Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie最新文献

{"title":"Which of the nine facial profiles according to AM Schwarz is the most (un)attractive?","authors":"F Kunz, N F Nordblom, B Goetz, L Fenger, A Stellzig-Eisenhauer","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00584-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00584-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The human profile has always been fascinating to artists, scientists, and physicians. In the mid 20th century, AM Schwarz created a profile analysis for orthodontics, which categorizes both the sagittal position of the midface as well as the position of the chin, and is still widely used today. In combination, this analysis leads to nine different profile types, which are assumed to differ in terms of their attractiveness. Since there has been hardly any scientific research in this area so far, the aim of this study was to quantify the attractiveness of the nine profile types according to AM Schwarz.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The \"Basel face model\" is a three-dimensional (3D) facial dataset that was created artificially by morphing a total of 100 female and 100 male 3D face scans. For the present study, this face model was modified to ideally represent all nine profile types according to AM Schwarz. The representation of those nine facial models depicted in a standardized lateral perspective were assessed in terms of attractiveness by 1261 volunteers of different ages and educational level. The ratings were statistically analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) and pairwise comparisons.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed significant differences in attractiveness regarding the nine profile types. Average faces were perceived significantly more attractive than antefaces and these in turn were perceived more attractive than retrofaces. Furthermore, straight and backward-slanting profiles were rated significantly more attractive than forward-slanting profiles. There were no clinically relevant differences between the assessments of males and females or between raters of different educational levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The perceived attractiveness of the nine profile types according to AM Schwarz differed significantly. This perception did not seem to be affected by gender or the level of education.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel approach to three-dimensional intermaxillary skeletal assessment : Correlation between the ANB angle and the bisector Wits appraisal.","authors":"M Serafin, B Baldini, O Rossi, G Perrotti, A Caprioglio","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00583-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00583-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study aimed to compare and correlate the ANB angle with the bisector Wits appraisal for a three-dimensional (3D) assessment of the maxillomandibular sagittal relationship using a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) dataset.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>After outlier removal, 351 CBCT scans were chosen based on inclusion criteria (high quality, full-cranium field of view [FOV], slice thickness 150-300 μm) and analyzed using 3DSlicer software (Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA, version 5.2.2). Eight anatomical landmarks were manually annotated, identified on axial views, and confirmed on the rendered volume image. The coordinates of each landmark were exported and the ANB (°) and bisector-Wits (mm) measurements were constructed. Dahlberg's D tested the intraobserver reliability and two-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was executed to assess normality and to select the subsequent tests. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) was utilized to correlate the angular (ANB) and linear (bisector-Wits) measurements, whereas the Siegel estimator for nonparametric linear regression was employed to establish norm values by the correlation equation. Significance was set at p < 0.05 with correlation coefficients exceeding ρ > 0.70 deemed clinically relevant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High (ρ = 0.773) and statistically significant (p < 0.001) correlations between the ANB and bisector-Wits measurements were found. The obtained equation was the following: bisector-Wits = 1.06 × ANB - 6.32. Therefore, the obtained rounded norm range for bisector-Wits for skeletal class I sagittal relationship was determined to be from -6.3 to -2.1 mm (-4.2 ± 2.1 mm). Values less than -6.3 mm correspond to a class III, whereas greater than -2.1 mm correspond to a class II skeletal relationship.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed a statistically significant correlation between the ANB and bisector-Wits. From a 3D perspective, the bisector-Wits represents a reliable parameter to assess maxilla-mandibular skeletal discrepancies instead of the ANB angle, also adhering to radioprotection principles by limiting the FOV to the maxillary complex only and potentially reducing the radiation exposure in CBCT-based cephalometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of archwire size on the rate of canine retraction in adult women : A randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Aml Saeed Mohamed Abdelkader, Mohamed Abd El-Ghafour, Heba Mohamed Dehis, Fouad Aly El Sharaby, Amr H Labib","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00577-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00577-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The purpose of the present study was to investigate the rate of upper canine retraction utilizing three different sizes of archwires.