Landscape Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Short-term evolution pattern in salt marsh landscapes: the importance of physical constraints","authors":"Liming Xue, Tianyou Li, Xiuzhen Li, Yuxin Bi, Lin Su, Yuanhao Song, Wenzhen Zhao, Jianzhong Ge, Qing He, Benwei Shi","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01898-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01898-w","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Salt marsh landscapes at the land-sea interfaces exhibit contrasting spatiotemporal dynamics, resulting from varying physical constraints that limit new marsh establishment. The expansion of salt marsh landscapes towards the sea or their retreat towards the land is determined by patch-level changes, relying on the balance of power between the intrinsic biota traits and external physical disturbances.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Examine how marsh dynamics respond to physical constraints, and clarify the pathway from coupled physical processes involving hydrodynamic forces, sediment transport, and morphological changes to rapid patch evolution and landscape changes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We defined and distinguished four types of marsh changes based on patch proximities from five-month drone images in two typical marsh pioneer zones of the Yangtze Estuary, China: outlying expansion, edge expansion, infilling expansion, and retreat. Hydrodynamics and sediment transport were synchronously measured and compared near the two marsh edges, and morphological changes were generated by drone-derived digital elevation models (DEMs).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We identified distinct seasonal patterns of net marsh expansion at the accretion-prone site, that is: Net marsh expansion started from the outlying expansion in spring, followed by edge expansion in summer and infilling expansion in autumn. However, at the erosion-prone site that experienced high bed shear stress, low sediment availability and high seaward sediment transport, we only observed limited infilling and edge expansion in spring. This suggests that the potential for long-distance patch formation beyond the initial marsh edges is diminished in areas subjected to intensive physical disturbances.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Patch evolution dynamics in response to site-specific physical constraints drive state differentiation of salt marsh landscape changes. Consequently, the heterogeneous evolution in salt marsh landscapes should be taken into account in restoration practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A family of process-based models to simulate landscape use by multiple taxa","authors":"Emma Gardner, Robert A. Robinson, Angela Julian, Katherine Boughey, Steve Langham, Jenny Tse-Leon, Sergei Petrovskii, David J. Baker, Chloe Bellamy, Andrew Buxton, Samantha Franks, Chris Monk, Nicola Morris, Kirsty J. Park, Silviu Petrovan, Katie Pitt, Rachel Taylor, Rebecca K. Turner, Steven J. R. Allain, Val Bradley, Richard K. Broughton, Mandy Cartwright, Kevin Clarke, Jon Cranfield, Elisa Fuentes-Montemayor, Robert Gandola, Tony Gent, Shelley A. Hinsley, Thomas Madsen, Chris Reading, John W. Redhead, Sonia Reveley, John Wilkinson, Carol Williams, Ian Woodward, John Baker, Philip Briggs, Sheila Dyason, Steve Langton, Ashlea Mawby, Richard F. Pywell, James M. Bullock","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01866-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01866-4","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Land-use change is a key driver of biodiversity loss. Models that accurately predict how biodiversity might be affected by land-use changes are urgently needed, to help avoid further negative impacts and inform landscape-scale restoration projects. To be effective, such models must balance model realism with computational tractability and must represent the different habitat and connectivity requirements of multiple species.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We explored the extent to which process-based modelling might fulfil this role, examining feasibility for different taxa and potential for informing real-world decision-making.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We developed a family of process-based models (*4pop) that simulate landscape use by birds, bats, reptiles and amphibians, derived from the well-established poll4pop model (designed to simulate bee populations). Given landcover data, the models predict spatially-explicit relative abundance by simulating optimal home-range foraging, reproduction, dispersal of offspring and mortality. The models were co-developed by researchers, conservation NGOs and volunteer surveyors, parameterised using literature data and expert opinion, and validated against observational datasets collected across Great Britain.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The models were able to simulate habitat specialists, generalists, and species requiring access to multiple habitats for different types of resources (e.g. breeding vs foraging). We identified model refinements required for some taxa and considerations for modelling further species/groups.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>We suggest process-based models that integrate multiple forms of knowledge can assist biodiversity-inclusive decision-making by predicting habitat use throughout the year, expanding the range of species that can be modelled, and enabling decision-makers to better account for landscape context and habitat configuration effects on population persistence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crossings and collisions – Exploring how roe deer navigate the road network","authors":"Johanna Märtz, Falko Brieger, Manisha Bhardwaj","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01897-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01897-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>To investigate the major impact of roads on wildlife, most studies focus on hot-spots of wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVC) to identify areas in need of mitigation measures. However, on road stretches where the frequency of WVC is low, a question arises: is this because those locations are 'safe’ places for wildlife to cross the road with little risk of collisions; or is it because individuals avoid approaching and crossing the road in these locations?</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>In this study, we addressed this gap by evaluating how roe deer crossings are related to WVC risk across the road network.