Journal of Fluids and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Study on the high-speed shallow-angle water entry of cylinders with varying densities","authors":"Xuepu Yan ,&nbsp;Shuai Sun ,&nbsp;Mo Zhu ,&nbsp;Tengfei Xu ,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu ,&nbsp;Zeqing Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An investigation into the transient fluid-structure interactions during the high-speed (600 m/s) shallow-angle (8°) water entry of cylindrical projectiles with varying densities (2.7-16.1 g/cm³) is presented. The fundamental mechanisms governing cavity dynamics and projectile stability are revealed using three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, which are validated by synchronized high-speed imaging. The key findings demonstrate that asymmetric wetting of the cylinder’s head during the early stage of water entry induces a critical head-down moment that governs subsequent hydrodynamic behavior. Three distinct fluid dynamic mechanisms are identified: 1) Delayed upper cavity formation accompanied by asymmetric cavity expansion; 2) Splash convergence producing distinct upward and downward jets, with the latter inducing localized cavity collapse upon impacting the wall; and 3) Pressure redistribution at the head end caused by variations in angle of attack, which generates restoring moments through asymmetric flow patterns. Density-dependent kinematic analysis reveals that within the same range of horizontal displacement, low-density cylinders (<em>ρ</em>≤4.1 g/cm³) undergo multiple tail slaps, whereas high-density cylinders (<em>ρ</em>≥7.2 g/cm³) achieve rotational stabilization through head-end restoring moments prior to tail slap initiation. Quantitative analysis shows that increasing the density from 2.7 to 16.1 g/cm³ reduces the maximum angular deflection by 89.43 % and the accumulated trajectory curvature by 42.83 %. These findings establish material density as the primary control parameter for ricochet prevention during shallow-angle water entry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104429"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stably biased gap flow between two flapping and stationary short cantilevers in close proximity","authors":"Yongpu Wang ,&nbsp;Yanyan Liu ,&nbsp;Michael David Atkins ,&nbsp;Tian Jian Lu ,&nbsp;Tongbeum Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contrary to previously known physics about fluid motion around two side-by-side circular cylinders, this study has demonstrated stably biased gap flow when excited by a flapping and stationary cantilever pair - the gap flow is only deflected towards the flapping cantilever (without switching). Mechanisms for this behavior were presented in this study. To this end, flow visualization and spectral analysis of time-resolved data from hot-wire anemometers and the piezoelectric mount of a flapping cantilever were carried out. Furthermore, particle image velocimetry was conducted to map instantaneous and time-averaged velocity and vorticity fields. During measurements, a center-to-center spacing normalized by cantilever diameter (T/D, pitch ratio) was systematically varied in the Reynolds number range of 1800 ≤ Re_D ≤ 13,000. We demonstrated that the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability of shear layers separated from the flappable cantilever was intensified due to flapping, consequently inciting the earlier onset of Kármán vortices (evolved from K-H vortices) than those behind the stationary cantilever. Thereafter, an earlier velocity recovery developed, generating a transverse pressure gradient towards the flapping cantilever and subsequent upstream penetration (i.e., potential effect). The gap flow then became stably pushed towards the flapping cantilever.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104432"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifting aeroacoustic source mechanisms of a transversely oscillating cylinder in lock-in region at various Mach numbers","authors":"Fangcheng Shi ,&nbsp;Hongpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Dongrun Liu ,&nbsp;Tiantian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Direct numerical simulation of the aerodynamic noise generated by a flow past a transversely oscillating cylinder is conducted to investigate the effect of Mach number on the aeroacoustic characteristics. The results indicate that the coupling between the oscillating motion and vortex shedding in the lock-in region leads to a distribution of the surface pressure pulsation time derivative with four distinct peaks. The intensity of the radiated noise from the oscillating cylinder in the lock-in region is reduced compared to the stationary case. Although the oscillating frequency associated with this noise reduction is insensitive to Mach number, the reduction effect weakens at high Mach numbers. Furthermore, as the Mach number increases, the sound directivity at the lock-in boundary transitions from a figure-eight configuration to a butterfly-like configuration, featuring distinct lobes both upstream and downstream. To illustrate the changes in noise, the key finding is the modified scaling law governing noise intensity in relation to Mach number for the oscillating cylinder: it shifts from <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> to <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, characteristic of quadrupole sources. This alteration is further analyzed by applying the Ffowcs Williams-Hawkings