Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics最新文献

{"title":"Nutrition Status of People Experiencing Homelessness Residing in Temporary Accommodation in London","authors":"Hannah Style, Victoria Vickerstaff, Adrian Brown","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>London has the highest proportion of people experiencing homelessness (PEH) living in temporary accommodation in the United Kingdom. PEH have poorer health outcomes, greater dietary inequalities, and die younger than the general population. Despite this, little is known about the nutrition status of PEH. This study aimed to examine the dietary health inequalities experienced by PEH in London, specifically assessing malnutrition among PEH living in temporary accommodation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This was a prospective cross-sectional study in 18 hostels in London. Participants were recruited from the temporary accommodation in which they resided through a combination of purposive, snowballing and convenience sampling. Demographic information was gathered, including age, gender, ethnicity and hostel of residence. The primary outcome was malnutrition risk assessed by the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool (MUST), other outcomes included body composition, dietary intake and quality, mental health and food insecurity. Ethical approval was obtained from the University College London Ethics Committee (16191/006).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Two hundred participants were recruited between July and December 2023. The majority were male (84.5%), were of White ethnicity (61%), with a mean (SD) age of 45.7 years (11.6) and a BMI of 23.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (4.7). The median MUST score was 2 (interquartile range [IQR]: 0.0, 3.0), and 60% had a risk of malnutrition. The median mental health score was 6 (3.0, 10.0), with 55% having moderate to severe depression/anxiety. Median food security score was low (4.5 [(0.0, 8.0]), with 44% experiencing very low food security. The median dietary quality score was low (8.0 [6.0, 9.0]) with low intakes of energy, fibre, and micronutrients, including vitamin D, iron, folate, and calcium, with a higher intake of free sugars compared with UK dietary recommendations and intakes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is the first study to show that PEH living in temporary residences had a high risk of malnutrition and experienced dietary inequalities related to poor diet quality and severe food insecurity. There is an urgent need for improved food environments, dietary quality of donated foods and improved nutrition screening and nutrition support provision for PEH in temporary accommodation. Findings could help inform policymakers, health services and food aid charities to set nutrition standards for temporary accommodation to prom","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jhn.70024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation of Healthy and Unhealthy Plant-Based Diet Propensity Scores in European Children, Adolescents and Adults From the I.Family Study","authors":"Guiomar Masip,&nbsp;Jantje Goerdten,&nbsp;Tooba Asif,&nbsp;Antje Hebestreit,&nbsp;Monica Hunsberger,&nbsp;Lauren Lissner,&nbsp;Denes Molnar,&nbsp;Valeria Pala,&nbsp;Paola Russo,&nbsp;Michael Tornaritis,&nbsp;Toomas Veidebaum,&nbsp;Maike Wolters,&nbsp;Luis A. Moreno,&nbsp;Leonie H. Bogl","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Plant-based dietary patterns may reduce the risk of chronic diseases, but their benefits and risks in younger populations remain unclear due to variations in diet quality and nutrient adequacy. Robust tools to assess adherence to these patterns are essential. The aim of this study was to develop and validate three plant-based diet propensity (PBDP) scores – overall, healthy and unhealthy – to capture plant-based dietary patterns and assess their associations with nutrient intakes and health indicators in children, adolescents and adults.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This cross-sectional study of children, adolescents and adults used data from the I.Family study (<i>n</i> = 15,780 participants) from eight European countries. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire. The overall PBDP score was constructed by categorising all plant-based food groups as positive and animal-based food groups as negative. The healthy PBDP emphasised healthy plant-based food groups, whereas the unhealthy PBDP emphasised less healthy plant-based food groups. Validity was assessed through correlations with nutrient intakes and comparison across demographic groups. Associations with health indicators were also analysed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PBDP scores showed expected associations with nutrient intakes. Higher overall and healthy PBDP scores were observed in females, adults, individuals with higher parental educational levels and those from Belgium and Spain. The healthy PBDP score was associated with higher HDL cholesterol, improved bone stiffness and lower triglycerides. The unhealthy PBDP score was associated with lower HDL cholesterol in adults, but not in children or adolescents.