Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Infralimbic deep brain stimulation: The impact of frequency and timing on extinction and reinstatement of morphine-seeking behaviors in male rats","authors":"Masoud Seddighfar ,&nbsp;Zahra Bahmani ,&nbsp;Abbas Haghparast","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Opioid use disorder poses a substantial public health burden. While existing treatments have limitations in achieving long-term abstinence, deep brain stimulation (DBS) emerges as a promising alternative for patients with treatment-refractory addiction. The infralimbic (IL) region has been increasingly recognized by recent studies as a critical brain area involved in addiction, making it a potential target for novel treatments. This study investigates the efficacy of high- and low-frequency DBS within the IL in modulating extinction and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP). After the morphine CPP was established (5 mg/kg; sc), 30-min HFS or LFS session (130 or 10 Hz, 200 μA, 60 μs, respectively) was applied in the IL during two experimental paradigms: daily sessions during the extinction period or a single session prior to the reinstatement test. Following extinction, drug-seeking behavior was reinstated by a morphine priming dose (1 mg/kg; sc). The results indicated that both HFS and LFS during extinction days significantly shortened the extinction duration and prevented the reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. Furthermore, a single session of DBS prior to priming-dose administration showed that HFS significantly inhibited the reoccurrence of morphine-seeking behavior, while LFS failed to prevent the morphine-primed reinstatement. The results also demonstrated that receiving HFS during the extinction period is more effective in reducing the reinstatement of morphine-seeking behavior compared to that when used in a single session. In conclusion, this research indicates that DBS of the IL can influence addiction-related behaviors across a spectrum of frequencies. Additionally, the therapeutic effectiveness of DBS may vary depending on the timing of its application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111383"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143890823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroadaptation in neurodegenerative diseases: compensatory mechanisms and therapeutic approaches","authors":"Spandana Rajendra Kopalli ,&nbsp;Tapan Behl ,&nbsp;Lalji Baldaniya ,&nbsp;Suhas Ballal ,&nbsp;Kamal Kant Joshi ,&nbsp;Renu Arya ,&nbsp;Bhumi Chaturvedi ,&nbsp;Ashish Singh Chauhan ,&nbsp;Rakesh Verma ,&nbsp;Minesh Patel ,&nbsp;Sanmati Kumar Jain ,&nbsp;Ankita Wal ,&nbsp;Monica Gulati ,&nbsp;Sushruta Koppula","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Progressive neuronal loss is a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, Huntington's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), which cause cognitive and motor impairment. Delaying the onset and course of symptoms is largely dependent on neuroadaptation, the brain's ability to restructure in response to damage. The molecular, cellular, and systemic processes that underlie neuroadaptation are examined in this study. These mechanisms include gliosis, neurogenesis, synaptic plasticity, and changes in neurotrophic factors. Axonal sprouting, dendritic remodelling, and compensatory alterations in neurotransmitter systems are important adaptations observed in NDDs; nevertheless, these processes may shift to maladaptive plasticity, which would aid in the advancement of the illness. Amyloid and tau pathology-induced synaptic alterations in Alzheimer's disease emphasize compensatory network reconfiguration. Dopamine depletion causes a major remodelling of the basal ganglia in Parkinson's disease, and non-dopaminergic systems compensate. Both ALS and Huntington's disease rely on motor circuit rearrangement and transcriptional dysregulation to slow down functional deterioration. Neuroadaptation is, however, constrained by oxidative stress, compromised autophagy, and neuroinflammation, particularly in elderly populations. The goal of emerging therapy strategies is to improve neuroadaptation by pharmacologically modifying neurotrophic factors, neuroinflammation, and synaptic plasticity. Neurostimulation, cognitive training, and physical rehabilitation are instances of non-pharmacological therapies that support neuroplasticity. Restoring compensating systems may be possible with the use of stem cell techniques and new gene treatments. The goal of future research is to combine biomarkers and individualized medicines to maximize neuroadaptive responses and decrease the course of illness. In order to reduce neurodegeneration and enhance patient outcomes, this review highlights the dual function of neuroadaptation in NDDs and its potential as a therapeutic target.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111375"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in the ultrasonic vocalization sequences in pups of an autism spectrum disorder mouse model: A longitudinal study over age and sex","authors":"Swapna Agarwalla ,&nbsp;M.S. Yuvarani ,&nbsp;Sharba Bandyopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111372","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111372","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social communication deficit is a hallmark of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Mouse ultrasonic-vocalizations (USVs), with communicative significance, are extensively used to probe vocalization-based social communication impairment. Despite the predictable nature of mouse USVs, very few studies have taken advantage of the same. The current work explores USV pup-isolation-call (PIC) features and alterations in structural content of predictive PIC sequences of the well-established in-utero valproic-acid (VPA) exposure-based ASDs model. Our study shows that along with call