Journal of Geodynamics最新文献

{"title":"The North Dobrogea Orogen revisited: Late Miocene structural reactivation along the Trans-European Suture Zone","authors":"William Cavazza ,&nbsp;Thomas Gusmeo ,&nbsp;Antoneta Seghedi ,&nbsp;Ioan Munteanu ,&nbsp;Silvia Cattò ,&nbsp;Massimiliano Zattin ,&nbsp;Lorenzo Gemignani ,&nbsp;Irene Albino","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Northern Dobrogea Orogen is the onshore segment of the southeastern termination of the Trans-European Suture Zone, the most prominent tectonic boundary of Europe, and was affected by multiple superposed deformation episodes in the Paleozoic and Mesozoic. Contrary to the widely held notion that the North Dobrogea Orogen has experienced only very mild and local deformation since the mid-Cretaceous, our (U-Th)/He analyses on apatites from Precambrian, Paleozoic, and Triassic basement and cover rocks indicate a well-defined and widespread episode of cooling/exhumation starting in the late Miocene. The high level of data coherence and the fact that all tectonic units of North Dobrogea have been affected by such episode warrants a geological explanation of supra-regional extent. Miocene cooling/exhumation in Dobrogea can be placed in a larger framework of coeval intraplate compressional deformation affecting a wide area ranging from the Greater Caucasus to the Romanian sector of the Black Sea continental shelf. We propose that the structural inversion of inherited structures in the study area is a distant echo of the Arabia-Eurasia hard collision, which started in the mid-Miocene some 1200 km away to the southeast. Low-temperature thermochronologic data for the area north of the Bitlis-Pütürge suture zone of SE Anatolia indicate that the tectonic stresses related to the Arabian collision were transmitted efficiently in the Eurasian hinterland over large distances, focusing preferentially at rheological discontinuities located as far as the northern shores of the Black Sea. Late Miocene far-field deformation in the hinterland of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone decreases gradually westward from the rapidly exhuming Greater Caucasus, located in front of the area of maximum indentation, through Crimea, to the Odessa shelf and Dobrogea, where deformation has been significantly less and therefore remained underestimated until now.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143941515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probing the active kinematics in northwestern Himalayan foreland, Pakistan: Insights from seismicity and gravity data","authors":"Mohammad Tahir,&nbsp;Bilal Saif,&nbsp;Tahir Muhammad Iqbal,&nbsp;Raja Adnan Habib,&nbsp;Talat Iqbal,&nbsp;Muhammad Awais,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Active tectonic forces and elements along northwestern Himalayan foreland have been probed through determination of seismic parameters duly substantiated by gravity data analysis. Local broadband waveform data of seven moderate to small size earthquakes recorded by CES and PMD networks was analyzed for resolving focal mechanisms and stress orientation. These predominantly strike-slip seismic events represent NW-SE oriented causative faults while the maximum horizontal stress (SHmax) is oriented in the NNW–SSE direction that mimics the Indo-Eurasian plate convergence. Depicted structure was corroborated through analysis of TOPEX satellite gravity data. Shallow right-lateral strike-slip faults observed in gravity data are consistent with the determined focal mechanism solutions. The residual and regional gravity data validates variation in faulting styles with depth as observed in seismic studies. The predominant shallow strike-slip faulting may be associated with interaction of Himalayan thrust and fold-belt with the Indian flexural forebulge known as Sargodha-Delhi basement ridge. Considering these faults to be R-shears of the western plate boundary, i.e. Chaman fault system may provide an alternate tectonic explanation. Total slip in the area, seems to be occurring partly aseismically along viscous decollement in the Himalayan Front i.e. Salt Range and partly seismically through brittle deformation of the basement ridge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102100"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143931819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sub-Moho lithospheric modification beneath the western Deccan Volcanic Province adjoining the Konkan plains: Evidence from Magnetotellurics","authors":"N.N. Chakravarthi ,&nbsp;G. Pavankumar ,&nbsp;Raj Sunil Kandregula ,&nbsp;A. Manglik","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The western continental margin of India consists of significant geomorphological features, namely the Konkan Coastal Plains (KCP), the coast parallel Western Ghat Escarpment (WGE), and the elevated Deccan plateau covered by massive lava flows, a product of mantle plume – lithosphere interaction. The region has also experienced multiple episodes of rifting. As a result, geophysical characterisation of the crust and mantle lithosphere is