Journal of Fluids and Structures最新文献

{"title":"Numerical study on load and deformation characteristics of vehicle during high-speed water entry","authors":"Yao Shi ,&nbsp;Zhenpeng Liu ,&nbsp;Hairui Zhao ,&nbsp;Guang Pan ,&nbsp;Denghui Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104473","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104473","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a numerical model for high-speed water entry of vehicle was established based on the structured arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (S-ALE) method. The model showed good predictive accuracy when compared with experimental results. Using this validated model, numerical simulations were conducted for varying entry velocities (100∼300 m/s) and angles (60° and 90°). Time-domain characteristics including acceleration, pressure, and stress during water entry are systematically obtained, with frequency-domain characteristics further revealed through power spectral analysis. Additionally, the load and deformation characteristics of vehicle’s head are thoroughly investigated. Correlation coefficient calculations indicated that the pressure and stress curves exhibited a consistent trend with the deflection curve, revealing a significant coupling relationship between structural deformation and load characteristics during high-speed water entry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104473"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145658794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-structure interaction of a fixed-fixed high-aspect-ratio flexible wing in crossflow","authors":"Si Peng ,&nbsp;Md. Mahbub Alam ,&nbsp;Yu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The fluid-structure interaction (FSI) of a flexible wing with two ends fixed-supported is experimentally investigated. The nominal angle <em>α</em>₀ of attack examined is varied from 0° to 90°, with the chord-based Reynolds number <em>Re_c</em> = 3.0 × 10⁴ - 1.8 × 10⁵, corresponding to reduced velocities <em>U</em>_r = 12 - 70. Various techniques are deployed to capture simultaneously the flow field and fluid forces on the wing, along with the bending and torsional displacements. Careful analysis of experimental data reveals three distinct flow regimes, i.e., the small (I, <em>α</em>₀ = 0°–8°) and large (III, <em>α</em>₀ &gt; 12°) angle of attack regimes and a transitional regime II (8° &lt; <em>α</em>₀ ≤ 12°), based on fluid forces, structural vibrations and flow structures. In regime I, the torsional deformation alters the local effective angle of attack, leading to early stall onset. It is surprisingly found that the bending vibration is strongly coupled with a significant torsional displacement in regime I, resulting in the sequential occurrence of three distinct fluid-structure couplings, i.e. the classical, light- and deep-stall flutters, with increasing <em>α</em>₀. These couplings result in an increase and a decrease in the bending and torsional vibration frequencies of the flexible wing, respectively, which are distinctly different from their counterpart of spring-supported rigid wings. This difference accounts for the great disparity between the FSIs of the two types of wings in terms of the frequencies, damping ratios and vibration amplitude of the fluid-structure system, along with the surrounding flow structure. A model is developed to predict the variation in the frequency of the bending vibration, which the conventional beam theory fails to predict.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aeroelastic response of a three-dimensional square cylinder to large-scale sinusoidal gusts with acoustic disturbances","authors":"Lixuan Zhao ,&nbsp;Qiusheng Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104491","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104491","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite extensive studies on the aerodynamics and aeroelastic behavior of three-dimensional (3D) square cylinders under turbulent and smooth flows, limited attention has been paid to the effects of large-scale sinusoidal gusts. In particular, the influence of such unsteady inflow conditions on wind-induced vibration characteristics of 3D aeroelastic bluff bodies remains underexplored. This study experimentally investigates the influence of streamwise sinusoidal oscillating flows (SSOFs) on the wind-induced vibrations of a 3D aeroelastic square cylinder, focusing on the instability phenomena of vortex-induced vibration (VIV) and transverse galloping. Wind tunnel testing is conducted to measure the along-wind and across-wind displacement responses under various SSOF conditions, supplemented by wake velocity measurements. To further explore the sound-gust coupling effects on fluid-structure interactions, sinusoidal sound disturbance is also considered. The results reveal that SSOFs significantly enhance along-wind responses while attenuating across-wind vibrations, with the impact depending on gust amplitude and frequency. Vortex shedding in the wake is notably suppressed, especially within the VIV regime. Besides, sound resonant with the cylinder amplifies oscillations and fosters instability, while