features, even higher-order USV structures undergo alterations in the ASDs model at all developmental ages and sexes. Confirming prior observations, we found reduced call rates and durations, as well as heightened peak frequencies in ASD model pups. Our data also highlights trends in call features, syllable composition, and transitions across sexes and age. The ASD female mice exhibited higher within group heterogeneity in syllable composition and transition over age compared to ASD males or typically developing males and females. Analysis of sequences of USVs emitted by pups using mutual information between syllables at different positions revealed that dependencies between syllables were higher in typically developing mice of both sexes compared to ASD model pups. In brief, we found that PICs call features were altered in VPA mouse models both for male and female pups and their vocalizations lack the complex syllable sequence order emitted by typically developing ones. Our studies will help establish and further investigate ASD mouse models to get a clearer picture of abnormalities related to social communication deficits over sexes and age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111372"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index during pregnancy and its relationship with gyrification and IQ in young adult offspring","authors":"Klara Mareckova ,&nbsp;Lada Holland ,&nbsp;Radek Marecek ,&nbsp;Lenka Andryskova ,&nbsp;Milan Brazdil ,&nbsp;Samantha Dawson ,&nbsp;Yuliya S. Nikolova","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111373","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111373","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Maternal diet during pregnancy has been associated with brain development and cognitive function in offspring, but the mechanisms mediating these relationships remain poorly understood. We conducted a longitudinal neuroimaging follow-up of a prenatal birth cohort and used Food Frequency Questionnaires completed by the mother in mid-pregnancy to calculate prenatal Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and tested its relationship with brain gyrification, an index of early brain development, and IQ in young adults (<em>n</em> = 179, age 28–30). The longitudinal gyrification data were available for a subset of these individuals (<em>n</em> = 77, age 23–24). A higher maternal pro-inflammatory diet during pregnancy, as represented by higher DII, was associated with worse verbal IQ but not performance IQ in young adulthood. These findings were independent of sex and remained significant after adjusting for maternal education, maternal stressful life events during pregnancy, maternal smoking during pregnancy, prenatal supplements (e.g. folic acid, iron, zinc, calcium, vitamins), and maternal age at birth. Moreover, higher DII was associated with altered cortical gyrification in the early as well as the late 20, particularly in men. Gyrification of the anterior middle and inferior frontal gyrus mediated the relationship between prenatal DII and verbal IQ in young adulthood. These findings support the use of cortical gyrification as a proxy marker of early brain development and suggest it may underlie the relationship between maternal diet during pregnancy and its long-term impact on cognitive skills in offspring. They also have important implications for pregnant women who might be able to optimize the brain development and verbal IQ of their children through an anti-inflammatory diet.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111373"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted interhemispheric functional and structural connectivity in patients with major depressive disorder","authors":"Qianqian Li ,&nbsp;Li Qi ,&nbsp;Gu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiajia Hao ,&nbsp;Qiufang Ren ,&nbsp;Jian Guan ,&nbsp;Yuqian Zhan ,&nbsp;Yue Yu ,&nbsp;Jinying Yang ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Tongjian Bai","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111374","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111374","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with disrupted interhemispheric cooperation. However, the relationship between structural and functional alterations in interhemispheric cooperation in patients with MDD remains unclear. We investigated the associations between voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) and radial diffusivity (RD) within the corpus callosum (CC) and their links to depressive symptoms in patients with MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty patients with MDD and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were assessed using resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and diffusion MRI (dMRI) to evaluate interhemispheric functional connectivity (VMHC) and structural integrity (RD) in the CC subregions. Group comparisons, correlation analyses, and mediation analyses were conducted to identify the significant differences, relationships, and indirect effects.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with MDD showed significantly reduced VMHC in the bilateral postcentral gyrus and lingual gyrus and increased RD in the CC subregions CC3, CC4, and CC5, indicating impaired functional and structural connectivity. Lower VMHC in the lingual gyrus was negatively correlated with depressive severity, whereas increased RD in the CC4 and CC5 was positively correlated with depressive symptoms. Mediation analysis revealed that the VMHC in the lingual gyrus fully mediated the relationship between RD in CC5 and depressive symptoms, suggesting a pathway through which structural impairments may affect mood through abnormal functional connectivity.