Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems最新文献

Patterns in and predictors of stream and river macroinvertebrate genera and fish species richness across the conterminous USA. 美国本土溪流和河流大型无脊椎动物属和鱼类物种丰富度的模式和预测因素。

IF 1.6 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2023-07-20 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2023014

Robert M Hughes, Alan T Herlihy, Randy Comeleo, David V Peck, Richard M Mitchell, Steven G Paulsen

{"title":"Patterns in and predictors of stream and river macroinvertebrate genera and fish species richness across the conterminous USA.","authors":"Robert M Hughes, Alan T Herlihy, Randy Comeleo, David V Peck, Richard M Mitchell, Steven G Paulsen","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2023014","DOIUrl":"10.1051/kmae/2023014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both native and non-native taxa richness patterns are useful for evaluating areas of greatest conservation concern. To determine those patterns, we analyzed fish and macroinvertebrate taxa richness data obtained at 3475 sites collected by the USEPA's National Rivers and Streams Assessment. We also determined which natural and anthropogenic variables best explained patterns in regional richness. Macroinvertebrate and fish richness increased with the number of sites sampled per region. Therefore, we determined residual taxa richness from the deviation of observed richness from predicted richness given the number of sites per region. Regional richness markedly exceeded average site richness for both macroinvertebrates and fish. Predictors of macroinvertebrate-genus and fish-species residual-regional richness differed. Air temperature was an important predictor in both cases but was positive for fish and negative for macroinvertebrates. Both natural and land use variables were significant predictors of regional richness. This study is the first to determine mean site and regional richness of both fish and aquatic macroinvertebrates across the conterminous USA, and the key anthropogenic drivers of regional richness. Thus, it offers important insights into regional USA biodiversity hotspots.</p>","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"424 19","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10428169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10403518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of two subtropical piscivorous fish species on sediment disturbance and water quality: Implication for restoration by stocking piscivores 两种亚热带食鱼鱼类对沉积物扰动和水质的影响:对放养鱼类恢复的启示

3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2023021

Tian Qian, Hu He, Kuanyi Li, Chunlei Yue, Erik Jeppesen

{"title":"Effects of two subtropical piscivorous fish species on sediment disturbance and water quality: Implication for restoration by stocking piscivores","authors":"Tian Qian, Hu He, Kuanyi Li, Chunlei Yue, Erik Jeppesen","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2023021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2023021","url":null,"abstract":"Subtropical lakes are often dominated by benthi-omnivorous fish ( e.g. , crucian carp) that may substantially disturb sediments and thereby increase water turbidity and nutrient concentrations. Piscivores stocking is sometimes used to control these benthi-omnivores in the expectation that they will reduce their adverse effects on the water quality. However, in shallow subtropical lakes the benthic foraging activities of piscivorous fish may also disturb sediments, a topic that has not yet been well elucidated. Here, we conducted a 6-day mesocosm experiment to explore the bioturbation effects of two native subtropical piscivorous fish ( i.e. , snakehead, Channa argus and mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi ) in prey fish (crucian carp, Carassius carassius ) present and absent scenarios. Our results showed that in mesocosms without prey, both snakehead and mandarin fish greatly increased the concentrations of suspended solids. However, the concentrations of total, organic and inorganic suspended solids were significantly higher in the mesocosms with snakehead than in those with mandarin fish, suggesting that snakehead has higher bioturbation effects than mandarin fish. When crucian carp were present, we found that both snakehead and mandarin fish significantly reduced prey abundance, whereas piscivore stocking did not significantly decrease the suspended solids and nutrient concentrations. Our study revealed differential effects of two subtropical piscivorous fish species on sediment disturbance and water quality, and we suggest that for lake restoration with piscivores stocking, mandarin fish are a better option than snakehead fish as their predation effect was equal but the strength of sediment disturbance by mandarin fish was lower than that of snakehead.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136373648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of a fine-spaced angled rack with surface bypass in providing safe and timely downstream passage for salmon smolts and silver eels 带表面旁路的细间距倾斜支架为鲑鱼幼崽和银鳗提供安全及时的下游通道的评估

