Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors最新文献

{"title":"Remarkable variations in geomagnetic disturbances preceding the 2017 M 7.1 Jiuzhaigou earthquake","authors":"Yiliang Guan ,&nbsp;Xiaona Dong ,&nbsp;Lili Feng ,&nbsp;Manqiu He ,&nbsp;Yingfeng Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107438","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107438","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid development of geomagnetic observation networks and the increased availability of geomagnetic data in China over the past decade, multistation geomagnetic data analyses have become widely used in studies of earthquake precursors with magnitudes &gt;6. Building on the single-station polarization algorithm, we propose a multistation daily sliding polarization correlation algorithm for detecting regional geomagnetic anomalies. This method can be applied to analyze the spatiotemporal evolution of geomagnetic field anomalies that are related to seismogenic processes before major earthquakes. In this study, we calculate polarization correlation time series data before and after the 2017 M 7.1 Jiuzhaigou earthquake. The results show that following the appearance of polarization anomalies, the regional correlations increase, then decrease, and subsequently increase again. Earthquakes occurred at the inflection points of these correlation trends. Our analysis suggests that changes in multistation polarization correlations directly reflect regional geomagnetic field anomalies that are caused by tectonic activity, thereby capturing the dynamic evolution during earthquake preparation. This method offers valuable insights into the mechanisms linking geomagnetic polarization anomalies with seismic events.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"368 ","pages":"Article 107438"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local flow estimation at the top of the Earth’s core using Physics Informed Neural Networks","authors":"Naomi Shakespeare-Rees ,&nbsp;Philip W. Livermore ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Davies ,&nbsp;Hannah F. Rogers ,&nbsp;William J. Brown ,&nbsp;Ciarán D. Beggan ,&nbsp;Christopher C. Finlay","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Earth’s main geomagnetic field arises from the constant motion of the fluid outer core. By assuming that the field changes are advection-dominated, and that diffusion only plays a minor role, the fluid motion at the core surface can be related to the secular variation of the geomagnetic field, providing an observational approach to understanding the motions in the deep Earth. The majority of existing core flow models are global, showing features such as an eccentric planetary gyre, with some evidence of rapid regional changes. By construction, the flow defined at any location by such a model depends on all magnetic field variations across the entire core–mantle boundary: because of this nonlocal dependence of the flow on the magnetic field, it is very challenging to interpret local structures in the flow as due to specific local changes in magnetic field. Here we present an alternative strategy in which we construct regional flow models that rely only on local secular changes. We use a novel technique based on machine learning termed Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), in which we seek a regional flow model that simultaneously fits both the local magnetic field variation and dynamical conditions assumed satisfied by the flow. Although we present results using the Tangentially Geostrophic flow constraint, we set out a modelling framework for which the physics constraint can be easily changed by altering a single line of code. After validating the PINN-based method on synthetic flows, we apply our method to the CHAOS-8.1 geomagnetic field model, itself based on data from Swarm. Constructing a global mosaic of regional flows, we reproduce the planetary gyre, providing independent evidence that the strong secular changes at high latitude and in equatorial regions are part of the same global feature. Our models also corroborate regional changes in core flows over the last decade. In our models, we find that the azimuthal flow under South America has changed sign quasi-periodically, with a recent sign change in 2022. Furthermore, our models endorse the existence of a dynamic high latitude jet, which began accelerating around 2005 but has been weakening since 2017.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 107424"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the lithospheric magnetic field masked by the Earth’s main field by estimating the magnetization and magnetic crustal thickness using a statistical approach","authors":"Erwan Thébault ,&nbsp;Gauthier Hulot","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detailed mapping of Earth’s lithospheric magnetic field provides important insights into the composition, dynamics, and geological history of the crust. This field can be modeled using satellite and near-surface magnetic measurements. However, structures larger than approximately 2500 km in scale are obscured by the dominant magnetic signal generated by the Earth’s core. The superposition of core and crustal magnetic fields introduces ambiguities in both geodynamo and crustal magnetic source studies. Previous efforts to address this issue have included statistical estimates of upper and lower bounds on the long-wavelength components of the crustal field, as well as more deterministic predictions based on geophysical priors such as crustal magnetization and seismic Moho depth models. These approaches, however, have often produced contradictory