Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie最新文献

{"title":"Superimposition of dental models to determine orthodontic tooth movements : Comparison of different superimposition methods in vitro and in vivo.","authors":"Jana Schmitz, Ludger Keilig, Nikolaos Daratsianos, Christoph Bourauel","doi":"10.1007/s00056-024-00513-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-024-00513-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Using a commercial orthodontic treatment planning system, tooth movements were simulated to analyse how precise predefined movements can be determined by three different superimposition methods. Additionally, a retrospective analysis on clinical patient models before and after orthodontic treatment was performed to analyse possible differences in determination of clinical tooth movements with these methods.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>(1) A hexapod system was used to perform the tooth movements in physical maxillary dental models (N = 70). The initial and final situations were scanned, superimpositions executed, movements calculated, and their accuracy compared to the predefined movements was determined. (2) Digital three-dimensional (3D) maxillary dental models representing pre- and postorthodontic treatment situations (N = 100 patients) were superimposed. Selected tooth movements were calculated (N = 3600), and the results of the different superimposition methods were compared pairwise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>(1) The experimental study delivered only small location and scale shifts. Furthermore, concordance correlation coefficients above 0.99 for all three methods. This verified that all methods deliver values corresponding well to the predefined movements. (2) The retrospective analysis of the clinically performed orthodontic tooth movements comparing pairwise the three different methods intraindividually also showed small location and scale shifts. Furthermore, concordance correlation coefficients between 0.68 and 0.98 were observed, with only three of them below 0.8. This verified that the applied superimposition methods delivered values sufficiently close to each other.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>As the experimental study showed very good agreement between the predefined and determined movements, and as the retrospective clinical study showed that the methods compared pairwise delivered values close to each other for the performed orthodontic tooth movements, it can be concluded that orthodontic tooth movements can be determined adequately correct by each of the examined methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"234-247"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139725060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of printing orientation on mechanical properties of 3D-printed orthodontic aligners.","authors":"Lukas Camenisch, Georgios Polychronis, Nearchos Panayi, Olga Makou, Spyridon N Papageorgiou, Spiros Zinelis, Theodore Eliades","doi":"10.1007/s00056-023-00511-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-023-00511-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess differences in the fundamental mechanical properties of resin-made three-dimensional (3D) printed orthodontic aligners according to the printing orientation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty resin 3D-printed dumbbell-shaped specimens and 20 orthodontic aligners were fabricated and postcured in nitrogen. Half of the specimens and aligners were built in horizontal (H), the other half in vertical (V) directions. The dumbbell-shaped specimens were loaded in a tensile testing machine, while parts of the aligners were embedded in acrylic resin, ground, polished, and then underwent instrumented indentation testing (IIT). Mechanical properties that were assessed included the yield strength (YS), breaking strength (BS), plastic strain (ε), Martens hardness (HM), indentation modulus (E_IT), elastic index (η_IT), and indentation relaxation (R_IT). Data were analyzed statistically with independent t‑tests or Mann-Whitney tests at α = 5%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences were found between specimens or aligners printed either in a horizontal or a vertical direction (P > 0.05 in all instances). Overall, the 3D-printed aligners showed acceptable mechanical propertied in terms of YS (mean 19.2 MPa; standard deviation [SD] 1.7 MPa), BS (mean 19.6 MPa; SD 1.2 MPa), ε (mean 77%; SD 11%), HM (median 89.0 N/mm²; interquartile range [IQR] 84.5-90.0 NN/m²), E_IT (median 2670.5 MPa; IQR 2645.0-2726.0 MPa), η_IT (median 27.5%; IQR 25.9-28.1%), and R_IT (mean 65.1%; SD 3.5%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Printing direction seemed to have no effect on the mechanical properties of 3D-printed resin aligners, which are promising for orthodontic use.