Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research最新文献

{"title":"New Genus and Two New Species of Notocotylidae Lühe, 1909 (Digenea), from Russia: Morphomolecular Data","authors":"Anna V. Izrailskaia,&nbsp;Yulia V. Tatonova,&nbsp;Yulia V. Belousova","doi":"10.1155/2024/5550780","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/5550780","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The study of the trematodes of the family Notocotylidae Lühe, 1909, is continued using an integrated approach based on new data. A new genus, <i>Pseudonotocotylus</i> n. gen., has been identified, and two species new to science, <i>Notocotylus multipapillus</i> n. sp. and <i>Pseudonotocotylus martynenkoi</i> n. sp., have been discovered. The life cycle and morphology of developmental stages of the new species are described, and the molecular data for nuclear (28S) and mitochondrial markers (<i>cox1</i> and <i>nad1</i>) are presented. Sequences of <i>cox1</i> and <i>nad1</i> mtDNA genes were obtained for five previously studied notocotylid species for the first time. Phylogenetic relationships within Notocotylidae were inferred from the analysis of these markers, and the results obtained reveal some subtle differences in some of the notocotylid species despite their morphological similarities. Based on the differences in gene sequences among the species, two additional criteria are proposed to divide the genus <i>Notocotylus</i> into <i>Notocotylus</i> and <i>Pseudonotocotylus</i> n. gen. The criteria are based on, first, having the Pulmonata or Prosobranchia group of snails as the first intermediate host and, second, molecular properties, as shown by substitutions specific to genus at various nucleotide locations in alignments for 28S and <i>cox1</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5550780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140609480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two New Species of Freshwater Planarian (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Dugesiidae, Dugesia) from Southern China Exhibit Unusual Karyotypes, with a Discussion on Reproduction in Aneuploid Species","authors":"Lei Wang,&nbsp;Shi-Qing Zhu,&nbsp;Fu-Hao Ma,&nbsp;Xiang-Jun Li,&nbsp;Yu-Hao Zhao,&nbsp;Xin-Xin Sun,&nbsp;Ning Li,&nbsp;Ronald Sluys,&nbsp;De-Zeng Liu,&nbsp;Zi-Mei Dong,&nbsp;Guang-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1155/2024/8299436","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/8299436","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Two new species of the genus <i>Dugesia</i> from Southern China are described by applying an integrative approach, including morphological, karyological, histological, and molecular information. In the molecular phylogenetic tree, the two new species, <i>Dugesia pendula</i> Chen &amp; Dong, sp. nov. and <i>Dugesia musculosa</i> Chen &amp; Dong, sp. nov., fall into an Eastern Palearctic/Oriental clade and an Oriental/Australasian clade, respectively, while sharing only a rather distant relationship. The separate specific status of the two new species is supported also by their genetic distances. <i>Dugesia pendula</i> is characterized by the following features: symmetrical openings of the oviducts into the bursal canal, a duct between seminal vesicle and diaphragm, small diaphragm, dorsally located seminal vesicle, a penis papilla suspended from the dorsal wall of the male atrium, and mixoploid karyotype with diploid complements of 2<i>n</i> = 2<i>x</i> = 14 + 0 − 1 B-chromosome and triploid complements of 2<i>n</i> = 3<i>x</i> = 21 + 0 − 1 B-chromosome, with all chromosomes being metacentric. <i>Dugesia musculosa</i> is characterized by the following features: asymmetrical openings of the oviducts into the bursal canal; a ventrally displaced ejaculatory duct with a terminal opening; two diaphragms; a bursal canal provided with a strong, thick layer of circular muscle, which extends from the copulatory bursa to the common atrium and gonoduct; the left vas deferens opening at the midlateral wall of the seminal vesicle, while the right sperm duct opens at the dorsolateral wall of the seminal vesicle; and karyotype consisting of complicated diploid and aneuploid mosaicism, with diploid complements of 2<i>n</i> = 2<i>x</i> = 16 and 2<i>n</i> = 2<i>x</i> = 16 − 1^7th-1^8th, with all chromosomes being metacentric. The uncommon karyotypes, combined with the asexual reproduction of aneuploid animals, are evaluated in the context of the relationship between ploidy levels and reproductive modalities in the genus <i>Dugesia</i>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8299436","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139918329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Phylogenetic Relationships and Taxonomic Status of a Puzzling Freshwater Mussel Genus Inversidens (Bivalvia, Unionidae) through