Journal of Geodynamics最新文献

{"title":"Recent progress in the study of lattice-preferred orientation of olivine","authors":"Shun-ichiro Karato","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent progress on the study of olivine LPO after (Karato et al., 2008) is reviewed with the emphasis on three issues: (i) LPO formed by the rotation of olivine crystals with anisotropic shape (euhedral crystals) in diffusion creep (Miyazaki et al., 2013), (ii) B-type LPO in the olivine + basaltic melt (Holtzman et al., 2003), and (iii) pressure change in the influence of LPO (Ohuchi and Irifune, 2013). Regarding the role of euhedral crystals, we show that euhedral olivine crystals occur in a mixture of forsterite and diopside (used by (Miyazaki et al., 2013)) but not in a mixture of olivine and enstatite. Consequently, the results by reported by (Miyazaki et al., 2013) are not applicable to the Earth’s upper mantle where olivine co-exists mostly with enstatite. Also we show that the LPO reported by (Miyazaki et al., 2013) is not consistent with the shape of olivine, and the observed LPO is likely due to dislocation glide (A-type fabric) under the conditions near the diffusion-dislocation creep regime boundary.</p><p>Regarding the LPO of olivine with the presence of melt, (Qi et al., 2018)’s experimental study with the torsion geometry did not reproduce the B-type fabric reported by (Holtzman et al., 2003) indicating that the B-type fabric reported by (Holtzman et al., 2003) was indeed an artifact of the direct shear experiments. The weak LPO found by (Qi et al., 2018) (compared to that by (Zimmerman et al., 1999)) can be explained by the smaller grain size in their experiments. I conclude that a majority of the experimental results on olivine LPO at relatively low pressures (&lt;2 GPa) can be understood based on the basics of deformation mechanism map and LPO caused by various slip systems in olivine. Regarding a claim by (Ohuchi and Irifune, 2013) that the A-type LPO (a-slip) dominates at high water content and c-slip dominates at low water content at pressures higher than ∼7 GPa, a compilation of experimental studies by (Masuti et al., 2019) and the observed LPO of the ultra-deep xenolith do not support their claim. However, experimental studies under these high-pressure conditions are limited and there remain large uncertainties regarding the LPO at high pressures (P&gt;3 GPa).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"161 ","pages":"Article 102033"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arctic cretaceous tectonic and igneous mega-province (TIMP): Regional domains and geodynamics","authors":"Anatoly M. Nikishin ,&nbsp;Gillian R. Foulger ,&nbsp;Vyacheslav V. Akinin ,&nbsp;Elizaveta A. Rodina ,&nbsp;Henry W. Posamentier ,&nbsp;Ksenia F. Aleshina","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2024.102031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Arctic Cretaceous Tectonic and Igneous Mega-Province (Arctic TIMP) was active in the period 125–80 Ma. We define a TIMP as a region that is large on a global scale and experiences widespread magmatism and tectonic extension. This province has three main domains: (1) the North Atlantic with its continental rifting, (2) the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP – the Arctic Ocean and some islands), and (3) part of the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Orogen where collapse, extension and magmatism occurred. The classical HALIP regional domain has three main elements: (1) intraplate basalt plateau traps (flood basalts), (2) areas of intraplate intrusive magmatism (dykes and sills), and (3) the Alpha-Mendeleev LIP magnetic domain. Nine magmatic seismic facies for the Alpha-Mendeleev LIP magnetic domain are recognized, including SDRs, half-grabens with SDR-like units, layered horizontal volcanic flows and large volcanic constructions. New data support the hypothesis that below all the magmatic seismic facies lies continental crust stretched on different scales and intruded by basalts. Three possible stages of HALIP-age magmatism and tectonics are recognized: (1) formation of basalt trap-type plateaus (±125–120 Ma); (2) synrift and postrift magmatism with SDR units containing both tholeiitic and alkali basalts in the Alpha-Mendeleev region along with conjugate basins (±120–100 Ma); and (3) formation of a number of large, Fedotov-type volcanic constructions in the Alpha-Mendeleev region (±100–80 Ma). At about 120 Ma orogenic collapse started in Verkhoyansk-Chukotka Orogen. The collapse was accompanied by regional uplift and magmatism. Granitoid syn-extension magmatism occurred commonly throughout the area. A large part of the land was covered by volcanics with variable compositions. Rift valleys were common. Orogenic collapse