Environmental Monitoring and Assessment最新文献

{"title":"Sensitive shrubland and unique urbanization patterns: the key to understanding emerging towns growth in arid regions","authors":"Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Junling He,&nbsp;Chunying Ren,&nbsp;Cun Chang,&nbsp;Wenxi Tang,&nbsp;Xifeng Ju,&nbsp;Adilai Saitiniyaz,&nbsp;Xin Guo,&nbsp;Liyang Cui,&nbsp;Liming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13693-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13693-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The urbanization process is complex and lengthy, typically resulting in dual changes in the socioeconomic structure and ecological environment. However, in the context of arid environments and initial urbanization, emerging towns undergo evolutionary processes different from those of traditional cities. This study focuses on a typical town, analyzing its growth under the combined effects of arid conditions and incipient urbanization. The results reveal a unique urbanization trajectory in the hinterland of southern Xinjiang: transitioning from refined agricultural planting to shrubland and bare land dominated by natural factors and then to impervious surfaces. While the pattern was complex, the direction of transition was clear. Using the town’s establishment in 2014 as a critical node for urbanization initiation, shrubland emerged as the most sensitive land type, with a proportional increase by a factor of 2.6 from 2010 to 2015. This was driven by the abandonment of cultivated land, which decreased by 11.3% during the study period, with 78% of the newly added shrubland area converted from cropland. By applying the Markov model together with the InVEST model, the study predicted urban land-use transition patterns over the next 5 years and revealed that urbanization primarily exacerbates the instability of water yield in the surrounding region. This study uniquely addresses the gap in understanding the impacts of the urbanization process of emerging towns in arid regions and its associated ecological processes. A detailed investigation of such urbanization is crucial to mitigating issues like disorderly land use and promoting the sustainable development of small and medium-sized towns.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10661-025-13693-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial distribution, sources, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals in Lianyungang coastal sediments of China","authors":"Wenying Li,&nbsp;Fucheng Liu,&nbsp;Wei Zhang,&nbsp;Xiaoxin Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13736-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13736-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Heavy metals are the primary pollutants in surface sediments of coastal area, and they can affect aquatic organisms and human health through accumulation and release into the environment. To investigate the spatial distribution, sources, and ecological hazards of heavy metals, this study analyzed the data on the contents of heavy metals in surface sediments of coastal areas in Lianyungang. The results indicate that significant spatial differences exist in the distribution of these metals. The average contents of As, Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn were 5.6, 0.53, 41.4, 21.2, 12.4, and 49.6 mg/kg, respectively. Only the average value of Cd exceeded the background value, while the others were all lower than their respective background values. The ecological risk index of individual elements ranked from high to low is as follows: Cd &gt; As &gt; Ni &gt; Pb &gt; Cr &gt; Zn. Additionally, the comprehensive ecological hazard index suggests that the ecological risk of the coastal sediments in Lianyungang is generally at a low to moderate level, with Cd being the major contributor. Numerous analyses show that Cr, Ni, and Zn mainly stem from industrial wastewater discharge, As and Cd mainly originate from agricultural and aquaculture activities, and Pb mainly comes from port traffic and atmospheric deposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing air quality extremes: a comparative extreme value analysis of metropolitan cities across India and the world","authors":"Dhrubajyoti Ghosh","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13754-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13754-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Air pollution is a significant global issue that impacts public health, particularly in urban areas where pollution levels often exceed safe limits. The Air Quality Index (AQI) serves as a key metric to assess the concentration of harmful pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), ozone, and nitrogen oxides. This study conducts an extreme value analysis (EVA) of AQI data from five major Indian cities—Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, and Hyderabad—and eight other metropolitan cities worldwide, including Dhaka, Chengdu, and Bogota. The goal is to evaluate the probability of extreme pollution events and compare the seasonal patterns of air quality in these cities. Our findings indicate that cities like New Delhi and Dhaka consistently experience AQI levels that exceed hazardous thresholds, particularly during the winter months and festival seasons. This study provides critical insights into the air quality crisis in India and other regions, emphasizing the need for targeted policy interventions, including stricter emission regulations, adoption of cleaner energy sources, and enhanced public awareness campaigns to mitigate the effects of extreme pollution events.