necessary to better understand the plume-lithosphere interaction process and its impact on the cratonic lithosphere beneath the western Deccan Volcanic Province (DVP). We present the results from 2-D and 3-D inversion of magnetotelluric (MT) data acquired along a 200 km long profile traversing in E-W direction across the KCP and the western Deccan plateau. The results reveal a distinct change in the regional geoelectric strike direction from N-S in the KCP to NW-SE in the Deccan plateau with the WGE forming the boundary between these two regions. The geoelectric model constructed from 2-D inversion of the MT data yields highly resistive fragmented eastward thickening cratonic blocks of the Dharwar Craton, dissected by faults/fracture zones of pre-eruptive times. The 3-D full-impedance tensor inversion shows similar resistive blocks along with a pronounced low electrical conductivity zone beneath the Deccan Plateau. The moderate-to-high conductivity zones underlying the resistive cratonic blocks possibly represent the relics of the interaction between the Indian lithosphere and the Réunion plume, and a zone of volatiles /long lived sulfide fluids due to the effect of residual thermal anomaly. We interpret this feature as an evidence for lithospheric modification through upwelling and decompressional melting of the volatile-enriched mantle. We infer that the persistent dynamic topography of the WGE is due to the presence of such fluids at the sub-Moho depths and uplifting of a low-to-intermediate strength lithosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143928152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late Carboniferous-Early Permian geodynamic evolution of NW Iran: Zircon U-Pb ages, Hf isotopes, and whole rock geochemistry of Salmas amphibolites","authors":"Robab Hajialioghli ,&nbsp;Mohssen Moazzen ,&nbsp;Sorraya Saeidi ,&nbsp;Ali Mohammadi ,&nbsp;Oscar Laurent","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present new geochronological, petrological, and geochemical data from the amphibolites of the Salmas metamorphic complex in NW Iran. This region is where the Sanandaj-Sirjan magmatic-metamorphic zone, the Urmia-Dokhtar magmatic arc, and the Eastern Anatolian Plateau converge, creating a complex geodynamic context. The amphibolites alternate with gneisses and metamorphosed limestone layers and appear as enclaves of varying sizes within the gneisses. Fine- to medium-grained amphibole and plagioclase, exhibiting a granoblastic texture, are the dominant minerals, indicating basaltic and diabasic protoliths. The amphiboles show simple foliation along lineation, which is occasionally folded. These amphibolites are overlain by Permian to Jurassic sedimentary rocks and, in some places, by Miocene sediments with angular unconformity. Based on whole-rock geochemistry, the amphibolites have relatively high TiO₂ (1.23–2.62 wt%) and low MnO (0.18–0.21 wt%) contents, classifying them as ortho-amphibolites. The parental magma was sub-alkaline basaltic with tholeiitic affinities, formed in a within-plate tectonic setting. This is characterized by enrichment in LREE relative to HREE, a lack of Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, and the presence of negative Eu and positive Ba anomalies. The ɛHf(t) and ¹⁷⁶Hf/¹⁷⁷Hf ratios of dated zircons suggest a depleted mantle to lower crust origin for the parental magma of the amphibolites. U-Pb dating of zircon grains yields a mean age of 304.8 Ma, corresponding to Late Carboniferous-Early Permian magmatism related to the opening of the Neotethys Ocean. The thermal effects of Late Cretaceous to Early Cenozoic subduction-related magmatic events are recorded by overgrown metamorphic zircon around original magmatic grains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102089"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Varillar Basin: An example of basement-involved tectonism in the Central Andes of northern Chile","authors":"F. Martínez,&nbsp;C. Torres,&nbsp;L. Díaz,&nbsp;C. Arriagada","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Frontal Cordillera in the Central Andes of northern Chile is a basement-involved fold-and-thrust belt characterized by large ranges composed of Paleozoic crystalline rocks, and intermontane contractional basins that have recorded much of the Mesozoic to Cenozoic deformation history of the orogen. At the core of the Frontal Cordillera, along the transition zone between the normal and flat-slab subduction segments, the Varillar Basin serves as a natural laboratory for studying the styles and mechanisms of basement-involved deformation resulting from Andean orogenesis. In this study, we present a novel structural analysis of the basement-involved structures present in this basin by combining field and seismic data with balanced and restored cross-sections. On the surface, the dominant structural features include NNE-striking basement-cored anticlines associated with steeply east and west-dipping reverse faults. These faults uplifted and exhumed large Paleozoic blocks, which are interpreted to be the pre-rift basement for Late