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NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database NIST弹道学工具标记研究数据库
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-20 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.004
X. Zheng, J. Soons, R. Thompson, Sushama Singh, Cerasela Constantin
{"title":"NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database","authors":"X. Zheng, J. Soons, R. Thompson, Sushama Singh, Cerasela Constantin","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.125.004","url":null,"abstract":"In 2009, a report by the National Academies called into question, amongst other\u0000 issues, the objectivity of visual toolmark identification by firearms examiners. The\u0000 National Academies recommended development of objective toolmark identification criteria\u0000 and error rate estimates. Industry, academia, and government laboratories are pursuing\u0000 two promising approaches towards this goal: 1) development of mathematical criteria and\u0000 advanced algorithms for the objective and automated identification and scoring of\u0000 potential matches, and 2) supplementing traditional reflectance microscopy images with\u0000 three- dimensional surface topography measurement data. Development and validation of\u0000 both these approaches to objective toolmark identification are hindered by a lack of\u0000 access to toolmark data sets that 1) represent the large variety of ballistic toolmarks\u0000 encountered by toolmark examiners, and 2) represent challenging identification\u0000 scenarios, such as those posed by consecutively manufactured firearms components. The\u0000 NIST Ballistics Toolmark Research Database enables researchers to test and validate new\u0000 approaches to objective, mathematics-based, toolmark identification while easing the\u0000 transition to three- dimensional surface topography data. The database will provide a\u0000 foundation for a scientific knowledge base on the degree of similarity that can be found\u0000 between marks made by different firearms and the variability in marks made by an\u0000 individual firearm. The current, fairly limited, knowledge base is a fundamental barrier\u0000 to the development and validation of objective mathematical similarity criteria, and\u0000 associated confidence limits, applicable to a broad range of firearms and ammunition\u0000 brands.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43662059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
History of Atmospheric Cosmic Ray Research at the National Bureau of Standards. 国家标准局大气宇宙射线研究的历史。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2020-01-16 eCollection Date: 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.001
Bert M Coursey
{"title":"History of Atmospheric Cosmic Ray Research at the National Bureau of Standards.","authors":"Bert M Coursey","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.001","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.125.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the late 1930s, a team of physicists from the National Bureau of Standards (now the National Institute of Standards and Technology) published eight papers on the investigation of cosmic rays in the atmosphere. Payloads launched with weather balloons, also known as radiosondes, were equipped with sensors to measure temperature, relative humidity, pressure, and radiation dose. A battery-operated telemetry system was used to continuously transmit at 60 MHz to a base station. They measured the radiation dose profiles of cosmic radiation in the atmosphere up to 21 km. Calibration of the Geiger-Müller counters with a standard radium source allowed them to calculate a radiation dose rate at an altitude corresponding to 10 kPa that was 180 times the dose rate near sea level in Washington, DC. Ascents in Washington, DC (latitude 39 degrees) and Lima, Peru (near equator) allowed them to demonstrate the effects of Earth's magnetic field on incident galactic cosmic rays; the dose rate in Peru was only half that in Washington, DC.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"125 ","pages":"125001"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8341379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39582117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optical Quantum Memory and its Applications in Quantum Communication Systems 光量子存储器及其在量子通信系统中的应用
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-27 DOI: 10.6028/jres.125.002
Lijun Ma, O. Slattery, Xiao Tang
{"title":"Optical Quantum Memory and its Applications in Quantum Communication Systems","authors":"Lijun Ma, O. Slattery, Xiao Tang","doi":"10.6028/jres.125.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.125.002","url":null,"abstract":"Optical quantum memory is a device that can store the quantum state of photons and retrieve it on demand and with high fidelity. It is emerging as an essential device to enhance security, speed, scalability, and performance of many quantum systems used in communications, computing, metrology, and more. In this paper, we will specifically consider the impact of optical quantum memory on quantum communications systems. Following a general overview of the theoretical and experimental research progress in optical quantum memory, we will outline its role in quantum communications, including as a photon source, photon interference, quantum key distribution (QKD), quantum teleportation, quantum repeater, and quantum networks.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.125.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42075405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