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary assessment of microplastics in the waters and sediments of the second-largest freshwater lagoon in India","authors":"Saichand V,&nbsp;Nagalakshmi R","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13714-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13714-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pulicat is India’s second-largest freshwater lagoon having unique biological ecosystem and economical importance. The lagoon systems are highly polluted by the microplastics (MP) due to anthropogenic activity and microplastics are highly emerging kind of contaminant in the environment. Samples were collected from a part of the lagoon near the mouth region. Morphological identification of microplastics with microscope and polymer identification using ATR-FTIR and Micro-Raman spectroscopy was carried out. From the result, average abundance of the MP particles in surface water ranges 3.12 ± 1.53 particles per 1000 l and 701 ± 198 particles per kg for sediments, respectively. Microplastics &lt; 1 mm (1–1000 microns) are dominant in size. Fibres, fragments and films were most occupied in physical form, respectively, in microplastic samples and polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) were the predominant polymer types composited in MP particles. This study concludes that Pulicat lagoon is significantly polluted by microplastic, which is mostly contributed by fishing and mismanagement of plastic wastes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of population ecology and potential habitat modelling of Schleichera oleosa in Uttarakhand Himalaya of India: implications for management and conservation","authors":"Pravin Rawat,&nbsp;Ombir Singh,&nbsp;Manisha Thapliyal,&nbsp;Praveen Kumar Verma,&nbsp;Indra Singh,&nbsp;Raj Kumar,&nbsp;Sneha Dobhal,&nbsp;Ravindra Singh,&nbsp;Ranjeet Singh,&nbsp;Aman Kumar,&nbsp;Deepshikha Nirala","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13700-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13700-8","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Schleichera oleosa&lt;/i&gt; (Lour.) Oken is an important tree species and holds great ecological and economical importance in the lower Western Himalaya of India. Unfortunately, its populations in the region are facing decline due to range of natural (extreme weather/edaphic conditions and invasion of invasive alien species) and human-induced disturbances (grazing, lopping for fodder and fuel wood consumption). To address this issue, a study was conducted in the Doon Valley of the lower Western Himalaya to evaluate the population status and regeneration pattern of this species. Additionally, the study aimed to identify and map the potential habitat of the Indian lac tree in this region. Therefore, a detailed vegetation study was conducted using the stratified random sampling procedure at elevations between 250 and 1000 m. The relative values of frequency, density, and abundance were used to determine the importance value index (IVI) for tree species. These IVI data was further used to re-congregate the quadrates to know the forest association; following this the multivariate analysis was conducted using PAST 4.0 software to group vegetation into different catagories. In the present study, we categorized the tree species into 8 distinct plant associations as &lt;i&gt;Anogeissus − Lannea − Adina, Lannea − Mallotous − Schleichera, Schleichera − Lannea − Syzygium&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Schleichera − Anogeissus − Adina&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Holoptelea − Lagerstroemia − Schleichera, Schleichera − Cordia − Albizia&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Shorea − Mallotous − Cassia&lt;/i&gt;, and &lt;i&gt;Azadirachta − Senegalia − Tectona&lt;/i&gt; association on the basis of species dominance. The study observed a total of 177 species in &lt;i&gt;S. oleosa&lt;/i&gt; forests, including both native and exotic species. Among these, 89 species (50.28%) were classified as trees, 31 species (17.51%) as shrubs, 37 species (20.90%) as herbs, and 20 species (11.30%) as climbers. In various associations, the overall density of &lt;i&gt;S. oleosa&lt;/i&gt; trees ranged from 16 to 86 individuals per hectare, while the total tree density ranged from 213 to 540 individuals per hectare. The maximum density of saplings for &lt;i&gt;S. oleosa&lt;/i&gt; was recorded as 253 individuals per hectare, while for seedlings, it was 2750 individuals per hectare. Of the eight association types that have existed in the area, the &lt;i&gt;Azadirachta − Senegalia − Tectona&lt;/i&gt; association showed a complete failure of regeneration (absence of seedlings or saplings), while the &lt;i&gt;Holoptelea − Lagerstroemia − Schleichera&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Schleichera − Cordia − Albizia&lt;/i&gt; and &lt;i&gt;Shorea − Mallotous − Cassia&lt;/i&gt; association showed absence of saplings. In order to create a species conservation and management plan, we utilized the MaxEnt model to develop a potential distribution map for the species. The results obtained from this model were quite satisfactory, with an AUC mean of 0.929. The model determined that an area of 152.85 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; is highly suitable for the species and could potentially be utilized for ","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Assessment of heavy metals contamination/pollution of phosphogypsum waste of the Mdhilla region (Gafsa, southern Tunisia)","authors":"Amor Ben Garali,&nbsp;Sahar Salah,&nbsp;Mohsen Henchiri,&nbsp;Feyda Srarfi","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13753-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13753-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143396580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of agriculture to inland aquaculture in the coastal plains of West Bengal, India","authors":"Aznarul Islam,&nbsp;Bhanu Kumar Mandal,&nbsp;Biplab Sarkar,&nbsp;Abdur Rahman,&nbsp;Subodh Chandra Pal","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13672-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13672-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional agriculture has a notable shift towards inland aquaculture driven by geo-environmental hazards and socio-economic choices. This shift is crucial for ensuring economic resiliency and food security. Therefore, the present study examines the transformation of agricultural land to inland aquaculture among the three community development (C.D.) blocks Egra-II, Patashpur-I, and Moyna of Purba Medinipur district in West Bengal, India, from 1990 to 2020. The expansion of aquacultural land and future prediction for 2030 has been executed using Landsat data and the Markov chain model. The results exhibit that the cultivated area (29.3 km²) has been converted into inland aquaculture for Moyna followed by Egra-II (20.61 km²) and Patashpur-I (15. 04 km²) during the period of 1990–2020. Thus, the rapid agricultural land transformation into inland aquaculture has been discussed from the perspective of push factors of geo-environmental hazards such as riverine floods, stagnation of water and riverbank migration, and pull factors of socio-economic drivers such as higher benefit–cost ratio from the inland aquaculture compared to conventional agriculture and role of microfinance and self-help groups. The field survey grounds that the per capita income of the study villages (e.g., Dakshin Chanra Chak, Gokulpur, Dubda) having positive transformation are found to record an escalating income portfolio (INR 2500–3000 in 2000 to 5000–7000 in 2022-23; 1 USD = INR 82.24 on 31 July 2023) while the villages (e.g., Dobandi, Kulrakhi, Nayapara) having negative transformation are found to register a relatively stable income profile (INR 2500–3000 in 2000 to 4000–5000 in 2022-23). An increasing trend of per capita income is found to induce a higher level of food security in the positive transformation area. Therefore, the present study would be useful to address the food security and future challenges due to the land transformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glacial landforms and geometric transformations: tracing the history of Pensilungpa and Durung-Drung glaciers in Suru and Doda River valleys, Western Himalaya, Ladakh","authors":"Pankaj Kunmar,&nbsp;Ajay Singh Rana,&nbsp;Vinit Kumar,&nbsp;Manish Mehta,&nbsp;H. C. Nainwal","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13727-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13727-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study focuses on the geomorphological, morphological, and glacier lake dynamics around the Durung-Drung (DDG) and Pensilungpa (PG) glaciers in Zanskar Himalaya, Ladakh. It identifies evidence of five stages of glacier advancement through preserved lateral moraines, showcasing deglaciation by 21 phases of recessional moraines for DDG and 9 phases for PG. The paleo-extent of the moraines reaching ~ 8 and ~ 9 km for DDG and PG indicates a negative mass balance at present, suggesting similarities of the glacier advancement during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglaciation after the LGM in the Himalaya and Tibet. The oldest lateral moraines observed thicknesses measure ~ 350 m for DDG and ~ 170 m for PG. Additionally, seven periglacial lakes near the Pensila Pass and two proglacial lakes at the front of the DDG are studied in detail. The field observations between 2015 and 2023 suggest that these lakes have increased in area and volume. The periglacial lake dimensions showed a marginal increase of 6.5% (17,939 m²) in surface area and around 7% (148,384 m³) in water volume, highlighting their dependence on non-glacial water sources (rain or snowmelt), whereas the expansion of the proglacial lakes near DDG was notable, with a ~ 164% increase in area and 190% in water volume between 2004 and 2023. These substantial increments underscore intensified glacial melt processes, emphasizing the vulnerability of the region’s glacial dynamics to climate change. Further, field observations from 2015 