3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2023020

Stéphane Tétard, Dominique Courret, Laurence Tissot, Sylvain Richard, Thierry Lagarrigue, Aurélien Frey, Vincent Mataix, Olivier Mercier, Sylvie Tomanova

{"title":"Evaluation of a fine-spaced angled rack with surface bypass in providing safe and timely downstream passage for salmon smolts and silver eels","authors":"Stéphane Tétard, Dominique Courret, Laurence Tissot, Sylvain Richard, Thierry Lagarrigue, Aurélien Frey, Vincent Mataix, Olivier Mercier, Sylvie Tomanova","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2023020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2023020","url":null,"abstract":"Hydropower production can cause migration delay and fish mortality, impeding the safe and timely downstream migration of diadromous fish, such as Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) and silver eels ( Anguilla anguilla ). To date, only a few field performance tests, especially for eels, have evaluated the efficiency of fine-spaced angled racks associated to a surface bypass entrance to protect fish. Here, 115 salmon smolts and 65 silver eels were radio-tracked over a 2 yr period to assess passage efficiency and passage time at a hydropower intake (50 m 3 .s −1 ) retrofitted with a 20 mm rack associated to a surface bypass (2 m 3 .s −1 ). Results showed high impediment (89.6% and 96.9% for smolts and eels, respectively), and passage efficiency for the angled rack (89.1% and 93.3%), with short passage times (median, 3 and 7.5 min). However, our results highlighted a strong influence of hydrological conditions, in enhancing fish passage, especially through the bear-trap gate. We conclude that this fish passage solution, making use of existing spillways on the study site, is highly effective for both species. Special attention must, however, be paid to bar-rack design and its cleaning system to ensure fish guidance and prevent impingement or passage through the rack, especially for salmon smolts.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135260968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mislabelling may explain why some prohibited invasive aquatic plants are still being sold in Belgium 错误的标签可能解释了为什么一些被禁止的入侵水生植物仍在比利时出售

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2022005

Tom Van den Neucker, K. Scheers

{"title":"Mislabelling may explain why some prohibited invasive aquatic plants are still being sold in Belgium","authors":"Tom Van den Neucker, K. Scheers","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2022005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022005","url":null,"abstract":"In Belgium, a voluntary code of conduct intended to prevent introduction of invasive plants through the horticultural trade has been implemented since 2009. European Regulation 1143/2014 that imposes legal bans on a number of plant taxa entered into force in 2015. However, studies regarding the presence of invasive plants in the Belgian horticultural trade remained scarce. In 2016–2017 and in 2020, we surveyed a total of 11 garden centres specialized in water gardening and compiled a list of 285 aquatic plant taxa that were being traded. In 2020, four Belgian Consensus List species and one Communication List species were still offered for sale. Also, three species of Union Concern were still being sold in 2020. The plants of the Belgian Lists that were still being sold in 2020 and all except one of the European Union List plants were mislabelled, either because of misidentification or because a taxonomic synonym was used. Mislabelling may explain why some prohibited plants were still in trade. Therefore, retailers and plant producers should be encouraged to correctly identify the plants that are being traded. Our study illustrates that regular surveys are essential to assess the effectiveness of voluntary codes of conduct and legal trade bans.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88955905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Water quality in three potential drought refuges in an arid-land river: assessing habitat suitability for at-risk fish species 一条干旱区河流中三个潜在干旱避难所的水质:评估濒危鱼类的栖息地适宜性