RF Dataset of Incumbent Radar Signals in the 3.5 GHz CBRS Band. 3.5 GHz CBRS波段在位雷达信号射频数据集。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-17 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.038
Raied Caromi, Michael Souryal, Timothy A Hall
{"title":"RF Dataset of Incumbent Radar Signals in the 3.5 GHz CBRS Band.","authors":"Raied Caromi,&nbsp;Michael Souryal,&nbsp;Timothy A Hall","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.038","url":null,"abstract":"This Radio Frequency (RF) dataset consists of synthetically generated waveforms of incumbent 3.5 GHz radar systems. The intended use of the dataset is for developing and evaluating detectors for the 3.5 GHz Citizens Broadband Radio Service (CBRS) [1] or similar bands where the primary users of the band are Federal radar systems. The dataset can be used for developing and testing radar detection algorithms using machine learning/deep learning techniques. The algorithm aims to detect whether the radar signal is present or absent regardless of the signal type. The target signals have a variety of modulation types and parameters chosen from wide ranges. In addition, the start time and the center frequency of the radar signals are randomized in the waveform. The variety of signals and their random parameters makes the detection problem more challenging when using non-naive (e.g., energy detector is a naive signal detector) classical signal processing techniques.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39814334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Laboratory Information Management Systems for Electron Microscopy: Evaluation of the 4CeeD Data Curation Platform. 电子显微镜实验室信息管理系统:4CeeD数据管理平台的评估。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-17 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.034
June W Lau, Rachel F Devers, Marcus Newrock, Gretchen Greene
{"title":"Laboratory Information Management Systems for Electron Microscopy: Evaluation of the 4CeeD Data Curation Platform.","authors":"June W Lau,&nbsp;Rachel F Devers,&nbsp;Marcus Newrock,&nbsp;Gretchen Greene","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An evaluation of the feasibility and the requirements associated with a facility-wide deployment of a laboratory information management system (LIMS) at an electron microscopy facility was conducted. 4CeeD, an open-source LIMS, was selected for the focus study. This report summarizes data infrastructure prerequisites, critical and desirable features, and lessons learned from using and interacting with 4CeeD, and broader LIMS adoption recommendations for this facility.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39814336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Dielectric Properties of NbxW1-xSe2 Alloys. NbxW1-xSe2合金的介电性能。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-16 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.035
Albert F Rigosi, Heather M Hill, Sergiy Krylyuk, Nhan V Nguyen, Angela R Hight Walker, Albert V Davydov, David B Newell
{"title":"Dielectric Properties of Nb<sub>x</sub>W<sub>1-x</sub>Se<sub>2</sub> Alloys.","authors":"Albert F Rigosi,&nbsp;Heather M Hill,&nbsp;Sergiy Krylyuk,&nbsp;Nhan V Nguyen,&nbsp;Angela R Hight Walker,&nbsp;Albert V Davydov,&nbsp;David B Newell","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth of transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) alloys provides an opportunity to experimentally access information elucidating how optical properties change with gradual substitutions in the lattice compared with their pure compositions. In this work, we performed growths of alloyed crystals with stoichiometric compositions between pure forms of NbSe<sub>2</sub> and WSe<sub>2</sub>, followed by an optical analysis of those alloys by utilizing Raman spectroscopy and spectroscopic ellipsometry.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.035","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39814332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Practical Guide to the Design, Fabrication, and Calibration of NIST Nanocalorimeters. 实用指南的设计，制造，和校准的NIST纳米热计。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-16 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.021
Feng Yi, Michael D Grapes, David A LaVan
