation (ECV) and logarithmic Energy Index (lg(EI)) were introduced to quantitatively characterize the heterogeneous energy release characteristics during coal-rock fracturing. The results demonstrate that: 1) Faults and concealed structures significantly influence stress field distribution, with microseismic event clustering characteristics showing strong consistency with fault activation processes; 2) Abrupt changes in ECV and lg(EI) values during specific stages can effectively serve as precursors for coal-rock instability risks; 3) Seismic wave CT inversion technology enables visual delineation of stress anomaly zones, verifying the spatial correlation between high-velocity wave zones and gas-enriched regions. This research provides theoretical foundations and technical support for monitoring, early warning, and prevention of coal-rock dynamic disasters in deep coal mines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 105932"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing seismic moment tensor inversion via meta-heuristic optimization: A case study on mining-induced seismicity at fankou Lead-Zinc mine","authors":"Wei Wei ,&nbsp;Xiaojie Shen ,&nbsp;Jian Zhou ,&nbsp;Yangfeng Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Moment Tensor Inversion (MTI) plays a pivotal role in seismology, employed for discerning focal mechanisms and analyzing microseismic (MS) events. However, the efficacy of MTI is intricately tied to the accuracy of its input parameters. This paper introduces a systematic exploration of the application of meta-heuristic algorithms to enhance seismic MTI through meticulous parameter optimization. The primary objective of this study is to harness advanced optimization techniques, mitigating challenges associated with nonlinearity, trade-offs, and computational efficiency, thereby enhancing the precision and reliability of source parameter estimates. Against the backdrop of 17 MS data and 125 blasting data points from the Fankou Lead-Zinc Mine, three meta-heuristic algorithms—Moth-flame optimization algorithm (MFO), Multi-Verse Optimizer (MVO), and Dragonfly algorithm (DA)—were strategically employed to optimize MTI. The optimization process specifically targeted the adjustment of three critical input parameters: anomaly sensor, P-wave first arrival picking threshold, and velocity model, with the overarching goal of refining the quality of the focal mechanism solution. Customized parameters of the meta-heuristic algorithm were performed to ensure its adaptability to MTI problem-solving, followed by a comprehensive performance comparison of each algorithm. Subsequently, the optimization effects were scrutinized through fitness function values. The blasting and MS events were structurally interpreted. Outcomes of the study reveal that MFO outperforms other heuristic algorithms, achieving an impressive success rate (SR = 99 %) and reduced computation time (3.28 min) with a smaller number of population (NP = 40) and number of iterations (NG = 60). The median fitness values for MFO-MTI in the case of MS data and blasting data were 0.257 and 0.118, respectively, significantly surpassing non-optimized results (0.497 and 0.219). Through the analysis of focal mechanism, the average strike and dip of MS events are 17.41° and 71.11°, which are basically consistent with the fault strike (7–25°) and dip (75–85°) on the east side of the mining area. In summary, this research contributes a systematic approach to enhance seismic MTI, demonstrating the superior efficacy of MFO in optimizing focal mechanism, particularly in the context of mining-induced seismicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105929"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clutter suppression for ground penetrating radar echo signal based on layer division processing","authors":"Hao Wan,&nbsp;Shuai Yang,&nbsp;Jixiong Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the accuracy of underground target identification, clutter must be efficiently suppressed in ground-penetrating radar(GPR) echo signal. Classic methods such as Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) and Factor Group-Sparse Regularization (FGSR) have been widely applied in GPR signal processing. RPCA separates background and target signals based on low-rank and sparse decomposition. FGSR removes large-scale surface clutter using morphological operations. However, both methods face limitations under non-uniform subsurface conditions, where the background and target signals are highly complex and overlapping. Based on the characteristics of echo signal, a clutter suppression method is proposed, namely adaptive layer division processing combined with two-dimensional wavelet transform. A Peplinski's heterogeneous soil model containing underground targets is constructed in gprMax to evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method. By analyzing the statistical properties of kurtosis and skewness, adaptive layer division processing is applied to preliminarily separate the direct wave, background clutter, and target echo reflection signals. The two-dimensional wavelet transform is then applied to suppress clutter in the target signal layer, and the final image is reconstructed. Simulation results show that adaptive layer division processing enhances the clutter suppression performance of conventional denoising methods. The proposed method, integrating two-dimensional wavelet transform, demonstrates superior clutter suppression performance, where the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR) is