Journal of Geodynamics最新文献

{"title":"Late Carboniferous-Early Permian geodynamic evolution of NW Iran: Zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopes, and whole rock geochemistry of Salmas amphibolites","authors":"Robab Hajialioghli ,&nbsp;Mohssen Moazzen ,&nbsp;Sorraya Saeidi ,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Oscar Laurent","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present new geochronological, petrological, and geochemical data from the amphibolites of the Salmas metamorphic complex in NW Iran. This region is where the Sanandaj-Sirjan magmatic-metamorphic zone, the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic arc, and the Eastern Anatolian Plateau converge, creating a complex geodynamic context. The amphibolites alternate with gneisses and metamorphosed limestone layers and appear as enclaves of varying sizes within the gneisses. Fine- to medium-grained amphibole and plagioclase, exhibiting a granoblastic texture, are the dominant minerals, indicating basaltic and diabasic protoliths. The amphiboles show simple foliation along lineation, which is occasionally folded. These amphibolites are overlain by Permian to Jurassic sedimentary rocks and, in some places, by Miocene sediments with angular unconformity. Based on whole-rock geochemistry, the amphibolites have relatively high TiO₂ (1.23–2.62 wt%) and low MnO (0.18–0.21 wt%) contents, classifying them as ortho-amphibolites. The parental magma was sub-alkaline basaltic with tholeiitic affinities, formed in a within-plate tectonic setting. This is characterized by enrichment in LREE relative to HREE, a lack of Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, and the presence of negative Eu and positive Ba anomalies. The ɛHf(t) and ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of dated zircons suggest a depleted mantle to lower crust origin for the parental magma of the amphibolites. U-Pb dating of zircon grains yields a mean age of 304.8 Ma, corresponding to Late Carboniferous-Early Permian magmatism related to the opening of the Neotethys Ocean. The thermal effects of Late Cretaceous to Early Cenozoic subduction-related magmatic events are recorded by overgrown metamorphic zircon around original magmatic grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Varillar Basin: An example of basement-involved tectonism in the Central Andes of northern Chile","authors":"F. Martínez,&nbsp;C. Torres,&nbsp;L. Díaz,&nbsp;C. Arriagada","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Frontal Cordillera in the Central Andes of northern Chile is a basement-involved fold-and-thrust belt characterized by large ranges composed of Paleozoic crystalline rocks, and intermontane contractional basins that have recorded much of the Mesozoic to Cenozoic deformation history of the orogen. At the core of the Frontal Cordillera, along the transition zone between the normal and flat-slab subduction segments, the Varillar Basin serves as a natural laboratory for studying the styles and mechanisms of basement-involved deformation resulting from Andean orogenesis. In this study, we present a novel structural analysis of the basement-involved structures present in this basin by combining field and seismic data with balanced and restored cross-sections. On the surface, the dominant structural features include NNE-striking basement-cored anticlines associated with steeply east and west-dipping reverse faults. These faults uplifted and exhumed large Paleozoic blocks, which are interpreted to be the pre-rift basement for Late Permian to Jurassic rift-related basins. The available seismic line revealed the existence of partially inverted half-graben structures beneath the basin, suggesting that the tectonic inversion of preexisting normal faults is responsible for the basement-involved deformation. This is further evidenced by the occurrence of folded Triassic and Jurassic syn-rift strata, which have been partially expelled from their original depocenters and are now elevated nearly 3 km above their regional datum. Restoration of three cross-sections to their pre-shortening state indicates that steeply dipping reverse faults (e.g., Varillar and Cerro Guerrita faults) accommodated approximately 3 km of crustal shortening on average. Some of these faults have also truncated and overthrust inverted normal faults (e.g., Border Fault), resulting in complex structural arrays. While the exact timing of basement-involved deformation remains uncertain, previous K-Ar age determinations of synorogenic strata suggest that the contractional structures were active during the Paleocene. However, other previously reported low-temperature thermochronological data (apatite fission track) from surrounding areas indicate an Eocene age for the basement-involved tectonism of the Frontal Cordillera.