results. In this study, we adopt a two-step strategy. The first step involves a series of regional spherical spectral analysis of the World Digital Magnetic Anomaly Grid (WDMAM2.2), without relying on any prior information from seismic or magnetization models. This approach, applied to the 5 km × 5 km WDMAM2.2 grid across 6000 regions uniformly distributed over the Earth’s surface, allows us to estimate the probability distributions of three key parameters statistically characterizing crustal magnetization in each of the 6000 regions: magnetization amplitude, magnetic layer thickness, and a power-law exponent. The resulting world map of magnetic layer thickness differs from existing Moho depth models but indicates that, statistically, there is no significant evidence of magnetic sources located below the Moho at the studied length scales. In the second step, the ensemble of regional magnetization models is used to generate a set of large-scale spherical harmonic models of the lithospheric magnetic field (degrees 1 to 50). This set allows us to quantify the extent to which the lithospheric field contaminates both the static and time-varying components of the core magnetic field. We find that this contamination is substantial between spherical harmonic degrees 12 and 15 for the static core field, and from degree 21 onward for the secular variation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"367 ","pages":"Article 107421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative assessment of tomographic proxies for lowermost mantle composition and mineralogy","authors":"Justin Leung ,&nbsp;Andrew M. Walker ,&nbsp;Paula Koelemeijer ,&nbsp;Federica Restelli ,&nbsp;D. Rhodri Davies","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large low velocity provinces (LLVPs) dominate Earth’s lowermost mantle, but their detailed thermochemical nature remains a topic of discussion. In particular, it is unclear to what extent the bridgmanite to post-perovskite phase transition is able to explain their seismic velocity characteristics. Robust constraints on the origin of these seismic structures would shed light on large-scale mantle dynamics and Earth’s thermal and chemical evolution. Here, we examine the combined effects of temperature, chemical heterogeneity and phase transitions on lowermost mantle tomographic signatures. To investigate this, we calculate synthetic seismic velocities expected from a range of scenarios for the stability of post-perovskite combined with models of different lowermost mantle temperatures and compositions using recent thermodynamic data. These are filtered to account for limited tomographic resolution, allowing for quantitative comparisons between our synthetic seismic velocities and a recent Backus-Gilbert based tomography model. Crucially, this model provides robust ratios and correlations of velocity anomalies derived from nearly identical <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> resolution, and includes uncertainty quantification that accounts for both data and theoretical errors. Given the tomographic uncertainties and limited resolution, our comparisons focus on globally and depth averaged seismic characteristics, which capture the effects of lateral compositional and mineralogical variability. By rejecting synthetic models that do not fit within tomographic uncertainties, we quantitatively eliminate the following: (i) models containing LLVPs with an iron-rich primordial composition, as these generate anomalously high root mean square seismic velocity anomalies; and (ii) models without post-perovskite in the lowermost mantle, as these cannot explain observations of elevated ratios of shear-wave to compressional-wave velocity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) and a negative correlation between variations in shear-wave and bulk sound velocity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>). Additionally, we demonstrate that observations of <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>/</mo><mi>p</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>r</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>c</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in the lowermost mantle cannot be explained by thermochemical LLVPs alone, but require bridgmanite and post-perovskite to co-occur at depth in the mantle. As such, we demonstrate that globally averaged seismic velocity characteristics can distinguish between composition and mineralogy in the lowermost mantle.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"368 ","pages":"Article 107423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crustal deformation characteristics and tectonic implications on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau","authors":"MengYa Li ,&nbsp;HuaJian Yao ,&nbsp;JiKun Feng ,&nbsp;XianWei Zeng ,&nbsp;GuoFu Luo ,&nbsp;ChenXi Wang ,&nbsp;Rui Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilizes continuous waveform data from 50 portable stations and 38 permanent stations deployed on the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau. Using ambient noise cross-correlation, we obtained Rayleigh wave phase velocities for periods ranging from 1 to 35 s and subsequently inverted these data to obtain the 3D azimuthally anisotropic shear wave velocity model. The results indicate a clear zonation of azimuthal anisotropy characteristics within the study area. Using the Haiyuan-Liupanshan fault zone as the dividing line, the shallow crust of the eastern Ordos block exhibits weak anisotropy due to sedimentary layer, with fast wave direction-oriented NS. In the middle and lower crust, the fast wave directions are oriented NE. On