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181212/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low translational and rotational movements with 2-point stainless-steel retainers over a period of 1 and 3 years.","authors":"Sarah Koller, Christian Niederau, Irma Azraq, Rogerio Bastos Craveiro, Isabel Knaup, Michael Wolf","doi":"10.1007/s00056-023-00505-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-023-00505-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Long-term stabilization of orthodontic treatment outcomes is an everyday challenge in orthodontics. The use of permanently attached lingual retainers has become gold standard. However, in some cases, patients with fixed lingual retainers show retainer-associated side effects. Aiming to reduce these side effects, clinical knowledge about how tooth and arch form stability adaption takes place over time is important to improve long-term retention protocols. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate occlusion stability and risks for a newly developing malocclusion in a time-dependent manner in patients being treated with permanent 2‑point steel retainers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this retrospective cohort study, a total of 66 consecutive patients with round stainless-steel retainers were analyzed for postorthodontic occlusion changes after 1 year (group 1, n = 33) and 3 years (group 2, n = 33). Digital Standard Tessellation Language (STL) datasets of the lower jaw were obtained before retainer insertion (T0), and after a 1- (T1) or 3‑year (T2) retention period. Using superimposition software, T1 and T2 situations were compared to T0 regarding rotational and translational changes in tooth positions in all three dimensions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Occlusion changes were low in both groups. The investigated lower canines were nearly stable in the 1‑ and 3‑year group, although a retention-time-dependent increase in tooth position change of the central and lateral incisors could be observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present data provide evidence for time-dependent development of posttherapeutic occlusal adaption limited to central and lateral incisors in patients treated with a 2-point retainer. The observed occlusal changes should be interpreted as an occlusal adaption process rather than severe posttreatment changes associated with the orthodontic retainer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"216-225"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181113/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm volume and acidification within initial biofilms formed in situ on buccally and palatally exposed bracket material.","authors":"Micha Frederic Loewe, Katharina Doll-Nikutta, Meike Stiesch, Rainer Schwestka-Polly","doi":"10.1007/s00056-024-00515-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-024-00515-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acidification by bacterial biofilms at the bracket/tooth interface is one of the most common problems in fixed orthodontic treatments, which can lead to white spot lesions (WSL) and caries. As lingual brackets were shown to exhibit reduced WSL formation clinically, the aim of this in situ study was to compare initial intraoral biofilm formation and acidification on bracket-like specimens placed buccally and palatally in the upper jaw as a possible cause for this observation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Intraoral biofilm was collected from splints equipped with buccally and palatally exposed test specimens, which were worn by 12 volunteers for a total of 48 h. The test specimens consisted of standard bracket material cylinders on top of a hydroxyapatite disc to represent the bracket/tooth interface. They were analyzed for three-dimensional biofilm volume and live/dead distribution by fluorescence staining and confocal laser scanning microscopy as well as for acidification by fluorescence-based pH ratiometry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Similar general biofilm morphology with regard to volume and viability could be detected for buccally and palatally exposed specimens. For pH values, biofilms from both positions showed increased acidification at the bottom layer. Interestingly, the pH value at the top layers of the biofilms was slightly lower on palatally than on buccally exposed specimens, which may likely be due to anatomic conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results of this study, initial intraoral biofilm formation and acidification is almost similar on the bracket material/biomimetic tooth interface when placed buccally or palatally in the upper jaw. As lingual brackets were shown to exhibit reduced WSL formation clinically, future studies should investigate further factors like bracket geometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"259-270"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139974627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breathing changes following mini-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander treatment in late adolescent or adult patients : Assessment of objective and subjective functional breathing changes.","authors":"Ramon Dominguez-Mompell, Boshi Zhang, Ney Paredes, Andrew Combs, Islam Elkenawy, Luca Sfogliano, Layla Fijany, Ozge Colak, Martin Romero-Maroto, Won Moon","doi":"10.1007/s00056-024-00521-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-024-00521-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to assess objective and subjective breathing changes in adult patients who underwent maxillary skeletal expansion with the mini-implant-supported maxillary