Multilocus Phylogeny and Mitochondrial Phylogenomics","authors":"Ruiwen Wu,&nbsp;Liping Zhang,&nbsp;Lili Liu,&nbsp;Junli Jia,&nbsp;Xiongjun Liu","doi":"10.1155/2024/1499508","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2024/1499508","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Accurate phylogenetic reconstructions are crucial for comprehending the evolutionary histories, reproductive traits, and ecological habits of organisms. The subfamily Gonideinae of freshwater mussels is currently thought to include eight tribes. However, due to inadequate taxon sampling and molecular data, the assignment of the freshwater mussel genus <i>Inversidens</i> at the tribe level has been unstable. Additionally, the lack of phylogenetic data has hindered efforts to understand the basic biology and implementation of conservation efforts of <i>Inversidens rentianensis</i>, an endemic species to China. Here, we first present the complete mitochondrial genome of <i>Inversidens rentianensis</i> and offer a detailed description of its anatomical morphology. Based on DNA sequence data from five genes (COI, ND1, 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and 28S rRNA) and complete mitochondrial genomes, we investigated the phylogenetic position of <i>Inversidens</i> using various analytical methods. Both the concatenated five-gene and mitogenome datasets strongly supported that <i>Inversidens</i> classified to the tribe Gonideini in Gonideinae and formed a basal clade within the tribe Gonideini. Molecular dating analysis suggested that <i>Inversidens</i> originated during the mid-Cretaceous era (102.73 Mya, 95% highest posterior density (HPD) = 72.22-137.03 Mya) and underwent diversification in the Late Paleogene era (37.92 Mya, 95% HPD = 20.39-60.59 Mya). Moreover, based on the Quantitative Assessment of Species for Conservation (QASCP), <i>Inversidens rentianensis</i> is ranked as second priority, providing valuable insights for its management and conservation efforts. Taken together, this study provides a comprehensive understanding of the systematic position and evolutionary history of <i>Inversidens</i> within the currently accepted subfamily Gonideinae classification framework. These findings establish a solid foundation for future investigations on the ecology, reproductive behavior patterns, and conservation biology of this taxonomic group.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/1499508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139397015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity, Abundance, and Distribution of Avifauna in District Jhang, Pakistan","authors":"Ahmad Zaman, Azhar Rafique, Asma Ashraf, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood, Nazia Nahid, Farhat Jabeen, Salma Sultana, Tayyaba Sultana, Sultan Ali, S. M. Neamul Kabir Zihad, Shaikh Jamal Uddin","doi":"10.1155/2023/3308651","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3308651","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted from March 2021 to February 2022 in the Thal desert and Trimmu barrage of district Jhang located in the Punjab province of Pakistan to find out the diversity, abundance, and distribution of birds. The point count method was used for the Trimmu barrage, and the line transect method was used for the collection of data in the Thal desert area. We recorded 31,696 individuals belonging to 67 species of birds from two distinct types of habitats (Thal desert and Trimmu barrage) of district Jhang. Among these species, 39 species were residents, 18 species were winter visitors, 9 species were summer breeders, and a single species (Terek sandpiper) was a passage migrant. Highly significant differences (&lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"11.7978pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -11.5914 26.155 11.7978\" width=\"26.155pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.0091,0,0,-0.0091,9.945,-5.741)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,18.524,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"11.7978pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.2063999pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"29.736183800000003 -11.5914 40.721 11.7978\" width=\"40.721pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,29.786,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,36.026,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,42.267,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,48.508,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,54.75,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-58\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,60.991,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,63.955,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-56\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; &lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"9.48819pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.1802893pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -9.3079 