Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry (HDX-MS) Centroid Data Measured between 3.6 °C and 25.4 °C for the Fab Fragment of NISTmAb.","authors":"Jeffrey W Hudgens, Elyssia S Gallagher, Ioannis Karageorgos, Kyle W Anderson, Richard Y-C Huang, Guodong Chen, George M Bou-Assaf, Alfonso Espada, Michael J Chalmers, Eduardo Harguindey, Hui-Min Zhang, Benjamin T Walters, Jennifer Zhang, John Venable, Caitlin Steckler, Inhee Park, Ansgar Brock, Xiaojun Lu, Ratnesh Pandey, Arun Chandramohan, Ganesh Srinivasan Anand, Sasidhar N Nirudodhi, Justin B Sperry, Jason C Rouse, James A Carroll, Kasper D Rand, Ulrike Leurs, David D Weis, Mohammed A Al-Naqshabandi, Tyler S Hageman, Daniel Deredge, Patrick L Wintrode, Malvina Papanastasiou, John D Lambris, Sheng Li, Sarah Urata","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39702552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue Testing of Pipeline Welds and Heat-Affected Zones in Pressurized Hydrogen Gas.","authors":"E. Drexler, A. Slifka, R. Amaro, J. Sowards, M. Connolly, May L. Martin, D. Lauria","doi":"10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.008","url":null,"abstract":"Several welds and associated heat-affected zones (HAZs) on two API X70 and two API X52 pipes were tested to determine the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) in pressurized hydrogen gas and assess the area of the pipe that was most susceptible to fatigue when subjected to hydrogen gas. The relationship between FCGRs for welds and HAZs compared to base metal is discussed relative to local residual stresses, differences in the actual path of the crack, and hydrogen pressure effects.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42575044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatigue Testing of Pipeline Welds and Heat-Affected Zones in Pressurized Hydrogen Gas.","authors":"Elizabeth S Drexler,&nbsp;Andrew J Slifka,&nbsp;Robert L Amaro,&nbsp;Jeffrey W Sowards,&nbsp;Matthew J Connolly,&nbsp;May L Martin,&nbsp;Damian S Lauria","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several welds and associated heat-affected zones (HAZs) on two API X70 and two API X52 pipes were tested to determine the fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) in pressurized hydrogen gas and assess the area of the pipe that was most susceptible to fatigue when subjected to hydrogen gas. The relationship between FCGRs for welds and HAZs compared to base metal is discussed relative to local residual stresses, differences in the actual path of the crack, and hydrogen pressure effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39955053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apparatus for Characterizing Gas-Phase Chemical Precursor Delivery for Thin Film Deposition Processes.","authors":"J. Maslar, W. Kimes, B. Sperling","doi":"10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.005","url":null,"abstract":"Thin film vapor deposition processes, e.g., chemical vapor deposition, are widely used in high-volume manufacturing of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ensuring desired film properties and maximizing process yields require control of the chemical precursor flux to the deposition surface. However, achieving the desired control can be difficult due to numerous factors, including delivery system design, ampoule configuration, and precursor properties. This report describes an apparatus designed to investigate such factors. The apparatus simulates a single precursor delivery line, e.g., in a chemical vapor deposition tool, with flow control, pressure monitoring, and a precursor-containing ampoule. It also incorporates an optical flow cell downstream of the ampoule to permit optical measurements of precursor density in the gas stream. From such measurements, the precursor flow rate can be determined, and, for selected conditions, the precursor partial pressure in the headspace can be estimated. These capabilities permit this apparatus to be used for investigating a variety of factors that affect delivery processes. The methods of determining the pressure to (1) calculate the precursor flow rate and (2) estimate the headspace pressure are discussed, as are some of the errors associated with these methods. While this apparatus can be used under a variety of conditions and configurations relevant to deposition processes, the emphasis here is on low-volatility precursors that are delivered at total pressures less than about 13 kPa downstream of the ampoule. An important goal of this work is to provide data that could facilitate both deposition process optimization and ampoule design refinement.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45080433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apparatus for Characterizing Gas-Phase Chemical Precursor Delivery for Thin Film Deposition Processes.","authors":"James E Maslar,&nbsp;William A Kimes,&nbsp;Brent A Sperling","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thin film vapor deposition processes, e.g., chemical vapor deposition, are widely used in high-volume manufacturing of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Ensuring desired film properties and maximizing process yields require control of the chemical precursor flux to the deposition surface. However, achieving the desired control can be difficult due to numerous factors, including delivery system design, ampoule configuration, and precursor properties. This report describes an apparatus designed to investigate such factors. The apparatus simulates a single precursor delivery line, e.g., in a chemical vapor deposition tool, with flow control, pressure monitoring, and a precursor-containing ampoule. It also incorporates an optical flow cell downstream of the ampoule to permit optical measurements of precursor density in the gas stream. From such measurements, the precursor flow rate can be determined, and, for selected conditions, the precursor partial pressure in the headspace can be estimated. These capabilities permit this apparatus to be used for investigating a variety of factors that affect delivery processes. The methods of determining the pressure to (1) calculate the precursor flow rate and (2) estimate the headspace pressure are discussed, as are some of the errors associated with these methods. While this apparatus can be used under a variety of conditions and configurations relevant to deposition processes, the emphasis here is on low-volatility precursors that are delivered at total pressures less than about 13 kPa downstream of the ampoule. An important goal of this work is to provide data that could facilitate both deposition process optimization and ampoule design refinement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39955060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Black-Box