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We used 56 076 WVC locations between 2013 and 2017 to predict the spatiotemporal risk zones in response to environmental, road-related and seasonal predictors using Species-Distribution Modelling (SDM). We compared the predictive WVC risk to the location of 20 744 road crossing by 46 GPS-collared roe deer individuals.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We found that the risk of WVC with roe deer tends to be higher on federal roads that are present in a density of approximate 2.2 km/km² and surrounded by broad-leafed forests and demonstrate that SDMs can be a powerful tool to predict the risk of WVC across the road network. Roe deer crossed roads more frequently in high WVC risk areas. Temporally, the number of WVC changed throughout the year, which can be linked to roe deer movement patterns rather than landscape features. Within this study, we did not identify any road segments that were a complete barrier to roe deer movement.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>The absence of complete barriers to roe deer movement detected in the present study, might be due to the low spatial variation of the landscape, coupled with the high individual variation in movement behaviour. By applying our approach at greater spatial scales and in other landscape contexts, future studies can continue to explore the potential barrier impacts of roads on landscape connectivity. Exploring the relationship between crossing activity and collision risk can improve one’s ability to correctly identify road stretches that require mitigation measures to improve connectivity versus reduce collisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140828910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shifts in belowground processes along a temperate forest edge","authors":"Rose Z. Abramoff, Jeffrey M. Warren, Jessica Harris, Sarah Ottinger, Jana R. Phillips, Sarah M. Garvey, Joy Winbourne, Ian Smith, Andrew Reinmann, Lucy Hutyra, David W. Allen, Melanie A. Mayes","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01891-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01891-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Forests are increasingly fragmented, and as a result most forests in the United States are within one km of an edge. Edges change environmental conditions of the forest—especially radiation, roughness, temperature, and moisture—that can have consequences for plant productivity and ecosystem functions. However, edge effects on aboveground characteristics of plants and the environment are better understood relative to plant roots and soil in the belowground environment.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>Our main objectives were to determine if soil C pools and fluxes are higher at the edge relative to other landscape positions, and to understand how specific belowground processes contribute to bulk differences in pools and fluxes.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We measured environmental conditions, live and dead fine root traits, soil chemistry, and soil respiration along a 75 m transect from interior forest to meadow in Gaithersburg, MD.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We observed differences in the soil chemical, biological and hydrological environment between the forest interior, edge and adjacent meadow. In some cases, the forest edge represented a mid-point in environmental or belowground characteristics between the forest interior and meadow (<i>e.g.</i>, pH, C-to-N ratio [C:N], live fine root biomass, heterotrophic respiration), likely reflecting the change in litter type and quality associated with the transition from grass to woody species. In other cases, neighboring landscape positions were different from the forest edge, which was drier and had higher dead fine root biomass. Although soil C contents were not significantly different across landscape positions, there was a tendency towards higher average soil C content at the edge relative to other landscape positions, suggesting that increased C loss related to root decay and greater soil respiration at the edge relative to the forest interior may have been offset by increased C gain from high plant productivity and subsequent inputs to soil.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This research provides insight into how forest edge environments may differ from the interior and how concurrent processes above- and belowground may contribute to those differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140828915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal bee communities vary in their responses to resources at local and landscape scales: implication for land managers","authors":"Melanie Kammerer, Aaron L. Iverson, Kevin Li, John F. Tooker, Christina M. Grozinger","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01895-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01895-z","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>There is great interest in land management practices for pollinators; however, a quantitative comparison of landscape and local effects on bee communities is necessary to determine if adding small habitat patches can increase bee abundance or species richness. The value of increasing floral abundance at a site is undoubtedly influenced by the phenology and magnitude of floral resources in the landscape, but due to the complexity of measuring landscape-scale resources, these factors have been understudied.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>To address this knowledge gap, we quantified the relative importance of local versus landscape scale resources for bee communities, identified the most important metrics of local and landscape quality, and evaluated how these relationships vary with season.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We studied season-specific relationships between local and landscape quality and wild-bee communities at 33 sites in the Finger Lakes region of New York, USA. We paired site surveys of wild bees, plants, and soil characteristics with a multi-dimensional assessment of landscape composition, configuration, insecticide toxic load, and a spatio-temporal evaluation of floral resources at local and landscape scales.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>We found that the most relevant spatial scale and landscape factor varied by season. Early-season bee communities responded primarily to landscape resources, including the presence of flowering trees and wetland habitats. In contrast, mid to late-season bee communities were more influenced by local conditions, though bee diversity was negatively impacted when sites were embedded in highly agricultural landscapes. Soil composition had complex impacts on bee communities, and likely reflects effects on plant community flowering.