Journal of Geodesy最新文献

{"title":"A spatially correlated stochastic model for atmospheric turbulence correction (STOMAC) in InSAR time series","authors":"Baojun Shan, Wenbin Xu, Lei Xie, Kun Jiang, Xingjun Luo","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02051-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02051-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147733524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In-orbit estimation of forces acting on GPS III spacecraft","authors":"Da Kuang, Yoaz E. Bar-Sever, Ant J. Sibthorpe","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02049-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02049-6","url":null,"abstract":"We develop an empirical model for solar radiation and related forces on GPS Block III satellites using in-orbit data, extending and refining the approach we previously applied to GPS Blocks IIA, IIR, and IIF. The model, labeled G3-SPM-2025, expresses the forces in the spacecraft body-fixed coordinate system as functions of the Earth-Spacecraft-Sun angle and the orbit beta angle, and does not require any information on the dimension, shape, and material properties of the spacecraft. The model is tailored for individual satellites, addressing SVNs 74–79, for which we have several years of precise orbit solutions. We assess the performance of the model relative to the present model employed in the GipsyX/RTGx software at JPL, which is a proprietary pre-launch, engineering-specification-based model. The new G3-SPM-2025 model performs better in terms of dynamic fit to multi-day sequences of precise orbit solutions, in overlap of daily orbit determination solutions, and in terms of orbit predictions.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147642156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hybrid deep learning and empirical model for short-term spatio-temporal ZTD forecasting for China","authors":"Xiongwei Ma, Haoran Huang, Qi Zhang, Bao Zhang, Qingzhi Zhao, Xiaohu Lin, Yunzheng Huang, Yiyang Zhao, Yibin Yao","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02050-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02050-z","url":null,"abstract":"Short-term spatio-temporal forecasting of zenith tropospheric delay (ZTD) is beneficial for high-precision global navigation satellite system (GNSS) positioning and meteorological applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a short-term spatio-temporal model for ZTD forecasting over a 1–24 h horizon. A spatio-temporal iterative ZTD forecasting model combining the convolutional long short-term memory neural network (ConvLSTM) and a periodic model is proposed based on the European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecast (ECMWF) Reanalysis 5 (ERA5) data and the GNSS data from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) during 2019–2023. Firstly, an ERA5 ZTD modified model is constructed based on the back propagation neural network (BPNN) and GNSS ZTD. Secondly, the Lomb-Scargle (LS) method is used to detect long-term periodicities of modified ERA5 (modERA5) ZTD and the periodic model is constructed using Fourier fitting. Then the ZTD residuals are obtained by subtracting the periodic model from the modERA5 ZTD, and the spatio-temporal variations of the ZTD residuals are learned and predicted based on ConvLSTM. For ConvLSTM training, the input consists of the ZTD residual sequence from the preceding 24 h, and the ZTD residual of the subsequent hour is used as the output. Finally, the forecasted ZTD residuals are combined with the periodic model to obtain the final forecasted ZTD. The results indicate that the Bias of the modERA5 ZTD is 0.01 mm, which proves that the modified model effectively eliminates the systematic deviation. The ConvLSTM 1-h ZTD forecasting model has an RMSE of 2.82 mm and an STD of 2.81 mm. The ZTD forecasting model proposed in this study exhibits strong performance with RMSE values ranging from 2.9 mm to 9.8 mm when the forecasting horizon is between 1 and 12 h. The forecasting accuracy will decrease as the forecast step increases, and the forecasting accuracy is about 15 mm when the forecast step reaches 24 h. The findings also reveal that the iterative forecasting strategy enhances multi-step predictions. The proposed model outperforms existing site-based ZTD forecasting approaches by jointly considering temporal and spatial variations while ensuring high predictive accuracy. Additionally, the inclusion of a periodic component improves model interpretability, providing new insights and potential advances for GNSS meteorology.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"243 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147702408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the impact of diffraction on GNSS carrier phase measurements","authors":"Uttama Dutta, Jan Johansson, Rüdiger Haas","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02045-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02045-w","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates signal diffraction as a significant, yet often unmodeled, error source in high-precision Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), which typically rely on carrier phase measurements for sub-centimeter accuracy. While standard post-processing mitigates major errors like orbits, clocks and atmospheric delays, localized effects such as diffraction remain a challenge. Diffraction introduces a slowly varying, systematic bias into the measurements, which degrades the accuracy of high-precision positioning. The error is deterministic and structured, meaning it cannot be averaged out and requires physical or empirical modeling. By analyzing double-difference carrier phase residuals, precise point positioning (PPP) position estimates and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurements from both long-term real and synthetically modified datasets, the research demonstrates that diffracted signals are indeed received in areas obstructed from direct satellite line of sight. These bent signals, when inadvertently included in positioning solutions, introduce significant errors that standard algorithms fail to correct, as they are highly dependent on the antenna’s immediate local environment. Our simulation results show that the scatter of the position estimates can get twice as large or even more in the presence of non-minimal diffraction effects. A similar degradation can be seen from the analysis of real data, underscoring that diffraction is a critical factor potentially compromising the utmost accuracy of precise GNSS applications.