Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research最新文献

{"title":"Pruning the Barcode Index Numbers tree: Morphological and genetic evidence clarifies species boundaries in the Eupithecia conterminata complex (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) in Europe","authors":"Stefano Scalercio,&nbsp;Marco Infusino,&nbsp;Peter Huemer,&nbsp;Marko Mutanen","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12568","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12568","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) are operational species units based on patterns of COI divergences that in most cases correspond to species. It has been repeatedly observed that more than one BIN can be found under the same species name particularly when large geographic scales are considered. One such case concerns <i>Eupithecia conterminata</i>, a species widespread in North European countries and restricted to mountainous regions in the rest of the continent, for which five BINs are found in Europe. In order to solve the question concerning the taxonomic status of these BINs and European populations, we employed an integrated approach by combining classical morphological traits (genitalia and wing markings) with those of molecular data, the latter involving both mitochondrial and nuclear genes. This approach allowed us to recognize two valid species in Europe, <i>E</i>. <i>conterminata</i>, currently known only in Fennoscandia, Baltic countries and Russia, and <i>Eupithecia manniaria</i> sp. rev., with distribution covering Central and South European countries. We furthermore synonymized <i>Eupithecia pindosata</i> syn. nov. from Greece with <i>E</i>. <i>manniaria</i>. The European range of these species and their mitochondrial diversity appear to be coherent with biogeographical histories of their foodplants <i>Picea abies</i> and <i>Abies</i> species.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43621285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Libania rhodia sp. nov., a new predatory semislug from Rhodes (Gastropoda: Oxychilidae), and its phylogenetic and biogeographic relationships","authors":"Bernhard Hausdorf,&nbsp;Konstantinos Kalaentzis","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12570","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12570","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A new predatory semislug, <i>Libania rhodia</i> sp. nov. (Oxychilidae: Daudebardiinae), is described from Rhodes. Whereas rudimentary shells of <i>L. rhodia</i> were previously identified with <i>Lotharia cretica</i> from Crete, the investigation of the genitalia demonstrated that it is a distinct species that differs from <i>L</i>. <i>cretica</i> in the lack of an externally differentiated epiphallus, the lack of a penis coecum, and the longer pedunculus of the bursa copulatrix. Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on mitochondrial and nuclear DNA sequences showed that, contrary to previous classifications, <i>Libania</i> is more closely related to <i>Lotharia</i> than to <i>Daudebardia</i>. <i>Libania rhodia</i> and <i>L. cretica</i> split already in the Early Miocene. The ancestor of the <i>Libania</i>–<i>Lotharia</i> clade colonized Crete from the east before a marine ingression formed the mid-Aegean trench, which separated Crete from the east Aegean Islands and Anatolia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jzs.12570","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45133575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the real magnitude of the arachnid order Ricinulei through deep Sanger sequencing across its distribution range and phylogenomics, with the formalization of the first species from the Lesser Antilles","authors":"Ligia R. Benavides,&nbsp;Savel R. Daniels,&nbsp;Gonzalo Giribet","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12546","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12546","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ricinulei (hooded tick spiders or tick beetles), considered one of the smaller arachnid orders, is an ancient clade whose affinities are still debated. With three recognized genera, short-range endemism, and strict fidelity to the landmasses that have seen them evolve for hundreds of millions of years, the group has emerged as a novel system to understand deep biogeographic processes. Here we undertake a combined approach using phylotranscriptomics and deep Sanger sequencing of 133 ricinuleid specimens to better understand their relationships, divergence times, and species ranges by using a series of species delimitation analyses. Our results support the monophyly of the three recognized genera, <i>Ricinoides</i> in Africa, <i>Pseudocellus</i> in North America, and <i>Cryptocellus</i> in Mesoamerica and South America. <i>Ricinoides</i> is further divided into two or three deep clades corresponding to different ancestral forest refugia, and the sampled <i>Cryptocellus</i> segregate into a Mesoamerican and a South American clade, but a new species from Tobago is the sister group to the Mesoamerican clade in the transcriptomic analysis and not part of the South American clade. Despite not being known from adults, but given the fact that this is the only Ricinulei species from the Lesser Antilles and its pivotal phylogenetic position, the species is here formalized as <i>Cryptocellus tobagoensis</i> Giribet &amp; Benavides <b>sp. nov.