the western side, the shallow crust exhibits fast wave directions consistent with the regional tectonic orientations. The middle and lower crust exhibits two dominant fast wave directions influenced by regional principal tectonic stress: NE-SW, primarily distributed at the eastern end of the Haiyuan fault zone, and NWW-SEE, mainly found near the northern side of the North Qinling fault zone. These two differing directions result in the left-lateral strike-slip movement of the Haiyuan fault zone and the clockwise rotation of the Longzhong Basin. The average azimuthal anisotropy results show significant tectonic influence on the shallow parts of the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, with consistent deep fast wave directions in the Haiyuan-Liupanshan area, suggesting a possible coupling deformation mechanism. The North Qinling fault zone area shows significant changes in anisotropy amplitude and fast wave directions around 45 km depth, indicating a decoupling layer and discontinuous deformation mechanisms between the upper and lower crust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144756863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability and thermoelasticity of iron-rich FenO compound at earth's inner core condition","authors":"Guilin Liu ,&nbsp;Mei Tang ,&nbsp;Zhenwei Niu ,&nbsp;Zaixiu Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107419","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107419","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oxygen is one of the possible light elements in Earth's core, and it is of crucial importance for understanding the evolution of the inner core. Here, we report the stability and thermoelastic properties of iron-rich Fe_<em>n</em>O compounds at 360 GPa up to 7000 K. A series of metastable structures of Fe_<em>n</em>O compounds are predicted with stoichiometric ratio of <em>n</em> = 1–9 at 360 GPa using particle swarm optimization algorithm. Through the analysis of phonon spectra at finite temperatures, we find a new Fe₃O compound with P4/mmm symmetry, which is the only structure that can exist stably at the Earth's inner core condition for Fe_<em>n</em>O (<em>n</em> = 1–9). The thermoelastic properties of Fe₃O at 360 GPa up to 7000 K indicate that the calculated elastic properties, including sound velocities, agree well with those from seismology due to significant anisotropy and elastic softening. However, the density of Fe₃O is much lower than the geophysical data. Therefore, Fe₃O cannot be the major component of the Earth's inner core, and only can be regarded as a minor component.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107419"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rutile's pressure-temperature-time evolution dictates its role as a depth-dependent subduction-zone water regulator","authors":"Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Yue Wang ,&nbsp;Wanghua Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107418","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107418","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deep Earth water cycling is critically regulated by hydrogen storage capabilities of nominally anhydrous minerals (NAMs). Rutile TiO₂, a prevalent NAM in subduction zones, incorporates measurable hydrogen via defect-mediated mechanisms. However, its molecular-level structural evolution and hydrogen content variations under subduction-relevant conditions remain poorly constrained. This study integrates spatially resolved Raman imaging and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to quantitatively elucidate the microstructural and hydrogen dynamics in rutile across various pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) trajectories. The results reveal that during prolonged cold subduction (geothermal gradient of ∼5 °C/km), pressure enhances microstructural ordering and crystallinity in rutile, leading to hydrogen loss. Conversely, thermal activation generates microstructural defects, which serves as additional sites for hydrogen incorporation. Quantitative hydrogen tracking demonstrates that rutile undergoes ∼50 % dehydration in anhydrous environments, which is inhibited by the rutile-to-akaogiite transformation. This transformation initiates at ∼8 GPa due to molecular heterogeneity, yet the kinetic stability provided by polar covalent Ti<img>O bonds enables rutile to persist up to ∼20 GPa. Notably, rutile exhibits ∼12 % hydrogen uptake upon prolonged fluid infiltration along cold-to-hot subduction pathways (geothermal gradients of ∼5–20 °C/km). In the continuous aqueous environments typical of subduction zones, these findings establish rutile as a depth-dependent water regulator. It can transport water beyond its initial content to mantle depths exceeding ∼300 km, thus advancing our understanding of how NAMs modulate water cycling in subduction zones.