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Early-season bees can be supported by adding flowering trees and wetlands, while mid to late-season bees can be supported by local addition of summer and fall flowering plants. Sites embedded in landscapes with a greater proportion of natural areas will host a greater bee species diversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"17 1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the interplay between demography and landscape features in shaping connectivity and diversity: Insights from the leopard cat on a subtropical island","authors":"Pei-Wei Sun, Chen Hsiao, Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei, Yu-Hsiu Lin, Mei-Ting Chen, Po-Jen Chiang, Ling Wang, Dau-Jye Lu, Pei-Chun Liao, Yu-Ten Ju","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01894-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01894-0","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Elucidating how demography and contemporary landscape features regulate functional connectivity is crucial to implementing effective conservation strategies. We assessed the impacts of landscape features on the genetic variation of a locally endangered carnivore, the leopard cat (<i>Prionailurus bengalensis</i>) in Taiwan.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We aim to evaluate the association between genetic structure and landscape features. We further predicted the changes in genetic diversity and suitable habitats in the future.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We genotyped 184 leopard cats in western Taiwan using 12 nuclear microsatellites and a mitochondrial marker. We applied a landscape optimization procedure with two genetic distances to identify major genetic barriers and employed ecological niche modeling to predict the future distribution of the leopard cat.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Bayesian demographic inferences revealed a dramatic population decline for all leopard cat populations in Taiwan. Genetic clustering and resistance surface modeling supported that the population connectivity was influenced by highways and high elevation. Niche modeling indicated low temperature was one of the primary factors limiting the occurrence of leopard cats that may inhibit their movement in high elevations. We predicted the suitable habitats of leopard cats would shrink northward and towards higher altitudes with rugged topography in response to global warming.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our study provided genetic evidence that leopard cats in Taiwan had undergone a dramatic population decline that may be associated with anthropogenic impacts. We also inferred the anthropogenic linear feature compromised the connectivity and persistence of leopard cats in human-mediated landscapes. Our finding serves as a model for landscape genetic studies of island carnivores in subtropical regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140810971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of landscape sustainability of protected areas and identification of its correlation factors: a case study of Beijing, China","authors":"Zhuo Lu, Youbo Zhuang, Yushu Zhang, Shujie Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01872-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01872-6","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Protected areas (PAs) serve as robust safeguards for the ecological safety of urban areas, and positively affect their socioeconomic development. However, limited research that integrates both ecological and socioeconomic aspects to evaluate the role of PAs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>In this study, we aimed to establish an evaluation framework for PAs that applies the concept of landscape sustainability and integrates ecological and socioeconomic functions to enhance understanding of the role of PAs. Additionally, we aimed to develop analytical framework for identifying the correlation elements of landscape sustainability of protected areas (PA-LS) and improving the understanding of the mechanisms underlying PAs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>This study focused on 38 PAs in Beijing, China. We established the PA-LS evaluation framework to evaluate the role of PAs by analyzing changes in their overall landscape services from 2000 to 2019, and in ecological and socioeconomic functions. Subsequently, an analytical framework was established to identify the correlation factors of PA-LS, focusing on four aspects: the fundamental characteristics of PAs, landscape patterns of PAs, impact of urban areas on PAs, and human well-being within a 5 km buffer of PAs.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The landscape sustainability evaluation of Beijings’ PAs revealed that 30 PAs (78.95% of the total) were strongly sustainable, eight (21.05%) were weakly sustainable, and none unsustainable. The results revealed that there was a positive correlation between several factors and PA-LS, including the density of the road network within a 1 km buffer of the PAs and the economic income and employment rate within a 5 km buffer of the PAs. Conversely, there was a negative correlation between one factor and PA-LS, its the distance between PAs and the urban center. Other factors, such as the category, area, classification of PAs, SHDI (ecological land), ED, LPI (forest) of PAs, and population density and residents’ health within a 5 km buffer of the PAs, were unrelated to PA-LS.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>This study established a PA-LS evaluation framework and its correlation factor analytical framework, which significantly contributes to enhancing the value cognition of PAs and enriching landscape-sustainability evaluation methods. Furthermore, the study provides valuable support and serves as a reference for the conservation and management of PAs in Beijing and similar metropolitan cities.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140799137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Big cats persisting in human-dominated landscape: Habitat suitability and connectivity of leopards in central North China","authors":"Yidan Wang, Mingzhang Liu, Fan Xia, Yiqing Wang, Dazhao Song, Yanlin Liu, Sheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01896-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01896-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>The leopard (<i>Panthera pardus</i>), the only large carnivore species occurring in central North China, has undergone substantial range contraction and population decline due to anthropogenic pressure across the region.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>In this study, we aimed to map its current suitable habitats and assess the degree of connectivity between core habitats to inform future conservation planning of this big cat at the landscape scale.