22.015 9.48819\" width=\"22.015pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,6.864,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,14.384,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g117-34\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"9.48819pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.1802893pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"25.5971838 -9.3079 12.655 9.48819\" width=\"12.655pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,25.647,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-50\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,31.887,0)\"&gt;&lt;use xlink:href=\"#g113-50\"&gt;&lt;/use&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;/svg&gt;,&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; and &lt;span&gt;&lt;svg height=\"9.2729pt\" style=\"vertical-align:-0.6370001pt\" version=\"1.1\" viewbox=\"-0.0498162 -8.6359 19.289 9.2729\" width=\"19.289pt\" xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"&gt;&lt;g transform=\"matrix(.013,0,0,-0.013,0,0)\"&gt;&lt;/path&gt;&lt;/g&gt;&lt;g transform=\"","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":"407 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138507614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarification of Phylogenetic Relationships among Chinese Nemacheilids with Tube-Shaped Anterior Nostrils, with a Description of a New Genus and Two New Species","authors":"L. Du, Shu-Jing Li, Fei Xu, T. Luo, F. Luo, Guo-Hua Yu, Jiang Zhou","doi":"10.1155/2023/3600085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3600085","url":null,"abstract":"Nostril structures are important characteristics for generic diagnosis in Nemacheilidae and Cobitidae. Based on phylogenetic analysis, we found that 10 genera within Nemacheilidae (Eonemachilus, Guinemachilus, Lefua, Micronemacheilus, Oreonectes, Paranemachilus, Protonemacheilus, Traccatichthys, Troglonectes, and Yunnanilus) shared tube-shaped anterior nostrils and formed a monophyletic group. Morphologically, the location between the anterior and posterior nostrils was divided into three types: (i) separated, i.e., a distance greater than 1.5 times the diameter of the posterior nostril; (ii) adjacent, i.e., a distance shorter than the diameter of the posterior nostril; and (iii) closely set, i.e., posterior margin of the anterior nostril connected to the anterior margin of the posterior nostril. Thus, the 10 genera can be distinguished based on nostril features. Additionally, we describe one new genus, Guinemachilus gen. nov., and two new species, Guinemachilus pseudopulcherrimus sp. nov. and Paranemachilus chongzuo sp. nov.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47021394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positive Selection in Zinc Finger Protein Reveals Genetic Signatures of Adaptive Evolution in Undifferentiated Stem Cells during Evolution in Mammals","authors":"Mahboob Ali, Palwasha Khan, Mahreen Mahmood, Jilong Han, G. Afzal, Iram Qadeer, S. Azmal, N. El-Mouhty, S. Mahmoud, Ibrahim Jafri, Muhammad Ali, Nighat Hashmi","doi":"10.1155/2023/6693488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/6693488","url":null,"abstract":"Positive selection refers to the process by which certain genetic variations are more likely to be passed on to future generations because they confer some advantage in terms of survival or reproduction. Zinc finger proteins are a type of transcription factor that plays a role in regulating gene expression, particularly in undifferentiated stem cells. Suppose it has been found that certain zinc finger proteins show genetic signatures of positive selection in mammals. In that case, it suggests that these proteins may have played a role in adaptive evolution in undifferentiated stem cells. This could mean that the specific genetic changes in these zinc finger proteins gave an advantage to the organisms that possessed them, helping them survive and reproduce more effectively. These genetic changes may have allowed the organisms to adapt to changing environments or to develop new abilities, such as increased resistance to disease or faster growth. Undifferentiated stem cells that underwent adaptive evolution during the evolution of mammals can be identified genetically by the outcomes of positive selection on zinc finger proteins. Because of selection pressures like environmental shifts or the introduction of novel pathogens, it is plausible that some zinc finger proteins have experienced fast evolution. The emergence of novel activities or higher expression levels of these proteins as a result of this quick evolution may have given the creatures that possessed them a survival edge. Another possible outcome of positive selection in zinc finger proteins is the emergence of new genetic variations that allow for increased diversity and plasticity in stem cells. This increased diversity and plasticity could have allowed for more efficient adaptation to changing environments and could have played a role in the evolution of new organisms or new characteristics in existing organisms. Overall, the results of positive selection in zinc finger proteins can provide insight into how adaptive evolution occurred in undifferentiated stem cells during the evolution of mammals and how this evolution may have contributed to the development of new organisms and new characteristics and adaptations to changing environments.