Neuroepidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Predictors of Mortality in a Large Cohort of Elders with Essential Tremor.","authors":"Ericka D Carter, Diane S Berry, Stephanie Cosentino, Elan D Louis","doi":"10.1159/000543879","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prospective data show an increased risk of mortality in essential tremor (ET). Understanding the contributors to this increased mortality is of value.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 347 cases were enrolled in a prospective study of cognition in elders with ET (M baseline age = 79.6 years, M follow-up length = 2.7 years). At each visit, cases completed clinical assessments, a cognitive test battery, and were assigned a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR). Cox proportional hazards regression equations identified predictors of cases' relative risk of mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>41 (11.8%) of 347 cases died during follow-up. Deceased cases were older at baseline, had fewer years of education, used more medication, had more severe tremor, had more gait impairment, and reported more falls, less physical activity, and more depressive symptoms than did living cases. In univariate analyses, a CDR score of 1 or 2 (dementia) was associated with a six-fold increased risk of mortality (hazard ratio [HR] = 6.33). Moderate rather than milder levels of dementia (CDR 2 rather than 1) were driving this effect, with multivariate models demonstrating HRs in excess of 7.5 (p < 0.001). Gait impairment and falls were also associated with significant increased risk of mortality in multivariate models.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We identified several factors that may be used to risk-stratify ET patients with respect to mortality. The information from these analyses can be of value in identifying subgroups of ET patients who demonstrate risk for early death; such subgroups can then be targeted for interventions as well as preventive measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burden of Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Asia from 1990 to 2030: A Population-Based Study.","authors":"Haomiao Wang, Jinxin Lin, Fengchun Zhao, Xuyang Zhang, Long Wang, Chao Zhang, Ran Luo, Yi Yin, Shuixian Zhang, Rong Hu","doi":"10.1159/000543638","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543638","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Intracerebral hemorrhage represents a critical subtype of stroke, imposing substantial social and economic challenges. Considering the considerable impact of intracerebral hemorrhage in Asia and the absence of studies detailing its epidemiological features, the aim of this study was to elucidate the temporal trends and distribution characteristics of intracerebral hemorrhage in Asia from 1990 to 2021, as well as to forecast the future burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data derived from Global Disease Burden Study 2021 were used to investigate the age-standardized rates and absolute numbers of incident intracerebral hemorrhage cases and related deaths in Asia across genders, age groups, and geographical locations. An estimated annual percentage change was estimated to represent temporal trends, and an autoregressive integrated moving average model was used to forecast the future burden.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Asia, the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates of intracerebral hemorrhage per 100,000 population have declined from 1990 to 2021, despite a continuous increase in the absolute numbers, which exhibit significant heterogeneity across different geographical locations. In terms of gender, males experience a greater burden of intracerebral hemorrhage compared to females, and the impact of risk factors on disability-adjusted life years of intracerebral hemorrhage varies. In comparison to the figures observed in 2021, our forecasts indicate a rise in the burden of intracerebral hemorrhage in Asia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study offers an extensive depiction of the epidemiological features of intracerebral hemorrhage in Asia spanning from 1990 to 2021 while also outlining the diverse trajectories of the impending burden of this condition in the region. Comprehending the expected increase in disease burden can aid in formulating tailored strategies to tackle upcoming challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143025958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Epilepsy across 25 Sub-Counties in Three Districts of Northern Uganda.","authors":"Joyce Moriku Kaducu, Fiston Ikwa Ndol Mbutiwi, Luise Keller, Gabriele Escheu, Peter Hauke, Bettina Pfausler, Erich Schmutzhard, Veronika Schmidt, Hélène Carabin, Emilio Ovuga, Andrea S Winkler","doi":"10.1159/000543472","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological conditions worldwide, with large variation in prevalence across sub-Saharan African countries. Northern Uganda is one of the poorest areas of the country and has seen a high density of pigs and a prevalence of Taenia solium, a zoonotic tapeworm transmitted which causes neurocysticercosis in humans. The objective of this study was to estimate the population-level prevalence of active epilepsy in 25 sub-counties of northern Uganda.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2010-2011 in 25 sub-counties of Moyo, Adjumani, and Gulu districts, northern Uganda. Participants were sampled using a multistage cluster sampling strategy including sub-counties, parishes, villages, and households as sampling levels. Eligible individuals were interviewed using a previously validated screening questionnaire for epilepsy. Screen positive individuals were further examined by a team of neurologists for confirmation of active epilepsy. Sampling weights and post-stratification to account for sex distribution in each of the 25 sub-counties sampled based on projected 2010 population sizes were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38,303 individuals were sampled across 299 villages from 25 sub-counties. The overall weighted and post-stratified prevalence estimate of active epilepsy was 3.