skeletal expander (MSE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine patients (mean age 18.1 ± 4.3 years) who underwent expansion using the MSE were compared pre- and posttreatment and with a control group (mean age 19.9 ± 2.6 years) to assess objective and subjective functional breathing changes. Objective measurements of the airway including peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) and peak oral inspiratory flow (POIF) were measured utilizing the In-Check medical device (Clement Clarke, Harlow, United Kingdom). Patients reported subjective breathing assessment utilizing the visual analog scale (VAS). Intragroup comparisons were performed with Wilcoxon tests and intergroup comparison with Mann-Whitney U tests. Spearman correlation coefficients were calculated among the studied variables (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following MSE treatment, there were significantly higher values for PNIF total (P < 0.0001), PNIF right (P < 0.0001), PNIF left (P < 0.0001), and POIF (P < 0.01) compared to pretreatment and control group results. Also, patients reported a significant decrease in troubled breathing as measured by the VAS for breathing through the right nostril (P < 0.01), left nostril (P < 0.001), and both nostrils (P < 0.01). Comparing the objective and subjective variables for both the pre-MSE or post-MSE groups, the results indicated no significant correlation between total PNIF and total VAS. However, the values had significant correlations between PNIF and VAS on each side when the patients were asked to block one nostril.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Objective functional breathing measurements were increased immediately after treatment with MSE. Subjective functional breathing measurements changes were significantly higher after MSE treatment and compared with the control group. MSE presents a nonsurgical alternative to achieving orthopedic expansion in adult patients which may provide a benefit for patients with nasal airway obstruction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"248-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140102876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-dependent effects of Delaire facemask therapy for class III malocclusion : Impact on maxillary sutures and palatal morphology.","authors":"Gero Stefan Michael Kinzinger, Jan Hourfar, Joana Nanina Sommer, Jörg Alexander Lisson","doi":"10.1007/s00056-024-00564-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00056-024-00564-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>Treatment effects of a combined rapid maxillary expansion (RME) and Delaire facemask (DFM) therapy have so far only been scientifically investigated through cephalometric analyses. The combination of cephalometric, dental cast and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scan analysis was not yet used for investigating morphologic changes of the tooth-bearing palate. The aim of the present study was to determine whether patient age at treatment begin has an influence upon palatal length changes after RME/DFM therapy, and to what extent transverse palatal sutures contribute to these.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>In n = 6 patients (min 10.5 years, max 14.7 years) from a total group of n = 40, CBCT datasets showing all palatal sutures were visually assessed, and palatal morphology was compared with a dental cast analysis. In addition, lateral cephalograms and dental casts of n = 40 patients were divided into two groups (PG1: < 12 years, n = 20; PG2: ≥ 12 years, n = 20), and an analysis was performed to investigate changes in the tooth-bearing palate after RME/DFM treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CBCT analysis showed that the median and transverse palatine sutures were always open. On the contrary, the pterygopalatomaxillary sutures were partially open only in the youngest patients. The transverse palatal suture showed age-dependent morphologic changes in the transverse and sagittal planes. The changes of the palatal width and length show clear differences between the two younger and the four older patients in the corresponding dental cast analysis. The cephalometric analysis showed that a significant improvement of the sagittal jaw relation due to ventral displacement of the maxilla during treatment occurred only in younger patients (< 12 years) despite similar initial findings in both patient groups. The dental cast analysis also revealed that changes are age-dependent: In PG1, the width increases posteriorly more than anteriorly; in PG2, this is reversed. The length increases are always significant in both patient groups, whereby the anterior, posterior, and total amounts are greater in PG1 than in PG2. In relative terms, the increases in both groups are greater posteriorly than anteriorly. There is a significant difference between the groups posteriorly and overall.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Morphological changes of the sutures appear to have a decisive influence on the success of RME/DFM therapy. The age-dependent reactions of pterygopalatomaxillary and transverse palatine sutures represent a further main therapeutic effect of DFM treatment in addition to those described by Delaire and explain the different changes in palate length before and after the age of 12. If the maximum effect of RME/DFM treatment is desired, it should be started before the age of 12. Treatment success is age-dependent.