equation to separate the contributions of different noise sources, and utilizing spectral proper orthogonal decomposition to extract the dominant coherent structures responsible for the oscillating cylinder at the lock-in boundary at high Mach numbers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104425"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully coupled hydroelastic analysis of a membrane-based offshore floating photovoltaic structure: Experimental and numerical studies","authors":"Yifan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiantao Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanyu Liu ,&nbsp;Dengfeng Fu ,&nbsp;Zhenguo Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Membrane-based floating photovoltaic (M-FPV) platforms represent an innovative approach to offshore floating photovoltaic systems, characterized by a circular floater and a thin membrane. This research introduces a fully coupled time-domain simulation method to analyze the hydroelastic response of the main structure of these platforms under regular and irregular wave conditions. Modal superposition is employed to assess both in-plane and out-of-plane deformations, while the hydrodynamic forces are obtained using linear potential flow theory, incorporating the modified Morison equation for in-plane loads on the floater. Experimental validation was performed using wave tests in a towing tank. The setup included a horizontal mooring system with four lines. Measurements focused on deformations of both the floater and the membrane, along with mooring forces and wave elevations. The numerical results exhibit good agreement with the experimental data. The wave test results demonstrate the complex interaction between platform flexibility and wave behavior. In regular wave tests, the Response Amplitude Operators (RAOs) reveal that platform flexibility allows the structure to better conform to the wave profile at lower frequencies, while higher frequencies are dominated by structural rigidity, highlighting a significant three-dimensional effect. A distinct difference in in-plane deformation between fore and aft parts under the influence of mooring lines was observed. In irregular wave tests, the vertical motion spectrum of the platform aligns with the wave spectrum, showcasing its flexibility. However, the in-plane longitudinal motion spectrum reveals an additional peak at a frequency approximately twice that of the wave spectrum, attributed to the platform’s surge resonance. This study offers a thorough analysis of M-FPV platforms’ hydroelastic response under regular and irregular waves, informing the design and optimization of offshore PV systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104427"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerodynamic admittance and dynamics of an open-grown tree","authors":"Xiaonan Wang ,&nbsp;Jakob Mann ,&nbsp;Ebba Dellwik ,&nbsp;Nikolas Angelou","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104409","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104409","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Enhancing our understanding of the structural response of trees exposed to wind loading is important, since the knowledge of their aerodynamic behaviour is necessary for a realistic risk assessment of tree damage during extreme wind conditions. Here, we first present an analytical model of the aerodynamic admittance function that relates the turbulence fluctuations of the wind at a single point to their spatial average over the crown’s frontal area. The latter is responsible for the wind-induced bending moments at the base of a tree’s stem. We employ the aerodynamic admittance function to model the dynamic structural response of an open-grown oak tree. The analysis is performed along two axes to express both the longitudinal and transverse response with respect to the mean wind direction. The resulting predictions are compared with strain gauge observations taken at the lower part of the stem. The presented framework shows that the spatial averaging over the crown’s frontal area has a stronger effect on the tree’s movements in the streamwise wind direction compared to the spanwise direction. Further, the aerodynamic damping is also stronger in the streamwise direction and generally correlates positively with the inflow wind speed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A time-domain computational method for the assessment of the dynamic response of long-span submerged floating tunnels under coupled action of multiple loads in marine environments","authors":"Wenlong Luo ,&nbsp;Bo Huang ,&nbsp;Lihua Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Hongbo Su ,&nbsp;Jianting Zhou ,&nbsp;Hao Ding ,&nbsp;Ke Li ,&nbsp;Liang Cheng ,&nbsp;Dan Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104440","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104440","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is a new type of transportation structure used to cross water areas. In complex marine environments, the long-span SFT is subjected to nonlinear coupled effects of multiple loads, resulting in extremely complex dynamic responses. At present, the calculation methods for the dynamic response of the long-span SFT in marine environments have the following main deficiencies: (1) When different cable models, tube-end boundary conditions, and load patterns are adopted, the resulting mathematical models of the SFT often exhibit different expressions, with complex