Journal of Hospital Infection最新文献

{"title":"Why is the pathogen positivity rate so high even after chlorhexidine–alcohol disinfection?","authors":"Y. Xiao , C. Tan , J. Zou , S. Chen , B. Tian , A. Wu , C. Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.01.018","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 166-167"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143797145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘Bacterial reservoir in deeper skin is a potential source for surgical site and biomaterial-associated infections’; reply to Xiao et al.","authors":"C. Guarch-Pérez , M. Riool , L. de Boer , P. Kloen , S.A.J. Zaat","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 168-169"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143996372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borderline oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: an emerging threat in the hospital environment","authors":"G. Hughes , S. Wilkinson , J. Harker , I. Gupta , E. Holden , M. Garvey","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.09.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2024.09.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 159-160"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing healthcare workforce management: the economic impact of in-house molecular testing during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"P.T. Coutinho , É.J. Manchesski , P.D. Batista , V.U. Palma , J.P.F. Fortti , G.M. Faleiro , L. da S. Almeida , M. Reche , A.C. Pasqualotto","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 164-165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143804883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hidden burden of VRE screening tests in patients colonized with VRE in an acute setting: a retrospective analysis","authors":"S.P. Mathew , L. Reynolds , S. Nally , S. Frost , V. Boland","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"161 ","pages":"Pages 170-171"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144046418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of cleaning effects of vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfectors on rigid endoscopic instruments: impact of cleaning cycle parameters","authors":"H.-H. Tong ,&nbsp;R. Zhu ,&nbsp;J.-J. Ding ,&nbsp;Y.-Y. Hu ,&nbsp;D.-Q. Yin ,&nbsp;Y. Zhang ,&nbsp;S.-H. Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfectors are widely favoured for cleaning rigid endoscopic instruments, but the standard cleaning cycle is time-consuming, which affects the turnover of instruments.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To compare the cleaning effects of different cleaning cycle parameters on rigid endoscopic instruments and determine parameter settings that balanced effectiveness and efficiency.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six-hundred rigid endoscopic instruments that had been used in laparoscopic cholecystectomies were randomly divided into four groups, including one control group (standard parameters) and three experimental groups which differed in enzymatic washing time, temperature, or detergent concentration. The cleaning quality was assessed via visual inspection with a 5× magnifier and borescope, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay, and residual protein detection.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>No significant difference was found in the cleaning qualification rate among the four groups using a visual inspection with either the 5× magnifier or the borescope (all <em>P</em>&gt;0.05). However, significant differences were observed in the ATP bioluminescence assay and residual protein detection (all <em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Pairwise comparisons revealed Group A had higher qualification rates than Groups C or D (<em>P</em>&lt;0.0167). Significant differences in relative light unit (RLU) values were observed between groups in the ATP bioluminescence assay (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05): Group A showed lower RLU values than Groups B and C, and Group D showed lower RLU values than Group C (all <em>P</em>&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Increasing the enzymatic washing temperature of the vacuum-assisted boiling washer-disinfector to compensate for the flushing and rinsing steps shortened the cleaning time and improved the reprocessing efficiency of rigid endoscopic instruments while maintaining high cleaning quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"163 ","pages":"Pages 98-104"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling the joint effects of single occupancy and N95 respirators on COVID-19 outbreaks in hospital wards.","authors":"Cameron Zachreson, Robyn Schofield, Caroline Marshall, Marion Kainer, Kirsty Buising, Jason Monty, Sheena Sullivan, Kanta Subbarao, Nicholas Geard","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Outbreaks of respiratory pathogens on hospital wards present a major challenge for control of hospital-acquired infections. Structural controls such as single-occupancy patient rooms, or routine precautions such as the use of N95 respirators by healthcare staff can play an important role in preventing and mitigating outbreaks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study applies an agent-based extension of the Wells-Riley model of airborne pathogen exposure to simulate COVID-19 outbreaks on hospital wards. We simulated secondary attack rates and the sizes of outbreaks resulting from introduction of unrecognised cases in hospital wards with double- or single-occupancy patient rooms. We further simulated the impact of N95 respirator use by nurses during patient care activities, assuming an efficacy of 90% for protection and source control.