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>PBDP scores describe plant-based dietary patterns across demographic groups and are valid and reliable in adults. The findings highlight challenges in assessing dietary patterns in children and adolescents. Future research should address these challenges to enhance the validity of PBDP scores in younger populations and further explore their potential in guiding dietary recommendations across all age groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors Affecting Healthcare Professionals' Decision-Making Around Parenteral Nutrition in Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review","authors":"Jennifer McCracken,&nbsp;Sabrina Bajwah,&nbsp;Clare Shaw","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Many factors beyond clinical guidelines may influence healthcare professionals' (HCPs) decision-making. This systematic review aims to identify the factors that affect HCPs decision-making around parenteral nutrition (PN) in advanced cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A literature search was conducted by May 2023 via MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, PubMed, Web of Knowledge and PROSPERO. Fourteen additional papers were identified. Two reviewers independently screened all papers with consensus reached on inclusion. Three reviewers conducted quality appraisal independently. Reference checking and citation tracking were completed for all included papers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of 458 papers identified, 5 papers met the eligibility criteria (3 online surveys, 2 qualitative studies). All papers were European. Papers were published between 2020 and 2023. Six themes were identified as affecting decision-making: clinical indications, quality of life, hope, the multidisciplinary team, barriers to facilitating home PN and the influence of relatives. Performance status was a commonly considered indicator of suitability for home PN. PN is more common for people with advanced cancer and intestinal failure (IF) in the UK. Barriers to providing PN included unclear clinical indication, colleague objections, lack of local expertise and poor communication between HCPs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Collaborative working and effective communication are essential between acute services, IF centres and community services to facilitate decision-making around PN in advanced cancer. It is important for HCPs to set realistic expectations. Communication must be sensitive to the patient's values and culture.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143248662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Home Enteral Tube-Feeding on the Intent and Experience of Going Out in Public: A Qualitative Study on Patients' and Caregivers' Perspectives","authors":"Yan Shan Lee,&nbsp;Nafisah Zulkifli,&nbsp;Yi Huan Lim,&nbsp;Shinee Ying Yi Lim,&nbsp;Benjamin Jian Wen Chow,&nbsp;Ennaliza Salazar,&nbsp;Seng Mun Wong","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jhn.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals on tube-feeding experience significant lifestyle changes and social isolation, but the barriers and support for travelling out while on tube-feeding to reintegrate into the community have not been studied. This research explores the factors influencing the decisions of individuals on tube-feeding and their carers to travel outside of their homes, their experiences, and perceived barriers and support when performing tube-feeding in public settings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A qualitative design using purposive sampling explored the experiences of three individuals and five carers living at home on long-term tube-feeding. One-to-one semi-structured interviews were conducted and transcribed. Thematic analysis was conducted via open coding and merging of recurring codes to form themes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Six themes emerged: (1) Motivators and deterrents to going out: Motivators include desire for social normalcy. Deterrents include physical health, logistics and psychosocial considerations, such as fear of negative public perception and the loss of travelling and dining as motivating social activities. (2) Going out requires meticulous preparation and planning. (3) Inadequate tube-feeding facilities in the community contribute to ambivalence and discomfort to tube-feeding outside. Participants must accept potential negative emotions when confronted with public reaction to tube-feeding. (4) Ideal tube-feeding facilities should be private and hygienic, in highly frequented locations. (5) Community support and awareness are needed to support tube-feeding. (6) Adaptability is crucial when satisfactory feeding locations are absent during local and overseas travel.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Carers and healthcare professionals are pivotal in encouraging patients to disregard public curiosity, planning tube-feeding logistics, and advocating for the right to tube feed in public spaces without shame. Public awareness, carer support, and availability of tube-feeding facilities should be improved for patients to live, work and engage meaningfully in the community.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How Sustainable Are Hospital Menus in the United Kingdom? Identifying Untapped Potential Based on a Novel Scoring System for Plant-Based Provisions","authors":"Isabelle Sadler,&nbsp;Alexander Bauer,&nbsp;Shireen Kassam","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Adopting plant-forward diets is essential for achieving climate targets. As the second-largest provider of public sector meals in the UK, the National Health Service (NHS) can significantly reduce its environmental impact by transitioning to plant-forward menus, contributing to its goal of being a net-zero healthcare service by 2045. This study evaluates the extent to which NHS hospitals currently align with sustainable practices by assessing the plant-forward nature of in-patient menus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Green Plans from 40 hospital trusts were analysed to assess commitment to plant-forward, lower-emission menus. Freedom of Information requests were sent to 50 NHS trusts, and 36 menus from the spring/summer season of 2024 were analysed. A novel scoring system was developed to assess the hospital menus, with subscores reflecting the availability of plant-based meals, ruminant-meat meals, and menu strategies to encourage plant-forward choices.