</b> Finally, species delimitation methods generally do well recognizing morphospecies, but they are unable to distinguish among some of them, suggesting the need for re-study of some of these species complexes and perhaps synonymy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44269045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phylogeographic advances in midwife toads (Alytes) support the existence of a novel taxon endemic to the Central Pyrenees","authors":"Christophe Dufresnes,&nbsp;Axel Hernandez","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12564","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12564","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Although necessary to promote conservation, defining evolutionary units and naming biodiversity remain a difficult task, especially in problematic species groups that experienced a dynamic biogeographic history. In this article, we undertake such task for midwife toads of the <i>Alytes obstetricans</i> complex by integrating recent molecular studies altogether—multilocus phylogenies and population genetic barcoding. Despite a partly unresolved phylogeny underlain by deep cyto-nuclear discordances, nuclear and mitochondrial evidence support the validity of six genuine lineages assigned to two different species (<i>A</i>. <i>obstetricans</i> and <i>A</i>. <i>almogavarii</i>), which could be accurately mapped across most of their ranges. In particular, we demonstrate the existence for an overlooked yet genetically distinct lineage previously confounded with <i>A</i>. <i>almogavarii</i>, confined to the northern part of Huesca Province in the Spanish Central Pyrenees. We describe this micro-endemic as the subspecies <i>Alytes almogavarii inigoi</i> ssp. nov., with reports on the mating call and the larvae. Conservation genetics of eight populations of this new taxon revealed two independent conservation units, separated by topographic barriers. In the wait for upcoming genomic analyses to unravel many elusive aspects of the evolution, diversity and systematics of <i>Alytes</i>, the present paper offers an integrative phylogeographic overview to guide future investigations and generally illustrates how multiple lines of molecular evidence can be combined to clarify the confusing taxonomy of complex species groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43981996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introgressive hybridization between two phylogenetic lineages of charrs (Salvelinus: Salmonidae) in northeastern Asia","authors":"Alla G. Oleinik,&nbsp;Evgeniia I. Bondar,&nbsp;Andrey D. Kukhlevsky,&nbsp;Lubov A. Skurikhina,&nbsp;Natalia E. Kovpak","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12563","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12563","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many lacustrine charrs of the genus <i>Salvelinus</i> were described as separate species, and their origin and phylogenetic relationships are still under debate. In this study, we described the genetic variation of charrs from Lake Grand (Elikchan Lake Group, the mainland coast of the Sea of Okhotsk, Russia) and several locations outside of this system based on eight microsatellite (ms) loci and mitochondrial (mt) DNA control region. We tested the hypothesis of the resident charr membership to (a) the Arctic lineage of <i>Salvelinus taranetzi</i> sensu (Oleinik et al., <i>Russian Journal of Genetics</i>, 51, 2015, 55); (b) the Bering lineage of the Northern Dolly Varden <i>Salvelinus malma malma</i>; and (c) the Atlantic lineage of the Arctic charr <i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>. Analysis of phylogenetic relationships based on the mtDNA control region showed that all individuals from Lake Grand grouped with the Bering lineage. Bayesian analysis using msDNA supports the clustering together of charrs from Lake Grand and Arctic lineage, regardless of their mtDNA haplotypes. Incongruence between mtDNA and msDNA markers provided strong evidence of historical mtDNA introgression from <i>S</i>. <i>malma malma</i> to <i>S</i>. <i>taranetzi</i>. Patterns of divergence confirm a postglacial secondary contact of the representatives of Arctic and Bering lineages in the area of the Sea of Okhotsk coast and past hybridization in Lake Grand with the following features: (a) complete fixation of introgressed mtDNA of one species within populations of another and (b) absence of modern population of <i>S</i>. <i>malma malma</i> in the lake.