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2022002

David Van Horn, Justin K. Reale, Thomas P. Archdeacon

{"title":"Water quality in three potential drought refuges in an arid-land river: assessing habitat suitability for at-risk fish species","authors":"David Van Horn, Justin K. Reale, Thomas P. Archdeacon","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2022002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022002","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is a common disturbance in arid-land streams and rivers. The survival of aquatic species depends on access to refuge habitats where water quality remains high. Over the past century, modified flow regimes and altered watershed and instream characteristics have led to the extinction and endangerment of numerous fish species endemic to the southwestern United States. We assessed the water quality of potential drought refuges in the Middle Rio Grande (MRG), with an emphasis on suitability for the endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow (RGSM). We examined three types of potential drought refuges: three agricultural return drain outfalls; three isolated pools that remained during streamflow intermittency; and a reach with perennial flow below an agricultural diversion dam. All potential refuges are known to contain RGSM and other fishes. Two out of three drain outfalls, one out of three isolated pools, and three out of ten kilometers of perennially wetted stream below a dam met basic water quality criteria necessary to support RGSM populations. These findings suggest that refuge habitability is context dependent, that generalizations regarding the suitability of a specific refuge type should be avoided, and that careful assessment is required to determine if a specific location will support fish assemblages. Although some areas may contain water, they may represent ecological traps if fish are exposed to poor water quality conditions compared to other potential refuge habitats.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"240 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72539048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The vulnerability of British aquatic insects to climate change 英国水生昆虫对气候变化的脆弱性

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2022003

C. Macadam, J. England, R. Chadd

引用次数: 2

Increasing fish diversity of Chicago's waterways 增加芝加哥水道鱼类的多样性

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2021038

Austin Happel

{"title":"Increasing fish diversity of Chicago's waterways","authors":"Austin Happel","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2021038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2021038","url":null,"abstract":"Descriptions of shifts in biodiversity across time are desired for urban freshwater systems to better study ecosystem change and causal mechanisms. I document changes in fish diversity within the Chicago Area Waterways across 35 years using a battery of diversity metrics calculated on both abundance and biomass data. Has diversity of Chicago's waterways changed over 35 years and if so, do different diversity metrics exhibit different trends or breakpoints in trends? Diversity of the fish assemblage increased across the three decades of study. Breakpoint analysis suggested that trends across the timeseries were nonlinear. Changes in dominant species influenced behavior of less traditional metrics, whereas Margalef's Richness, Shannon-Weiner, and Gini-Simpson appeared more robust. Increases in richness and taxonomic diversity combined with decreases in species dominance suggest an ecosystem of increasing quality. The fish community of the Chicago Area Waterway System is more diverse both in abundance as well as biomass (i.e., energy flows) in the late 2010's than it was in the late 1980's. Although external factors related to wastewater treatment increased water quality and likely led to these assemblage-level changes breakpoint analysis did not allow verification of causal mechanisms.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84828902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The incidence of alien species on the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of lentic and lotic communities dominated by Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud 外来物种对芦苇(Phragmites australis, Cav.)优势生境的分类、系统发育和功能多样性的影响Steud

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2022001

Maria Beatrice Castellani, L. Lastrucci, L. Lazzaro, R. Bolpagni, Alice Dalla Vecchia, A. Coppi

{"title":"The incidence of alien species on the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and functional diversity of lentic and lotic communities dominated by Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud","authors":"Maria Beatrice Castellani, L. Lastrucci, L. Lazzaro, R. Bolpagni, Alice Dalla Vecchia, A. Coppi","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2022001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022001","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate, for the first time, the multiple diversity harbored in plant communities dominated by P. australis, discriminating between lentic and lotic habitats. We focused on the incidence of alien species on taxonomical, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Although it was hypothesized that ecological differences between habitats (lentic vs. lotic) could lead to plant adaptive trade-offs, results showed that the P. australis dominance affected overall plant diversity in the same way in both target habitats. Similarly, the two compared habitats hosted a similar alien species richness and relative abundance. Different results were observed based on whether the alien species richness or their relative abundance were considered regarding the incidence of alien species. Increasing alien species richness in lentic habitats resulted in increased taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity. Instead, in lotic habitats, it promoted a decrease in taxonomic and functional diversity. In contrast, the increase in the relative abundance of alien species resulted in increased taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity in both habitats. Choosing relative abundance vs richness of aliens in lotic stands can have a different impact in evaluating the effect of aliens on various components of diversity.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74455869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Autumn dispersal and limited success of reproduction of the deepbody bitterling (Acheilognathus longipinnis) in terrestrialized floodplain 陆化河漫滩上深体苦鱼的秋季扩散和有限的繁殖成功