resonance with the gust tends to suppress them. These findings offer new insights into the aeroelastic responses of bluff bodies in complex unsteady flow environments and highlight the potential influence of sound-flow coupling on structural performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104491"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Control of the channel flow past a cylinder by a piezo-actuated flexible splitter plate","authors":"Simone Cruciani ,&nbsp;Franco Auteri ,&nbsp;Michel Fournié","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the numerical stabilization around an unstable steady solution of a typical fluid-structure interaction problem constituted by a circular cylinder with a flexible splitter plate (Turek and Hron, 2006) actuated by piezoelectric devices and immersed in a fully developed, laminar channel flow. We define a linear feedback control that can locally stabilize the fully coupled nonlinear system. The feedback is based on a spectral decomposition of a non-standard Differential Algebraic Equation resulting from a monolithic Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian Finite Element formulation where a simple model of the piezoelectric patches is considered. By projecting the full system on its unstable subspace, a Reduced Order Model is defined. The design of the controlled system exploits the computation of the unstable direct and adjoint subspaces to identify the number and distribution of the patches on the beam. Moreover, the feasibility of such a controller for a real application is assessed by looking at the saturation limit of the control input. This paper is an extension of the methodology presented in Airiau et al. (2017) and Fournié et al. (2019) to control the Navier-Stokes equations to a fluid-structure model actuated by macro-fiber composites. To our knowledge, such active controls are original and the numerical tests presented validate their promising potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104490"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Torsional motion study on the aerodynamic instability of solar tracking systems","authors":"Kanghui Zheng ,&nbsp;Yukun Feng ,&nbsp;Zuogang Chen ,&nbsp;Yi Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104492","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, the torsional motion induced by the aerodynamic instability in solar tracking systems was investigated through field modal testing, wind tunnel experiments, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. First, modal testing was conducted on a full-scale solar tracking system to obtain the system's natural frequencies and damping ratios, which were used as input data for subsequent calculations. Second, aerodynamic instability experiments of the solar tracking system at the model scale were carried out, and the variations of the torsional angles with the wind speed at different installation angles were obtained. CFD simulations were also conducted under the same conditions, and the reliability of the CFD model was verified by comparing the simulation results with the experimental data. Third, CFD simulations were carried out on a full-scale solar tracking system to study the effects of two key parameters, the wind speed and the installation angle, on the aerodynamic instability. Critical wind speed curves for aerodynamic instability at different installation angles were obtained, and the flow mechanisms of the \"torsional divergence\" and \"vortex lock-in\" phenomena were summarized by analyzing the details of the flow field. Finally, the additional damping ratio's effect on suppressing torsional motion was evaluated. The results showed that the numerical model successfully simulated the entire process of the system's torsional divergence, with dynamic response characteristics that matched well with the experimental observations. For the full-scale model, at 0° installation angles, when the wind speed was below 44 m/s, flat-shaped vortex systems remained attached to the surface of the system. However, when the wind speed reached 45 m/s, alternating vortex shedding occurred on the upper and lower sides of the leading edge of the photovoltaic panel, intensifying the torsional motion of the solar tracking system. Continuous excitation ultimately led to an amplitude jump from within 10° to approximately 80°, resulting in the torsional divergence phenomenon and significantly increasing the risk of structural damage. When the installation angle was between 20° and 50°, vortex systems formed on the leeward side of the solar tracking system and alternately shed at the leading and trailing edges, creating the vortex lock-in phenomenon. This caused the vortex shedding frequency to remain almost unchanged within a certain wind speed range. Additionally, increasing the additional damping ratio from 0 % to 10 % had almost no effect on the critical wind speed at a 0° installation angle. For larger installation angles, increasing the damping ratio reduced the amplitude of torsional motion, thereby effectively increasing the critical wind speed. The results of this study provide a reference for the design and optimization of