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41259082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive appraisal of evolutionary diversity in venomous Asian coralsnakes of the genus Sinomicrurus (Serpentes: Elapidae) using Bayesian coalescent inference and supervised machine learning","authors":"Utpal Smart,&nbsp;Matthew J. Ingrasci,&nbsp;Goutam C. Sarker,&nbsp;Hmartlawmte Lalremsanga,&nbsp;Robert W. Murphy,&nbsp;Hidetoshi Ota,&nbsp;Ming Chung Tu,&nbsp;Yogesh Shouche,&nbsp;Nikolai L. Orlov,&nbsp;Eric N. Smith","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12547","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12547","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While species boundaries between conspicuously divergent populations of the medically important snake genus <i>Sinomicrurus</i> are well established, instances of erratic chromatic and meristic variation continue to confound taxonomists, since the mid-1800s. This predicament can be attributed to an inadequate molecular phylogenetic framework and the lack of a comprehensive taxonomic representation of geographic variants. Here, we revisit lineage delineation in this genus, drawing cohesive evidence from a plurality of data and analysis types, including a promising, yet taxonomically under-utilized, supervised machine learning algorithm (random forest). Overall, this study incorporates data generated by molecular analyses as well as morphometrics and comparative anatomy based on 236 specimens from 28 different natural history collections examined by us, and an additional 161 records from 47 other sources. Our results indicate several very divergent evolutionary lineages concealed as subspecies. Thus, to better reflect this phylogenetic diversity, we raise <i>S</i>.<i> macclellandi iwasakii</i> from the southern Ryukyus and <i>S</i>.<i> m</i>.<i> swinhoei</i> from Taiwan to full species, and resurrect <i>S</i>.<i> annularis</i>. We highlight the need to distinguish at species level the current subspecies of <i>S</i>.<i> japonicus</i>, namely as, <i>S</i>.<i> japonicus</i> and <i>S</i>.<i> boettgeri</i>, and provide diagnostic characters to that end. On the other hand, given unpersuasive support of lineage independence, we sink Taiwanese <i>S</i>.<i> hatori</i> into <i>S</i>.<i> sauteri</i> and <i>S</i>.<i> nigriventer</i> into <i>S</i>.<i> macclellandi</i>. We also meticulously redescribe <i>S</i>.<i> peinani</i> from mainland China and Vietnam based on a substantial number of additional specimens, while synonymizing the recently described <i>S</i>.<i> houi</i> under <i>S</i>.<i> kelloggi</i>. We conclude with a discussion on the role of regional biogeography as a primary driver of cladogenesis in the genus.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49152120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hidden diversity, ancient divergences, and tentative Pleistocene microrefugia of European scorpions (Euscorpiidae: Euscorpiinae) in the eastern Adriatic region","authors":"Martina Podnar,&nbsp;Irena Grbac,&nbsp;Nikola Tvrtković,&nbsp;Christoph Hörweg,&nbsp;Elisabeth Haring","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12562","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12562","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The systematics and taxonomy of the scorpion family Euscorpiidae are still unresolved, and, within it, the eastern Adriatic scorpiofauna is largely unknown and under-researched. Based on two mitochondrial sequences (<i>COI</i> and <i>16S rRNA</i>) and one nuclear marker sequence (<i>ITS1</i>), we put 107 newly analyzed samples originating from the Alps, the Eastern Adriatic, and the adjacent Dinaric karst area into phylogenetic context. Several species delineation approaches were applied to reveal cryptic diversity. Divergence time dating was used to highlight the major events in the evolutionary history of the genera <i>Euscorpius</i> and <i>Alpiscorpius</i>. The deep intraspecific genetic divergences observed in some clades warrant taxonomic revision of several taxa (<i>Euscorpius tergestinus</i>, <i>Euscorpius hadzii</i>, <i>Euscorpius biokovensis</i>, and <i>Euscorpius</i> (<i>Alpiscorpius</i>) <i>croaticus</i>). In this study, the population of <i>E</i>.<i> hadzii</i> from Lastovo Island (formerly <i>Euscorpius carpaticus lagostae</i>) is elevated to species level as <i>Euscorpius lagostae</i> Di Caporiacco, 1950, stat. nov. <i>Euscorpius croaticus</i> is moved to the genus <i>Alpiscorpius</i> as <i>Alpiscorpius croaticus</i> (Di Caporiacco, 1950) comb. nov. The distribution ranges of several species are revised, and based on the new data, a more detailed revision of species distribution is necessary. We attribute the major divergence events to the impact of the Middle Miocene Climate Transition, the Messinian Salinity Crisis, and the Middle Pleistocene Climate Transition. The observed patterns are therefore a direct consequence of the geological history and complex topography of the region, which provided numerous microhabitats, as well as of the Pleistocene microrefugia that enabled their persistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47590310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic differentiation of autochthonous sable populations in Western and Eastern Siberia","authors":"Maryana Ranyuk,&nbsp;Makar Modorov,&nbsp;Vladimir Monakhov,&nbsp;Gennadiy Devyatkin","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12565","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12565","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Morphological variation and active migration