ended at about 100 Ma. The general timing of the orogenic collapse, extension, and magmatism in the Verkhoyansk-Chukotka region coincides with magmatic and tectonic events in the HALIP. The Arctic TIMP formed as a single, connected geodynamic system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 102031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140619149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dataset of P-wave velocity anisotropy measured on spherical samples of various rock types with an example of data analysis of retrogression related changes in eclogite and peridotite","authors":"Martin Staněk,&nbsp;Matěj Machek,&nbsp;Vladimír Kusbach,&nbsp;Barbora Píšová","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2024.102032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A dataset of ultrasound P-wave velocity measured in 132 independent directions and at confining pressure up to 400 MPa on 152 spherical samples is presented. The samples include sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rocks from various geological settings and single crystals of quartz and plagioclase. The measured P-wave velocity data are accompanied by measured rock densities, calculated P-wave velocity anisotropies and by petrographic properties observed under the optical microscope. An example of analysis and interpretation of the dataset content is shown on a set of 27 eclogite samples and a set of 23 peridotite and pyroxenite samples included in the dataset. The impact of retrogression in eclogites and in peridotites and pyroxenites on the rock elastic properties is investigated. The eclogite retrogression has at its early stages only limited influence on the P-wave velocity. The progress of retrogression in eclogite is associated with gradual decrease in density and P-wave velocity. A more significant influence on P-wave velocity has been observed for the kelyphitization of garnet than for the pyroxene symplectitization. The serpentinization process associated with rapid density decrease is reflected by distinct decrease of P-wave velocity regardless of the rock type. The P-wave velocity anisotropy of analyzed sample sets is mostly dependent on the primary rock microstructure or on the later developed pore space. The pore space geometry documented by differences of P-wave velocity measured at increasing confining pressure is attributed to open microcracks in both rock types.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 102032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264370724000152/pdfft?md5=ffc584dcf5a8d194d39cc08f604e030c&pid=1-s2.0-S0264370724000152-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140650106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution velocity and strain rate fields in the Kumaun Himalaya: An implication for seismic moment budget","authors":"Himanshu Verma ,&nbsp;Sumanta Pasari ,&nbsp;Yogendra Sharma ,&nbsp;Kuo-En Ching","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2024.102023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The collision between Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates results in a series of earthquakes, releasing stored elastic strain accumulated over a long period. This research utilizes 22 new and 26 previously published GPS velocities along with nine years of InSAR observations to estimate high-resolution velocity and strain rate fields across the Kumaun Himalaya. The resulting high-resolution velocity field ranges between 0.5 and 14 mm/yr relative to the India-fixed reference frame. The geodetic strain rate is not uniform across the study region and the higher strain rates are observed along the Main Central Thrust. The areal change rate along the Kumaun Himalaya indicates a significant amount of tectonic compression, with an average value of − 0.08 <em>μstrain</em>∕<em>yr</em>, while the maximum shear strain rate in the region has a mean value of 0.08 <em>μstrain</em>∕<em>yr</em>. The moment deficit rate, based on accumulated strain and energy release over 200 years, turns out to be 7.59 × 10¹⁸<em>Nm</em>∕<em>yr</em> along the Kumaun Himalaya. This suggests that the study region can generate a great earthquake (Mw 8.1) in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 102023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140061978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the crustal architecture beneath the Bangui magnetic anomaly and its interactions with central African tectonic megastructures based gravity and magnetic analysis","authors":"Cyrille Donald Njiteu Tchoukeu ,&nbsp;Yvette Poudjom Djomani ,&nbsp;Kevin Mickus ,&nbsp;Sonia Rousse ,&nbsp;Mohamed Sobh ,&nbsp;Charles Basseka ,&nbsp;Jacques Etame","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2024.102022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Bangui