solar tracking systems, reducing the risk of structural damage to the system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145840942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flow dynamics around mesh wrapped wall-mounted circular cylinders","authors":"Abhinav Thakurta ,&nbsp;Priscilla Williams ,&nbsp;Ram Balachandar","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study experimentally investigates the flow around emergent, wall-mounted circular cylinders wrapped in a nine-start bidirectional helical mesh. The motivation stems from the need to reduce local scour in hydraulic and offshore structures, where conventional porous coatings are prone to sediment clogging. The proposed bidirectional mesh acts as a passive flow control method to alter wake dynamics and also potentially enhance heat transfer in pin fin applications. Three mesh configurations with a fixed pitch of 2<em>d</em> and varying heights, 0.01<em>d</em>, 0.02<em>d</em>, and 0.04<em>d</em> (where <em>d</em> is the cylinder diameter), are evaluated. Experiments were conducted at a Reynolds number of 14,500 (based on cylinder diameter), using particle image velocimetry (PIV) to capture detailed velocity fields and analyze flow structures. At lower mesh heights, only minor deviations from the baseline (bare cylinder) flow are observed. However, the 0.04<em>d</em> mesh notably reduces wake mean velocity, elongates the recirculation region, and distorts the near-bed wake structure. Instantaneous velocity fields and probability density function analysis reveal enhanced flapping of the separated shear layers at mid-wake for the 0.04<em>d</em> case. Two-point correlation analysis shows that this configuration increases near-bed coherent structure size, while smaller mesh heights reduce spatial coherence. Upstream of the cylinder, the flow exhibits bimodal unsteadiness, marked by intermittent transitions between back-flow and zero-flow modes, indicating that the horseshoe vortex system is sensitive to mesh height. Reynolds stress distributions at the cylinder-bed junction further highlight that the 0.04<em>d</em> mesh represents a threshold, beyond which significant changes in both upstream junction flow and downstream wake behaviour become apparent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104488"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new dynamical model for cantilevered pipe conveying fluid based on fifth-order Taylor expansion","authors":"Hao Lv ,&nbsp;Tianli Jiang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Huliang Dai ,&nbsp;Lin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104489","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104489","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fluid-conveying pipes are widely used across various engineering fields, including aerospace, marine, nuclear and mechanical systems. Establishing a theoretical model that balances high accuracy with computational efficiency is essential for investigating the nonlinear dynamical behavior of such systems. In this study, a new fifth-order Taylor expansion model is proposed to improve the representation of the bending curvature compared to the conventional third-order approximations. By applying the axial inextensibility condition, the kinematic relationship between transverse and axial displacements of the deformed pipe is obtained. Using Hamilton’s principle, the nonlinear governing equation of motion for a cantilevered fluid-conveying pipe is derived within the fifth-order Taylor expansion framework. The resulting partial differential equation is spatially discretized via the Galerkin method and numerically solved using the fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm to analyze the nonlinear dynamic responses. Numerical calculations are conducted to compare the computational accuracy and efficiency of the proposed fifth-order Taylor expansion model against both the traditional third-order model and the geometrically exact model. In addition, the influence of two key parameters—mass ratio and gravity parameter—on the dynamical behavior of the pipe is further examined under both high and low flow velocities. Results show that the fifth-order Taylor expansion model offers improved accuracy and wider applicability over the third-order model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104489"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wave load identification for a floating cylinder using in-situ wave elevation and structural motion data","authors":"Jingbo Qing ,&nbsp;Jiabin Liu ,&nbsp;Jialei Yan ,&nbsp;Colin Whittaker ,&nbsp;Anxin Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a novel method for identifying wave load on floating structures using monitored in-situ wave elevation and structural motion data. Based on potential flow theory, this method establishes transfer matrices linking structural surface pressure to measurable wave elevations and structural motion. The derivation of the transfer matrices relies on truncated cylindrical harmonic expansion, Green’s function integral equation and panel-based discretization. By precomputing the transfer matrices, the approach achieves real-time