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147586762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A sequential post-selection testing procedure for univariate congruence models with nested and non-nested hypotheses","authors":"Vinicius Francisco Rofatto, Ivandro Klein, Jhonatta Willyan Miato Assunção, Lincon Rodrigues Silva, Paulo de Oliveira Camargo, Mauricio Roberto Veronez, Luiz Gonzaga da Silveira, Marcelo Tomio Matsuoka","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02043-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02043-y","url":null,"abstract":"Least-squares-based testing procedures for unstable-point identification in geodetic monitoring networks are vulnerable to the smear effect, whereby the influence of a true displacement spreads over several coordinate differences. This leads to a displaced point classified as stable (masking) and a stable point classified as unstable (swamping), a problem that becomes more severe when several points move simultaneously. Recent sequential and combinatorial procedures reduce these effects, but they often lack explicit control of the stepwise false-alarm rate and do not treat post-selection in a formal way. This paper presents SEQCUP, a sequential combinatorial post-selection testing procedure for univariate congruence models when the number and location of displaced points are unknown. The method uses two-epoch observation differences, remains invariant with respect to datum definition, and retains a strictly linear congruence model. At each stage, SEQCUP compares the current null model with higher-dimensional alternatives by means of a quadratic-form statistic built from the difference between their orthogonal projection matrices. The critical value is calibrated with Monte Carlo simulations under the parameterized null displacement model, conditional on the data-driven model selected at the previous stage, so that the resulting test remains valid for both nested and non-nested hypotheses within a unified framework. A stopping rule also limits the maximum number of points inspected in the sequential procedure. It relies on the network topology, excludes models that share the same projector, and uses a normalized distance between projectors to avoid stages with potentially weak separability and pronounced smear effects. Numerical experiments with trilateration, GNSS baseline, and levelling networks, together with literature-based scenarios, show that SEQCUP controls false alarms effectively and attains high mean success rates for model identification over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios. The method performs at least as well as classical procedures and remains comparable to contemporary combinatorial and information-criterion-based methods, with clear advantages in several scenarios involving multiple displaced points and low-to-moderate signal-to-noise ratios.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the network operation of high-resolution Lippmann tiltmeters installed for the monitoring of the Mur-Mürz fault line (Austria)","authors":"Enikő Barbély, Judit Benedek, Nikolaus Horn, Bruno Meurers, Roman Leonhardt, Gábor Papp","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02037-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02037-w","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the decadal scientific cooperation between researchers of Geosphere Austria and the HUN-REN Institute of Earth Physics and Space Science, Hungary, a small polygonal network of Lippmann’s nanoradian-resolution 2D vertical pendulum type compact tiltmeters was established for the monitoring of ground tilts related to tectonic processes in the Mur-Mürz fault zone. Since the beginning of the year 2023, five stations have been operational at 5 Hz sampling rate, among them three stations are equipped also with Streckeisen STS2 or STS2.5 broadband seismometers. Although tiltmeters are applied usually for detecting low frequency deformations, in addition to long periodic signals (e.g. tidal tilt), waveforms of several local and plenty of distant seismic events also were recorded by them. The synchrony and consistency of tilt waveforms observed during local events stimulated the idea of testing the performance of the network by estimating epicentre locations of the events, independently from seismological data. This contributes to the knowledge of the performance, limitations, etc., of the tilt network as a whole system, and also of the high-frequency characteristics of the applied Lippmann-type tiltmeters. Since no standard procedure is available to process tilt data for seismological applications, two methods based on different simplifications of elastic wave propagation are provided for epicentre positioning. The geometric and the time delay inversion methods apply the plane and spherical wave front approaches, respectively. Both solve the problem of event localization in 2D based on the concept of apparent phase velocity of primary seismic waves. Generally the inner accuracy, i.e. the formal error estimates of the epicentre coordinates, of both methods are similar (~ ± 2 km). Although the network geometry was not optimized for such a task, the external positioning accuracy defined as the average deviation between the epicentres estimated by the applied time delay inversion method and the well-established seismological data processing is ~ 4.5 km (median: 2.3 km). The inner and the external positioning accuracy estimates suggest proper network operation and high consistency between recorded ground tilt and ground velocity data. It may give a chance to integrate the high-frequency tilt waveforms in further local seismo-tectonic investigations.