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":"197-215"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12181118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142878630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal analysis of bite force and strength of orofacial tissues during orthodontic aligner treatment.","authors":"Sara Gollino, Marcelo Palinkas, Fernanda Cristina Toloi Fiori Rufato, Luiz Gustavo de Sousa, Luís Fernando Fiori Rufato, Fábio Lourenço Romano, Simone Cecilio Hallak Regalo, Selma Siessere","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00596-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00596-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Orthodontic aligners have introduced new approaches in orthodontics, but their effects on the stomatognathic system remain debated. This longitudinal study evaluated the maximum molar bite force and strength of orofacial tissues during orthodontic treatment with aligners.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Twenty individuals (16 women and 4 men) participated, with an average age of 30.8 ± 10.9 years, all having natural permanent dentition except for the third molars and no temporomandibular dysfunction. All participants were indicated for treatment with aligners and monitored over four timepoints: pretreatment, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the start of treatment. The variables measured included molar bite force (right and left) using a digital dynamometer and strength of orofacial tissues (lips, tongue, and buccinator muscles) using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument. Statistical analysis was performed using repeated measures (analysis of variance, ANOVA) and Tukey's post hoc test (P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The maximum molar bite force significantly decreased after the start of treatment, with a trend of continuous reduction over 6 months (p = 0.04), although there were no significant differences between the timepoints and no significant changes in the left maximum molar bite force. The pressure exerted by the tongue and lips increased after the first month of aligner use, stabilizing afterwards, while buccinator muscle pressure progressively increased, showing significantly higher values compared to the pretreatment timepoint (right: 1 month, P = 0.002; 3 months, P = 0.0003; 6 months, P < 0.0001; left: 1 month, P = 0.007; 3 months, P = 0.0001; 6 months, P < 0.0002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Orthodontic aligners significantly alter the function of the stomatognathic system, reducing bite force and increasing buccinator muscle pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144487154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral function tests in spinal muscular atrophy: closing the diagnostic gap in severely affected adult patients : A prospective observational study.","authors":"Teresa Kruse, Sara Portegys, Diana Leflerovà, Annette Cap, Brunhilde Wirth, Raoul Heller, Svenja Neuhoff, Tim Hagenacker, Bert Braumann, Gilbert Wunderlich","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00597-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00597-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In advanced stages of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), established motor scores are unable to distinguish between the different degrees of remaining motor function. Bulbar muscles are affected at a later stage. The aim of the present study was to test whether oral function tests are able to better discriminate motor function than established scores and to replicate known associations between disease-related altered craniofacial anatomy and oral dysfunction in SMA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 43 adult individuals with SMA (mean age 39.7 ± 12; 25 men, 18 women) were included in this prospective, cross-sectional study. Oral function was measured using a piezoelectric sensor system and an Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) device. Data from oral function tests and established motor scores were analyzed with regard to a possible floor or ceiling effect. It was tested to what extent SMA patients with different malocclusions presented with variable scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients differed in ambulatory and treatment status (15 ambulatory vs. 28 nonambulatory; 35 treated vs. 8 nontreated) and orthodontic findings (22 with a class II molar relationship and increased overjet, 35 with posterior crossbite). In contrast to the oral function tests, some of the established motor scores showed a clear floor effect. Statistically significant associations were identified between reduced oral function values and an enlarged overjet, a class II molar relationship, and a posterior crossbite. This should be taken into account in neuromuscular evaluations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In severely affected patients, oral function tests appear to be superior to established motor scores and fill a diagnostic gap in research and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic efficacy of individual head orthoses in infants with positional plagiocephaly.","authors":"Sachin Chhatwani, Caterina Degener, Lucija Rako, Christian Kirschneck, Stephan Christian Möhlhenrich, Gholamreza Danesh, Matthias Kelker","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00594-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00594-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Regarding the therapy for positional plagiocephaly, a distinction is made between physiotherapeutic-osteopathic treatment and treatment using individual head orthoses. This retrospective study aimed to compare the outcome of these treatment modalities for correcting positional plagiocephaly in infants.