hydrodynamic force estimation using only monitoring data, circumventing full-domain velocity potential solutions. The proposed method was validated through experiments conducted in a large-scale flume, demonstrating its accuracy and reliability. Phase space reconstruction reveals that the identified results preserve key dynamical characteristics of the system. Parameter analyses confirm its robustness against variations in discretization and truncation. The study also examines the influence of wave spectral truncation and measurement point layout, providing practical guidelines for parameter selection. This approach offers the advantage of easily obtainable monitoring data, overcoming traditional sensor deployment limitations while providing a scalable solution for real-time wave load monitoring of floating structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104485"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical simulation of band gap characteristics of periodic curved stiffened plates considering fluid-structure interaction","authors":"H.A. Ma ,&nbsp;Z.X. Xia ,&nbsp;S.T. Gu ,&nbsp;H.J. Liu ,&nbsp;Y. Cong ,&nbsp;H.P. Yin","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Curved stiffened plates are frequently subjected to vibration challenges during their application in marine and underwater engineering structures. Traditional vibration mitigation strategies, such as increasing structural stiffness or incorporating high-damping materials, often lead to increased design complexity. In this study, a novel vibration reduction approach is proposed by designing periodic structures with appropriately arranged curved stiffeners. This approach leverages the unique band gap characteristics of periodic structures for vibration attenuation. A numerical framework is established for band gap analysis of arbitrarily curved stiffened plates, incorporating fluid-structure interaction (FSI) effects. Specifically, the constitutive model of the curved stiffened plate is derived using the Mindlin plate theory and Timoshenko beam theory. The fluid-structure interaction is modeled via the added mass method, and periodic boundary conditions are applied to both the plate and the fluid domains based on Bloch’s theorem. Numerical validation confirms the accuracy of the modal analysis for curved stiffened plates. The importance of properly arranging curved stiffeners was demonstrated through time-domain dynamic analyses of several finite structures, which also confirmed the effectiveness of the band gap. The influence of the fluid environment on the system’s band gap characteristics was thoroughly examined. Particular attention was given to how the amplitude, wavelength, and structural parameters of sinusoidal stiffeners affect the band gap, as well as the anisotropic propagation of elastic waves in sinusoidal stiffened plates. The results indicate that specific stiffener designs play a critical role in tuning band gap properties and enhancing structural vibration performance, offering valuable insights for vibration reduction in fluid-structure coupled curved stiffened plate applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"141 ","pages":"Article 104487"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A strongly coupled 3D BEM-FEM fluid–structure interaction model for the analysis of flexible biomimetic thrusters","authors":"Dimitra Anevlavi,&nbsp;Kostas Belibassakis","doi":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jfluidstructs.2025.104464","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biomimetic propulsors that emulate the kinematics of famous thunniform swimmers, such as the Bluefin tuna and the humpback whale, offer an eco-friendly alternative to conventional propellers for autonomous underwater vehicles. Their advantages include low-frequency operation, advanced maneuverability, and high efficiency during long-distance cruising. Related research suggests that elasticity, advanced control, and properly tuned material parameters are key for emulating nature in thruster applications. The present work proposes a strongly coupled fluid–structure interaction model that addresses the hydroelastic response prediction problem, supporting the design of flexible flapping-foil thrusters. The developed 3D FSI model consists of an unsteady boundary element method for the lifting-surface problem and a finite element method, based on Discrete Kirchhoff Triangles for thin plates with stiffness variation, for the structural problem. The response of elastic wings is implicitly non-linear since deformations affect the hydrodynamic load excitation and vice-versa. Therefore, strong coupling is crucial for accurately capturing the underlying physics. Comparisons against experimental data support the validity of the developed FSI numerical scheme, suggesting that it can facilitate the design of concept thrusters with enhanced performance using optimization and elastic parameter tuning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54834,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Fluids and Structures","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104464"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}