Journal of Human Evolution最新文献

{"title":"Taxonomic revision of the SK 15 mandible based on bone and tooth structural organization","authors":"Clément Zanolli ,&nbsp;Jean-Jacques Hublin ,&nbsp;Ottmar Kullmer ,&nbsp;Friedemann Schrenk ,&nbsp;Lazarus Kgasi ,&nbsp;Mirriam Tawane ,&nbsp;Song Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The hominin mandible SK 15 was discovered in April 1949 in Swartkrans Member 2, dated to ∼1.4 Ma. Albeit distorted on the right side, the left and right corpus of SK 15 are relatively low and thick, even compared to most Early to Middle Pleistocene <em>Homo</em> specimens. It preserves the left molar row and the right M₂ and M₃ that show a distalward increase in mesiodistal diameter. SK 15 was originally attributed to <em>Telanthropus capensis</em> but is now generally attributed to <em>Homo erectus/Homo ergaster</em>, even if it was previously suggested to possibly belong to <em>Australopithecus</em>. Similarities between SK 15 and <em>Homo naledi</em> mandible and tooth morphology were also claimed. To clarify the taxonomy of SK 15, we used X-ray microtomography to investigate aspects of bone and tooth structural organization. Geometric morphometric analyses of the dental arcade shape, mandible symphysis outline, and the M₂ and M₃ enamel-dentine junction shape were conducted. For mandibular symphysis shape, SK 15 exhibits an australopith signal, whereas for both the dental arcade and enamel-dentine junction analyses, the specimen is statistically classified as <em>Paranthropus</em>. Altogether, the results show that SK 15 unambiguously falls outside the variation of <em>H</em>. <em>erectus</em>/<em>H. ergaster</em> and that it is most compatible with the morphology of <em>Paranthropus</em>, albeit showing smaller dimensions and an absence of some dental morphological features (e.g., developed protostylid, distally tapering M₃, short molar roots) typically found in specimens of <em>Paranthropus aethiopicus</em>, <em>Paranthropus boisei</em>, and <em>Paranthropus robustus</em>. In particular, SK 15 differs markedly in size and morphology from mandibular remains of <em>P. robustus</em> from Swartkrans Member 2. We thus tentatively attribute SK 15 to <em>Paranthropus capensis</em>, a more gracile species of <em>Paranthropus</em> than the other three currently recognized species of this genus and discuss the implications for the existence of another species of <em>Paranthropus</em> in southern Africa during the Early Pleistocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 103634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An assessment of puberty status in adolescents from the European Upper Paleolithic","authors":"Mary E. Lewis ,&nbsp;Jennifer C. French ,&nbsp;Elena Rossoni-Notter ,&nbsp;Olivier Notter ,&nbsp;Abdelkader Moussous ,&nbsp;Vitale Sparacello ,&nbsp;Francesco Boschin ,&nbsp;Stefano Ricci ,&nbsp;April Nowell","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Childhood and adolescence are two life-history stages that are either unique to humans, or significantly expanded in the human life course relative to other primates. While recent studies have deepened our knowledge of childhood in the Upper Paleolithic, adolescence in this period remains understudied. Here, we use bioarchaeological maturational markers to estimate puberty status of 13 Upper Paleolithic adolescents from sites in Russia, Czechia, and Italy to 1) evaluate the feasibility of the application of bioarchaeological puberty assessment methods to Upper Paleolithic (<em>Homo sapiens</em>) skeletal individuals, 2) estimate the timing and tempo of puberty in Upper Paleolithic adolescents compared to other archaeological populations analyzed using the same method, and 3) characterize adolescence in the Upper Paleolithic by contextualizing the results of this puberty assessment with data on individual and population-level health, morbidity and burial practices. Our results revealed that while puberty had begun by 13.5 years of age for the majority of individuals, there was a lot of variability, with the adolescents from Arene Candide (AC1 and AC16), both aged around 16 years when they died, taking several years longer to progress through puberty than their peers. Assessing the age of menarche was challenging due to the paucity of female adolescents, but based on the available evidence, it appears to have occurred between 16 and 17 years of age. For some, full adulthood had been achieved by 17–22 years, similar to the patterns seen in modern wealthy countries and in advance of historic populations living in urbanized environments. The bioarchaeological analysis of puberty among Upper Paleolithic adolescents has important implications for the study of the emergence of adolescence within human-life histories, as well as for understanding the developmental plasticity of sexual maturation across past and present human populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Femoral neck cortical bone distribution in Nacholapithecus from the Middle Miocene of Kenya","authors":"Yuma Tomizawa ,&nbsp;Marta Pina ,&nbsp;Yasuhiro Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Naoki Morimoto ,&nbsp;Masato Nakatsukasa","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postcranial