Journal of Sports Science and Medicine最新文献

{"title":"National Basketball Association Players' Return to Play and Performance After Operative Treatment of Meniscal Tears.","authors":"Cameron Nosrat, Adrian Vallejo, Kweku Djan, Youssef Sibih, Brian T Feeley, Nirav K Pandya","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.363","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prior studies have examined return-to-play (RTP) rates and performance outcomes following meniscus surgery in professional basketball players but have largely focused on earlier eras. With advancements in surgical techniques, rehabilitation, and player management strategies, updated insights into postoperative outcomes are needed. We hypothesized that National Basketball Association (NBA) players would demonstrate a higher return-to-play (RTP) rate than the ~80% reported in 2010, with short-term performance declines but recovery by the second postoperative season. We also evaluated the impact of age, body mass index (BMI), and position on outcomes. NBA players who sustained isolated meniscal tears and underwent surgery between 2010 and 2023 were identified through public databases. Performance metrics-including games played, minutes per game (MPG), player efficiency rating (PER), and distance covered per game-were assessed preoperatively and at one and two years postoperatively. Multivariable linear regression analyzed associations between age, BMI, position, and outcomes. Of 47 eligible players, 43 (90.7%) returned to NBA play. Players missed a median of 17 ± 34 games postoperatively and continued their careers for an average of 4.7 ± 3.4 seasons. The percentage of games played per season significantly declined at one (60.9%, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and two years (64.2%, <i>p</i> < 0.01) postoperatively versus pre-injury (79%), a novel finding. MPG and PER declined at one year (22.3 vs. 26.0, <i>p</i> = 0.02; 14.6 vs. 16.4, <i>p</i> = 0.04) but recovered by year two (23.8 MPG, 15.8 PER; both <i>p</i> > 0.1). Older age correlated with reduced games played, MPG, and PER. BMI and position had no significant impact. NBA players demonstrate high RTP rates after meniscus surgery. While playing time and efficiency recover by year two, reduced availability persists, likely reflecting ongoing workload management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 2","pages":"363-369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131145/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Acute Effects of Antagonist Static Stretching on Agonist Performance.","authors":"Mohammadmahdi Bahrami, Hiwa Rahmani, Duane C Button, Andreas Konrad, David G Behm","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.93","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.93","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stretching the antagonist muscle to enhance agonist performance has gained considerable attention. However, most studies have focused on one stretching duration. Hence, the aim of this study was to compare varying durations (40-, 80-, and 120-seconds) of antagonist (dorsiflexors) static stretching (SS) on agonist (plantar flexors: PF) muscle performance. In this randomized crossover study, 16 participants (six females) underwent four sessions (40-, 80-, 120-s dorsiflexors SS and control), with pre- and post-intervention measurements of slow (60⁰/s) and fast (240⁰/s) PF isokinetic, isometric peak torque, total work, stiff leg drop jump (SDJ) performance (height, reactive strength index (RSI) and peak power), and tibialis anterior and soleus electromyography (EMG). Dorsiflexors SS protocol involved 1x40-s (40-s), 2x40-s (80-s), and 3x40-s (120-s). There were no significant pre- to post-intervention changes in any parameter. A main effect for time demonstrated an overall decrease in fast (p < 0.0001, 5.9%, d = 0.24) and slow (p = 0.05, 6.6%, d = 0.24) isokinetic peak torque, total work (p = 0.02, 5.1%, d = 0.20) and all SDJ measures (SDJ height: p = 0.02, 2.7%, d = 0.15, RSI: p < 0.0001, 5.9%, d = 0.23, peak power: p = 0.002, 4.4%, d = 0.22). Soleus EMG decreased from pre- to post-SS after 120-s in both isometric (p = 0.002, 13.6%, d = 0.73) and slow isokinetic (p = 0.002, 12.3%, d = 0.91) peak torque as well as 80-s with slow isokinetic peak torque (p = 0.02, 6.6%, d = 0.75). In summary, different durations of dorsiflexors SS (40-s, 80-s, 120-s) did not significantly influence PF performance. However, deficits associated with a main effect for time suggested possible testing effects as detected with the control condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"93-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Children's Sprint and Jump Performance after Plyometric-Jump Training: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Han Wu, Shuai Li, JinYu Lai, Wei Bian, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo, Eduardo Sáez de Villarreal, Qi Zhao","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.52","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.52","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of plyometric jump training on children's jump and sprint performance remains unclear. To explore the effects of PJT on jump and sprint performance in children and to further analyze the influence of participant characteristics and training variables. A literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus databases. The included studies (n = 17) involved 587 children, with study sample sizes ranging from 9 to 44 participants. Overall, PJT improved children's vertical jump performance involving squat jump and countermovement jump (ES = 0.78, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.41-1.16, <i>I²</i> = 63%, p < 0.01; n = 474), standing long jump performance (ES = 0.56, CI = 0.3-0.83, <i>I²</i> = 26%, p < 0.0001; n = 414), and sprint performance involving 5 m to 30 m distances (ES = -0.41, CI = -0.61 to -0.22, <i>I²</i> = 0%, p < 0.01; n = 424). Subgroup analysis showed non-tapering strategies (ES = 0.92, n = 88) resulted in significant difference than tapering strategies (ES = 0.37, n = 336 np = 0.01). Meta-regression showed a positive correlation between the total number of training sessions and standing long jump performance improvement (p = 0.03). Two studies have a high risk of bias (RoB), and 15 studies have a moderate RoB (some concerns). The GRADE assessment indicated a very low to low robustness of the evidence. In conclusion, PJT can improve children's jump and sprint performance. Increasing the number of training sessions may lead to better standing long jump results. However, the low to very-low robustness of the currently available evidence precludes recommendations regarding PJT for improving children's neuromuscular performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"52-74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress and Anxiety Among Elite Volleyball Referees While Officiating.","authors":"Stefanie Klatt, Lisa-Marie Bea, Sebastian Brückner, André Jungen, Benjamin Noël, Bernd Strauss","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.160","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Effective decision making and communication are essential skills for sports officials, who frequently report experiencing considerable stress across various sports. This study evaluated the impact of a stress management program on elite volleyball referees. The intervention aimed to reduce stress and anxiety while enhancing coping strategies. Thirty-eight referees (24 males, 14 females) participated in a randomized intervention guided by two experienced applied sport psychologists. Stress and physiological measures were assessed before and after officiating. Anxiety and officiating-related stress were evaluated using the State-Trait-Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and an adapted version of the Basketball Officials Source of Stress Survey (BOSSS-d), respectively. Cardiac responses, including heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV), were monitored during games. The program's effectiveness was assessed using the Inventory of Quality Sport Psychological Support (QS17). Although the pre- and post-intervention comparisons did not reveal significant changes in anxiety, reported sources of officiating-related stress, or cardiac responses, findings from the QS17 indicated potential benefits of the stress management program for elite volleyball referees, highlighting avenues for sport psychological support and interventions. Future research, particularly longitudinal studies, is needed to further explore referees' stress experiences during officiating.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"160-171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Well-Being and Exercise Intensity on Enjoyment in Soccer Players.","authors":"Weiqiang Xu, Rui Miguel Silva, Robert Trybulski, Xinjie Han, Yue Yu, Filipe Manuel Clemente","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.292","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the relationship between well-being, exercise intensity, and enjoyment in soccer players. Seventy-seven players participated in this study. Participants performed the 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test and took part in four training formats: 5v5 and 1v1 small-sided games (SSGs), long HIIT, and short HIIT. Enjoyment was measured using the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), well-being was assessed with the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (SNQ), Profile of Mood States (POMS), Total Mood Disturbance (TMD), sleep duration, and Perceived Recovery Status (PRS). Exercise intensity was measured with heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). TMD predicted enjoyment across all training formats (β = -0.68 to -0.36, p < 0.001). Sleep duration predicted enjoyment in long HIIT (β = -.21, p < 0.05), SNQ predicted enjoyment in 1v1 SSGs (β = 0.29, p < 0.05), PRS predicted enjoyment in short HIIT (β = 0.20, p < 0.05), and RPE predicted enjoyment in long HIIT (β = -0.30, p < 0.01). The regression models were statistically significant across all conditions, indicating that 33% to 49% of the variance in enjoyment was explained by well-being and intensity. This study showed that TMD was the strongest predictor of enjoyment. Lower sleep duration and higher RPE reduced enjoyment in long HIIT. In 1v1 SSGs, greater SNQ was associated with higher enjoyment, while in short HIIT, a higher PRS resulted in higher enjoyment. However, potential confounding factors such as individual fitness levels, baseline mood, and training experience may have influenced these findings. Coaches should consider mood, sleep, recovery, and exertion when planning