improved to 15.45 dB, the image entropy is reduced to 2.51, the improvement factor (IF) achieves a positive value of 1.63 dB, and the peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) rises to 27.63 dB. The proposed method provides an effective approach for processing GPR echo signals under non-uniform subsurface conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105923"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic trace interpolation via score-based diffusion model with wavelet convolution","authors":"Jun Wang,&nbsp;XinRui Chen,&nbsp;BaoDi Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seismic trace interpolation is a pivotal procedure in seismic data processing. The existing deep-learning interpolation methods necessitate masks during the training process, and the type of mask utilized for training should align with the missing type of test data. Any discrepancy may result in a substantial drop in interpolation performance, or even complete interpolation failure. To overcome this limitation, we leverage the score-based diffusion model, namely the noise conditional score network (NCSN), for seismic trace interpolation. NCSN learns data distribution through score matching, allowing neural networks to capture data priors without being affected by mask forms, thus enabling the recovery of data lost in any form. However, vanilla convolutions in NCSN excel at extracting local features but struggle with capturing global representations. To address this issue, we design a wavelet convolution (WC) operator that can simultaneously capture and process information in both spatial and spectral domains. This WC operator can be seamlessly integrated into any part of NCSN, enabling NCSN to possess both local and global receptive fields. Consequently, the NCSN embedded with WC demonstrates strong representation capabilities for both the details and overall trends of seismic events. Synthetic and field experimental results demonstrate that our WC-NCSN excels in flexibly handling missing forms and achieving high interpolation accuracy, all with just a single maskless training. Nevertheless, the inference process of NCSN leads to relatively low computational efficiency for our method. Future research may focus on reducing computational complexity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105928"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the location of high-depth buried pipes using shallow seismic reflection techniques","authors":"Keisuke Kamiyama ,&nbsp;Tsukasa Mizutani ,&nbsp;Yasuyuki Hodotsuka","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the complexity of underground infrastructure increases, the demand for accurate non-destructive underground exploration grows. Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is commonly used for such explorations; however, its effectiveness is limited beyond depths of approximately 1 m due to significant electromagnetic wave attenuation. This study aims to surpass these depth limitations by employing seismic waves for precise location estimation of buried pipes. Real-scale experiments were conducted on sites with pipes buried at depths 1.5 m and 2.5 m, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed method. We introduced a signal and image processing algorithm, enhanced integrating ridge detection and template matching, for more accurate buried pipe location estimation. Results revealed that the locations of buried pipes could be estimated with an error margin of less than 0.2 m. Furthermore, our approach not only enables objective visualization of survey results but also suggests a reduction in the number of sensors required compared to traditional expert visual inspections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105917"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized semblance and multi-CMP traveltime parameter estimation using Singular Value Decomposition","authors":"Anderson S. Santos ,&nbsp;Bjorn Ursin ,&nbsp;Michelângelo G. Silva ,&nbsp;Milton J. Porsani","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work introduces a novel approach using a multiparametric equation specifically applied within the multi-CMP domain. Our method leverages SVD semblance, capturing the most coherent signal in the first eigenimage. This enables the determination of 2D stacking parameters for a set of CMP families, including velocity and dip of events between lateral CMPs, through analysis akin to conventional velocity analysis. Unlike traditional methods employed in CRS and CDS, such as global and local optimization strategies, our approach does not require an initial velocity model or additional parameters. CRS methods typically involve three parameters in 2D, while CDS methods may require more. In contrast, our method focuses on key parameters like velocity and dip, reducing complexity while maintaining accuracy. The use of the power method results in a reduced computational cost without sacrificing precision in stacking parameter estimation. The method was applied to both synthetic data with varying noise levels and real data from the Jequitinhonha and Camamu Basins, located along the Brazilian passive margin. The results were successful in enhancing the signal-to-noise ratio and improving the continuity of reflectors, demonstrating the robustness and practical utility of our approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 105915"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reflectivity sparsity-constrained joint migration inversion for VTI media","authors":"Yifei