{"title":"Practical Guide to the Design, Fabrication, and Calibration of NIST Nanocalorimeters.","authors":"Feng Yi,&nbsp;Michael D Grapes,&nbsp;David A LaVan","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report here on the design, fabrication, and calibration of nanocalorimeter sensors used in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Nanocalorimetry Measurements Project. These small-scale thermal analysis instruments are produced using silicon microfabrication approaches. A single platinum line serves as both the heater and temperature sensor, and it is made from a 500 μm wide, 100 nm thick platinum trace, suspended on a 100 nm thick silicon nitride membrane for thermal isolation. Supplemental materials to this article (available online) include drawing files and LabVIEW code used in the fabrication and calibration process.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Tabular Potentials for Monte Carlo Simulation of Supertoroids with Short-Range Interactions. 用于对具有短程相互作用的超流星体进行蒙特卡罗模拟的表势垒。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-04 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.032
Harold W Hatch, Gordon W McCann
{"title":"Tabular Potentials for Monte Carlo Simulation of Supertoroids with Short-Range Interactions.","authors":"Harold W Hatch, Gordon W McCann","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.032","DOIUrl":"10.6028/jres.124.032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe a methodology for constructing tabular potentials of supertoroids with short-range interactions, which requires the calculation of the volume of overlap of these shapes for many relative positions and orientations. Recent advances in the synthesis of anisotropic colloids have made experimental realizations of such particles feasible and have increased the practical impact of fundamental simulation studies of these families of shapes. This extends our recent work on superquadric potentials to now include a family of ring-like shapes with a hole in the middle. Along with the addition of supertoroids, the ability to make tables for nonidentical particles and particle pairs with multiple, disconnected overlap volumes was added. Using newly developed extensions to a previously published algorithm, we produced tabular potentials for all of these new cases. The algorithmic developments in this work will enable Monte Carlo simulations of a wider variety of shapes to predict thermodynamic properties over a range of conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7351571/pdf/jres-124-032.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39814338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Software to Report Product and Manufacturing Information in QIF Files. 在QIF文件中报告产品和生产信息的软件。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-12-04 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.036
Robert R Lipman
{"title":"Software to Report Product and Manufacturing Information in QIF Files.","authors":"Robert R Lipman","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.036","url":null,"abstract":"The QIF PMI Report (QPR) software generates a spreadsheet from a Quality\u0000 Information Framework (QIF) file containing Product and Manufacturing Information\u0000 (PMI). QIF is a unified XML framework standard for computer-aided quality QIF\u0000 systems, available free to all implementers. QIF enables the capture, use, and\u0000 re-use of metrology-related information throughout the Product Lifecycle Management\u0000 (PLM) and Product Data Management (PDM) domains. PMI consists of annotations and\u0000 attributes that define product geometry and product specifications. PMI includes\u0000 annotations to specify Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T), as well as\u0000 non-geometric data such as surface texture specifications, finish requirements,\u0000 process notes, material specifications, and welding symbols.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39955061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Process Monitoring Dataset from the Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed (AMMT): "Three-Dimensional Scan Strategies". 增材制造计量试验台(AMMT)的过程监控数据集:“三维扫描策略”。
IF 1.5 4区 工程技术
Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Pub Date : 2019-11-19 eCollection Date: 2019-01-01 DOI: 10.6028/jres.124.033
Brandon Lane, Ho Yeung
{"title":"Process Monitoring Dataset from the Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed (AMMT): \"Three-Dimensional Scan Strategies\".","authors":"Brandon Lane,&nbsp;Ho Yeung","doi":"10.6028/jres.124.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6028/jres.124.033","url":null,"abstract":"This document provides details on the files available in the dataset\u0000 \"20180708-HY-3D Scan Strategies\" pertaining to a 3D additive manufacturing build\u0000 performed on the Additive Manufacturing Metrology Testbed (AMMT)by Ho Yeung on July\u0000 8, 2018. The files include the input command files and in-situ process monitoring\u0000 data, and metadata. This data is the first of future planned \"AMMT Process\u0000 Monitoring Reference Datasets,\" as part of the Metrology for Real-Time Monitoring of\u0000 Additive Manufacturing project.","PeriodicalId":54766,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology","volume":"124 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2019-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.6028/jres.124.033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39578669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
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