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From an initial pool of 148 patients, two groups were matched based on age, sex, and Argenta classification. Therapy was either helmet therapy in combination with physiotherapeutic-osteopathic therapy (experimental group/95 patients) or physical therapy alone (control group/28 patients). The helmet was worn 23 h per day and adjusted if necessary. A photo-optical scan was performed pretherapeutically (T0) and posttherapeutically (T1). Besides other parameters, cephalic index (CI) and 30° diagonal difference (DD) were assessed and evaluated statistically. The mean age was 5.4 ± 1.1 months in the experimental group and 5.1 ± 1.0 months in the control group. The sex ratio in the experimental group was 61 males (64.2%) to 34 females (35.8%), and in the control group, it was 19 males (67.9%) to 9 females (32.1%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After alignment of the groups, the range of correction of DD in the control group (-0.4 mm ± 2.3 mm) was lower than that in the experimental group (-4.8 mm ± 2.8 mm) which was statistically significant (p = 0.001). The control group presented an average CI reduction from T0 to T1 of 0.1% ± 2.1%, while the experimental group showed a significantly higher reduction of CI of 3.6% ± 3.6% (p < 0.001). Treatment time in the helmet therapy group averaged 2.2 ± 0.6 months, and in the control group, it averaged 1.6 ± 0.5 months (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the matched groups, the reduction in CI and DD was significantly greater in the experimental group compared to the control group. Treatment with an individual head orthosis for positional plagiocephaly appears to be more effective than physical treatment alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological changes in the palate after transverse expansion with removable orthodontic plate appliances : Short-term effects and follow-up stability.","authors":"Gero Stefan Michael Kinzinger, Jan Hourfar, Hee Jung Kim, Jörg Alexander Lisson","doi":"10.1007/s00056-025-00592-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00056-025-00592-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aim: </strong>The three-dimensional effects of fixed rapid maxillary expansion (RME) on palatal morphology for the treatment of maxillary constriction have been extensively studied. Morphological changes caused by treatment with removable plate appliances have not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective cohort study was to analyse changes and follow-up stability in palatal width, height and surface area after transverse expansion with removable plate appliances in patients of different age groups.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>The course of treatment of n = 90 children and adolescents, documented through dental casts, was quantified using various analyses. The patient cohort (PC) was divided into three groups according to chronological age for analysis: PG 1 < 10 years of age (n = 30, early treatment), PG 2 10 to < 13 years of age (n = 30, main treatment) and PG 3 ≥ 13 years of age (n = 30, late treatment). Data were collected before treatment (T1), after transverse expansion of the palate (T2) and after completion of or retention after orthodontic treatment (T3).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average treatment interval (T1-T2) was 16.8 months. The average observation period (T2-T3) was 20.2 months. Maxillary expansion with the plate appliances occurred evenly regardless of patient age, with the greatest effects in the posterior molar region. The expansion remained stable until T3 regardless of further measures. The therapeutically induced increases in width, height and area were not significantly different between the groups despite lower initial values in the younger patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared to treatment with fixed RME appliances, where the effects differ due to age-related sutural changes, the morphological changes with plate appliances are comparable in patients of different chronological age. Early, main and late treatment were equally effective. This may be because the changes after treatment with plate appliances occur mainly through dentoalveolar effects, while effects on the sutures play, if any, only a minor role.</p>","PeriodicalId":54776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Orofacial Orthopedics-Fortschritte Der Kieferorthopadie","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}