magnetic anomaly (BMA) in Central Africa is one of the largest continental magnetic anomalies on Earth in terms of amplitude and lateral size. Determining the sources of the BMA can lead to an increased understanding of the crustal dynamic in the Central African sub-region and the African continent as a whole. Magnetic and gravity analysis-based derivative, two-dimensional forward modelling and a Curie isothermal depth, showed that (a) the bottoms of the magnetic sources were between 15 and 35 km; (b) the BMA is a coalescence of several anomalies that trend E-W and roughly NE-SW. These directions coincide with regional Pan African-aged shear zones along the Central African orogenic belt and to thrust sheets at the northern edge of the Congo Craton. The depth of magnetization does not exceed 35 km with the amplitude of magnetization becoming smaller in the Central African Republic. The potential magnetic susceptibility sources have an average density of 2850 kg/m3 and magnetic susceptibilities between 0.06 and 0.25 SI. The BMA is interpreted to be a combination of middle and lower crustal bodies that are not continuous and consist of magnetic mineral rich granulites and banded iron formations. The gravity and magnetic modelling indicate that the entire crust was involved in the Pan African collisional event similar to what is seen in the Mozambique belt in East Africa. Combined with geological and geochemical studies, the models add evidence that one or two subduction zones were involved in accreting terranes on the northern edge of the Congo Craton. The tectonic accretions caused a crustal remobilization along major shear zones that has locally contributed to a probable circulation of fluids enriched in ferromagnesian minerals during late Neoproterozoic magmatism that created the BMA sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 102022"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strong earthquakes and tsunami potential in the Hellenic Subduction Zone","authors":"Ioanna Triantafyllou ,&nbsp;Apostolos Agalos ,&nbsp;Achilleas G. Samaras ,&nbsp;Theophanis V. Karambas ,&nbsp;Gerassimos A. Papadopoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2024.102021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tsunamigenic potential of an earthquake depends on its size, source depth and focal mechanism. The Hellenic Subduction Zone (HSZ) has been selected in the paper to study this important issue. The HSZ was ruptured by 11 strong (M_w6.0) earthquakes in the time period 2009–2023. One earthquake ruptured onshore but only three out of ten offshore earthquakes produced tsunamis: 1 July 2009 (M_w6.4), 25 October 2018 (M_w6.8), 5 May 2020 (M_w6.6). For each one of the two more recent earthquakes of 5 May 2020 (tsunamigenic, thrust faulting) and 12 October 2021 (non-tsunamigenic, strike-slip faulting) we developed heterogeneous fault models from the inversion of teleseismic P-waveforms, and homogeneous fault models from published moment-tensor solutions. For each fault model tsunami generation and propagation was numerically simulated based on an advanced phase-resolving wave model with the use of higher-order Boussinesq-type equations. The modelled tsunami mareograms are consistent with tide records of the small tsunami (height ∼30 cm) produced by the 2020 earthquake. For the 2021 earthquake the modelled mareograms showed tsunami-like disturbance with amplitude not exceeding the noise level. The tsunamigenic earthquakes of 2009, 2018 and 2020 shared magnitude M_w≥ 6.4, shallow depth (h&lt;20 km), moderate-to-high dip-angle and thrust faulting or oblique slip with significant thrust component. In the remaining seven non-tsunamigenic earthquakes, including the 2021 one, at least one of these features is missing. The results obtained help to better understand the seismic mechanisms of tsunami generation in the HSZ. Further investigation is needed for the central HSZ segment to the south of Crete Island, which historically has not been ruptured by large (M_w&gt;7.0) tsunamigenic earthquakes. In contrast, the western and eastern HSZ segments ruptured by the large 365 AD and 1303 AD tsunamigenic earthquakes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 102021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extensional tectonics of the Indian passive continental margin in the Middle and Late Jurassic: Constraints from detrital zircon ages in the eastern Tethyan Himalaya","authors":"Shuchen Jin ,&nbsp;Yabo Tong ,&nbsp;Xinxin Sun ,&nbsp;Zijian Zhang ,&nbsp;Junling Pei ,&nbsp;Lifu Hou ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Knowledge the initial extension in the Indian continent during the Jurassic is important for understanding the dynamics