Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme最新文献

{"title":"Theoretical Considerations for Patient-Specific Modeling Based on Observable State Variables.","authors":"Gerard A Ateshian, Sarah Deiters, Jeffrey A Weiss","doi":"10.1115/1.4069924","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4069924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we address fundamental theoretical considerations that should guide biomedical engineers in the assessment of patient-specific risk of tissue failure, or the assessment of other material properties needed for patient-specific computational modeling, based on noninvasive imaging modalities. Upon reviewing theoretical concepts of mechanics, the primary conclusion is that patient-specific material properties, such as measures of tissue failure, cannot be observed directly, because material properties are dependent on nonobservable functions of state. However, since functions of state may be formulated to depend on observable state variables, and since noninvasive imaging may be used to assess such variables, it behooves investigators to find strong correlations in vitro between the material property of interest and relevant observable state variables, such as measures of tissue morphology, transport characteristics, and composition. Once such univariate or multivariate correlations have been established experimentally in vitro, the next challenge is to relate imaging-based observable measures, acquired noninvasively (e.g., in vivo), to relevant material properties such as failure criteria. The uncertainty associated with these observation-derived material properties is, at best, equal to the uncertainty of the in vitro correlation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12755162/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of Radio Frequency Ablation and Electrosurgery: Capturing Tissue Carbonization and Stalling Phenomena.","authors":"Junren Ran, Enrico Benedetti, Joseph Bentsman, Richard Berlin, Pier C Giulianotti, Martin Ostoja-Starzewski","doi":"10.1115/1.4071134","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Radio frequency ablation (RFA) and electrosurgery are widely used in clinical practice. This study presents a comprehensive modeling framework for radio frequency (RF) thermal therapies, incorporating both heat transfer and thermally induced state transitions across three tissue states: native, denatured, and carbonized. A key contribution of this work is the ability to capture the stalling phenomenon, where excessive charring (carbonization of the tissue surface) reduces tissue conductivity, preventing the electrosurgical (ES) generator from maintaining sufficient current. We classified electrosurgical operations into four zones and demonstrated that under optimal conditions (zone 2), heat transfer can be neglected, enabling real-time computation suitable for adaptive control in robotic surgery. For nonideal scenarios, we introduced a two-stage chemical kinetics model that accounts for conductivity loss due to carbonization. Validation against experiments on porcine muscle confirmed the model's ability to reproduce observed behavior, supporting its potential for improving surgical planning and minimizing unintended tissue damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13313123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Personalized Muscle Strength Improves Accuracy of Military Load Carriage Simulations.","authors":"Anna C Corman, Jordan T Sturdy, Hedaya N Rizeq, Carlie J Daquino, Tyler T Whittier, Amy Silder, Pinata H Sessoms, Anne K Silverman","doi":"10.1115/1.4071130","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Military overuse injuries are often associated with load carriage, and poor physical fitness is a risk factor. However, muscle strength is modifiable, which is important for injury prevention. Active-duty military populations are generally stronger than the civilian population; therefore, musculoskeletal models with military-specific muscle strengths are needed, especially if they are used for injury prediction. The purpose was to evaluate the effect of muscle strength personalization on muscle excitation prediction accuracy from movement simulations of musculoskeletal models. Maximum voluntary isometric contractions (MVICs) of lumbar, hip, knee, and ankle muscles were measured with an instrumented dynamometer for 16 active-duty participants. These measurements were used to personalize muscle maximum isometric force from a generic musculoskeletal model to create strength-scaled models. Participants walked under two conditions: (1) no-pack (body armor and helmet) and (2) pack with 46 kg total load (body armor, helmet, and posteriorly loaded backpack). Full-body kinematics, ground reaction forces (GRFs), and right-side electromyography (EMG) of 11 lower-limb and torso muscles were collected. Muscle-driven simulations were produced using both generic and strength-scaled models for each condition. Simulation accuracy was determined by comparing measured electromyography signals to simulated muscle excitations using a root-mean-square difference (RMSD). Personalized muscle strength scaling improved overall muscle excitation predictions in walking simulations of military service members carrying heavy backpacks by 19% (p < .001). Improved model accuracy enables better predictions of internal joint mechanics, which are important for understanding injury risk and evaluating injury prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Multiscale FE2M Simulations and Experiments to Predict Microcrack Damage in Cartilage.","authors":"Kosar Safari, Ashkan Almasi, Phoebe Szarek, David M Pierce","doi":"10.1115/1.4071135","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Articular cartilage, despite its resilience, is vulnerable to low-energy impacts that initiate microcracks within its collagen network, potentially leading to osteoarthritis (OA). This study integrates experimental evidence and a multiscale computational framework to predict the initiation and propagation of such microdamage. Building on prior experimental characterizations of type II collagen fibril orientation, stress-stretch behavior, and failure properties, we employed the finite elements of multiscale mixtures (FE2M) framework within febio (University of Utah) to couple macroscale cartilage deformation with microscale fibril mechanics. We generated