Permian to Jurassic rift-related basins. The available seismic line revealed the existence of partially inverted half-graben structures beneath the basin, suggesting that the tectonic inversion of preexisting normal faults is responsible for the basement-involved deformation. This is further evidenced by the occurrence of folded Triassic and Jurassic syn-rift strata, which have been partially expelled from their original depocenters and are now elevated nearly 3 km above their regional datum. Restoration of three cross-sections to their pre-shortening state indicates that steeply dipping reverse faults (e.g., Varillar and Cerro Guerrita faults) accommodated approximately 3 km of crustal shortening on average. Some of these faults have also truncated and overthrust inverted normal faults (e.g., Border Fault), resulting in complex structural arrays. While the exact timing of basement-involved deformation remains uncertain, previous K-Ar age determinations of synorogenic strata suggest that the contractional structures were active during the Paleocene. However, other previously reported low-temperature thermochronological data (apatite fission track) from surrounding areas indicate an Eocene age for the basement-involved tectonism of the Frontal Cordillera.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102090"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Strain partitioning across the outer boundary of the Alboran Domain crystalline thrust sheet. Implications on the kinematic pattern of the Western Gibraltar Arc","authors":"J.C. Balanyá ,&nbsp;M. Díaz-Azpiroz ,&nbsp;A. Jiménez-Bonilla ,&nbsp;M. Sánchez-Gómez ,&nbsp;A. Crespo-Blanc ,&nbsp;I. Expósito","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Within orogenic belts, large thrust sheets commonly present a crystalline nature. Their thickness represents a significant portion of the total crust section and they are displaced along several tens of km or more. Due to their size and particular rheological properties, strain decoupling is expected to occur between these crystalline thrust sheets and the footwall units. In this work we characterize the structure of the Alboran crystalline thrust sheet (ATS), which forms the inner core of the Western Gibraltar Arc, a Neogene collisional arc that close the Mediterranean alpine belt to the west. In this setting, we explore the modes of strain partitioning occurring during thrusting both within the ATS and across the mountain front through the underlying units. This allows us to evaluate, within the geodynamic frame of the Western Mediterranean, the contribution of the ATS kinematics in the shaping of the entire Western Gibraltar Arc. Our results point out that the main structure of the ATS in its western part is a large-scale frontal culmination wall developed over a 25 km wide hanging wall ramp. Above this ramp, the rock column (nowadays up to 11–12 km thick) is affected by ca. N-S accommodation folds, mostly vergent to the west, which are likely produced by thrust-parallel simple shear. The inferred tectonic transport direction (nearly E-W) is parallel to those of the neighbouring fold-and-thrust belt units in the western front of the ATS but significantly differs from those in the northern boundary (&gt;20º), suggesting a transpressive regime developed in the lateral parts of the thrust sheet. Moreover, strong evidence of fold-axis parallel extension is recorded within the ATS and in the underlying units. This likely indicates the deformation within the ATS was pure shear dominated and strongly partitioned, producing a large-scale thrust at its base (localized simple shear) coupled with vertical flattening and arc-parallel stretching evenly distributed within the hanging wall. We interpret this generalized extension along the orogenic grain, identified from the fold-and-thrust belt to the inner orogenic core, as kinematically linked to the outward fanning pattern of the tectonic transport directions around the Western Gibraltar Arc and in agreement with the progressive nature of the orogenic curvature. Our results highlight that the kinematics of the Western Gibraltar Arc is largely independent of the Europa-Africa convergence, and agree well with the proposed models of westward retreat –and associated slab tearing- followed by collision in the westernmost Mediterranean.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"164 ","pages":"Article 102088"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143644811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New insights into the North Tabriz Fault from the analysis of third order stresses","authors":"Behzad Zamani G. ,&nbsp;David A. Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The North Tabriz Fault (NTF) is a major regional fault traversing northwestern Iran. It persists through the Turkish-Iranian plateau crossing the central part of the Iranian-Azerbaijan region. This fault has paleo-seismological history, and has been responsible for many devastating earthquakes, which in historical times have destroyed the city of Tabriz at least twelve times. The NTF is a WNW–ESE trending strike-slip fault but also includes a thrusting component that runs for more than 100 km between the Khoy-Siyah Cheshme- Gaylato fault and the Zanjan fault systems. In this research, seismicity, remote sensing, and field data available for the NTF are studied. Specifically, the stress phases for the three main segments of this fault (Northern, Middle, and Southeast) are analyzed and their hazard potential is established. Numerous horsetail structures, generated by compression resulting from dextral offset movements along the faults, exist in the Misho and Shibly mountain ranges. The phases of the stress relating to the NTF segments are analyzed by the direct inversion stress-separation (Angelier method). That analysis, together with fault movement potential analysis, reveals that the southeast segment of the NTF has the highest potential to generate displacement, suggesting that this fault segment poses the highest risk for future large-scale earthquakes. Moreover, analysis of recent seismicity along the fault, including major earthquake events of 2023 in Southeast Turkey identify a gap in seismicity along part of the NTF, suggesting that future earthquakes should be expected in that region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102074"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143471521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravimetric modeling of the Nazca plate subduction geometry West of Ecuador","authors":"Carlos J. Araque-Pérez ,&nbsp;Janckarlos Reyes-Lucero","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2025.102073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Ecuador and Andean Cordillera in South America are highly vulnerable to hazard-ous events. Despite this, the geometry of the subduction plate in Ecuador has rarely been studied using the gravimetric method, a remarkable tool used to understand geological structures. In this study, a gravimetric model of the subduction zone at the western boundary of Ecuador was created using the European-enhanced gravity model of the Earth and the seismic catalog of Ecuador. A workflow was enforced using terrain corrections, the radial power spectrum, and Euler deconvolution to determine the regional and residual gravimetric components and depth of the gravimetric sources. Seafloor morphological structures were then incorporated into the model construction, including the Carnegie Ridge, fracture of Grijalva, and other elements that split the Nazca and Farallon Plates. Additionally, existing faults in the continental plate were considered, mainly the Dolores-Guayaquil system fault that separates the North Andean and South American Blocks. The models were directly constructed from gravimetric anomalies and calibrated using seismic hypocenters. The root mean square error of the current models exhibited a small offset, indicating a good fit between the processed gravimetric data and the theoretical response of the constructed model. The results were described for two sections along latitudes 1°S and 3°S, indicating that the geometric variations in the subduction plate were caused by heterogeneous physiographic elements in the oceanic crust or by a prior subduction area of the Farallon Plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102073"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreword from ILP","authors":"Hans Thybo","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"162 ","pages":"Article 102046"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P-wave attenuation variations beneath the central and western Tien Shan from teleseismic waves","authors":"Xiaolong Ma ,&nbsp;Zongying Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102063","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jog.2024.102063","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The seismic attenuation plays an important role in understanding the subsurface structure and provides complementary information on the mantle dynamic together with seismic velocity information. Here we explore the attenuation structure beneath the central and western Tien Shan using teleseismic P-wave data. Firstly, we map the spatial distribution of relative attenuation parameter using the spectral ratio technique in the frequency band between 0.1 and 1.5 Hz. Our results reveal strong lateral attenuation variations in the lithosphere and asthenosphere underneath the study area. Then we invert for the Q_p values using a linear inversion approach. Two high-attenuation regions are observed beneath the middle Tien Shan and western Tarim Basin that could be associated with upwelling hot materials and/or a small plume. Moreover, low-attenuation regions are found beneath the Kazakh Shield and western Tien Shan, which can be attributed to the underthrusted/subducted lithospheric fragments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54823,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodynamics","volume":"163 ","pages":"Article 102063"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143176008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}