of its breakup from Eastern Gondwana. The absence of Jurassic magmatic activity in the eastern Tethyan </span>Himalaya<span><span> hinders the understanding of this process. We report a provenance and tectonic setting study on the </span>Middle Jurassic<span> Zhela and Late Jurassic<span> Weimei Formations sandstone in Gyangze, eastern Tethyan Himalaya. Detrital zircons<span> of Jurassic sediments indicate four major age peaks: ∼500 Ma, ∼820 Ma, ∼950 Ma, and ∼2450 Ma, which reflect the affinity between the Tethyan Himalaya and India. The differences between the crystallization age and depositional age of isolated detrital zircons from the Middle Jurassic Zhela and Late Jurassic Weimei Formations, indicate that they were formed in an extensional continental margin and deposited on the passive continental margin of India. Combined with regional geological information, our results show that </span></span></span></span></span>extensional tectonics<span><span> was dominant on the northern margin of the Indian continent during the Jurassic. The source-sink sedimentary system and the topography remained stable at this time. After the extension event in the Middle and Late Jurassic, the Kerguelen mantle plume commenced activity, indicating the transition from the lithospheric thinning process to active rifting. The mantle plume activity in the </span>Early Cretaceous led to large-scale uplift in the southeast part of the Tethyan Himalaya, that ultimately led to the breakup of India from Eastern Gondwana.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 102019"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139647565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Location and polarity of Variscan sutures based on petrological and seismological data from the Bohemian Massif and the implications for the European Variscides","authors":"S.W. Faryad ,&nbsp;S. Mazur ,&nbsp;J. Plomerová","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The high- to ultrahigh-pressure ((U)HP) metamorphic rocks are present within the European Variscan belt between the Bohemian and Iberian massifs (the Galicia-Moldanubian zone) and they are partly incorporated into the Alpine orogenic system. Due to their involvement in various allochthonous units, the affiliation of the (U)HP rocks to the suture zones that were the sites of their initial exhumation, is not always clear. The Bohemian Massif preserves the best evidence of Variscan sutures with clear relationships to the exposed (U)HP rocks. They are the Moldanubian and the Saxo-Thuringian sutures bounding the Teplá-Barrandian block from the SSE and NNE, respectively. The distribution of (U)HP rocks coincides with the boundaries of mantle lithosphere domains, delimited from large-scale seismic anisotropy, and reveals the NW-ward inclination of the Moldanubian mantle lithosphere domain beneath the Teplá-Barrandian block and thus a subduction polarity to the NW. The eastern margin of the Teplá-Barrandian block contains a magmatic arc, which is in direct contact with the Moldanubian orogenic wedge, and both are penetrated by lamprophyre dykes (∼340 Ma), which dates the cessation of the collision-related shortening and crustal consolidation. The overall crustal geometry of the Saxo-Thuringian suture implies the SE-ward polarity of subduction during its formation. However, based on seismic tomography and anisotropy model, the suture at mantle depths appears as a sub-vertical boundary between the Saxo-Thuringian and the Teplá-Barrandian lithosphere domains. The Saxo-Thuringian zone bears evidence of blueschist facies metamorphism in the (para)autochthonous units, which are strongly retrogressed. Compared to the Moldanubian zone, (U)HP rocks are less common in the Saxo-Thuringian zone and occur as nappes and klippes, some of which are exposed near the Moldanubian suture. The similarities of the Saxo-Thuringian (U)HP rocks to those in the Moldanubian zone and their allochthonous positions favour formation of some of the (U)HP rocks along the Moldanubian suture and their subsequent emplacement into the Saxothuringian zone. The Moldanubian suture appears to control the distribution of most of the (U)HP rocks exposed along the European Variscan Belt. They all show similarities regarding lithology, mainly fragments of mantle rocks included in felsic materials, and their granulite-amphibolite facies thermal overprint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 102020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139561532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SItomo – A toolbox for splitting intensity tomography and application in the Eastern Alps","authors":"Frederik Link,&nbsp;Maureen D. Long","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tomographic inversion of