statistically equivalent representative volume elements (SERVEs) to replicate the anisotropic collagen architecture of the superficial zone (SZ). The combined approach enabled simulations of impact and cyclic compression that replicate in vitro loading conditions. Validation against data from second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy demonstrated strong agreement between experimentally measured microcrack fractions and FE2M-predicted fiber failure fractions. Sensitivity analyses confirmed that model responses were robust to moderate variations in fibril stiffness parameters (c1, c3). High-impact simulations revealed broader stress distributions and greater fibril-level heterogeneity, underscoring the role of stress, rather than stretch, as a more reliable predictor of failure. Although computational and biological variability introduced uncertainty at relatively high loading conditions, the FE2M framework accurately captured multiscale mechanical behavior and microdamage trends. This validated multiscale approach provides a predictive and mechanistically grounded tool for investigating cartilage degeneration, offering potential applications in assessing injury risk, optimizing surgical interventions, and informing preventative strategies for OA progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Coronary Plaque Morphology on Local Mechanical States and Associated In-Stent Restenosis.","authors":"Janina C Datz, Ivo Steinbrecher, Johannes Krefting, Leif-Christopher Engel, Alexander Popp, Martin R Pfaller, Heribert Schunkert, Wolfgang A Wall","doi":"10.1115/1.4071133","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In-stent restenosis (ISR) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a multifactorial process. Specific morphological lesion characteristics were observed to contribute to the occurrence of ISR. Local mechanical factors, such as stresses and strains, are known to influence tissue adaptation after stent implantation. However, the influence of morphological features on those local mechanical states and, hence, on the occurrence of ISR remains understudied. This work explores how local mechanical quantities relate to ISR by evaluating the stress distributions in the artery wall during and after stent implantation for morphology-informed lesion examples. We perform computational simulations of the stenting procedure with physics-based patient-specific coronary artery models. Different morphologies are assessed using the spatial plaque composition information from high-resolution coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) data. In the sample cases, elevated local tensile stresses were consistently found at sites corresponding to ISR. We found that specific morphological characteristics like circumferential or asymmetric block calcifications result in higher stresses in the surrounding tissue. These findings show that for the observed connection between plaque morphology and ISR, the local mechanical state may represent a relevant link. This study provides a mechanistic, illustrative insight for the examined cases. Future work with larger cohorts and systematic follow-up can establish statistically robust associations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intrinsic Viscoelasticity of Type II Collagen Contributes to the Viscoelastic Response of Immature Bovine Articular Cartilage Under Unconfined Compression Stress Relaxation.","authors":"Kimberly R Kroupa, Raphael Kepecs, Haoyu Zhang, Jeffrey A Weiss, Clark T Hung, Gerard A Ateshian","doi":"10.1115/1.4070964","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4070964","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cartilage damage under loading is significantly affected by viscoelasticity. This study validates a finite deformation, nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model for the collagen matrix of immature bovine articular cartilage, using reactive viscoelasticity. To examine the flow-independent viscoelasticity of cartilage collagen, tissue samples underwent proteoglycan (PG) digestion, losing more than 98% of their initial PG content to increase their hydraulic permeability. To verify that this PG-digestion eliminated flow-dependent viscoelasticity, PG-depleted samples were subjected to a gravitational permeation experiment, demonstrating that their hydraulic permeability, k=268 ± 152 mm4/N⋅s (n = 8), was five orders of magnitude greater than reported for untreated cartilage, confirming negligible flow-dependent viscoelasticity. Digested cartilage plugs were then subjected to unconfined compression stress relaxation (four consecutive ramp-hold profiles, each increasing the compressive strain by 10%) to fit the load response and extract material properties (RMSEfit=1.86 ± 0.61 kPa, n = 8). Successful curve-fitting served as a necessary condition for validating the model. Then, a separate unconfined compression stress-relaxation test was performed on the same samples, to 40% compressive strain at the same ramp rate. The model was able to faithfully predict this experimental response using fitted material properties (RMSEpred=3.95 ± 1.33 kPa, with 0≤ stresses ≤ 155 ± 37 kPa), providing a sufficient condition for validation in unconfined compression stress-relaxation. A computational model then showed that flow-independent viscoelasticity of cartilage collagen can enhance the stress response by ∼15% at fast strain rates, over flow-dependent effects. However, we estimate from prior studies that flow-independent viscoelasticity may enhance the stress response of cartilage by up to 200%, implying that PGs probably contribute significantly to the tissue's flow-independent viscoelasticity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13232614/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146069120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanical Evaluation for Dry Electrode Tip Geometry in Scalp Electroencephalography Measurements.","authors":"Shunya Araki, Shintaro Nakatani, Nozomu Araki","doi":"10.1115/1.4070881","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4070881","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In electroencephalography (EEG) with dry electrodes, a tradeoff between signal stability and user comfort is a critical barrier to long-term, wearable applications. While various approaches exist, the mechanical impact of electrode tip geometry has not been