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The cross-sectional design limits the assessment of changes over time, and focusing solely on interhemispheric connectivity may overlook other networks involved in MDD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings provide preliminary evidence for disrupted interhemispheric coordination in MDD, with both functional and structural connectivity impairments linked to depressive symptoms. The mediating effect of the VMHC in the lingual gyrus highlights the potential role of interhemispheric connectivity in the pathophysiology of MDD. Our results provide an integrative perspective on the functional and microstructural organization of the brain in patients with MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111374"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tactile stimulation ameliorates haloperidol-induced movement disturbances in rats by promoting neuromodulation on dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in nigrostriatal brain area","authors":"J.L.O. Rosa ,&nbsp;P. Brivio ,&nbsp;D.R. Rossato ,&nbsp;M.B. Fontoura ,&nbsp;L.E.M. Souza ,&nbsp;F. Fumagalli ,&nbsp;F. Calabrese ,&nbsp;M.E. Burger","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The antipsychotic haloperidol (HAL) primarily antagonizes dopaminergic type-2 receptors. It is known that antipsychotic treatment are commonly related with extrapyramidal syndrome (EPS), which involves movement disorders such as parkinsonism, akathisia and tardive dyskinesia. Tactile stimulation (TS) has been helpful in animal models of drug abuse and depression, raising our interest in evaluating its possible benefits on extrapyramidal HAL-induced side-effects in male adult rats. Subsequently to a sub-chronic model of EPS, TS reversed orofacial dyskinesia and movement impairments induced by HAL and promoted beneficial modulations on dopaminergic and glutamatergic systems in nigrostriatal brain area. Given these outcomes, it is important to consider that: i) TS can help to control and/or reduce movement disorders consequent to antipsychotic treatment; ii) TS can help to better clarify the imbalanced of dopaminergic system haloperidol promotes. Based on our current and previous studies about the benefits of TS, we hypothesize that the TS may represent an important therapeutic target to treat neuromotor disorders originating in the nigrostriatal system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111376"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered volume of thalamic nuclei and genetic expression in first-episode psychotic patients, and their association with childhood adversity","authors":"Uriel K.A. Elvira ,&nbsp;Olga Rivero ,&nbsp;Alba Postiguillo ,&nbsp;Gracian García-Marti ,&nbsp;Maria Jose Escarti ,&nbsp;Eduardo J. Aguilar ,&nbsp;Javier David-Lluesma ,&nbsp;Maria Dolores Molto ,&nbsp;Marta Perez-Rando ,&nbsp;Juan Nacher","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Childhood maltreatment is a significant risk factor for schizophrenia, and there are correlations between these adversities and thalamic gray matter density. The thalamus, a subcortical structure with various nuclei with specific connections, relays sensory information and participates in higher cognitive processes. Thalamic alterations are evident in psychotic disorders, and early-life adversities may affect its development, potentially contributing to psychosis. However, no evidence exists of volumetric alterations in thalamic nuclei in first-episode psychosis (FEP) patients related to early traumatic events. This study recruited 70 FEP patients and 68 age-matched healthy controls, who underwent 3 T structural MRI and clinical scales, including the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The thalamus was analyzed for shape and segmented into nuclei to assess volume. Additionally, peripheral blood was analyzed for the expression of <em>VCAN, CSGALNACT1, ST8SIA4, NRGN, SP4,</em> and <em>TOX</em> genes, which are related to neuronal plasticity in the thalamus and psychosis. Results showed volumetric reductions in the whole thalamus and specific nuclei (lateral posterior, lateral geniculate, medial geniculate, ventrolateral, centromedian, anteroventral, mediodorsal, and pulvinar). The thalamus did not show shape alterations. A significant association was observed between physical neglect during childhood and the volume of the left thalamus and its anteroventral nucleus. Reduced expression of <em>ST8SIA4</em> and <em>SP4</em> genes was detected in FEP patients compared to healthy controls, with correlations between thalamic nuclei volumes and gene expression differing between groups. In conclusion, this study links thalamic nuclei volume with childhood adversities in FEP and highlights changes in <em>ST8SIA4</em> and <em>SP4</em> expression, correlating with thalamic nuclei volumes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111371"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the shared genetic basis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and obstructive sleep apnea: A multi-omics analysis","authors":"Yijie Huang ,&nbsp;Chao Ju ,&nbsp;Jie Luo ,&nbsp;Yun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Observational studies have suggested an association between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), but these findings are often inconsistent due to potential biases from medication use, and varying diagnostic criteria. Genetic analyses can help mitigate these confounding factors, providing additional evidence.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study evaluated the genetic correlations between ADHD and OSA using Genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data, applying linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and SUPER GeNetic cOVariance Analyzer (SUPERGNOVA). Cross-trait association and colocalization analysis identify potential pleiotropic loci. Tissue enrichment analysis and gene-level analysis of shared genes between OSA and ADHD was conducted. Additionally, bidirectional Mendelian randomization was used to assess potential causal relationships.