Noninvasive Characterization Method for Industrial Wireless Networks.","authors":"M. Kashef, R. Candell, Kang B. Lee","doi":"10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.007","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial control systems are increasingly using wireless communications to improve monitoring and control of industrial processes. In existing installations, distances and costs for installation often prohibit the running of new cables and conduits, making wireless solutions very attractive. With costs reduced, monitoring of the physical process becomes easier, and operators often desire to extend wireless to include supervisory and feedback control. Feedback control, in particular, requires certain reliability, latency, and performance guarantees that are difficult to characterize. Industrial wireless solutions rarely make quality-of-service measurements available at the control system level. When they do, indicators such as per-link packet success rate are often difficult to translate into meaningful metrics useful to the control system designer. This is especially true for multihop mesh network architectures, where it is difficult to translate link performance to system performance. In this paper, we propose a more useful method to characterize true network latency and reliability of a deployed industrial wireless network without the need for physical layer and link layer performance metrics and design knowledge.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48544247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Black-Box Noninvasive Characterization Method for Industrial Wireless Networks.","authors":"Mohamed Kashef,&nbsp;Richard Candell,&nbsp;Kang Lee","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Industrial control systems are increasingly using wireless communications to improve monitoring and control of industrial processes. In existing installations, distances and costs for installation often prohibit the running of new cables and conduits, making wireless solutions very attractive. With costs reduced, monitoring of the physical process becomes easier, and operators often desire to extend wireless to include supervisory and feedback control. Feedback control, in particular, requires certain reliability, latency, and performance guarantees that are difficult to characterize. Industrial wireless solutions rarely make quality-of-service measurements available at the control system level. When they do, indicators such as per-link packet success rate are often difficult to translate into meaningful metrics useful to the control system designer. This is especially true for multihop mesh network architectures, where it is difficult to translate link performance to system performance. In this paper, we propose a more useful method to characterize true network latency and reliability of a deployed industrial wireless network without the need for physical layer and link layer performance metrics and design knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39702550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"interlab: A Python Module for Analyzing Interlaboratory Comparison Data.","authors":"D. Sheen","doi":"10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/HTTPS://DOI.ORG/10.6028/JRES.124.006","url":null,"abstract":"interlab was developed as a software tool to perform consensus analysis on\u0000 spectral data from interlaboratory studies. It is designed to estimate the spread in\u0000 the spectral data and to identify possible outliers among both spectral populations\u0000 and facilities in the study. Use of this code allows researchers to identify\u0000 laboratories producing data closest to the consensus values, thereby ensuring that\u0000 untargeted studies are using the most precise data available to them. The software\u0000 was originally developed for analyzing NMR data but can be applied to any array\u0000 data, including Raman or FTIR spectroscopy and GC-MS or LC-MS.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43523071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"interlab: A Python Module for Analyzing Interlaboratory Comparison Data.","authors":"David A Sheen","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39955049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Viscosity Measurements of Three Base Oils and One Fully Formulated Lubricant and New Viscosity Correlations for the Calibration Liquid Squalane.","authors":"Arno Laesecke, Clemens Junker, Damian S Lauria","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.002","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.124.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The viscosities of three pentaerythritol tetraalkanoate ester base oils and one fully formulated lubricant were measured with an oscillating piston viscometer in the overall temperature range from 275 K to 450 K with pressures up to 137 MPa. The alkanoates were pentanoate, heptanoate, and nonanoate. Three sensing cylinders covering the combined viscosity range from 1 mPa·s to 100 mPa·s were calibrated with squalane. This required a re-correlation of a squalane viscosity data set in the literature that was measured with a vibrating wire viscometer, with an estimated extended uncertainty of 2 %, because the squalane viscosity formulations in the literature did not represent this data set within its experimental uncertainty. In addition, a new formulation for the viscosity of squalane at atmospheric pressure was developed that represents experimental data from 169.5 K to 473 K within their estimated uncertainty over a viscosity range of more than eleven orders of magnitude. The viscosity of squalane was measured over the entire viscometer range, and the results were used together with the squalane correlations to develop accurate calibrating functions for the instrument. The throughput of the instrument was tripled by a custom-developed LabVIEW application. The measured viscosity data for the ester base oils and the fully formulated lubricant were tabulated and compared with literature data. An unpublished viscosity data set for pentaerythritol tetrapentanoate measured in this laboratory in 2006 at atmospheric pressure from 253 K to 373 K agrees with the new data within their experimental uncertainty and confirms the deviations from the literature data. The density data measured in this project for the three base oils deviate from the literature data in a way that is by sign and magnitude consistent with the deviations of the viscosity data. This points to differences in the sample compositions as the most likely cause for the deviations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-41"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7340553/pdf/jres-124-002.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}