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In all, 36 upper canines of 18 adult females (21 ± 5 years) were allocated into three-arm parallel groups where canine retraction was attempted. In the first group (G16) 0.016-0.022-inch stainless steel wires (SS) were applied, in the second group (G17) 0.017-0.025-inch SS, and in the third group (G19) 0.019-0.025-inch SS, respectively. The eligibility criteria included patients with maxillary dentoalveolar protrusion that required extraction of first premolars as part of their treatment, mild crowding (< 5 mm), and full permanent dentition. Patients with active periodontal disease, systemic disease, medications or habits that would affect tooth movement were excluded. Randomization was performed using computer-generated numbers and the participants were allocated to each group according to their number in the randomization sheet. Canines were retracted using a closed nickel-titanium coil spring applying 1.5 N retraction force. The primary outcome of the study was the rate of canine retraction measured on three-dimensional (3D) digital models. Secondary outcomes were changes in canine tipping and root length that were assessed with CBCT scans, and the amount of first molar anchorage loss measured on the 3D digital models. The study was double blinded in which both the participants and the outcome assessor were blinded. Data were analyzed using ANOVA for the three groups. Paired sample t-test was used within each group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 canines were analyzed: 12 in G16, 10 in G17, and 10 in G19. The average distance moved by the canines per month was 0.9 ± 0.89, 0.68 ± 0.81, and 0.76 ± 0.98 mm in G16, G17, and G19, respectively, with no statistically significant difference between the three groups (P = 0.2). A statistically significant root resorption was observed in G19 compared to the other two groups (P = 0.024). Additionally, anchorage loss was greater in G17 and G19 compared to G16. A nonsignificant difference was detected between the three groups regarding the change in canine tipping. No harms were reported during the trial.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Archwire sizes utilized in the current study showed no significant effect on the rate of canine retraction or tipping. However, wires with large sizes had more adverse effects with respect to root resorption and anchorage loss.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered at Clinicaltrials.gov with ID: NCT04020952.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life: insights from children with and without hypodontia.","authors":"Farnaz Duisterwinkel, Wim P Krijnen, Bart J Polder, Yijin Ren, Anne Marie Kuijpers-Jagtman","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00580-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00580-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of malocclusion on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and to compare the impact of malocclusion in children with and without hypodontia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 10-16 years with ≥ 5 missing teeth and without hypodontia completed the Malocclusion Impact Questionnaire (MIQ) to assess the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL. The Child Perception Questionnaire 11-14 years short form (CPQ11-14-ISF16) was used to verify the validity of the MIQ. Demographic and orthodontic data were collected. Internal consistency and validity of the MIQ were analyzed. MIQ scores were compared using an independent t‑test. Regression analysis was performed to identify predictors of the MIQ score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 92 participants completed the MIQ, and 52 participants the CPQ11-14-ISF16. The MIQ showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α 0.89) and good criterion validity with CPQ11-14-ISF16 (r = 0.58). No significant difference in the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL between the groups (p = 0.15) was found. Age (p < 0.05), sex (p < 0.001), and general appearance (p < 0.001) significantly predicted OHRQoL scores in the regression analysis. Multilevel analysis showed that the group and age effects were nonsignificant and that sex and general appearance were predictive for the MIQ score.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that the MIQ is a useful tool to assess the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL in the orthodontic field. Differences in the impact of malocclusion on OHRQoL between children with and without hypodontia of ≥ 5 teeth were limited. It may be beneficial delaying treatment until the patient expresses a subjective treatment need which may reduce overtreatment of children with hypodontia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143674843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contribution of skeletal and dentoalveolar vertical components in the hypodivergent facial growth pattern : An observational study.","authors":"Nicolas Nassar, Nayla Bassil-Nassif, Roland Kmeid, Pascale Salameh, Jospeh Bouserhal","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00582-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00582-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This observational study aimed to explore the association of various vertical skeletal and dentoalveolar components with the hypodivergence facial growth pattern in a Middle Eastern population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 320 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Middle Eastern adults were selected and divided, based on their vertical facial growth pattern, equally into two groups: 1) hypodivergent (GoGn/SN ≤ 28°) and 2) normodivergent (28° <GoGn/SN < 36°). Each group comprised 160 subjects: 80 females and 80 males. A customized cephalometric analysis was performed using the software Viewbox 4 (version 4.0, Viewbox, dHAL Software, Kifissia, Greece). Landmark references were digitized on the cephalometric radiographs to measure vertical skeletal and dentoalveolar variables in the anterior and posterior maxillary and mandibular regions. Multiple regression analyses were performed with SPSS® statistics software (version 17.0, IBM, Chicago, IL, USA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hypodivergence was primarily determined by the skeletal vertical components, while dentoalveolar components were less important. The main contributors were posterior facial height (S-Go) with 50.0% for males and 46.6% for females, anterior facial height (N-Me) with 47.0% for males and 45.9% for females, as well as the ramus length (Co-Go), ranging from 29.9 to 32.5% for males and 24.3% for females. There was no significant gender-related dimorphism in the evaluated cephalometric components.