training to enhance enjoyment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 2","pages":"292-302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12131140/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144227722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training on Basketball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Shudian Cao, Zhenxing Li, Zhaoran Wang, Soh Kim Geok, Jia Liu","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.31","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.31","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of HIIT on basketball players' physical fitness and skill-related performance. This study adhered to the PRISMA guidelines and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that investigated the effects of HIIT on basketball players. The databases searched included Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and SPORTDiscus (up to 4 March 2024). The meta-analysis used a random-effects model, with effect sizes (ES) calculated for various performance outcomes. A total of 15 studies, with a low risk of bias or some concerns of bias, including 369 players (130 females, 239 males) at the developmental level, national level, and international level, were included in the systematic review, with 7 of these included in the meta-analysis. The systematic review indicated that HIIT significantly improved cardiovascular endurance, power, change of direction (COD) ability, linear sprint, and basketball skill-related performance. However, the effects on certain physical aspects such as VO_2max, the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 (Yo-Yo IR 1), jump tests, ball throw test, 20-m COD sprint test, T-test, 20-m linear sprint, and basketball-specific skills such as shooting accuracy and passing were inconsistent. The meta-analysis revealed a very large effect on the Yo-Yo IR 1 (ES = 2.32; p = 0.000), a moderate effect on VO_2max (ES = 0.90; p = 0.000), T-test performance (ES = 0.91; p = 0.000), and CMJ height (ES = 0.76; p = 0.000), and a small effect on the 20-m sprint test (ES = 0.59; p = 0.006). HIIT appears to be an effective training method for improving general physical fitness and certain basketball-specific skills, particularly endurance, power, and agility. However, its impact on more skill-specific aspects, such as shooting accuracy and passing, requires further investigation. Coaches should consider supplementing HIIT with targeted skill training and carefully plan its timing, ideally incorporating HIIT during pre-season or off-season periods for optimal effectiveness. Further research is needed to explore the differential effects of HIIT across various age groups and playing levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"31-51"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877297/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accentuated Eccentric Loading in Countermovement Jumps Vs. Drop Jumps: Effects on Jump Performance and Strength in A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Zhengqiu Gu, Chong Gao, Hang Zheng, Kaifang Liao, Chris Bishop, Jonathan Hughes, Mingyue Yin, Zhiyuan Bi, Zhan Li, Jian Li, Meixia Chen, Jianxi Wei, Yongming Li","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.20","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examined the effects of Accentuated Eccentric Loading Countermovement Jump (AEL CMJ) training on jump performance, lower body strength, sprint performance, and change of direction ability, compared to drop jump (DJ) training. This study used a randomized controlled trial (RCT) with a parallel design. Forty men physical education students (Mean ± SD: age 22.60 ± 3.24 years, body mass 75.21 ± 8.12 kg, height 1.79 ± 0.07 m) were randomly assigned to AEL (n = 14), DJ (n = 13), or a control group (CON, n = 13). The AEL and DJ groups trained three times per week for 8 weeks, while the CON group maintained their usual routines. All groups with similar levels of physical activity outside the training. Pre-, mid- (4 weeks), and post-intervention (8 weeks) assessments measured jump performance (CMJ and squat jump (SJ)), 1RM squat strength, 30 m sprint time, and change of direction (T-test). A mixed-effects model evaluated group and time effects. Significant group × time interactions were observed for CMJ height (P = 0.006), with both AEL and DJ training improving CMJ (AEL: +11.8%, ES = 0.77; DJ: +7.7%, ES = 0.47), SJ height (AEL: +5.7%, ES = 0.37; DJ: +11.3%, ES = 0.66), and 1RM squat (AEL: +7.0%, ES = 0.44; DJ: +8.4%, ES = 0.46) at 8 weeks. Neither training method significantly improved sprint or change of direction performance. Additionally, no significant gains were seen in any indicator at 4 weeks. These results indicate that AEL CMJ and DJ training both effectively enhance vertical jump and strength, positioning AEL CMJ as an effective alternative or complement to DJ training.