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Green Plans showed limited commitment to increasing plant-based food options. Hospital menus scored poorly overall (average score of 20/100, range: 9–38). The lowest subscores were observed in the provision of fully plant-based meals and nudging techniques. The provision of ruminant meat varied (subscore range: 0–100) and all hospitals included processed meat on their menu. Hospitals with outsourced catering scored higher than those with in-house catering.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Despite national recommendations to shift towards plant-forward diets, NHS hospitals currently show little commitment and provide limited offerings in this regard. The novel scoring system offers a practical framework for monitoring progress and guiding hospitals towards environmentally sustainable, plant-forward menus.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jhn.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143082076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Dietitians' Experience of Blended Tube Feed in Paediatric Inpatient Settings: National Cross-Sectional Survey, United Kingdom","authors":"Graeme O'Connor,&nbsp;Shelley Cleghorn,&nbsp;Maleena Salam,&nbsp;Kelly Watson","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70016","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70016","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Enteral tube feeding is used for children who are unable to meet their nutritional requirements orally. Gastrointestinal symptoms are some complications that can occur in enteral tube-fed patients. Blended tube feeds (BTFs) for children who are gastrotomy tube-fed have significantly increased in the last decade. BTF refers to homemade food that has been liquidised for enteral tube feeds. An increasing amount of evidence suggests that children on BTF have improved feed tolerance. It is unknown whether children admitted to a hospital established on a BTF can continue a BTF due to the potential barriers such as catering processes, staffing hours (limited to syringe bolus feeding) and food safety concerns. This national cross-sectional survey aimed to explore the use of BTF in a paediatric hospital setting.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This was a prospective, cross-sectional, practice-based survey of registered paediatric dietitians who work in an inpatient care setting to explore the use of BTF. The final survey consisted of 13 questions and took dietitians approximately 15 min to complete. The questions focused on the dietitian's experience, knowledge and confidence in children on a BTF.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Across the United Kingdom, 51 hospitals completed the survey. Of these, 16 of 19 were specialist children's hospitals (79% response rate) and 35 of 89 were general paediatric hospitals (39% response rate). All responders were paediatric dietitians. 49 of 51 (96%) dietitians knew of the British Dietetic Association (BDA) Practice Toolkit for Blended diets. Dietitians were asked to estimate on average per month how many children were admitted on a BTF; 41% (21 of 51) of dietitians reported that on average there are one to five children admitted on a BTF. There was no significant difference in the number of children admitted on a BTF between a specialist and a general children's hospital (&lt;i&gt;χ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; statistic = 4.96, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; value &lt; 0.08). The number of dietitians who had clinical guidelines to support children admitted on a BTF was 49% (25 of 51). Specialist children's hospitals were more likely to have a clinical guideline compared with a general hospital (χ&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; statistic = 6.348, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; value = 0.01). However, only 18 of 51 (35%) dietitians reported being confident or very confident to review a child on a BTF. The most common perceived benefit was that parents/carers could incorporate family foods into their child's diet. 26% reported that a varied diet was beneficial in relation to the gut microbiome. If a BTF was contraindicated for children admitted to a hospital (immunocompromised, post-pyloric feedi","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telemedicine in Coeliac Disease: In-Person Appointments Are Favoured by Patients With a Lower Education Attainment and Lower Household Income","authors":"Yvonne Jeanes,&nbsp;Lidia Orlandi,&nbsp;Humayun Muhammad,&nbsp;Sue Reeves","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70014","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A gluten-free (GF) diet, the only treatment for people living with coeliac disease (CD), is challenging, and international guidelines highlight the valuable role of healthcare professionals in enabling self-management. The study aimed to explore the acceptability of telephone and online video consultations for adults with CD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A cross-sectional study consisting of an online and paper survey was promoted to adults with CD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Data from 496 adults with CD (87% female, 96% White) are presented, and 44% were adhering to the GF diet. Over half (58%) were very confident in understanding food labels from supermarkets, whereas only 38% were very confident when shopping online. The largest proportion of patients preferred in-person healthcare appointments for CD (44%), with 20% reporting no preference and 21% preferring telephone appointments. Only 15% preferred online video consultations; of these, 97% were confident with online technology. A higher proportion of patients from a lower household income requested ‘in-person’ appointments compared with those with a higher income (65% vs. 45% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01)). Likewise, 58% of patients without a degree qualification requested ‘in-person’ appointments compared with 45% of degree-educated patients (<i>p</i> = 0.027).