Evaluation of a fine-spaced angled rack with surface bypass in providing safe and timely downstream passage for salmon smolts and silver eels

IF 1.6 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 FISHERIES
Stéphane Tétard, Dominique Courret, Laurence Tissot, Sylvain Richard, Thierry Lagarrigue, Aurélien Frey, Vincent Mataix, Olivier Mercier, Sylvie Tomanova
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Abstract

Hydropower production can cause migration delay and fish mortality, impeding the safe and timely downstream migration of diadromous fish, such as Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar ) and silver eels ( Anguilla anguilla ). To date, only a few field performance tests, especially for eels, have evaluated the efficiency of fine-spaced angled racks associated to a surface bypass entrance to protect fish. Here, 115 salmon smolts and 65 silver eels were radio-tracked over a 2 yr period to assess passage efficiency and passage time at a hydropower intake (50 m 3 .s −1 ) retrofitted with a 20 mm rack associated to a surface bypass (2 m 3 .s −1 ). Results showed high impediment (89.6% and 96.9% for smolts and eels, respectively), and passage efficiency for the angled rack (89.1% and 93.3%), with short passage times (median, 3 and 7.5 min). However, our results highlighted a strong influence of hydrological conditions, in enhancing fish passage, especially through the bear-trap gate. We conclude that this fish passage solution, making use of existing spillways on the study site, is highly effective for both species. Special attention must, however, be paid to bar-rack design and its cleaning system to ensure fish guidance and prevent impingement or passage through the rack, especially for salmon smolts.
带表面旁路的细间距倾斜支架为鲑鱼幼崽和银鳗提供安全及时的下游通道的评估
水电生产会造成洄游延迟和鱼类死亡,阻碍大西洋鲑鱼(Salmo salar)和银鳗(Anguilla Anguilla)等双产卵鱼类安全、及时地向下游洄游。迄今为止,只有少数现场性能测试,特别是针对鳗鱼的测试,评估了与地面旁路入口相关的细间距角度支架的效率,以保护鱼类。在这里,115条鲑鱼幼鱼和65条银鳗在2年的时间内进行了无线电跟踪,以评估在水电进水口(50米3秒−1)安装了与表面旁路(2米3秒−1)相关的20毫米机架的通过效率和通过时间。结果表明,小鱼苗和鳗鲡的阻力高(分别为89.6%和96.9%),通过效率高(89.1%和93.3%),通过时间短(中位数分别为3和7.5 min)。然而,我们的研究结果强调了水文条件对增强鱼类通道的强烈影响,特别是通过捕熊器门。我们的结论是,这种利用研究地点现有溢洪道的鱼类通道解决方案对这两个物种都非常有效。然而,必须特别注意杠架的设计及其清洁系统,以确保鱼的引导,防止撞击或通过架,特别是对鲑鱼幼崽。
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来源期刊
Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems
Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
5.60%
发文量
22
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems (KMAE-Bulletin Français de la Pêche et de la Pisciculture since 1928) serves as a foundation for scientific advice across the broad spectrum of management and conservation issues related to freshwater ecosystems. The journal publishes articles, short communications, reviews, comments and replies that contribute to a scientific understanding of freshwater ecosystems and the impact of human activities upon these systems. Its scope includes economic, social, and public administration studies, in so far as they are directly concerned with the management of freshwater ecosystems (e.g. European Water Framework Directive, USA Clean Water Act, Canadian Water Quality Guidelines, …) and prove of general interest to freshwater specialists. Papers on insular freshwater ecosystems and on transitional waters are welcome. KMAE is not a preferred journal for taxonomical, physiological, biological, toxicological studies, unless a clear link to ecological aspects can be established. Articles with a very descriptive content can be accepted if they are part of a broader ecological context.
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