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.4%-3.9%). However, there was large variation across sex (4.6% (95% CI: 4.2%-5.0%) in men and 2.7% (95% CI: 2.4%-3.0%) in women) and across sub-counties ranging from 1.7% in Pece Division (Gulu District) and Moyo Town Council (Moyo District) to 6.6% in Awach (Gulu District). People aged between 10 and 19 were the most affected.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In northern Uganda, active epilepsy was very prevalent but varied largely across sub-counties. Males were a lot more affected than women, making the use of weighted and post-stratified methods to estimate the prevalence of epilepsy essential. Implementing programs and interventions targeting the control of local risk factors of epilepsy such as neurocysticercosis and improving population health care access could help reduce the rather high prevalence of epilepsy in this area of the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hearing Loss as a Risk Factor for Dementia: A Nationwide 15-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study in Taiwan.","authors":"Jia-Fu Lee, Chun-Chia Lai, Chi-Hsiang Chung, Tzu-Hsuan Weng, Yao-Ching Huang, Shi-Hao Huang, Bing-Long Wang, Pi-Ching Yu, Wu-Chien Chien","doi":"10.1159/000542602","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542602","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Although hearing loss is associated with dementia, the exact causal relationship between hearing loss and dementia remains unclear. Early detection and prevention of hearing loss are essential. In this study, data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan were used to monitor patients with hearing loss for 15 years to determine whether hearing loss leads to dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective matched-cohort study involved 208,570 individuals, divided into 41,714 patients with hearing loss and 166,856 controls matched by sex, age, and chronic diseases. Cox regression analysis was conducted on data obtained from the NHIRD for the period 2000-2015 to determine the hazard ratio (HR) associated with dementia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The percentage of patients with hearing loss who developed dementia was higher than that of the control group (18.67% vs. 14.10%). The onset age of dementia was younger in the hearing loss group (69.95 vs. 70.31 years, p = 0.001). Middle-aged individuals (45-65 years) with hearing loss were more likely to develop dementia compared with those without hearing loss (48.53% vs. 47.94%, p = 0.03). Compared with the controls, the patients with hearing loss were more likely to develop hyperlipidemia and stroke. In the patients with hearing loss, the adjusted HRs for Alzheimer's disease (AD), vascular dementia, and other types of dementia were significant. The patients were followed up for an average of 7.82 years. Compared with the controls, the patients with hearing loss exhibited a shorter mean time to dementia onset (5.21 vs. 5.49 years, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hearing loss may increase the risks of AD, dementia, hyperlipidemia, and stroke. Therefore, health-care providers should closely monitor cardiovascular complications in patients with hearing loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias during 1990-2021: A Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2021-Based Study.","authors":"Renxi Wang","doi":"10.1159/000543578","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543578","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>In most countries and territories, current data on the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other dementias are lacking. We aimed to assess the trends, burden, and inequalities of AD and other dementias at global, regional, and national level from 1990 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data on disease burden of AD and other dementias during 1990-2021 were extracted from Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2021 (GBD 2021). Average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) of age-standardized prevalence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were estimated as an indicator to evaluate the healthcare system.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>The global age-standardized prevalence of AD and other dementias increased from 672 (95% uncertainty interval: 589 to 764) per 100,000 population in 1990 to 694 (603 to 794) per 100,000 population in 2021, with AAPCs of 0.09% (95% confidence interval: 0.06% to 0.11%). However, age-standardized mortality did not change (AAPCs: 0.00% [-0.01% to 0.02%]) and age-standardized DALYs slightly increased from 446 (206 to 958) to 451 (213 to 950) per 100,000 population (AAPCs: 0.01% [0.00% to 0.03%]). While the highest prevalence remained in population aged 65-69 and the countries with a high-middle sociodemographic index (SDI) such as East Asia (e.g., China), the highest mortality and DALYs were found in population aged 65-69 and the countries with a low-middle SDI such as South Asia (e.g., India). High fasting plasma glucose ranked the highest risk factor for DALYs during 1990-2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The global increased prevalence of AD and other dementias may partly be attributed to population aged 65-69 in the countries with a high-middle SDI (e.g., China), whereas mortality and DALY ratio of population aged 65-69 from the countries with a low-middle SDI (e.g., India) is most significantly growing. Controlling of high fasting plasma glucose may be needed for the reduction of DALYs from AD and other dementias.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of First-Ever Stroke, Stroke Events, and Early Case Fatality Rate in China: Results from a National Population-Based Survey.","authors":"Haixin Sun, Siqi Ge, Bin Jiang, Xiaojuan Ru, Dongling Sun, Limin Wang, Mei Zhang, Wenzhi Wang","doi":"10.1159/000543474","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543474","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In recent years, stroke has become the leading cause of death in the Chinese population, and the burden of stroke is huge. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of population-based stroke incidence and case fatality rates in China, which are nationally representative.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 2013, a nationally representative household survey was conducted at 155 survey sites in 31 provinces. All stroke cases occurring within 1 year before the start of the survey period, including first-ever and recurrent strokes, were considered event cases. According to computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and autopsy results, stroke was classified as ischemic, hemorrhagic, subarachnoid hemorrhagic, or difficult-to-classify stroke. The 7- and 30-day case fatality rates after stroke onset were investigated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 595,711 people were surveyed, with 2,164 diagnosed stroke events and 1,645 first-ever strokes. The age-standardized incidence of first-ever stroke and stroke event incidence in the Chinese population were 229.5 and 300.61 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. The world population age-standardized incidence of first-ever stroke and stroke events by the World Health Organization were 188.5 and 246.3 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Among the 31 provinces, the top five incidence rates of first-ever stroke were recorded in Shaanxi, Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Henan, and Tianjin (518.0, 400.8, 389.5, 366.6, and 344.0 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The top five incidence rates of stroke events were documented in Heilongjiang, Shaanxi, Henan, Tianjin, and Ningxia (672.7, 603.1, 580.2, 469.0, and 456.2 per 100,000 person-years, respectively). The 7- and 30-day case fatality rates were 14.3% and 17.8% for patients with first-ever stroke, respectively. Significant differences in the 30-day mortality rate of different stroke subtypes were recorded: 8.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.2-8.5) for ischemic stroke, 44.4% (95% CI, 42.2-46.5) for cerebral hemorrhage, and 3.1% (95% CI, 3.0-3.3) for subarachnoid hemorrhage (p < 0.0001). Compared with the area of residence, the 30-day mortality rate of first-ever stroke in rural areas was 19.8% (95% CI, 19.3-20.3), which was higher than that in urban areas (14.9% [95% CI, 14.5-15.3]) (p = 0.011).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In China, the incidences of first-ever stroke and stroke events are increasing, whereas the early case fatality rate is declining, which will inevitably lead to a higher stroke prevalence and a greater stroke burden. Therefore, the primary and secondary prevention strategies should be strengthened to reduce the incidence and burden of stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Psychiatric Disorders and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Prospective Cohort Study from the UK Biobank.","authors":"Yushan Tan, Tianmi Yang, Yangfan Cheng, Sirui Zhang, Yi Xiao, Jiyong Liu, Huifang Shang","doi":"10.1159/000543473","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psychiatric disorders have been reported to be associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, evidence for the association remains inconsistent, and it is unclear whether specific categories of psychiatric disorders constitute risk factors for ALS. The study aimed to investigate the association between different categories of psychiatric disorders and the risk of ALS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We utilized data from the UK Biobank to conduct a population-based prospective cohort study. Cox proportional hazards models were employed to evaluate the association between a history of various psychiatric disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and the risk of ALS. Analyses were adjusted for covariates including sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, and medical history.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 484,065 participants initially included, 558 participants were diagnosed with ALS during a median follow-up of 13.63 years. With complete adjustment, previous schizophrenia (hazard ratio [HR] 6.32; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.60-15.36; p < 0.001) and depression (HR 1.37; 95% CI: 1.03-1.81; p = 0.03) were found to be significantly associated with ALS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This large prospective cohort study indicated the association between schizophrenia, depression, and a higher risk of subsequent ALS. These findings suggest potential implications for early process of global neurodegeneration in ALS, underlining the need for further research to explore the underlying mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stroke Subtypes Mortality Attributable to Smoking in China: A Study Based on the Global Burden of Disease Database 2021.","authors":"Chunlong Xiao, Jing Wang, Zhao Cheng, Jie Gong, Chuanhua Yu","doi":"10.1159/000542605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze long-term trends in ischemic stroke (IS), subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) mortality from smoking in China from 1992 to 2021, to provide scientific advice on stroke prevention and treatment in China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The mortality data of smoking-related stroke and its subtypes in China during 1992-2021 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease 2021. Joinpoint regression model and Age-period-cohort (APC) model were used for trend analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-standardized mortality rate of stroke and subtypes caused by smoking showed a decreasing trend in China from 1992 to 2021. The decline was greater for women than for men. According to APC model analysis, the age effect showed that ICH and IS showed an increasing trend, while SAH increased first and then decreased. The results of the cohort effect were similar to those of the period effect, with relative risk decreasing for all subtypes. The local drift showed that the stroke and subtypes in males showed a \"U\" shaped trend, a relatively stable trend for stroke and is in females, and a downward trend for SAH and ICH.