Progress in Aerospace Sciences最新文献

{"title":"65th anniversary of progress in aerospace sciences","authors":"Max F. Platzer","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2026.101175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2026.101175","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 101175"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146047960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryogenic pumping of liquid hydrogen for aerospace propulsion","authors":"Joshua Bird ,&nbsp;Zhanan Ao ,&nbsp;Adam C. Frey ,&nbsp;Nathan Sell ,&nbsp;Andrew Plummer ,&nbsp;Joseph S.A. Dawe ,&nbsp;Oliver J. Pountney ,&nbsp;Nouf Sameh ,&nbsp;Siniša Djurović ,&nbsp;Matteo F. Iacchetti ,&nbsp;Alexander C. Smith ,&nbsp;Carl M. Sangan","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101155","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrogen fuelled propulsion systems are key to enabling sustainable flight. Efficient conveyance of the hydrogen from the storage tank to the propulsor is critical when realising a successful system. Different propulsion architectures that can be powered with hydrogen include Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, Hydrogen-Electric hybrid power trains, and Hydrogen combustors. Regardless of the propulsion technology, the hydrogen will likely be stored as a liquid (LH₂) and pumped accordingly. The most suitable pump system required to distribute the LH₂ will be dependent on the delivery requirements for the propulsor and the aircraft mission.</div><div>This review identifies the state-of-the art in pumping cryogenic fluids, specifically LH₂. Pumping LH₂ presents a significant engineering challenge when considering the low viscosity, small molecule size, and low boiling point of hydrogen. The review is considered regarding three Case Study missions of different aircraft operating with different requirements: urban air mobility, regional propeller aircraft, and long-haul hydrogen combustion. These Case Studies have been modelled under different operational conditions to derive different pump specifications. The three operational ranges required have then been used to develop initial sizes of given pump architectures. This pump sizing was then critiqued using Figures of Merit (FoM) for pump down selection based on initial design calculations. Following a weighted down selection process, pump architectures for the three Case Studies were recommended. Further consideration was given to the electrical motor coupling and drive mechanism for the fluid-mechanical components. Finally, remaining gaps in the literature are identified which must be investigated in order for long-term solutions for LH₂ pumping technologies to be developed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 101155"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145611950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing aviation sustainability by 2050: Scaling renewable energy systems for hydrogen production and E-fuel integration","authors":"Mahdi Jahami ,&nbsp;Paramvir Singh ,&nbsp;Bhupendra Khandelwal","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101170","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAFs) and e-fuels present a transformative opportunity to significantly decarbonize aviation. However, their widespread adoption depends on overcoming challenges such as production scalability, infrastructure expansion, and cost efficiency. This study explores the potential of integrating e-fuels into aviation by evaluating three scenarios: Scenario 0 (99 % conventional jet fuel), Scenario 1 (50 % e-fuels blend), and Scenario 2 (100 % e-fuels). Using SARIMAX modeling, we project aviation fuel demand to reach 182.4 billion gallons by 2050. Under Scenario 0, this results in 195.3 million metric tonnes (MMT) of CO₂ emissions. Scenario 1 achieves a 50 % reduction to 97.7 MMT, while Scenario 2 nearly eliminates emissions, reducing them by 96 % to 2.8 MMT. To meet fuel demand, Scenario 1 requires 223 MMT of hydrogen per year and approximately 8000 Concentrated Solar Towers (CST), whereas Scenario 2 doubles these needs to 446.5 MMT of hydrogen and 16,000 CST systems. Scenario 1 provides a pragmatic near-term approach by leveraging existing infrastructure, while Scenario 2 represents a long-term, near-zero emissions pathway. This analysis highlights the essential role of green hydrogen and renewable energy systems in aviation decarbonization. Accelerated investments, policy enhancements, and technological innovations are crucial to bridging the gap between ambition and implementation, ensuring a sustainable future for air travel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"160 ","pages":"Article 101170"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in early warning and active control of compressor instabilities for aerospace applications","authors":"Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Juan Du ,&nbsp;Dan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methods developed over the past 40 years for predicting stall and surge in gas turbine and aero-engine compressors. The review encompasses theoretical models, real-time signal analysis techniques for early stall and surge warning, and their integration into active control systems. For circumferentially propagating rotating stall, the Moore-Greitzer model and harmonic analysis of dynamic signals laid the foundation for predicting stall and enabling active control strategies. The discovery of two types of stall precursors and the recognition that stall typically precedes surge led to the development of early warning methods based on stall precursor detection, such as spatial Fourier transform and traveling wave energy analysis. A deeper understanding of stall mechanisms has revealed the unsteady behavior of tip leakage vortices as an earlier precursor disturbance. Concurrently, numerous stall warning techniques—including correlation analysis, wavelet analysis, modal decomposition, and deep learning—have been developed to improve the timeliness and reliability of warnings. The robustness of these methods under various operational factors, such as inlet distortion, tip clearance size, and rotor eccentricity, has been thoroughly analyzed, supporting their integration with active control strategies. In contrast, surge early warning remains more challenging due to the limited understanding of the surge-inducing mechanisms in axial fluctuations; current detection primarily relies on frequency