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We highlight a significant proportion of adults with CD prefer an in-person appointment. The paper survey enabled the views of a broader range of digitally confident patients to contribute to the study. With a global shift towards telemedicine and online resources, access and digital literacy is an important consideration for equitable healthcare to optimize patient self-management of the GF diet.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773122/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"‘The Weight of Expectation’–How Weight Stigma Is Impacting Dietetic Practice","authors":"Adrian Brown,&nbsp;Stuart W. Flint,&nbsp;Lauren Ball","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70017","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Patterns Among Canadian Caucasians and Their Association With Chronic Conditions","authors":"Pardis Keshavarz,&nbsp;Ginny Lane,&nbsp;Punam Pahwa,&nbsp;Jessica Lieffers,&nbsp;Hassan Vatanparast","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70013","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Understanding the dietary patterns of populations is crucial in addressing chronic health conditions that are influenced by diet and lifestyle. We aimed to identify the dietary patterns among adult Caucasian Canadians and examine their associations with socioeconomic and sociodemographic factors and chronic health conditions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We used two comprehensive national nutrition surveys: Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS)2015 and CCHS Cycle 2.2 Nutrition 2004, which encompass sociodemographic and socioeconomic profiles, nutrient-rich food diet quality scores and prevalence of chronic conditions. Through cluster analysis, dietary patterns were identified among Caucasians and further analysed with stratification by age/sex groups.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our analysis of dietary patterns among Caucasian adults showed a transition from “High-Fibre” and “Mixed” patterns in 2004 to “Unhealthy,” “Healthy-like” and “Potato, Beef and Vegetables” in 2015. In 2004, the “Mixed” pattern was prevalent, but by 2015, a shift towards the “Unhealthy” pattern was notable, with a significant portion of the population, 18.8%, reporting chronic diseases and 19.6% being classified as obese. The “Healthy-like” pattern in 2015 saw lower rates of chronic diseases (6.8%) and obesity (6.1%). Gender-specific patterns showed women favoring healthier options like “Healthy-like” in 2015. The prevalence of chronic diseases and obesity varied significantly with dietary patterns. The “High-Fibre” pattern in 2004 showed lower prevalence rates of chronic diseases (6.6%) and obesity (5.8%) compared to the “Unhealthy” pattern in 2015.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The findings highlight the impact of dietary choices on health outcomes over time, underscoring the importance of promoting healthier eating habits to mitigate the risk of chronic diseases and obesity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malnutrition Diagnosed by Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment and the Risk of All-Cause Mortality in Adults With Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Awole Seid,&nbsp;Zelalem Debebe,&nbsp;Abebe Ayelign,&nbsp;Melsew Abeje,&nbsp;Bilal Shikur Endris,&nbsp;Mathewos Assefa,&nbsp;Ahmedin Jemal","doi":"10.1111/jhn.70012","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jhn.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Several reviews have highlighted that the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is the best diagnostic tool for assessing nutritional status in cancer patients. However, previous meta-analyses summarizing the prevalence of malnutrition and overall survival in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer are quite limited. This study aims to determine the overall prevalence and association between malnutrition, as defined by the PG-SGA, and mortality in adults with GI cancer.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A comprehensive systematic review of articles published from 2005 to 2023 was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Sciences and Scopus. The PRISMA guideline was followed to organize the entire content. A random-effects meta-analysis model using R Studio was performed to quantify the pooled proportion and hazard ratios (HRs). Publication bias was assessed using Egger's test and funnel plots. Heterogeneity was evaluated using <i>I</i>² and Baujat plots. This study was registered in PROSPERO under the protocol number CRD42023465685.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, 46 publications with 23,235 participants were included in the final meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of malnutrition among adults with GI cancer, as determined by the PG-SGA, was 61% (95% CI: 51%–70%, <i>I</i>² = 99%). The pooled prevalence of moderate and severe malnutrition were 38% (95% CI: 31%–45%, <i>I</i>² = 96%) and 21% (95% CI: 13%–31%, <i>I</i>² = 98%), respectively. By cancer type, malnutrition was more common in patients with oesophageal cancer (78%, 95% CI: 45%–94%, <i>I</i>² = 99%) and gastric cancer (75%, 95% CI: 68%–81%, <i>I</i>² = 87%). Additionally, the overall risk (pooled HR) of malnutrition on mortality among GI cancer patients was 2.02 (95% CI: 1.63–2.5, <i>I</i>² = 23%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Malnutrition is common in adults with GI cancer and doubles the risk of all-cause mortality. These results emphasize the importance of ongoing efforts in prevention, early assessment, and intervention for malnutrition to minimize mortality rates.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54803,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}