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49370756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining the “Melting Pot” Genus Holosticha s. l. (Protozoa, Ciliophora, Hypotrichia) Based on Multigene Datasets with Establishment of a New Species Caudikeronopsis monilata sp. nov.","authors":"Xumiao Chen, Ju Li, Kuidong Xu","doi":"10.1155/2023/3411188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/3411188","url":null,"abstract":"The genus Holosticha s. l. is a typical “melting pot” group with an intricate history, and so far, it has been divided into eleven genera. Both newly obtained taxonomic and molecular data provide the opportunity to gain more insights to outline the taxa in it and to understand their systematic and evolutionary relationship. Here, we describe Caudikeronopsis monilata sp. nov. from intertidal sediment on the China coast of the Yellow Sea and analyze the phylogenetic relationships of Holosticha s. l. by obtaining a total of 16 new sequences of seven isolates. The results demonstrate that (1) the morphological features of Holosticha s. str. are outlined very well, but its systematic relationship with Uncinata is still puzzling; (2) based on both morphological and molecular databases, the genera Adumbratosticha, Arcuseries, Caudikeronopsis, Extraholosticha, and “Holosticha + Uncinata” complex are separated clearly from each other in the phylogenetic analyses; and (3) the Anteholosticha isolates are dispersed among the urostylids in the phylogenetic analyses, even though its generic diagnostic features are described very clearly. In the present work, however, the secondary structure predictions do not provide better resolutions for understanding the systematic and evolutionary relationships among the holostichids. And the genus Anteholosticha becomes a new “melting pot” taxon.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45016033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Evolution of Interferon-Epsilon (IFNε) Pseudogene Modulates Innate and Specific Antiviral Immunity in Manis javanica","authors":"H. I. Ahmad, Laraib Jameel, Quratulain Zahra, Jia-Bin Zhou, Linmiao Li, Xiujuan Zhang, Shakeel Ahmed, D. Ali, G. Kumar, Aleena Safdar, Farhan Abbas, Jinping Chen","doi":"10.1155/2023/2949008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/2949008","url":null,"abstract":"Interferon-Epsilon (IFNε) is a type of interferon, a protein that plays a role in the immune response to viral infections. This study is aimed at examining the molecular evolution of the IFNε pseudogene in Manis javanica, and it has been found to modulate the innate and specific antiviral immunity in this species. In this study, we identified that IFNε gene has undergone rapid evolution in Manis javanica, with the human and primate IFNε genes showing evidence of positive selection. This suggests that IFNε has played an important role in the evolution of the immune system, possibly in response to coevolution with viral pathogens. Comparative genomic analysis revealed that the IFNε pseudogene in pangolins originated from a gene duplication event approximately 48 million years ago. It subsequently lost its protein-coding function due to multiple deleterious mutations. However, the IFNε pseudogene exhibits a high degree of conservation in its promoter region, suggesting it may still play a regulatory role in antiviral immunity. This suggests that the pseudogene may have evolved to serve an important function in the pangolin’s immune system, potentially helping to protect it from viral infections. The molecular evolution of IFNε provides insights into the coevolutionary dynamics between host immune systems and viral pathogens and may have implications for developing new antiviral therapies.