monitoring of pressure, vibration, and acoustic signals. As modern engines operate under increasingly complex inlet conditions and higher load demands, the routes to instability and the nature of precursor disturbances have diversified. This presents significant challenges in developing early warning methods that comprehensively address the various instability pathways. The paper highlights the most influential contributions in this field and discusses prospects for future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145528308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning in flight parameter-based structural load prediction: A review and framework proposal","authors":"Lei Huang,&nbsp;Yinghui Zuo,&nbsp;Cong Guo,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Kuo Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101145","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101145","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flight Parameter-based Structural Load Prediction (FP-SLP) is a key technology for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) and remaining life estimation of in-service aircraft and flight vehicles. With the continuous development of Machine Learning (ML), FP-SLP has gained powerful assistance. However, in engineering application of FP-SLP, ML technology faces bottlenecks such as fragmentation and data scarcity, which severely constrain its further development and application. This paper aims to conduct a systematic review of ML research and applications in FP-SLP related fields, establish a new advanced technical framework and explore future development directions, so as to provide references for theoretical research and engineering practice. In this paper, we first clarify the fundamental concepts of FP-SLP and describe the general workflow from data acquisition, surrogate modeling to online prediction, and comprehensively analyze existing challenges in engineering practice. Subsequently, a systematic review of ML applications of in FP-SLP is presented, concentrating on four core problems: efficient flight data preprocessing, high-precision surrogate modeling, model tuning and validation, and model deployment and maintenance. The advantages and effectiveness of advanced ML techniques in overcoming the existing challenges in FP-SLP are demonstrated. Based on various state-of-the-art ML techniques, this paper proposes a new advanced framework for FP-SLP, which provides a paradigm for subsequent research and engineering applications. Meanwhile, an original industrial-grade dataset, Aircraft structural Load Benchmark dataset (AirLoadBench), derived from real flight testing, is constructed and made public for the comparative research needs in the FP-SLP field. Finally, the AirLoadBench dataset is applied to evaluate various ML models in terms of prediction accuracy and training time. The results show that XGBoost model and XGBoost-based Ensemble learning (XGBoost-Ens) model demonstrates significant advantages among numerous models, outperforming others in both prediction accuracy and training efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"159 ","pages":"Article 101145"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative review of probabilistic frameworks for structural integrity in aeronautical and civil engineering design codes","authors":"Gabriele Capasso ,&nbsp;Christian Gogu ,&nbsp;Julien Baroth ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Navarro ,&nbsp;Martin Kempeneers","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101141","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101141","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In structural engineering, uncertainties arising from various sources, such as variability in material properties, loading conditions, manufacturing discrepancies and model inaccuracies, can significantly impact the integrity and performance of structures. This paper presents a comprehensive review of probabilistic and semi-probabilistic frameworks used to address these uncertainties in the context of static strength assessment within the aeronautical and civil engineering domains. By comparing the approaches used in aeronautical engineering, specifically for large commercial aircraft, with those in civil engineering, this paper aims to identify best practices and assess their transferability between the two fields. The review covers legislative and certification requirements, structural testing, reliability assessment approaches as well as the determination and use of safety factors. Through this comparative analysis, the paper seeks to highlight the differences and similarities in managing uncertainties and ensuring structural integrity, ultimately providing insights that could enhance design practices in both domains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101141"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements","authors":"Ziquan Yu ,&nbsp;Mengna Li ,&nbsp;Youmin Zhang ,&nbsp;Bin Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nonideal conditions including disturbances, faults, and attacks may significantly threaten flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles by exceeding the inherent flight performance envelope curve. To strictly constrain the performance perturbations against nonideal conditions, some promising guaranteed performance methods are primarily developed to increase the flight safety of unmanned aerial vehicles. This review gives a systematic overview of safety control methods for unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance requirements. The funnel control, prescribed performance control, and barrier Lyapunov function methods are first analyzed as three typical guaranteed performance methods. Next, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on flight control, fault-tolerant control, and attack-tolerant control of single unmanned aerial vehicle are detailedly analyzed and summarized. Moreover, by extending the guaranteed performance control design for single unmanned aerial vehicle to multiple unmanned aerial vehicles, the applications of guaranteed performance methods on cooperative control, fault-tolerant cooperative control, and attack-tolerant cooperative control of unmanned aerial vehicle swarm are further analyzed. Furthermore, some direct applications of these safety control methods with guaranteed performance in the aerospace field are discussed. Finally, some challenges and future research directions are