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The main contributing factors to hypodivergence were the skeletal mandibular components. Dentoalveolar heights contributed minimally to hypodivergence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can MRI be a potential substitute for CT in cephalometric analysis for radiation-free diagnoses?","authors":"Nalla Maheswara Rao, Navadeep Kaur, Shailendra Singh Rana, Abhishek Gupta, Sharvari Vichare, Anjana Rajagopalan, J Sivaraman, Kunal Pal, Bala Chakravarthy Neelapu","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00576-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00576-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The primary objective of this study was to investigate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) usage over computed tomography (CT) to perform three-dimensional (3D) cephalometric analyses. The secondary objective is to find intra- and interobserver reliability of manual cephalometric landmarks identification in both CT and MRI scan data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 40 patients were used in this study, with orthodontists manually identifying 37 landmarks on both CT and MRI scans. The interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated individually for both CT and MRI scan data to find intra- and interobserver reliability. In addition to ICC, paired t‑test and mean error were also calculated. Ground truth landmarks were calculated by considering the mean values of manually located 37 landmarks by observers for both CT and MRI. Thirty-seven cephalometric measurements (29 linear, 6 angular, and 2 ratios) were measured using 37 ground truth landmarks. Mean error (ME) between CT and MRI measurements was calculated and paired t‑test was performed to find the reliability of MRI usage over CT. Bland-Altman analysis was also performed on the measurements to check the agreement between CT and MRI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intra- and interobserver reliability was found to be reliable (ICC > 0.98, and P > 0.05) for all 37 landmarks in both CT and MRI. The ME for linear measurements was found to be 1.81 mm for hard tissue, 1.72 mm for soft tissue, and 1.53° for hard tissue angular measurements between CT and MRI. The paired t‑test performed on measurements between CT and MRI proved to be statistically insignificant (p > 0.05). The Bland-Altman analysis also showed strong agreement and low systemic bias between CT and MRI data.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The strong ICC and P values shows the high reliability and reproducibility of manual landmark identification on both CT and MRI. The ME for the linear and angular measurements between CT and MRI was found to be well within acceptable limits. The results of paired t‑test and Bland-Altman analyses for cephalometric measurements between CT and MRI has shown strong evidence supporting the use of MRI as a substitute for CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is simultaneous placement of orthodontic mini-implants and skeletally anchored appliances advisable? : CBCT-based cadaver study comparing the accuracy of the digital workflow with methods requiring two visits.","authors":"Till Augustinowitz, Lucia Schiavon, Katharina Mücke, Beryl Schwarz-Herzke, Dieter Drescher, Giulia Brunello, Kathrin Becker","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00578-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00578-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>For the fabrication of an orthodontic mini-implant (OMI)-borne appliance, the position of the inserted OMI can be detected by a silicone impression or an intraoral scan (IOS). In case of digital planning, it can be taken over from the planning and the appliance can be produced in advance. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of these three techniques and whether there is an association with the insertion angle.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two OMIs were digitally planned and placed in the anterior palate of 11 human cadavers with different insertion angles. Subsequently, the position of each OMI was detected by an IOS, a silicone impression, and a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan, whereby the CBCT scan was set as \"real position\". The measurements of accuracy were performed between the CBCT data as a reference and the preoperative digital planning, the IOS and the plaster model manufactured from the silicone impression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The IOS was the most accurate in detecting the Top (mean deviation 0.14 mm) and the Apex (mean deviation 0.36 mm) of the OMIs. Significant linear deviations between the three modalities were registered for both Top (p < 0.001) and Apex (p = 0.010). The digital planning procedure achieved the lowest mean angular deviation of 3.7° and was significantly more accurate in this respect than the IOS (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All methods were subject to small, but clinically irrelevant deviations. Within the limitations of a cadaver study, all methods appear to be suitable for clinical use. However, the digital workflow could be advantageous, requiring only a single visit for OMI placement and simultaneous appliance fitting.