evidence does not support habitual bipedalism in Sahelanthropus tchadensis: A reply to Daver et al. (2022)","authors":"Marine Cazenave ,&nbsp;Marta Pina ,&nbsp;Ashley S. Hammond ,&nbsp;Madelaine Böhme ,&nbsp;David R. Begun ,&nbsp;Nikolai Spassov ,&nbsp;Alessandra Vecino Gazabón ,&nbsp;Clément Zanolli ,&nbsp;Aude Bergeret-Medina ,&nbsp;Damiano Marchi ,&nbsp;Roberto Macchiarelli ,&nbsp;Bernard Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103557","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103557"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141452213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogenetic comparative analysis of suspensory adaptations in primates","authors":"Jeffrey K. Spear","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of suspensory locomotion in primates has been of great interest to biological anthropologists since the early 20th century due to the contentious hypothesis that suspension in hominoids may have been a preadaptation for bipedalism. Studies of fossil hominoids regularly look for traits (or lack thereof) indicative of suspension, but many fossils exhibit potentially confusing mosaics of traits, and there is ongoing debate regarding whether certain traits are truly associated with suspension or whether they might more accurately represent allometric trends, developmental byproducts, or adaptation to cautious climbing. Here, I test the association between 27 morphological traits and forelimb suspension in extant primates using phylogenetically informed comparative methods, a broad comparative sample (nearly 1500 individuals representing 74 genera), and a systematic review of behavioral literature. I find that clavicle length, olecranon length, mediolateral scapula breadth (but not craniocaudal height), and glenoid and scapula spine angle are all strongly associated with suspension. The association is strongest for clavicle and olecranon lengths when the ‘suspensory’ category is highly exclusive, whereas it is strongest for scapula breadth, glenoid angle, and spine angle when the category is highly inclusive (i.e., also including taxa that use only limited amounts of suspension). Humeral head height above the greater tuberosity appears to be associated with nonquadrupedal locomotion generally rather than suspension specifically. Insertions for the biceps and deltoid muscles are significantly more distal in suspensory taxa only when size-standardized by a body size proxy, not when standardized by the length of the load arm. Overall, a majority of hypothesized traits are not actually associated with suspension in a phylogenetic comparative context. Morphological adaptations that do characterize suspension are expressed in a mosaic fashion that depends on the degree of suspension practiced, other behaviors used, and evolutionary history. Most of these traits may be related to an enhanced range of motion at the shoulder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103616"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hominin fossil inventory: Quantification and comparison of discrete regional and element representation among early African fossil hominins prior to the emergence of Homo erectus","authors":"Ryan T. McRae ,&nbsp;Bernard Wood","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For all but the past few hundred thousand years, skeletal and dental morphology is the only evidence we have of our extinct ancestors and close hominin relatives. With a few exceptions, most lists of early hominin fossils have been assembled for single sites, formations, or taxa, with little attention paid to how different regions of the skeleton contribute to taxon hypodigms. We recognize there are different ways to divide up the hominin fossil record into taxa, but here, we present an inventory of the fossil evidence for the hypodigms of 14 early African hominin taxa that predate the emergence of <em>Homo erectus.</em> The hypodigms are limited to specimens that have been published and unambiguously attributed to a species. We use a novel, fine-resolution coding scheme that allows us to provide detailed counts of element and subelement abundance by taxon. We then compare the element counts of the taxon hypodigms with each other and with a novel standard based on a perfectly preserved skeleton we refer to as ‘hominin expected.’ The resulting hypodigms generally support commonly held assumptions about the early hominin fossil record (e.g., teeth dominate the hypodigms of all taxa), but they do not support the conventional wisdom that there are differences in the regional representation of the hypodigms of taxa that are found exclusively in eastern versus southern Africa. These data and analyses are a first step in exploring the differences in the composition of early hominin hypodigms. They will allow researchers to focus their comparative research on skeletal regions that are well-represented in the early hominin fossil record, as well as serve as tools for developing and addressing hypodigm-scale hypotheses that are central to our understanding of hominin evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103615"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maxilla of Siamopithecus eocaenus (Anthropoidea, Primates) from the Paleogene of Krabi, Thailand, and its taxonomic status","authors":"Yaowalak Chaimanee ,&nbsp;Sasa-On Khansubha ,&nbsp;Olivier Chavasseau ,&nbsp;Arnaud Mazurier ,&nbsp;Jean-Jacques Jaeger","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detailed descriptions of the maxillae of <em>Siamopithecus eocaenus</em>, discovered from the latest Eocene/earliest Oligocene lignite mine in the Krabi basin of Peninsular Thailand, are presented. They include the morphology of P³–M³, the palate, a partial orbital region, and the zygomatic root. The specimen exhibits distinctive dental features including a single-rooted P² alveolus, a protocone on the P³ and P⁴, and a true hypocone on the upper molars, indicating its derived anthropoid dentition. Comparative studies and virtual reconstructions of the facial anatomy reveal close affinities with diurnal anthropoids rather than the notharctid strepsirrhines. The reconstructed facial morphology of <em>Siamopithecus</em> displays a short and subvertically oriented face, significant orbital convergence (72.1°), and frontation (81.6°), distinguishing it from both fossil and extant strepsirrhines. Moreover, the presence of a thin bony lamina extending from the distal part of the upper preserved area of the zygomatic suggests partial or complete postorbital closure. Phylogenetic analyses suggest an affiliation with amphipithecids, but recent morphological observations challenge this, leading to the proposal of an elevated family-group ranking, Siamopithecidae. Comparison with the most primitive known Afro-Arabian propliopithecid, the Taqah propliopithecid from Oman, reveals similarities in their molar structure but differences in dental formula (retention of P2) and premolar structure. The abrupt appearance of propliopithecids in the early Oligocene of Afro-Arabia, without a local ancestor, contributes to the debate on whether catarrhine origins were in Asia or Africa. However, alternative views, based on sister-group relationships with oligopithecids, support an African origin of propliopithecids from an undocumented Afro-Arabian region. This research provides new insights into the evolutionary history of early anthropoids, suggesting a complex biogeographical scenario involving both Asian and African lineages.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103614"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrodeformation and functional anatomy of a cranial thoracic vertebra in Nacholapithecus kerioi","authors":"Yasuhiro Kikuchi ,&nbsp;Hideki Amano ,&nbsp;Naomichi Ogihara ,&nbsp;Masato Nakatsukasa ,&nbsp;Yoshihiko Nakano ,&nbsp;Daisuke Shimizu ,&nbsp;Yutaka Kunimatsu ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Tsujikawa ,&nbsp;Tomo Takano ,&nbsp;Hidemi Ishida","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103613","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 103613"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New primates from the middle Eocene of the Sand Wash Basin, northwestern Colorado","authors":"Rachel H. Dunn","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103612","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103612","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transition between the Bridgerian and Uintan North American Land Mammal Ages of the middle Eocene is a pivotal time in the evolution of modern mammal ecosystems in North America, marking the beginning of a global cooling trend that led to the recession of tropical forests and gradual faunal turnover on the continent. However, few mammalian faunas are known from this time period, leading to difficulty characterizing and recognizing early Uintan faunal assemblages. The Sand Wash Basin in northwestern Colorado has been suggested to yield fossil faunas of early Uintan age, but fossils from the Sand Wash Basin have not been formally described since the 1970s despite active field work in the region. Here, I describe plesiadapiform and euprimate fossils from the Sand Wash Basin and compare them to other late Bridgerian and early Uintan North American primate assemblages. The Sand Wash Basin primate fauna comprises five species, all of which are known from the Washakie Basin in Wyoming. The presence of <em>Ourayia uintensis</em> suggests that at least some fossil localities within the Sand Wash Basin yield fossils that are Uintan in age; however, the rarity of primates and lack of a stratigraphic context in which to interpret localities make it difficult to determine whether some may be older.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 103612"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142645138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The human remains of Final Gravettian age from the Reclau Viver and Mollet III caves (Serinyà, NE Iberian Peninsula)","authors":"Joaquim Soler ,&nbsp;Isaac Rufí ,&nbsp;Neus Coromina ,&nbsp;Alba Solés ,&nbsp;Dorothée G. Drucker ,&nbsp;Narcís Soler","doi":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jhevol.2024.103603","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54805,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Evolution","volume":"197 ","pages":"Article 103603"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}