presented for the safety control of unmanned aerial vehicles with guaranteed performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101144"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145269996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory pathways to certifiable condition based maintenance solutions in aviation: A comprehensive review","authors":"Robert Meissner ,&nbsp;Ahmad Ali Pohya ,&nbsp;Oliver Weiss ,&nbsp;David Piotrowski ,&nbsp;Gerko Wende","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aircraft maintenance is characterized by strict regulations to ensure airworthiness throughout an air vehicle’s complete lifetime. While the traditional maintenance approach of regular inspections and functional checks has led to extraordinary high levels of safety, it is also cause for considerable maintenance-related downtimes and substantial operating cost contributions. At the same time, the vast majority of performed inspections does not reveal any defects and will leave the aircraft’s condition unchanged. Therefore, the promise of substantial cost savings pushes manufacturers and operators constantly towards replacement of those tasks by automated Condition Monitoring (CM) and Health Management (HM) systems. However, regulatory guidance for the development of certifiable HM solutions to substitute manual scheduled maintenance tasks by Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) approaches is sparse. Consequently, the introduction of these technologies remains slow while current use cases are limited to non-critical maintenance tasks or the avoidance of unscheduled maintenance events due to system breakdowns. With this work, we will provide an in-depth review of existing guidelines from (a) regulatory authorities, (b) institutions such as SAE and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and (c) academic publications. Using these insights, we will derive a holistic framework that provides HM experts a guiding document to support their development of certifiable technical solutions. As a result, this guidance will help to exploit the existing technical capabilities for a continuous CM to determine airworthiness statuses and to replace scheduled preventive maintenance tasks by automation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101143"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145326037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene-enhanced epoxy composites: A comprehensive review of dispersion mechanisms, processing strategies, property optimization, characterization and sustainable innovations","authors":"Md Raju Ahmed,&nbsp;Leandro Maio,&nbsp;Prasad Potluri","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising materials for enhancing the properties of polymer composites, particularly epoxy resins. In order to attain the greatest benefits of graphene nanoparticles in the production of composite matrix systems for industrial applications, it is crucial to know which aspects can influence the final material qualities. Among these, nanoparticle dispersion plays a crucial role in the mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites. The dispersion of graphene nanofillers is not a straightforward process since they tend to agglomerate due to van der Waals interactions. To promote de-agglomeration, various dispersion technologies are available. A survey of the literature regarding dispersion strategies and the accompanying mechanisms constitutes the core of the present review. Starting with a basic overview of difficulties associated with charging matrix materials with graphene and a short description of the properties of graphene, the review focuses on mechanisms governing graphene dispersion in epoxy. Furthermore, the physical and chemical techniques promoting effective dispersion are examined. Possible approaches for integrating dispersive technologies and adjusting dispersion quality are also discussed. Finally, the relationship between dispersion quality and the properties of graphene-epoxy composites and the characterization methods used to evaluate the quality of dispersion are critically analyzed. This comprehensive review highlights the advances, challenges, and future directions in achieving optimal dispersion of graphene in epoxy composites, emphasizing its significance for the development of high-performance materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101142"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of parameterization methods for airfoil design","authors":"M.G. Lauer,&nbsp;P.J. Ansell","doi":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101140","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paerosci.2025.101140","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Airfoil parameterization, or the description of airfoil geometry by a tractable set of parameters, has been the focus of a multitude of publications for nearly a century. The present work provides an explanation of and commentary on a large portion of these methods, as well as a summary of their use in airfoil design and optimization. Recommendations for using airfoil parameterization methods is provided, taking into account the type of airfoil design problem, as well as an updated review of current parameterization techniques. Additionally, a novel parameterization technique using <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-continuous composite Bézier curves is introduced. This airfoil parameterization method is compared in terms of performance against a selection of other airfoil parameterization methods from the literature in a set of airfoil fitting problems. This comparison demonstrates that higher-order parameterization methods provide better fidelity of airfoil representation than the lower-order parameterization methods, both when applied to an NACA 0012 airfoil and an RAE 2822 airfoil. The composite Bézier approach also gave excellent results used to define other well-known airfoils. A comparison of aerodynamic shape optimizations using these parameterization approaches further showed that higher-order methods like the degree-5 B-spline and degree-6 Bézier provide a more effective optimal design, when compared to lower-order methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54553,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Aerospace Sciences","volume":"158 ","pages":"Article 101140"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145223018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}