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of six different CAD/CAM retainers vs. the stainless steel twistflex retainer: an in vitro investigation of survival rate and stability.","authors":"Christoph J Roser, Carolien Bauer, Lutz Hodecker, Andreas Zenthöfer, Christopher J Lux, Stefan Rues","doi":"10.1007/s00056-023-00486-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-023-00486-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To compare failure rates and maximum load capacity (F_max) of six different computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) retainers with those of the hand-bent five-stranded stainless steel twistflex retainer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Six groups (n = 8 per group) of commercially available CAD/CAM retainers (cobalt-chromium [CoCr], titanium grade 5 [Ti5], nickel-titanium [NiTi], zirconia [ZrO₂], polyetheretherketone [PEEK], and gold) and twistflex retainers were tested for long-term sufficiency and for F_max using a self-developed in vitro model. All retainer models underwent a simulated ageing process of about 15 years (1,200,000 chewing cycles with a force magnitude of 65 N at 45° followed by storage in water at 37 °C for 30 days). If retainers did not debond or break during ageing, their F_max was determined in a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analysed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U‑tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twistflex retainers did not fail (0/8) during ageing and had the highest F_max (445 N ± 51 N). Ti5 retainers were the only CAD/CAM retainers that also did not fail (0/8) and had similar F_max values (374 N ± 62 N). All other CAD/CAM retainers had higher failure rates during ageing and significantly lower F_max values (p < 0.01; ZrO₂: 1/8, 168 N ± 52 N; gold: 3/8, 130 N ± 52 N; NiTi: 5/8, 162 N ± 132 N; CoCr: 6/8, 122 N ± 100 N; PEEK: 8/8, 65 ± 0 N). Failure was due to breakage in the NiTi retainers and debonding in all other retainers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Twistflex retainers remain the gold standard regarding biomechanical properties and long-term sufficiency. Of the CAD/CAM retainers tested, Ti5 retainers seem to be the most suitable alternative. In contrast, all other CAD/CAM retainers investigated in this study showed high failure rates and had significantly lower F_max values.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"119-128"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861246/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9690769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a mobile phone application for the improvement of oral hygiene of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment : A randomized controlled clinical trial.","authors":"Nima Sheikh Davoodi, Ali Tayebi, Kasra Rahimipour, Mahban Zarei, Asieh Mozaffari, Monirsadat Mirzadeh, Reza Mousavi, Narges Bayat","doi":"10.1007/s00056-023-00492-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-023-00492-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a mobile phone application (app) to improve oral hygiene of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted with a total of 60 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in two groups: intervention and control (n = 30 each). A previously designed mobile app (Labkhand) was used by patients in the intervention group. Orthodontic plaque index (OPI) and modified gingival index (MGI) were recorded in the two groups at baseline (first session or T0), and after 1 (T1) and 3 (T2) months. The number of debonded/broken brackets was also recorded, and pain score of the patients was assessed at nine time points. Data were analyzed using the χ² test, paired t‑test, and repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA; α = 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two groups demonstrated no significant difference in OPI and MGI at T0 (P > 0.05). OPI and MGI at T1 and T2 were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The number of patients with broken brackets in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P = 0.017). The two groups reported no significant difference in pain score (P > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Labkhand mobile app successfully improved oral hygiene indices of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment, and decreased the frequency of broken brackets after 1 and 3 months of use.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"81-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10142948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the cleaning performance of commercial orthodontic cleaning tablets regarding biofilm removal on PMMA test specimens : An ex vivo study.","authors":"A Arndt-Fink, P-G Jost-Brinkmann","doi":"10.1007/s00056-023-00474-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-023-00474-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this ex vivo study was to compare the cleaning performance of three commercially available orthodontic cleaners on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) test specimens covered with biofilm.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty subjects wore an individually manufactured vacuum-formed maxillary splint with four integrated PMMA test specimens for 7 days. The four test specimens were located on the buccal surfaces of the maxillary molars. After a 7-day wearing period, the PMMA test specimens colonized by biofilm were divided into two halves. One half was placed in 150 ml of tap water or in 150 ml of cleaning solution of the cleaners Retainer Brite® (Dentsply International Raintree Essix, Sarasota, FL, USA), Kukis® Xpress (Reckitt Benckiser, Heidelberg, Germany) or Dontodent (Propack, Heidelberg, Germany) while the other half remained uncleaned. The modified o‑phthaldialdehyde (OPA) method was used to determine the amount of protein on both halves of the test specimens. The difference was tested for significance as a measure of the cleaning effect using a paired sample t‑test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cleaning performance of the three orthodontic cleaners was higher than the cleaning performance of tap water (mean 25.9 ± 6.5%). While Retainer Brite® (mean 54.5 ± 7.1%) removed significantly more biofilm than Dontodent (mean 41.5 ± 9.2%, p < 0.001) and Kukis® Xpress (mean 39.9 ± 11.5%, p < 0.001), there was no significant difference in the cleaning performance between Kukis® Xpress and Dontodent (p = 1).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Seven-day-old biofilm is only removed partially by the investigated orthodontic cleaners, so that they are not suitable as the only measure for removing established biofilms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"89-97"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861341/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9562181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}