Chen,&nbsp;Deli Wang,&nbsp;Bin Hu,&nbsp;Shiqi Lv","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional joint migration inversion (JMI) algorithm for anisotropic media, rooted in one-way wave equation, simulate wave propagation in VTI media. VTI-JMI performs reflectivity migration and velocity models inversion by minimizing the mismatch between observed and modelled data. This paper integrates a reflectivity-constrained velocity estimation algorithm into the VTI-JMI framework to mitigate the impact of parameter trade-offs and noise accumulation in VTI-JMI. The proposed approach constructs a regularization constraint term by utilizing residual between iterative reflectivity and reflectivity approximated from the estimated velocity to refine velocity updates. Moreover, it incorporates the Non-subsampled Shearlet transform (NSST) to achieve multiscale sparse denoising of reflectivity image, for enhancing constraint quality. The constraint does not require large extra computational costs and accurate initial models. Compared to traditional VTI-JMI, the proposed method significantly reduces noise in reflectivity image, while achieving higher precision in velocity models with sharper reflectors. Numerical experiments demonstrate the validity of our proposed algorithm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 105927"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropic effect of surrounding rocks using the resistivity method in tunnel prediction","authors":"Daiming Hu ,&nbsp;Bülent Tezkan ,&nbsp;Jianhua Cai ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In predicting water-bearing disaster structures in tunnels, complex geological conditions can pose significant risks to underground construction. To enhance data interpretation accuracy, this study presents a tunnel prediction method that accounts for the anisotropic effect of surrounding rocks using an unstructured finite element resistivity approach. A classic whole-space model has validated the effectiveness of the algorithm. We conducted simulations of a fault structure under the anisotropic surrounding rocks. The results indicated that increasing the anisotropy coefficient and Euler angle resulted in a greater offset distance of the minimum apparent resistivity. Compared with the isotropic model, the predicted distance of the anisotropic model was found to be greater. To address the adverse effects of tunnel and rock anisotropy, a ratio-based method was proposed in data processing, which has been proven to be effective. Next, we simulated a large number of models using the Monte Carlo method and found that anisotropic Euler angles caused significant deviations. Furthermore, our findings revealed that the prediction results were more reliable than those in previous literature. Finally, we applied this method to a real-world case of tunnel prediction, and the predicted results closely matched the true distance. This study will provide important insights for the practical application of tunnel prediction in complex geological environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 105924"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144931945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing a multi-scale adaptive generalized morphological filtering algorithm for denoising ocean wave-induced interference in marine electromagnetic data","authors":"Jianxin Pei ,&nbsp;Yanyan Lu ,&nbsp;Zhijun Du ,&nbsp;Ming Luo ,&nbsp;Gongyi Sun ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jappgeo.2025.105922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As one of the marine electromagnetic detection method, marine magnetotellurics(MT) is an important geophysical exploration method for detecting underground electrical structures. However, since the nature magnetotelluric field is used as the field source, MT data is easily contaminated by various noise, especially the magnetic field generated by the motion of seawater waves, which leads to alterations in both apparent resistivity and phase characteristics within the frequency range impacted by the interference. Building on the principle of mathematical morphology, we propose an innovative approach that integrates multi-scale morphological filtering with adaptive generalized morphological filtering, and applied it to the marine electromagnetic field for the first time. Multi-scale morphological filtering considers the variation characteristics of noise at different time scales, and adaptive morphological filtering considers the non-stationary characteristics of wave-induced interference and ground electromagnetic signals. In addition, the size of structural elements is selected by introducing the evaluation index of mutual relation number, which realize the adaptive selection of structural elements. This approach can effectively suppress the wave-induced magnetic noise in marine MT signals. The results derived from applications of the method to both simulated datasets with varying levels of ocean wave-induced disturbances and field datasets demonstrate its ability to effectively mitigate magnetic noise stemming from wave-induced effects. As a result, the observed apparent resistivity and phase trends display a high degree of coherence and continuity. This provides new insights into noise suppression in the marine electromagnetic field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54882,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Geophysics","volume":"243 ","pages":"Article 105922"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}