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48821635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolutionary History and Taxonomic Reclassification of the Critically Endangered Daggernose Shark, a Species Endemic to the Western Atlantic","authors":"Luis Fernando da Silva Rodrigues-Filho, Paula da Costa Nogueira, D. Sodré, José Rafael da Silva Leal, J. Nunes, G. Rincon, R. Lessa, I. Sampaio, M. Vallinoto, J. Ready, J. Sales","doi":"10.1155/2023/4798805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/4798805","url":null,"abstract":"The family Carcharhinidae includes the most typical and recognizable sharks, although its internal classification is the subject of extensive debate. In particular, the type genus, Carcharhinus Blainville, 1816, which is also the most speciose, appears to be paraphyletic in relation to a number of morphologically distinct taxa. Isogomphodon oxyrhynchus (Valenciennes, 1839) (the daggernose shark) is a carcharinid, which is endemic to a limited area of the Western Atlantic between Trinidad and Tobago and the Gulf of Maranhão in northern Brazil, one of the smallest ranges of any New World elasmobranch species. In recent decades, I. oxyrhynchus populations have been decimated by anthropogenic impacts, which has led to the classification of the species as critically endangered by the IUCN. However, there is considerable debate on both the validity of the species (I. oxyrhynchus) and the status of Isogomphodon Gill, 1862 as a distinct entity from the genus Carcharhinus. The present study is based on a molecular assessment of the genetic validity of the I. oxyrhynchus that combines mitochondrial and nuclear markers, which were used to identify the biogeographic events responsible for the emergence and dispersal of the species in northern Brazil. The genetic distance analyses and phylogenetic trees confirmed the paraphyly of the genus Carcharhinus, recovering a clade comprising Carcharhinus+I. oxyrhynchus+Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758). Our results indicate not only that the daggernose shark is actually a member of the genus Carcharhinus, but that it is genetically more closely related to Carcharhinus porosus (Ranzani, 1839) than it is to the other Carcharhinus species analyzed. Given this, I. oxyrhynchus and P. glauca are therefore reclassified and recognized as Carcharhinus oxyrhynchus and Carcharhinus glaucus. The daggernose shark, Carcharhinus oxyrhynchus, diverged from C. porosus during the Miocene, when significant geomorphological processes occurred on the northern coast of South America, in particular in relation to the configuration of the Amazon River. It is closely associated with the area of the Amazon plume, and its distinctive morphological features represent autapomorphic ecological adaptations to this unique habitat and do not reflect systematic distinction from Carcharhinus.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44655418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catch-All No More: Integrative Systematic Revision of the Genus Allolobophora Eisen, 1874 (Crassiclitellata, Lumbricidae) with the Description of Two New Relict Earthworm Genera","authors":"A. Navarro, Sergio Jiménez Pinadero, T. Decaëns, M. Hedde, M. Novo, D. Trigo, D. Marchán","doi":"10.1155/2023/5479917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2023/5479917","url":null,"abstract":"The taxonomy of earthworms has been riddled by instability, lack of systematically useful characters, and lax diagnoses of some genera. This has led to the use of some genera such as Allolobophora Eisen, 1874 as taxonomic wastebaskets, blurring their evolution and biogeographical history. The implementation of molecular techniques has revolutionized the systematics of the genus; however, some of its species have not been previously included in molecular phylogenetic analyses. Thus, the molecular markers COI, 16S, ND1, 12S, and 28S were sequenced for six endemic species including several taxa of Allolobophora and Aporrectodea Örely, 1885 (another related catch-all genus). Phylogenetic relationships determined by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood analyses support the status of two of the six taxa examined (Allolobophora burgondiae Bouché, 1972 and Aporrectodea icterica Savigny, 1826) as part of Allolobophora sensu stricto and a presumed synonymy between Allolobophora and Heraclescolex Qiu and Bouché, 1998. Branch lengths and average pairwise genetic distances support the transfer of Allolobophora satchelli Bouché, 1972 to the genus Panoniona Mršić and Šapkarev, 1988 and the emergence of two new genera, Heraultia gen. nov. and Vosgesia gen. nov., endemic to France, hosting Allolobophora tiginosa Bouché, 1972 and Allolobophora zicsii Bouché, 1972, respectively. The aforementioned changes of status and the diagnosis for Heraultia and Vosgesia are presented. These results provided more evolutionarily and biogeographically coherent earthworm groups and highlighted that the Maghreb and the area around the Alps are potential key locations for the diversification of Allolobophora and several lineages of Lumbricidae.","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48415743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}