shear wave splitting data for upper mantle anisotropy has been a longstanding challenge. This is due to the ray-based approximation of classical approaches and the near-vertical incidence of the core-mantle converted phases such as SKS that are often used. Recent developments include the calculation of finite-frequency sensitivity kernels for SKS splitting intensity observations, which allows us to accurately take into account the sensitivity to anisotropic structure with depth. A requirement of this tomographic technique is a dense station spacing, which results in overlapping sensitivity kernels at depth and allows for the localization of anisotropic structure. This is satisfied by a growing number of temporary seismic deployments, which motivates the desire to image anisotropic complexities with depth. Here, we introduce and make available a toolbox for the MATLAB environment that facilitates the application of finite-frequency splitting intensity tomography to dense seismic arrays. Our implementation includes several key features, including: 1) A forward calculation of splitting intensities and sensitivity kernels for a complex anisotropic model space. 2) Consideration of the dominant period of the wave, allowing for multiple-frequency analysis, as well as the incoming wave’s non-vertical incidence. 3) The inversion can be based on a classical gradient descent, on a form of the conjugate gradient method known as the BFGS algorithm, or on a gradient-informed stochastic reversible jump algorithm, allowing for a data-driven parametrization of the model space. 4) Importing splitting intensity measurements from waveforms processed in SplitRacer allows for fast pre-processing of large data sets due to its fully automatic design. To illustrate our method, we present both synthetic tests and an application to real data. We apply our inversion procedure to data from the Swath-D network, which densely covers the transition of the Central to the Eastern Alps. Previous studies showed evidence for an abrupt lateral change of layered seismic anisotropy that had been attributed to an opening for channeled asthenospheric flow. Using an SKS splitting intensity tomography approach, we can confirm previous inferences while providing additional constraints on the distribution of anisotropy laterally and with depth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 102018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139499920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Learning verbs in English and Korean: The roles of word order and argument drop.","authors":"Huanhuan Shi, Angela Xiaoxue He, Hyun-Joo Song, Kyong-Sun Jin, Sudha Arunachalam","doi":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2165926","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15475441.2023.2165926","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To learn new words, particularly verbs, child learners have been shown to benefit from the linguistic contexts in which the words appear. However, cross-linguistic differences affect how this process unfolds. One previous study found that children's abilities to learn a new verb differed across Korean and English as a function of the sentence in which the verb occurred (Arunachalam et al., 2013). The authors hypothesized that the properties of word order and argument drop, which vary systematically in these two languages, were driving the differences. In the current study, we pursued this finding to ask if the difference persists later in development, or if children acquiring different languages come to appear more similar as their linguistic knowledge and learning capacities increase. Preschool-aged monolingual English learners (N = 80) and monolingual Korean learners (N = 64) were presented with novel verbs in contexts that varied in word order and argument drop and accompanying visual stimuli. We assessed their learning by measuring accuracy in a forced-choice pointing task, and we measured eye gaze during the learning phase as an indicator of the processes by which they mapped the novel verbs to meaning. Unlike previous studies which identified differences between English and Korean learning 2-year-olds in a similar task, our results revealed similarities between the two language groups with these older preschoolers. We interpret our results as evidence that over the course of early childhood, children become adept at learning from a larger variety of contexts, such that differences between learners of different languages are attenuated.</p>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"51 1","pages":"19-39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11029125/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76639931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}