to 2023 revealed a total terminus retreat of ~ ( −)165 ± 95 m with an average rate of − 21 ± 12 m a⁻¹ for DDG and ~ ( −)80 ± 35 m with an average rate of − 10 ± 4 m a⁻¹ for PG. These findings signify a concerning acceleration in glacier recession and an increase in glacial melt, potentially influenced by the ongoing climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of health risks due to the inhalation of respiratory particulate matter generated in the community kitchens","authors":"K. Sudeep Kumara,&nbsp;N. Karunakara,&nbsp;Y. S. Mayya,&nbsp;Pratim Biswas","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13688-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13688-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exposure to indoor air pollution (IAP) is a potential health hazard leading to premature deaths around the globe. Cooking activity is one of the primary sources of IAP in households. Many studies have focussed on IAP due to cooking practices worldwide, but studies in community kitchens, which serve food for many populations of different age groups, particularly in highly populated developing countries such as India, are non-existent. In this study, the concentrations of particulate matter (PM) of size fractions PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ in indoor air were measured simultaneously and continuously for a duration of up to 20 days in 15 community kitchens using real-time PM monitoring systems (Applied Particle Technology Inc, USA) to assess the associated health risks related to the cooking profession. Three categories of kitchens were studied based on the type of fuel used, viz., LPG, LPG + SBF, and SBF. The concentrations of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀ ranged from 40 to 286 µg m⁻³, 58 to 418 µg m⁻³, and 62 to 434 µg m⁻³, respectively, with corresponding geometric mean (GM) values of 74 µg m⁻³, 111 µg m⁻³, and 119 µg m⁻³. PM ratios were in the order PM_2.5/PM₁₀ &gt; PM₁/PM_2.5 &gt; PM₁/PM_10. A higher ratio of PM_2.5/PM₁₀ was due to the resuspension of particles generated from the cooking process. ELCR values (1.7 × 10⁻⁵–1.3 × 10⁻⁴) were higher when compared to the recommended limit for humans (1 × 10⁻⁶–1 × 10⁻⁵) by WHO and US EPA. The HQ values for PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ ranged from 1.8 to 13.7 and 0.9 to 4.5, respectively, with corresponding geometric mean (GM) values of 4.7 and 2.2. The ER and AF for all-cause mortality varied between 0.05–0.52 (GM = 0.13) and 0.05–0.34 (GM = 0.11), respectively. The HQ values for all community kitchens &gt; 1, suggesting a high non-carcinogenic risk to the workers. This study revealed that the workers in the community kitchens are exposed to enhanced air pollution. This study has underlined the importance of health issues to the workers attributable to the inhalation of respiratory PM in the community kitchens.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143379754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simultaneous quantification of carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and paraquat in a municipal wastewater treatment plant by SPE-RP-HPLC–PDA-FD method","authors":"Kefa K. Onchoke,&nbsp;Joshua S. Hamilton,&nbsp;Anthony M. Broom,&nbsp;Gary Lopez","doi":"10.1007/s10661-025-13704-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10661-025-13704-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three commonly used pesticides, carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, and paraquat, were quantified by using solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique and high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array and fluorescence detectors (HPLC–PDA-FD) in wastewater treatment plant. After solid-phase extraction, separation, and quantification were done using a C₁₈ analytical column, an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile/water (70%:30% v/v) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min, and a column oven maintained at 35 °C. Analyte concentrations were detected simultaneously at 230 nm, 254 nm, and 270 nm. PDA detection at 230 nm gave LOD and LOQ values of 0.65 mg/L and 1.98 mg/L, 0.39 mg/L, and 1.17 mg/L, for carbaryl and chlorpyrifos, respectively. Fluorescence emission peaks, λ_exc (270 nm) and λ_em (320 nm), were chosen for detection. FD gave LOD and LOQ values of 0.98 mg/L and 2.96 mg/L, 1.57 mg/L, and 4.76 mg/L, for carbaryl and chlorpyrifos, respectively. Calibration curves based on integrated peak area counts gave satisfactory linearity (<i>R</i>² ≥ 0.9995). Although exhibiting low detector sensitivity for paraquat at 230 nm, this method is deemed best suited for routine analysis in Wastewater Treatment Plants (WWTPs). The developed and validated method using lower-cost dual detectors, PDA-FD, as a substitute for the higher-cost mass spectrometry is suitable for routine quantitative and qualitative analysis of carbaryl, paraquat, and chlorpyrifos in wastewater and environmental samples.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":544,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Monitoring and Assessment","volume":"197 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143388724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}