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The size of simulated outbreaks recorded at day 14 was markedly lower in wards with only single-occupancy rooms, compared to double-occupancy rooms (with means of 14.1 and 22.8 infections, respectively). Nurses were more likely to acquire infection than patients for both single- and double-occupancy scenarios. Single occupancy was associated with smaller outbreak sizes, with a larger relative impact on patients than staff. N95 respirators were effective at mitigating outbreaks, with higher impacts in wards with single-occupancy patient rooms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results are consistent with claims that single-occupancy patient rooms reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on hospital wards. Our findings also support the claim that use of N95 respirators by nurses when caring for patients can reduce the effective reproductive ratio of the pathogen. Finally, we demonstrated that switching to single occupancy can increase the benefit of N95 respirator use by healthcare staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144555824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soap scum in drainage during the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"O Imataki, K Konishi, T Taguchi, T Tateishi, M Tamura, S Uehara","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effect of carbapenem preauthorization: an interrupted time-series study over 20 years","authors":"T. Urakami ,&nbsp;T. Matono ,&nbsp;Y. Oka ,&nbsp;Y. Aoki","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Preauthorization of carbapenems is considered effective in reducing carbapenem overuse; however, long-term evaluations are lacking.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>We aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of judicious carbapenem restriction over almost two decades in a tertiary teaching hospital in Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Interrupted time-series (ITS) analysis was applied to investigate changes in the level and trend of antimicrobial use density (AUD) of carbapenems by comparing the pre-intervention (2004 and 2005) and intervention (2006–2023) periods. Furthermore, this study explored the relationship between carbapenem AUD in hospitalized patients, the mortality rate of hospital-acquired bacteraemia, and the prevalence of bacteraemia caused by antibiotic-resistant nosocomial pathogens.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>The ITS analysis demonstrated remarkably significant reductions in the level change of carbapenem AUD following the preauthorization (−0.367 per 100 patient days (95% confidence interval (CI), −0.131 to −0.603; <em>P</em>=0.002). In addition, the trend shift was −0.014 per 100 patient days (95% CI, −0.001 to −0.028; <em>P</em>=0.048). Following the implementation of carbapenem preauthorization, no increase in the 28-day mortality due to nosocomial bacteraemia was observed. Significant positive correlations were found between carbapenem AUD and the prevalence of meticillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (correlation coefficient (<em>ρ</em>) = 0.77 (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001)), meropenem-resistant in <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>ρ</em> = 0.85 (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001)), and <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> (<em>ρ</em> = 0.80 (<em>P</em>&lt;0.001)).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Long-term implementation of carbapenem preauthorization consistently proved to be effective with no adverse consequences for hospital epidemiology in a 20-year ITS analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"162 ","pages":"Pages 319-325"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring antimicrobial resistance in care homes through wastewater surveillance: a scoping review","authors":"B.S. Alford ,&nbsp;C.M. Hughes ,&nbsp;D.F. Gilpin ,&nbsp;J.W. McGrath","doi":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhin.2025.06.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance poses a growing threat, especially in care homes where older residents are particularly vulnerable due to frequent antibiotic use and comorbidities. Following the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been a growing focus on wastewater surveillance for detecting and monitoring pathogens in healthcare settings. This study followed the Joanna Briggs Institute scoping review framework to map the extent of available literature on wastewater-based epidemiological studies addressing antimicrobial resistance in care homes for older adults. Six electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, ProQuest, and Google Scholar) were searched from date of inception until August 26^th, 2024. The search strategy employed variations of the keywords: ‘antimicrobial resistance’, ‘wastewater-based epidemiology’, and ‘care homes for older adults’. Studies were screened based on eligibility criteria, with data extracted by one researcher. Another researcher reviewed the charted data and resolved any queries. The search identified 83 studies, from which 11 studies, conducted between 2015 and 2024, were included. The studies used grab or composite sampling, combined with culture-based methods for bacterial identification, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and molecular techniques such as polymerase chain reaction and whole-genome sequencing. Enterobacterales, including <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Klebsiella</em> spp., were the most frequently detected, with high resistance rates, especially to some penicillins and cephalosporins. Despite the small sample sizes reported in this review, wastewater-based epidemiology shows promise in monitoring antibiotic-resistant bacteria in care home wastewaters, offering insights into trends and genetic diversity, with the potential to inform public health strategies and antibiotic stewardship programmes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54806,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hospital Infection","volume":"164 ","pages":"Pages 8-17"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144509490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}