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain partitioning across the outer boundary of the Alboran Domain crystalline thrust sheet. Implications on the kinematic pattern of the Western Gibraltar Arc","authors":"J.C. Balanyá ,&nbsp;M. Díaz-Azpiroz ,&nbsp;A. Jiménez-Bonilla ,&nbsp;M. Sánchez-Gómez ,&nbsp;A. Crespo-Blanc ,&nbsp;I. Expósito","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within orogenic belts, large thrust sheets commonly present a crystalline nature. Their thickness represents a significant portion of the total crust section and they are displaced along several tens of km or more. Due to their size and particular rheological properties, strain decoupling is expected to occur between these crystalline thrust sheets and the footwall units. In this work we characterize the structure of the Alboran crystalline thrust sheet (ATS), which forms the inner core of the Western Gibraltar Arc, a Neogene collisional arc that close the Mediterranean alpine belt to the west. In this setting, we explore the modes of strain partitioning occurring during thrusting both within the ATS and across the mountain front through the underlying units. This allows us to evaluate, within the geodynamic frame of the Western Mediterranean, the contribution of the ATS kinematics in the shaping of the entire Western Gibraltar Arc. Our results point out that the main structure of the ATS in its western part is a large-scale frontal culmination wall developed over a 25 km wide hanging wall ramp. Above this ramp, the rock column (nowadays up to 11–12 km thick) is affected by ca. N-S accommodation folds, mostly vergent to the west, which are likely produced by thrust-parallel simple shear. The inferred tectonic transport direction (nearly E-W) is parallel to those of the neighbouring fold-and-thrust belt units in the western front of the ATS but significantly differs from those in the northern boundary (&gt;20º), suggesting a transpressive regime developed in the lateral parts of the thrust sheet. Moreover, strong evidence of fold-axis parallel extension is recorded within the ATS and in the underlying units. This likely indicates the deformation within the ATS was pure shear dominated and strongly partitioned, producing a large-scale thrust at its base (localized simple shear) coupled with vertical flattening and arc-parallel stretching evenly distributed within the hanging wall. We interpret this generalized extension along the orogenic grain, identified from the fold-and-thrust belt to the inner orogenic core, as kinematically linked to the outward fanning pattern of the tectonic transport directions around the Western Gibraltar Arc and in agreement with the progressive nature of the orogenic curvature. Our results highlight that the kinematics of the Western Gibraltar Arc is largely independent of the Europa-Africa convergence, and agree well with the proposed models of westward retreat –and associated slab tearing- followed by collision in the westernmost Mediterranean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the North Tabriz Fault from the analysis of third order stresses","authors":"Behzad Zamani G. ,&nbsp;David A. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The North Tabriz Fault (NTF) is a major regional fault traversing northwestern Iran. It persists through the Turkish-Iranian plateau crossing the central part of the Iranian-Azerbaijan region. This fault has paleo-seismological history, and has been responsible for many devastating earthquakes, which in historical times have destroyed the city of Tabriz at least twelve times. The NTF is a WNW–ESE trending strike-slip fault but also includes a thrusting component that runs for more than 100 km between the Khoy-Siyah Cheshme- Gaylato fault and the Zanjan fault systems. In this research, seismicity, remote sensing, and field data available for the NTF are studied. Specifically, the stress phases for the three main segments of this fault (Northern, Middle, and Southeast) are analyzed and their hazard potential is established. Numerous horsetail structures, generated by compression resulting from dextral offset movements along the faults, exist in the Misho and Shibly mountain ranges. The phases of the stress relating to the NTF segments are analyzed by the direct inversion stress-separation (Angelier method). That analysis, together with fault movement potential analysis, reveals that the southeast segment of the NTF has the highest potential to generate displacement, suggesting that this fault segment poses the highest risk for future large-scale earthquakes. Moreover, analysis of recent seismicity along the fault, including major earthquake events of 2023 in Southeast Turkey identify a gap in seismicity along part of the NTF, suggesting that future earthquakes should be expected in that region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravimetric modeling of the Nazca plate subduction geometry West of Ecuador","authors":"Carlos J. Araque-Pérez ,&nbsp;Janckarlos Reyes-Lucero","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ecuador and Andean Cordillera in South America are highly vulnerable to hazard-ous events. Despite this, the geometry of the subduction plate in Ecuador has rarely been studied using the gravimetric method, a remarkable tool used to understand geological structures. In this study, a gravimetric model of the subduction zone at