adequately quantified. Moreover, while existing evaluations utilize subjective feedback, which is an indispensable metric for assessing user comfort, quantitative, mechanics-based analyses that complement these findings have not yet been commonly established. The current study aimed to evaluate the mechanical influence of different electrode tip geometries under both vertical and tilted contact conditions. Finite element analysis was conducted using strain energy density (SED), a mechanical index known to correlate with neural impulse activity, as a quantitative indicator of the mechanical influence of tip geometry on the skin. Six types of electrode tip geometries, ranging from flat to hemispherical, were defined based on the ratio of fillet radius to prong radius. These geometries were analyzed under inclination angles from 0 deg to 5 deg, and their peak SED values were compared. Building on these initial trends, an iterative search algorithm was employed to identify the geometry ratio that tends to minimize peak SED across extended inclination angles up to 15 deg, evaluated as a design boundary. The findings indicate that intermediate fillet geometries tend to reduce peak SED under inclined conditions. While hemispherical tips appear favorable at inclination angles beyond 15 deg, intermediate geometries may offer improved load distribution within the inclination range of 0 deg to 10 deg evaluated in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145967814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Investigation into Thrombosis Resistance of Charged Stent Designs.","authors":"Zhenmin Fan, Han Wu, Jian Wang, Xiaoyan Deng, Le Bao, Xia Ye, ChaoJun Yan","doi":"10.1115/1.4071131","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In-stent thrombosis remains a major challenge in cardiovascular interventions, leading to serious complications and reduced device efficacy. In this study, we propose a novel vascular stent design featuring a negatively charged coating to mitigate postimplantation thrombosis. Using dissipative particle dynamics simulations, we examined the influence of surface charge magnitude, stent geometry, and interstrut spacing on platelet adhesion and activation. Compared to uncoated stents, charged stents were associated lower thrombus formation in both upstream and downstream regions, with higher charge magnitudes showing progressively stronger inhibitory effects. Further analyses revealed that stent strut shape significantly impacts local hemodynamics, as circular and square geometries coated with a charge exhibited reduced platelet aggregation, particularly in regions prone to flow disturbed. Variations in stent spacing also confirmed that negatively charged coatings effectively counteract thrombus formation under multiple deployment configurations. Collectively, these results provide a robust framework for designing next-generation stents with enhanced antithrombotic efficacy to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mesoscopic Insights Into Low-Density Lipoprotein Transport: A Dissipative Particle Dynamics Study.","authors":"Zhenmin Fan, Jian Wang, Xuan Zhang, Xiaoyan Deng, Chaojun Yan","doi":"10.1115/1.4071212","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4071212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study employs dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to investigate low-density lipoprotein (LDL) transport across the endothelium under varying conditions of endothelial leakiness size, LDL concentration, and blood pressure. The endothelial gap size was found to strongly influence LDL transport efficiency: a 32.24 nm gap permitted approximately 1.2 times more LDL particles to cross than a 28.69 nm endothelial leakiness. Moreover, higher LDL concentrations significantly promoted transendothelial movement, with tenfold elevations in LDL levels increasing transport by about 1.6 times compared to baseline. Finally, elevated blood pressure more than doubled the number of LDL particles crossing the endothelium relative to normal pressure. These findings underscore the critical roles of endothelial integrity, lipid homeostasis, and blood pressure in the progression of atherosclerosis. Larger gaps, excessive LDL levels, and hypertension all contribute to heightened LDL infiltration, potentially accelerating plaque development. By elucidating these mechanisms at the mesoscopic scale, this research provides valuable insights into the interplay between endothelial permeability and cardiovascular risk factors. The results highlight the importance of strategies aimed at maintaining healthy lipid levels, preserving endothelial function, and controlling blood pressure to mitigate atherosclerosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Journal of Biomechanical Engineering Remains Committed to Supporting Scholarship Through the Promotion of Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion.","authors":"Darryl Dickerson, Spencer E Szczesny","doi":"10.1115/1.4070720","DOIUrl":"10.1115/1.4070720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In light of the recent reprioritization of federal funding, the Journal of Biomechanical Engineering (JBME) reaffirms its commitment to reporting scientific excellence, advancements in knowledge, and technical innovations that benefit healthcare for everyone. Furthermore, we recognize that this commitment to excellent and rigorous science and engineering is supported by promoting diversity, equity, and inclusion, which ensures that advances in biomedical engineering address the distinct health needs of the broadest possible population. In this editorial, we highlight the recent actions that the journal has taken to support diversity and inclusion, including the appointment of Diversity Advocate positions, implementation of a double-blind review process, and publication of special issues on inclusive science and engineering. Finally, we present research and publication recommendations to the broader biomechanical engineering community that collectively embody the core principles of our field and that will lead to more equity and impact in biomechanical engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":54871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biomechanical Engineering-Transactions of the Asme","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145795584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}