of sables (<i>Martes zibellina</i> Linnaeus, 1758) cause confusion in this species’ intraspecific taxonomy. Four to 17 subspecies have been described thus far. In this study, we clarified sable population structure using 11 microsatellite loci in 665 specimens from 33 sable populations. According to subspecies taxonomy, we expect to find four genetic groups. Our results confirmed the presence of two genetic groups in the territories of Western Siberia (subspecies <i>Martes zibellina zibellina</i> Linnaeus, 1758) and the Western Altai Mountains (subspecies <i>Martes zibellina averini</i> Bashanov, 1943). Another genetic group is formed by the populations of the Central Siberian Plateau and presumably represents the subspecies <i>Martes zibellina yeniseensis</i> Ognev, 1925. Previous descriptions of the area occupied by this subspecies include the mountain regions of Southern Siberia. We found a few genetic groups in the Baikal region, whereas only one subspecies <i>Martes zibellina princeps</i> Birula, 1918 had been described previously.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43678404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular phylogeny and systematic of the Schneider's skink Eumeces schneiderii (Daudin, 1802) (Squamata: Scincidae)","authors":"Hiva Faizi,&nbsp;Nasrullah Rastegar-Pouyani,&nbsp;Eskandar Rastegar-Pouyani,&nbsp;Mahdi Rajabizadeh,&nbsp;Çetin Ilgaz,&nbsp;Kamil Candan,&nbsp;Yusuf Kumlutaş","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Eumeces</i> is a little-known group of skinks with few phylogenies published. Within its distribution range, five subspecies were identified for Schneider's Skink (<i>Eumeces schneiderii</i>) based on color pattern, pholidosis, intra- and inter-subspecific relationships, but the validity of these taxa has yet to be assessed using molecular markers. Here, a robust phylogeny of the <i>E. schneiderii</i> group is presented based on three molecular markers (<i>Cytb</i>, <i>16S</i> rRNA, and <i>c</i>-<i>mos</i>) from 80 samples collected across Anatolia and the Iranian Plateau. Both Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian Inference approaches were used to infer phylogenetic relationships within this group. The results revealed monophyly of <i>E</i>. <i>schneiderii</i> subspecies and <i>Eumeces persicus</i>. These clades also differ in habitat preferences, with the small-bodied, striped forms generally inhabiting lower elevations and drier environments than the larger, uniform morph <i>E</i>. <i>schneiderii</i> subspecies. Molecular-clock dating based on <i>Cytb</i> implies that most speciation events took place during the Upper Miocene to Lower Pliocene. A strongly supported basal dichotomy of <i>Eumeces schneiderii zarudnyi</i> + <i>E</i>. <i>persicus</i> in the southern and eastern slopes of the Zagros Mountains, with the <i>E</i>. <i>schneiderii</i> subspecies in the western Zagros, was identified in all individual and concatenated trees. <i>Eumeces schneiderii zarudnyi</i> should be elevated to species level and, therefore, we propose the name <i>Eumeces zarudnyi</i> for this taxon, increasing the number of species in the genus to seven described species.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138154202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DNA barcoding of Iranian leeches (Annelida: Clitellata: Hirudinida)","authors":"Kaveh Darabi-Darestani,&nbsp;Alireza Sari,&nbsp;Andrii Khomenko,&nbsp;Sebastian Kvist,&nbsp;Serge Utevsky","doi":"10.1111/jzs.12538","DOIUrl":"10.1111/jzs.12538","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The diversity of freshwater leeches (Clitellata; Hirudinida) of Iran was estimated by employing both DNA barcoding and species delimitation methods. Phylogenetic relationships of arhynchobdellid (including Hirudinidae, Praobdellidae, Haemopidae, and Erpobdellidae) and rhynchobdellid (Glossiphoniidae) leeches were reconstructed, based on the cytochrome <i>c</i> oxidase subunit I (<i>COI</i>) locus, using both new sequence data and those available from GenBank. Our results suggest that each of <i>Helobdella stagnalis</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), <i>Glossiphonia concolor</i> (Aphathy, 1888), <i>Erpobdella borisi</i> Cichocka &amp; Bielecki, 2015, <i>Dina lineata</i> (O.F. Müller, 1774), <i>Hirudo orientalis</i> Utevsky and Trontelj, 2005, <i>Haemopis sanguisuga</i> (Linnaeus, 1758), <i>Limnatis paluda</i> (Tennent, 1859), and two unidentified species of <i>Dina</i> and <i>Trocheta</i> (these did not find species-level matches in GenBank) are present in Iran. A potential case of phenotypic change in response to ecological adaptation was observed in <i>E. borisi</i> insofar as two genetically identical sub- and super-terranean morphotypes were distinguished. The glossiphoniids of Iran and Europe are admixed in the phylogenetic tree, revealing low <i>COI</i> variation and no divergence within species between the continents for these taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":54751,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2021-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42273840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}