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found significant genetic correlations between ADHD and OSA (rg = 0.309, <em>p</em> = 3.252E−27), and identified 8 novel pleiotropic loci through cross-trait association analysis. Tissue enrichment analysis showed that these shared genes were primarily concentrated in brain tissues, particularly in deep gray matter regions, and were associated with immune and inflammatory pathways. Forward Mendelian Randomization analysis showed that ADHD was significantly associated with the risk of OSA (OR 1.070, 95 % CI 1.013–1.130, <em>p</em> = 0.016), and reverse analysis showed that OSA was significantly associated with the risk of ADHD (OR 1.240, 95 % CI 1.106–1.390, <em>p</em> = 2.213E−4).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of this study show a significant positive genetic correlation between ADHD and OSA and each is a risk factor for the other. Inflammation in specific brain regions may be the underlying mechanism for their comorbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111369"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alterations in structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging associated with cognitive function in patients with treatment-naïve first-episode major depressive disorder","authors":"Chenyu Liu ,&nbsp;Hehua Li ,&nbsp;Shixuan Feng ,&nbsp;Ziyun Zhang ,&nbsp;Miaolan Huang ,&nbsp;Shisong Lin ,&nbsp;Liangda Zhong ,&nbsp;Dongchang Huang ,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Kai Wu ,&nbsp;Fengchun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive impairment is a prominent feature in the clinical presentation of major depressive disorder (MDD). Patients with MDD have brain structural and functional abnormalities. However, the association between such abnormalities and cognitive function remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>For this research, 105 patients with treatment-naïve first-episode MDD and 53 healthy controls (HCs) underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and neuropsychological assessment. The MRI main indicators included sulcus depth (SD), local gyration index (LGI) and amplitude of low frequency fluctuations (ALFF). The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) was used for neuropsychological assessment. The support vector machine (SVM) was used to assess the accuracy of the classification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Compared with the HCs, the patients with MDD had significant decreases in five dimensions of the MCCB, as well as in SD in the left superior temporal sulcus and inferior parietal cortex, but had an increases in LGI in the left precuneus cortex and pericalcarine cortex and ALFF of the left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex. In addition, the visual learning score (one MCCB dimension) was negatively associated with the SD of the left superior temporal sulcus and positively associated with the ALFF of left calcarine fissure and surrounding cortex. The SVM has a relatively good ability to distinguish patients with MDD and HCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Cognitive impairment in patients with MDD was associated with abnormal an SD and ALFF. These findings help to further understand cognitive impairment in patients with MDD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111367"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143854820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connectome modeling of discrimination exposure: Impact on your social brain and psychological symptoms","authors":"Xiaobei Zhang ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Lisa A. Kilpatrick ,&nbsp;Tien S. Dong ,&nbsp;Gilbert C. Gee ,&nbsp;Hiram Beltran-Sanchez ,&nbsp;May C. Wang ,&nbsp;Allison Vaughan ,&nbsp;Arpana Church","doi":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111366","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pnpbp.2025.111366","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Discrimination is a social stressor that is associated with adverse health outcomes, but the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. The fusiform, including the fusiform face area (FFA) plays a critical role in face perception especially regarding hostile faces during discrimination exposure; and are key regions involved in social cognition. We compared resting-state spontaneous activity and connectivity of the fusiform and FFA, between 153 individuals (110 women) with high (<em>N</em> = 73) and low (<em>N</em> = 80) levels of discrimination (measured by the Everyday Discrimination Scale) and evaluated the relationships of these brain signatures with psychological outcomes and stress-related neurotransmitters. Discrimination-related group differences showed altered fusiform signal fluctuation dynamics (Hurst exponent) and connectivity. These alterations predicted discrimination experiences and correlated with anxiety, depression, and cognitive difficulties. A molecular architecture analysis using cross-modal spatial correlation of brain signatures and nuclear imaging derived estimates of stress-related neurotransmitters demonstrated overlap between discrimination-related connectivity and dopamine, serotonin, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and acetylcholine. Discrimination exposure associated with alterations in the fusiform and face processing area may reflect enhanced baseline preparedness and vigilance towards facial stimuli and decreased top-down regulation of potential threats. These brain alterations may contribute to increased vulnerability for the development of mental health symptoms, demonstrating clinical relevance of social cognition in stressful interpersonal relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54549,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry","volume":"139 ","pages":"Article 111366"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143863387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}