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Acute Upper and Lower Body Resistance Exercise on Cardiovascular Response in Adult Women Through Blood Flow Restriction.","authors":"Choung-Hwa Park","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.187","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast cardiovascular responses during acute upper body resistance exercise (UBRE) and lower body resistance exercise (LBRE) and resting with or without blood flow restriction (BFR) in adult women. The subjects were 18 adult women (21.5 ± 2.0 years old) and it was a cross-over experimental design. Resistance exercise consisted of 20% 1-RM, 10 repetitions, and 4 sets. For UBRE, arm curl and bench press exercise, and LBRE squat and leg extension exercise were performed. The change in cardiovascular response during exercise and recovery with or without BFR was significantly different between UBRE (diastolic blood pressure: DBP, mean arterial pressure: MAP, total peripheral resistance: TPR) and LBRE (DBP, MAP, heart rate: HR, Cardiac output: CO) (<i>p</i> < .05). In non-BFR, DBP, MAP, SV, HR, CO, there was a difference in TPR (<i>p</i> < .05). It was concluded LBRE with BFR had a positive effect on the cardiovascular response of the cardiovascular system during exercise and recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"187-194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of Dynamic Balance Test with A Mobile Application of Physics Toolbox Suite.","authors":"Erdem Atalay, Ebru Turan Kızıldoğan","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.154","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although mobile applications are used as an alternative to expensive and difficult to access systems used to evaluate dynamic balance, existing applications have some shortcomings. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the Physics Toolbox Suite mobile application, which can obtain objective data for dynamic balance measurements in healthy adults, shorten the duration of measurements, and minimize the number of measurement equipment. The dynamic balance of 22 university students (9 male, 13 female, aged 20.3 (± 1.13 years)) was evaluated using the Physics Toolbox Suite mobile application in three test sessions with a 1-week interval. Anterior-posterior stability index (APSI), medial-lateral stability index (MLS), and overall stability index (OSI) of dynamic balance were calculated. Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), Minimal Detectable Change (MDC), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and Coefficient of Variation for SEM (CV_SEM) were evaluated as indicators of intra- and inter-rater reliability. The mean APSI, MLSI, and OSI scores (Standard deviation) were 2.59 (0.69), 2.21 (0.68), and 3.58 (0.94), respectively. In the evaluation made with the Physics Toolbox Suite mobile application, APSI scores had good intra-rater (ICC(3,1) = 0.67) and inter-rater reliability (ICC(3,1) = 0.73), MLSI scores had high intra-rater (ICC(3,1) = 0.90) with good inter-rater reliability (ICC(3,1) = 0.71), and OSI scores had high intra- rater (ICC(3,1) = 0.87) with good inter-rater reliability (ICC(3,1) = 0.73). The Physics Toolbox Suite Mobile Application can be used as a reliable objective tool to assess dynamic balance among healthcare professionals and athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"154-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing The Effectiveness of 10-Minute Dynamic Stretching, Vibration Rolling, and Climbing-Specific Warm-Ups on Exercise Performances in Rock Climbers.","authors":"Hsueh-Ping Han, Pei-Shan Yang, Chia-Lun Lee, Nai-Jen Chang","doi":"10.52082/jssm.2025.84","DOIUrl":"10.52082/jssm.2025.84","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rise of sport climbing as a popular Olympic sport has underscored the need for optimal warm-up regimes, especially for rock climbers. This randomized, counterbalanced crossover study investigated the effects of dynamic stretching warm-up (DW) with Thera-Band, vibration rolling warm-up (VR), and climbing-specific warm-up (CW) on the flexibility, muscle strength, and dynamic stability of upper limbs in 22 recreational rock climbers without musculoskeletal diseases. Participants underwent each warm-up method in a randomized order. Each warm-up session lasted 10 minutes. Flexibility was measured with a goniometer, muscle strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer, and dynamic stability was measured with an Upper Quarter Y-balance test. The findings revealed that all three warm-up methods significantly enhanced range of motion (ROM) of shoulder flexion, internal rotation, external rotation, overhead flexibility, and dynamic stability (p < 0.05). Moreover, VR was notably more effective than DW and CW in augmenting shoulder flexion flexibility and external rotation. All warm-ups increased the maximal muscle strength of the elbow flexors and shoulder extensors, but did not in finger flexors. CW demonstrated superior change improvements in the maximal muscle strength of the shoulder external rotators compared to DW (p = 0.04). This study highlights our design, recommending all three warm-ups to enhance flexibility, muscle strength, and dynamic stability of the upper limbs. Specifically, VR is the most effective for improving flexibility, while CW provides superior gains in shoulder external rotator strength. These insights can help climbers and coaches develop targeted warm-up strategies to optimize performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":54765,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Sports Science and Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"84-92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11877290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143568890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}