the western boundary of Ecuador was created using the European-enhanced gravity model of the Earth and the seismic catalog of Ecuador. A workflow was enforced using terrain corrections, the radial power spectrum, and Euler deconvolution to determine the regional and residual gravimetric components and depth of the gravimetric sources. Seafloor morphological structures were then incorporated into the model construction, including the Carnegie Ridge, fracture of Grijalva, and other elements that split the Nazca and Farallon Plates. Additionally, existing faults in the continental plate were considered, mainly the Dolores-Guayaquil system fault that separates the North Andean and South American Blocks. The models were directly constructed from gravimetric anomalies and calibrated using seismic hypocenters. The root mean square error of the current models exhibited a small offset, indicating a good fit between the processed gravimetric data and the theoretical response of the constructed model. The results were described for two sections along latitudes 1°S and 3°S, indicating that the geometric variations in the subduction plate were caused by heterogeneous physiographic elements in the oceanic crust or by a prior subduction area of the Farallon Plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreword from ILP","authors":"Hans Thybo","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 102046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P-wave attenuation variations beneath the central and western Tien Shan from teleseismic waves","authors":"Xiaolong Ma ,&nbsp;Zongying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seismic attenuation plays an important role in understanding the subsurface structure and provides complementary information on the mantle dynamic together with seismic velocity information. Here we explore the attenuation structure beneath the central and western Tien Shan using teleseismic P-wave data. Firstly, we map the spatial distribution of relative attenuation parameter using the spectral ratio technique in the frequency band between 0.1 and 1.5 Hz. Our results reveal strong lateral attenuation variations in the lithosphere and asthenosphere underneath the study area. Then we invert for the Q_p values using a linear inversion approach. Two high-attenuation regions are observed beneath the middle Tien Shan and western Tarim Basin that could be associated with upwelling hot materials and/or a small plume. Moreover, low-attenuation regions are found beneath the Kazakh Shield and western Tien Shan, which can be attributed to the underthrusted/subducted lithospheric fragments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tectonic reevaluation of West Cameroon domain: Insights from high-resolution gravity models and advanced edge detection methods","authors":"Zambou Tsopgni Yasmine ,&nbsp;Franck Eitel Kemgang Ghomsi ,&nbsp;Robert Nouayou ,&nbsp;Luan Thanh Pham ,&nbsp;Zakari Aretouyap ,&nbsp;Janvier Domra Kana ,&nbsp;Ojima Isaac Apeh ,&nbsp;Robert Tenzer ,&nbsp;Ahmed M. Eldosouky","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The West Cameroon region, characterized by a diverse geomorphology of highlands and plains resulting from tectonic processes across different geological ages, has been extensively explored for natural resources. Recognizing the significance of its tectonic and magmatic features associated with seismic and volcanic activity, this study focuses on geodynamic investigations of the Cameroon Volcanic Line (CVL). Despite previous efforts, detailed structural geophysical studies of the West Cameroon domain have proven inconclusive, prompting a comprehensive structural reinterpretation. Utilizing the high-resolution SGG-UGM-2 satellite gravity model and innovative processing techniques, including the horizontal gradient of a modified tilt (HG_STDR), the balanced horizontal gradient (BHG), the tilt of the horizontal gradient (TAHG), the improvised horizontal gradient tilt angle (impTAHG), and the Tilt Depth method, our research aims to enhance the interpretational quality of tectonic lineaments. By separating regional and residual anomalies in the Bouguer gravity map and applying a combination of filters to delineate geological units, the BHG filter emerges as a robust tool that highlights subsurface edges without generating false features. This approach unveils previously undetected NNW-SSE-oriented lineaments, confirming the presence of deep fractures and faults in Bafoussam, Nkongsamba, and along the Benue Trough, corroborated by newly discovered NNW-SSW trending lineaments. The study suggests that the region’s topography is overcompensated by deep mountain roots and compressive tectonism. Digitizing the BHG filter produces a structural map, revealing predominant NE trends in identified geological margins, including NNE-SSW, N-S, NW-SE, E-W, and NE-SW directions. Geological contacts between granite and high-grade gneiss are indicated by NNW-SSE and NNE-SSW trending lineaments along the Benue Trough. These results contribute significantly to the understanding of the tectonic setting of the