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>We conducted this study in central North China (34°11´ ~ 43°49´N, 103°11´ ~ 123°54´E, about 936,000 km²). We collected occurrence locations (N = 196) of leopards from 2014–2020, and modeled its habitat suitability using an “ensemble” species distribution model by incorporating environmental and anthropogenic variables. We then identified the potential dispersal corridors between core habitat patches (≥ 100 km²) through connectivity analysis.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>The leopards preferred humid forests at higher elevations with less human disturbance. Their suitable habitats were highly fragmented, with main core habitats located in Shanxi, Shaanxi, and the border between Gansu and Ningxia provinces. Among all the 8,679 km² suitable habitats, we identified 14 core habitats (139–1,084 km², mean = 495.21 km²) with a total area of 6,933 km², among which only 25.26% (1,751 km²) are covered by nature reserves and only 11 core habitats were confirmed with leopard occurrence. We also identified 8 least-cost pathways among these core habitats with an average length of 57.22 km.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>Our results revealed that, leopards are persisting in highly fragmented habitats with fragile connectivity among core habitats. The leopards remaining in North China should be considered and managed as a regional meta-population for their long-term persistence in the human-dominated landscape.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beta diversity partitioning reveals homogenization in bird community composition within the forest-agriculture landscape of the northern Taiwan coast","authors":"Yu-Ting Shih, Hsiang-Hua Wang, Shu-Wei Fu, Sheng-Hsin Su, Chao-Nien Koh","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01888-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01888-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>This study examined how human-induced landscape changes affected bird diversity in mountain villages with mixed forests and cultivated fields.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>We focused on the bird species composition (beta diversity) to determine whether species homogenization varied with forest cover differences. This study developed it as a novel metric potentially quantifying homogenization level comparison in species functional groups.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Bird surveys were conducted at 27 sites with forest cover scattered from 0 to 100%. Bird species were divided into forest birds and nonforest birds. Beta diversity was partitioned into turnover and nestedness-resultant components, and their contribution ratio to Sørensen beta was used to examine the effect of forest cover and pairwise cover difference.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Our results indicated that forest birds exhibited low turnover and low nestedness, whereas nonforest birds exhibited nestedness distribution characteristics. The nestedness-resultant contribution ratio of nonforest birds was higher, driven by forest cover difference (slope = 0.0080, Pseudo <i>R</i>² = 0.35^**) than that of forest birds (slope = 0.0018, Pseudo <i>R</i>² = 0.02^**). Thus, we quantify the result of forest cover decreased lead to the dominated by nestedness species in nonforest birds.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>These findings highlight the distinct effects of environmental changes on these two bird functional groups. Although the Sørensen beta diversity increases with forest cover decrease, most are contributed by nestedness-resultant nonforest birds and lead to homogenization. Thus, it is recommended that conservation plans should separately address forest and nonforest bird species to avoid the risk of underestimating species homogenization due to anthropogenic land-use and habitat degradation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140635948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key breeding habitats of threatened golden eagles across Eastern Canada identified using a multi-level, multi-scale habitat selection approach","authors":"Laurie D. Maynard, Jérôme Lemaître, Jean-François Therrien, Tricia A. Miller, Todd Katzner, Scott Somershoe, Jeff Cooper, Robert Sargent, Nicolas Lecomte","doi":"10.1007/s10980-024-01835-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-024-01835-x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>In a conservation context, identifying key habitats suitable for reproduction, foraging, or survival is a useful tool, yet challenging for species with large geographic distributions and/or living in remote regions.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Objectives</h3><p>The objective of this study is to identify selected habitats at multiple levels and scales of the threatened eastern North American population of golden eagles (<i>Aquila chrysaetos</i>). We studied habitat selection at three levels: landscape (second order of selection), foraging (third order of selection), and nesting (fourth order of selection).</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Using tracking data from 30 adults and 366 nest coordinates spanning over a 1.5 million km² area in remote boreal and Arctic regions, we modelled the three levels of habitat selection with resource selection functions using seven environmental features (aerial, topographical, and land cover). We then calculated the relative probability of selection in the study area to identify regions with higher probabilities of selection.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Eagles selected more for terrain ruggedness index and relative elevation than land cover (i.e., forest cover, distance to water; mean difference in relative selection strength: 1.2 [0.71; 1.69], 95% CI) at all three levels. We also found that the relative probability of selection at all three levels was ~ 25% higher in the Arctic than in the boreal regions. Eagles breeding in the Arctic travelled shorter foraging distances with greater access to habitat with a high probability of selection than boreal eagles.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusion</h3><p>Here we found which aerial and topographical features were important for several of the eagles’ life cycle needs. We also identified important areas to monitor and preserve this threatened population. The next step is to quantify the quality of habitat by linking our multi-level, multi-scale approach to population demography and performance such as reproductive success.</p>","PeriodicalId":54745,"journal":{"name":"Landscape Ecology","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}