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration of the GOCE accelerometers by GPS- and SLR-based precise orbit determination","authors":"P. N. A. M. Visser, J. A. A. van den IJssel, C. Siemes","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02046-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02046-9","url":null,"abstract":"The ESA GOCE satellite carried a gravity gradiometer consisting of three pairs of accelerometers on mutually orthogonal axes. For each accelerometer, bias and scale factors have been re-estimated by a dynamic precise orbit determination (POD) using improved gravity field modeling and standards. The kinematic orbit solution included in GPS-based Precise Science Orbit (PSO) product served as the baseline observables for 1210 daily arcs, covering the period from 1 November 2009 to 20 October 2013. Implementing improved force models almost completely resolved the deviations of the <jats:italic>Y</jats:italic> -axis scale factor obtained in earlier work (Visser and Ijssel 2016). A novel aspect is the verification by comparison with dynamic POD solutions based on SLR observations using 51 two-day orbital arcs. A high level of consistency was obtained between the kinematic PSO- and SLR-based accelerometer calibration parameters, e.g. within 0.01 nm/s <jats:inline-formula> <jats:alternatives> <jats:tex-math>$$^{ 2}$$</jats:tex-math> <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:mmultiscripts> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mrow/> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mmultiscripts> </mml:math> </jats:alternatives> </jats:inline-formula> for the <jats:italic>X</jats:italic> -axis pointing predominantly in the flight direction in terms of bias. One set of accelerometer scale factors was estimated for the entire mission. These were found to be consistent to within 0.005 for all accelerometer axes. The three-dimensional consistency between the dynamic orbits and the PSO reduced-dynamic orbit solutions has a mean Root-Mean-Square (RMS) of 4.5 and 10 cm, respectively, for the PSO reduced-dynamic and SLR-based dynamic orbit solutions. In addition, the one-dimensional RMS-of-fit of the PSO kinematic orbit solution improved significantly from 6.9 in Visser and Ijssel (2016) to 2.6 cm.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147461846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"22 years of time-variable gravity field determination from GRACE and GRACE Follow-On: the CNES/GRGS RL05 solution","authors":"Jean-Michel Lemoine, Stéphane Bourgogne, Pascal Gégout, Franck Reinquin, Jean-Charles Marty, Flavien Mercier, Sylvain Loyer, Sean Bruinsma, Georges Balmino","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02040-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02040-1","url":null,"abstract":"The GRACE and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) missions aim to track temporal changes in Earth's gravity field. Using data from these missions, CNES/GRGS has produced the “RL05” satellite-only series of geopotential solutions in spherical harmonics up to degree and order 90. These solutions are available at both monthly and 10-day temporal resolutions, covering the period from April 2002 to July 2025. These solutions were derived using a distinct processing strategy—particularly with respect to background models and solution stabilization techniques—compared to those adopted by most other groups involved in GRACE/GRACE-FO data processing. Nevertheless, the core parameter estimation approach remains fundamentally the same. The main differences with other processing centers are the combination of Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) data from geodetic satellites with GRACE data at the normal equation level (and not as a substitution of low-degree SH coefficients) and the use of truncated singular value decomposition (TSVD) for the time-variable gravity (TVG) field solution. Examination of TVG time series over test areas such as the Caspian Sea and Iceland demonstrates the advantages of TSVD resolution over conventional unconstrained methods such as Cholesky decomposition, which require post-processing filtering. The DDK5 filter, for instance, produces a strong decrease in the restored signal from spherical harmonic degree 50, compared to approximately degree 70 for the TSVD solution. Our TSVD solution is also compared to mascon solutions, showing a commensurability of the signal content of the solutions, with the advantage of not relying on geophysical assumptions and of providing, on the oceans, a less constrained solution than mascons. Finally, an evaluation of the noise of these different solutions is carried out by estimating and comparing the errors of the solutions on the regions where the TVG signal is particularly weak. The noise is estimated at the level of 1.0 to 4.6 cm equivalent water height (EWH), depending on the resolution, for the DDK5-filtered RL06 solutions from CSR, JPL and GFZ, and at the level of 0.9–3.3 cm EWH for the COST-G, TUGRAZ and CNES-RL05-TSVD solutions.","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147360019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-time oceanic PWV sensing using BeiDou-3 PPP-B2b and low-cost GNSS devices","authors":"Hongxing Zhang, Yunbin Yuan, Luohong Li, Wei Li, Wenjian Huang, Yanju Chai, Dong Ren","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02039-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02039-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147287183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IAG Newsletter","authors":"Martin Sehnal","doi":"10.1007/s00190-026-02035-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-026-02035-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54822,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geodesy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146231219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}