West Cameroon Domain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 102061"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative thermal histories of Earth-like planets: Influence of key parameters","authors":"Edgardo Cañón-Tapia","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermal evolution of any planet can be influenced by many factors: the initial temperature profile, the distribution of specific materials within the planet, the existence or lack of a gaseous atmosphere, the effects of early and “late” collision events. Insights concerning the influence of those factors can be obtained by examining solutions to the heat equation, applied to spherical bodies. General trends identified in this work include: 1) Moderate conductive materials contribute to efficiently flatten the temperature gradients, whereas insulating materials promote the preservation of steep temperature gradients. 2) It is not necessary to invoke convection to achieve a relatively flat temperature gradient; moderately conductive materials might achieve the same result without any advective motion involved. 3) Heat transport can take place both outwards and inwards, depending on the initial distribution of temperatures. 4) If the initial temperatures near the center of a planet are low, they will tend to remain low even if heat production takes place at its middle or upper parts. 5) Gradients of temperature near the surface of a planet may not reflect temperature variations at its middle or central parts. 6) Changes of phase exert a strong influence on the evolution of temperature profiles within a planet. 7) Highly insulating atmospheric layers can be important in determining the time of solidification of the upper layer of a magma ocean but not all atmospheres are equally efficient in that respect. As a result, models that give for granted the existence of deep mantle convection on Earth are justified only in the context of models of planet formation that require high initial temperatures; the standard model of a cold solar nebula is not consistent with such deep mantle convective movements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 102062"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling crustal deformation patterns along the north Tabriz fault from 2015 to 2022 using multi-temporal InSAR analysis","authors":"Zahra Alizadeh Zakaria ,&nbsp;Farshid Farnood Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Hamid Ebadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102060","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comprehensive study on the recognition of crustal deformation patterns surrounding the North Tabriz Fault in Northwestern Iran, utilizing Multi-Temporal InSAR analysis. The fault, despite its seismic inactivity for over two centuries, has a long history of ancient seismicity, with earthquake recurrence intervals exceeding two centuries. This makes it highly susceptible to future activity and the generation of significant and devastating earthquakes. However, limited research has been conducted on extracting and modeling deformation patterns of the North Tabriz Fault to identify its active segments. The primary objective of this study is to derive a general trend for fault displacement and investigate regions under pressure in terms of abnormal crustal movements. The results indicate that the Earth's crust in the surrounding regions of the central and northwest segments of the fault exhibits an upward movement ranging from approximately 2 to 10 millimeters per year from 2015 to 2022. In contrast, neighboring areas of the northwestern fault, as well as the northwestern, western, and southwestern parts of Tabriz County, experience ground subsidence with rates ranging from approximately 5 to 40 millimeters per year. These findings are consistent with GNSS-derived line-of-sight measurements obtained from some IPGN stations around the fault with an RMSE of 1.72 mm/yr. Furthermore, the study identifies critical points near the fault that exhibit varying and diverse displacement patterns over time, suggesting significant strain and notable stress within the subsurface environment. According to the analysis of time series data on crustal movements at the identified critical points, it has been found that the prevailing motion pattern of the Earth's crust within the fault zone largely conforms to a sinusoidal descending pattern. Additionally, recent earthquakes in the northwest vicinity of the fault have been observed to occur close to these critical points. Using line-of-sight (LOS) data acquired at these critical points, the study estimates a slip rate of 7.71 ± 0.01 mm/year and a locking depth of 11.27 ± 0.01 km, contributing to a better understanding of the fault's seismogenic behavior. These findings provide valuable insights into the crustal deformation patterns around the North Tabriz Fault, highlighting active segments and regions under pressure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 102060"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142528524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}