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2022004

S. Nagayama, Munehiro Oota, Tomohiko Fujita, J. Kitamura, T. Minamoto, Seiichi Mori, Masayuki Kato, Naofumi Takeyama, Fumiya Takino, R. Yonekura, H. Yamanaka

{"title":"Autumn dispersal and limited success of reproduction of the deepbody bitterling (Acheilognathus longipinnis) in terrestrialized floodplain","authors":"S. Nagayama, Munehiro Oota, Tomohiko Fujita, J. Kitamura, T. Minamoto, Seiichi Mori, Masayuki Kato, Naofumi Takeyama, Fumiya Takino, R. Yonekura, H. Yamanaka","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2022004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2022004","url":null,"abstract":"The terrestrialization of floodplains has become a concern to river managers and ecologists because it has degraded habitats for floodplain-dependent organisms. We examined the temporal distributions of the endangered deepbody bitterling (Acheilognathus longipinnis) throughout its life history, which is an autumn-spawning annual fish spending its egg and larval stages in unionid mussels and emerging in spring, to understand its population decline in the terrestrialized floodplains of the Kiso River, central Japan. We first validated our A. longipinnis environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling method and observed an 89.3% probability of consistency between the eDNA and the direct capture surveys of 56 floodplain waterbodies (FWBs). Subsequently, the temporal distributions with autumn dispersal (9 of 14 FWBs) were found using time-series eDNA samples collected from 14 FWBs on a floodplain with a length and width of 1.4 and 0.2 km, respectively. In the following spring, juveniles were only detected in the two FWBs connected to the river channel. Moreover, the direct capture data revealed that juveniles occurred in 52.9% (9/17) of the connected FWBs, but only in 5.1% (2/39) of the FWBs isolated from the river channel. Autumn dispersal of A. longipinnis would be disadvantageous for reproduction in terrestrialized floodplains with numerous isolated FWBs.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77606265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Considering mesohabitat scale in ecological impact assessment of sediment flushing 考虑中生境尺度的冲沙生态影响评价

IF 1.8 3区环境科学与生态学

Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1051/kmae/2021037

A. Doretto, P. Espa, F. Salmaso, G. Crosa, S. Quadroni

{"title":"Considering mesohabitat scale in ecological impact assessment of sediment flushing","authors":"A. Doretto, P. Espa, F. Salmaso, G. Crosa, S. Quadroni","doi":"10.1051/kmae/2021037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2021037","url":null,"abstract":"Benthic macroinvertebrates respond to several factors characterizing the physical habitats, as water depth, current and streambed substrate. Thus, anthropogenic disturbances altering these factors may have different effects on benthos, also depending on mesohabitats. These disturbances include sediment flushing operations, commonly carried out to recover reservoir capacity, and investigating their effects at mesohabitat scale could be relevant for an adequate ecological impact assessment of these operations. Here, we compared benthic macroinvertebrate communities sampled before and after a controlled sediment flushing operation in three different mesohabitats (a pool, a riffle and a step-pool) of an Alpine stream. Contrary from expectations, the composition of macroinvertebrate assemblages was not significantly different among mesohabitats. Moreover, the impact of sediment flushing was more significant in terms of density rather than in richness. Two stressor-specific indices were tested, but only one (the Siltation Index for LoTic EcoSystems − SILTES) clearly detected the impact of sediment flushing on the macroinvertebrate community structure. Finally, some differences in the temporal trajectories and recovery times to pre-flushing conditions were observed among mesohabitats, both if the three mesohabitats were considered separately and if all their possible combinations were accounted for. Particularly, riffle was the most sensitive mesohabitat, not fully recovering one year after the sediment disturbance.","PeriodicalId":54748,"journal":{"name":"Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79134878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2