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Over the past 30 years, the burden of stroke and stroke subtype deaths attributable to smoking in China has decreased. However, future efforts should focus on preventing ICH. Strengthening tobacco control legislation, particularly targeting older men and young people, is crucial for further reducing smoking-related stroke risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142985406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Region of Birth Differences in Medication Adherence among Patients with Stroke or Transient Ischemic Attack.","authors":"Monique F Kilkenny, Lachlan L Dalli, Nadine E Andrew, David Ung, Joosup Kim, Vijaya Sundararajan, Dominique A Cadilhac, Amanda G Thrift, Mark R Nelson, Muideen T Olaiya","doi":"10.1159/000543317","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000543317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and purpose: </strong>Cultural and language barriers may affect quality of care, such as adherence to medications. We examined whether adherence to prevention medications within the year after stroke/transient ischemic attack (TIA) differed by the region of birth.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational study of adults with stroke/TIA admitted to hospitals in the Australian Stroke Clinical Registry (Queensland, Victoria; 2012-2016; n = 45 hospitals). Data from the registry were linked with administrative data. Region of birth was categorized into 10 groups (Australia, Other Oceania, North-West Europe, Southern/Eastern Europe, North Africa/Middle East, South-East Asia, North-East Asia, Southern/Central Asia, Americas, Sub-Saharan Africa). Analysis was limited to those with a first-ever stroke/TIA who were dispensed an antihypertensive, lipid-lowering, or antithrombotic medication within 1-year post-discharge. Medication adherence was calculated based on the proportion of days covered until 1-year immediately post-discharge/death. Associations between region of birth and being adherent (PDC ≥80%) were determined using multivariable logistic regression (adjusted for age, sex, stroke type, ability to walk on admission, discharge destination, socioeconomic position, main language spoken, comorbidity score).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 24,236 eligible participants (median age 74 years, 44% female, 68% Australian-born), 54% were adherent to antihypertensive medications, 56% to lipid-lowering medications, and 49% to antithrombotic medications. Compared to Australian-born participants, those born in Other Oceania (4.0%) were less likely to be adherent to lipid-lowering medications (odds ratio [OR] 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.90) and antithrombotic (OR 0.84, 95% CI: 0.72-0.97). Compared to Australian-born participants, those born in Southern and Central Asia (1.4%) were less likely to be adherent to lipid-lowering medications (OR: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.58-0.99) and antithrombotic (0.55, 95% CI: 0.40-0.76). No significant differences were found with other regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Disparities by the region of birth were observed in medication adherence after stroke/TIA for participants born in Asia and Oceania. Targeted education to improve medication adherence, specific to the needs of these groups, is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Informal Care Time and Costs of Dementia Care in Benin (West Africa).","authors":"Angeladine Kenne Malaha, Clémence Thébaut, Dismand Stephan Houinato, Grégoire Magloire Gansou, Dieu Donné Gnonlonfoun, Thierry Adoukonou, Pierre-Marie Preux, Maëlenn Guerchet","doi":"10.1159/000538262","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000538262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia is a growing global health challenge, with significant socioeconomic implications. This study examined the informal care duration and related costs along with the total cost of care for older individuals with dementia in Benin, West Africa, providing insights into a region with limited dementia research.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cost-of-illness study in Benin. Both hospital and community recruitments were used to enroll adults aged ≥60 years and their primary caregivers. Structured questionnaire and validated tools were used to collect the demographic, clinical, healthcare resource utilization data as well as informal care duration. Replacement costs approach was performed to valuate informal care time. Official exchange rates from the World Bank were used to convert costs from local currency to purchasing power parities dollars (PPP$).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 135 individuals with varying dementia stages revealed that dementia places substantial caregiving demands, predominantly on women who provide up to 8 h of daily care. In 2021, the mean annual cost of dementia care was estimated to be PPP$ 2,399.66 ± 2,057.07. Informal care represented a significant portion of dementia expenses, up to 92% of the total care costs in this study.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Policy interventions are urgently needed to address the dementia care challenges in Benin, especially because economic transitions and educational advancements may reduce the availability of informal caregivers. This emphasizes the vital role of informal caregivers and underscores the need of implementing dementia policies to support families facing the evolving challenges of dementia care.</p>","PeriodicalId":54730,"journal":{"name":"Neuroepidemiology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140295368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}