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107418"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the prevalence of larger magnitude earthquakes preceding major shallow seismic events (M≥7.2) in Japan (1995–2021)","authors":"Daniel Amorese ,&nbsp;Jean-Robert Grasso ,&nbsp;Paul A. Rydelek","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a study using data from the Seismological Bulletin of Japan, which is maintained by the Japan Meteorological Agency. We focused on major earthquakes (with a magnitude of 7.2 or higher) that occurred in or around Japan, specifically within the coordinates of 18–50 °N and 119–158 °E, between 1995 and 2021. For each of these mainshocks, we analyzed seismic activity patterns within a 100 km radius, using two different time periods. To enhance our investigation, we also employed a space–time cluster detection method initially designed for identifying clusters in epidemiology, enabling us to reclassify earthquakes into sequences for further analysis. Unlike conventional fixed-window approaches, this method (SaTScan™) statistically detects spatio-temporal clusters without predefined spatial or temporal boundaries, allowing for a more flexible and data-driven classification. Our main discovery is a significant increase in the magnitude of the largest earthquake and the observed seismic energy during the 3–0 month interval, compared to the values during the 6–3 month interval before the mainshock respectively. However, we did not find any stable or significant differences in the numbers of events, mean magnitude values, median magnitude values, and <span><math><mi>b</mi></math></span>-values.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107405"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A summary of paleomagnetic secular variation and excursions for the last 380 ky of the Brunhes Normal Polarity Chron – regional results from the Bering Sea (IODP Ex. 323)","authors":"Steve P. Lund","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107417","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study describes high-resolution, full-vector paleomagnetic secular variation (PSV) records recovered from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) Expedition 323 to the Bering Sea (58° N-60° N). The PSV records come from Sites U1343, U1344, and U1345 and cover marine isotope stages (MIS) 1–10 (last 380 ky). These records identify 291 inclination features and 251 declination features that are common to all three sites. The average sedimentation rates are ∼20–45 cm/ky, which produce sampling intervals of ∼100–200 years. All three sites have been dated independently to the MIS level by oxygen-isotope stratigraphy. We have also developed relative paleointensity records for all three sites that have 34 features in common. The paleointensity features can also be correlated to the PISO-1500 global paleointensity record of Channell et al. (2009) that is itself dated by oxygen-isotope records. The relative paleointensity records provide an independent chronostratigraphy to the PSV records that is consistent with the MIS level oxygen-isotope stratigraphy but provides better constraint on the sub-MIS scale with an uncertainty of ∼ ± 2000 years. The directions have near Gaussian distributions with average inclinations about 2° higher than axial dipole expectation due to the ΔI anomaly. The intensities have a non-Gaussian distribution, with some bias to higher intensities that may be an artifact of environmental bias to the measurements. There is reproducible evidence for eight excursions in these records with good waveform detail. The excursions are, with one exception, short in duration lasting less than 1000 years. The exception is the Iceland Basin Excursion (196 ± 3 ka), which has a duration of ∼2500 years. All of the excursions are Class I excursions with out-of-phase inclination and declination variability that produces clockwise or counter-clockwise looping (circularity). We have complete full-vector PSV records that surround each of these excursions. Some of the excursions occur quickly with no distinctive pre- or post-excursion anomalous directional variability. However some of the excursions are preceded by 10–20 ky of anomalous directional variability (high angular dispersion). These features indicate a close relationship between normal PSV and the excursions themselves. Statistical PSV studies note distinctive features to the PSV over 3ky to 9 ky intervals. The most distinctive feature is that PSV angular dispersion on 3ky intervals has a bimodal distribution with high (low) values associated with low (high intensity). The high angular dispersion intervals have values ∼3 times that of the low angular dispersion intervals and all of the excursions occur within high angular dispersion intervals. The timing and number of these high angular dispersion intervals is almost exactly the same as recorded in the North Atlantic Ocean. There is evidence for three other excursions elsewhere in the world, but not in our records, that are also as","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144678847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal conductivity and evolution of the Earth's and Mars' cores","authors":"Kenji Ohta ,&nbsp;Kei Hirose","doi":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pepi.2025.107416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise determinations of the thermal conductivity of Fe alloys at high pressures and temperatures are essential for understanding the thermal history and dynamics of the metallic cores of the Earth and other terrestrial bodies. While it can be directly measured, the thermal conductivity of metal is obtained from its electrical resistivity <em>via</em> Wiedemann–Franz law. Here we review recent measurements of the electrical resistivity of Fe alloys in a diamond-anvil cell, considering the resistivity of Fe, impurity resistivity, and the resistivity saturation effect, as well as the direct measurements and calculations of their thermal conductivity (or diffusivity). We also discuss implications of the high thermal conductivity of the Earth's and Martian cores for their thermal and compositional evolutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54614,"journal":{"name":"Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 107416"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144632669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}