governing equations. The models lack flexibility and generality when considering different cable arrangements and load combinations. Existing studies are typically limited to fixed structural configurations under single-load effects. (2) Restricted by computational costs, the Morison equation is commonly used to calculate fluid loads on long-span SFTs. This equation can only account for one-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effects, fails to compute the torque exerted by fluids on the SFT tube, and ignores the influence of seabed topography on the flow field. Addressing the current research gaps in the analysis of dynamic characteristics of the long-span SFT under marine conditions, particularly the challenges in two-way FSI computation for long-span configurations, this paper proposes a time-domain computational method for dynamic response analysis of the long-span SFT under coupled action of multiple loads, which provides a general computational framework for dealing with the multi-load action problems of SFTs. The computational framework incorporates a two-way FSI calculation model based on a system of two-dimensional potential flow wave flumes, which overcomes the limitations in computational efficiency in bidirectional coupling analysis of the long-span SFT, and addresses the challenges in the applicability of the Morison equation under complex working conditions. This paper verifies the correctness of the proposed method for calculating structural dynamic responses by comparing the calculation results of finite element mode. The accuracy of the potential flow flume in calculating wave loads is also verified by comparing with the calculation results of the viscous fluid model. Finally, by comparing with the results of the frequency-domain calculation of dynamic responses of the SFT, it demonstrates the reliability of the FSI calculation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104440"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145321275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the oscillatory behavior of two pendulum-like tandem circular slender cylinders","authors":"Patrick Batista Habowski ,&nbsp;Sergio Viçosa Möller ,&nbsp;Adriane Prisco Petry ,&nbsp;Atef Mohany","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This experimental study investigates the flow–structure interaction of two identical tandem slender cylinders subjected to cross-flow in a wind tunnel. The upstream and downstream cylinders were mounted in a pendulum-like configuration, allowing only transverse oscillation with matching natural frequencies, and were also tested in a fixed configuration for comparison purposes. All experiments were performed at spacing ratios ranging from 2.0 to 7.5, within a Reynolds number range of 16,000 to 22,000. Lateral displacements were recorded using a high-speed camera, and flow structures were analyzed using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The primary objective was to correlate the observed flow dynamics from the PIV results with the oscillatory behavior of the cylinders. The results show that oscillations occurred for all investigated spacing ratios, with the most significant oscillations observed at a spacing ratio of 2.0 and a distinctive pattern with extreme amplitudes at a spacing ratio of 3.5. Cross-correlation of the Discrete Wavelet Transform of the vibration response reveals that the vibration of the downstream cylinder are influenced by the wake of the upstream cylinder, with its amplitude remaining enveloped within the wake of the upstream cylinder. The flow structure driving the oscillatory behavior indicates that the vibrations of the cylinders are predominantly governed by wake-induced vibration, except for the case of <span><math><mrow><mi>L</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></math></span>, where a galloping-like instability was observed—a mechanism not previously reported for this configuration. The phenomenon described in this paper presents potential opportunity for energy harvesting applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104424"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation of torsional effects on cross-flow oscillations in flow-induced vibrations of a triangular prism","authors":"Seyedmohammad Mousavisani,&nbsp;Farnaz Feyli,&nbsp;Banafsheh Seyed-Aghazadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally investigates the flow-induced vibration (FIV) response of a rigid equilateral triangular prism with one and two degrees of freedom (DoF). The primary focus is on assessing how introducing rotational oscillations (a second DoF) influences cross-flow (CF) oscillations (the first DoF) through a series of water tunnel experiments. The system’s dynamic response is characterized at five initial angles of attack (<span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>,</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>,</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>,</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo><mo>,</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>), within a Reynolds number range of 525 to 3,817. For the one-DoF configuration in the CF direction, a galloping-type instability is observed at <span><math><mrow><mi>α</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mrow><mn>60</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></math></span>. However, when torsional motion is introduced as a second DoF, the onset of oscillations is delayed, and the amplitude of CF oscillations is significantly reduced. This suppression is attributed to changes in the mean angle of attack and the influence of periodic rotational oscillations. The periodic prism rotation modifies the flow-afterbody interaction, leading to weakened flow forces in the CF direction and further reducing the vibration amplitude. Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements reveal notable differences in the wake structures between the one- and two-DoF cases. In the two-DoF configuration, the prism’s rotation shifts the separation points, leading to asymmetric vortex shedding between the upper and lower sides. This asymmetry periodically modulates the wake dynamics and sustains the rotational oscillations of the prism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104428"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sequential learning based PINNs to overcome temporal domain complexities in unsteady flow past flapping wings","authors":"Rahul Sundar ,&nbsp;Didier Lucor ,&nbsp;Sunetra Sarkar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For a data-driven and physics combined modeling of unsteady flow systems with moving immersed boundaries, Sundar <em>et al.</em> (Sundar et al. 2024) introduced an immersed boundary-aware (IBA) framework, combining Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) and the immersed boundary method (IBM). This approach was beneficial because it avoided case-specific transformations to a body-attached reference frame. Building on this, we now address the challenges of long time integration in velocity reconstruction and pressure recovery by extending this IBA framework with sequential learning strategies. Key difficulties for PINNs in long time integration include temporal sparsity, long temporal domains and rich spectral content. To tackle these, a moving boundary-enabled PINN is developed, proposing two sequential learning strategies: - a time marching with gradual increase in time domain size, training a monolithic PINN and - a time decomposition which divides the temporal domain into smaller segments, training a PINN over each subdomains and combining them together. While the former approach may struggle with error accumulation over long time domains, the latter one, eventually combined with transfer learning, effectively reduces error propagation and computational complexity. The key findings for modeling of incompressible unsteady flows past a flapping airfoil include: - for quasi-periodic flows, the time decomposition approach with preferential spatio-temporal sampling improves accuracy and efficiency for pressure recovery and aerodynamic load reconstruction, and, - for long time domains, decomposing it into smaller temporal segments and employing multiple sub-networks, simplifies the problem ensuring stability and reduced network sizes. This study highlights the limitations of traditional PINNs for long time integration of flow-structure interaction problems and demonstrates the benefits of decomposition-based strategies for addressing error accumulation, computational cost, and complex dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104421"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145120994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional fluid–structure interaction diagnostics using a single camera","authors":"Bibek Sapkota,&nbsp;Holger Mettelsiefen,&nbsp;Vrishank Raghav,&nbsp;Brian S. Thurow","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A new method for fluid–structure interaction (FSI) diagnostics to simultaneously capture time-resolved three-dimensional, three-component (3D3C) velocity fields and structural deformations using a single light field camera is presented. A light field camera encodes both spatial and angular information of light rays collected by a conventional imaging lens that allows for the 3D reconstruction of a scene from a single image. Building upon this capability, a light field fluid–structure interaction (LF FSI) methodology is developed with a focus on experimental scenarios with low optical access. Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) is used to separate particle and surface information contained in the same image. A correlation-based depth estimation technique is introduced to reconstruct instantaneous surface positions from the disparity between angular perspectives and conventional particle image velocimetry (PIV) is used for flow field reconstruction. Validation of the methodology is achieved using synthetic images of simultaneously moving flat plates and a vortex ring with a small increase in uncertainty under <span><math><mo>∼</mo></math></span> 0.5 microlenses observed in both flow and structure measurement compared to independent measurements. The method is experimentally verified using a flat plate translating along the camera’s optical axis in a flow field with varying particle concentrations. Finally, simultaneous reconstructions of the flow field and surface shape around a flexible membrane are presented, with the surface reconstruction further validated using simultaneously captured stereo images. The findings indicate that the LF FSI methodology provides a new capability to simultaneously measure large-scale flow characteristics and structural deformations using a single camera.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 104423"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145221833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}