Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal最新文献_第3页

EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL INOCULATION ON Eucalyptus globulus SEEDLINGS AND SOME SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER APPLICATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE AMENDMENT 污水污泥改良剂下丛枝菌根真菌接种对蓝桉幼苗及土壤酶活性的影响

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000200001

C. Arriagada, P. Pacheco, G. Pereira, Á. Machuca, M. Alvear, J. Ocampo

{"title":"EFFECT OF ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGAL INOCULATION ON Eucalyptus globulus SEEDLINGS AND SOME SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES UNDER APPLICATION OF SEWAGE SLUDGE AMENDMENT","authors":"C. Arriagada, P. Pacheco, G. Pereira, Á. Machuca, M. Alvear, J. Ocampo","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000200001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000200001","url":null,"abstract":"The sewage sludge (SS) represents a source of organic matter although its increasing accumulation need a suitable environmental treatment. Our study analyzed the effect of the interaction between sewage sludge (doses 0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 g per 100 g of soil) and Eucalyptus globulus nursery seedlings inoculated with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi as a fertilizers alternative and evaluate its effect on some soil enzyme activities. The seedlings were inoculated with Glomus claroideum, Glomus viscosum, Glomus intraradices and Glomus constrictum, establishing a uninoculated control. The sewage sludge application increased the shoot dry weight and the inoculation with G. viscosum was more effective at 6 g of SS in 100 g soil. The root colonization and succinate dehydrogenase activity was decreased by all doses of SS used. The Fluorescein diacetate activity was increased by the AM inoculation but not by sewage sludge. The β-glucosidase activity was increased in presence of SS at 6 g 100 g -1 . The N and P uptake by the E. globulus plants was higher in presence of sewage sludge and more effective with G. viscosum plant inoculation. In conclusion the application of these amounts of SS promoted the plant growth and can be regarded as a successful biotechnological tool for the greenhouse plant production.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"52 1","pages":"89-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86488673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

THE IMPACT OF USING LEAFCUTTING BEES (Megachilidae hymenoptera) WITH DIFFERENT FERTILIZATION TREATMENTS ON ALFALFA SEED PRODUCTION 不同施肥处理下切叶蜂对紫花苜蓿种子产量的影响

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000200005

M. Shebl, S. Kamel, Talaat A Abu Hashesh, M. Osman

引用次数: 14

CONDUCTIVIDAD HIDRÁULICA EN MONOLITOS DE SUELO DE CHILE CENTRAL 智利中部土壤巨石的水力传导率

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000300004

P. ManuelCasanova, G. OsvaldoSalazar, S. OscarSeguel, A. VerónicaNoguer

{"title":"CONDUCTIVIDAD HIDRÁULICA EN MONOLITOS DE SUELO DE CHILE CENTRAL","authors":"P. ManuelCasanova, G. OsvaldoSalazar, S. OscarSeguel, A. VerónicaNoguer","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000300004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000300004","url":null,"abstract":"Se evaluo, con tensioinfiltrometro y en condiciones de laboratorio, la conductividad hidraulica de suelos en distintos gradientes de pendiente (0%, 15%, 20% y 25 %) utilizando cuatro monolitos de clases texturales contrastantes (SA, SFA, SFa y SaF), provenientes de suelos (Fluventic Haploxerolls y Typic Xerochrepts) de la zona central de Chile. Se emplearon 13 potenciales de suministro de agua (Ψs) entre -140 y -20 mm. Obtenida la conductividad hidraulica insaturada (KΨ) para cada Ψs , los valores pareados [ln(KΨ) y Ψs] fueron ajustados a un modelo bilineal, asumiendo que una funcion exponencial continua de KΨ es aplicable al sistema macroporoso y mesoporoso, con un quiebre a un potencial limite. La conductividad hidraulica saturada (K∫s) se estimo extrapolando al potencial de suministro cero. Asi, al realizar un ajuste gravitacional del potencial de suministro, K∫s mostro una marcada tendencia a disminuir en todos los suelos al aumentar el gradiente de pendiente, lo que se atribuye a una refraccion del flujo de agua, considerando la mayor resistencia friccional o viscosa que se genera al inclinar el suelo.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"7 1","pages":"210-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76263097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

PELLETIZATION OF Anthracophyllum discolor FOR WATER AND SOIL TREATMENT CONTAMINATED WITH ORGANIC POLLUTANTS 炭疽菌脱色制粒法处理受有机污染物污染的水和土壤

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000300001

O. Rubilar, S. Elgueta, G. Tortella, L. Gianfreda, M. C. Diez

{"title":"PELLETIZATION OF Anthracophyllum discolor FOR WATER AND SOIL TREATMENT CONTAMINATED WITH ORGANIC POLLUTANTS","authors":"O. Rubilar, S. Elgueta, G. Tortella, L. Gianfreda, M. C. Diez","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000300001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000300001","url":null,"abstract":"Pellets of the white-rot fungus Anthracophyllum discolor with activated carbon and sawdust (complex pellets) were formulated for the degradation of lignin in water and the bioremediation of soil contaminated with pentachlorophenol (PCP). The complex pellets were formed by a center of activated carbon and sawdust surrounded by fungal mycelium, whereas simple pellets consisting of only mycelium were hollow spheres. Degradation of lignin was performed in an airlift reactor at initial lignin concentration of 1000 mg L -1 and the fungal pellets were re-used two times in batch operations. Complex pellets degraded lignin by 87 and 72% in the first and second cycle, respectively, and they were significantly more effective than simple pellets. In addition, complex pellet showed higher manganese peroxidase activity in the reactor. For the bioremediation of soil contaminated with PCP (150 mg kg -1 of soil) the pellets were added to soil surface. PCP degradation in soil with complex pellets was 85% at 28 days of bioaugmentation, being higher than in soil with simple pellet. A fungus growth was also observed only in soil with complex pellet. Sawdust and activated carbon appear to be suitable carriers of A. discolor for degradation of organic pollutants in wastewater and soil.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"4 1","pages":"161-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74279321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

CARTOGRAFÍA DE LAS PÉRDIDAS POTENCIALES DE N-UREA POR VOLATILIZACIÓN EN SUELOS DE CHILE CENTRAL 绘制智利中部土壤中n -尿素挥发的潜在损失图

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000100002

P. ManuelCasanova, Z. CarlosBenavides

引用次数: 3

Curva de crescimento e marcha de absorção de macronutrientes em três cultivares de amoreira (Morus alba L) 3个桑树品种(Morus alba L)的生长曲线和大量养分吸收速率

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000100001

Diego Wyllyam do Vale, Renato de Mello Prado, Ancélio Ricardo de Oliveira Gondim, Roque Takahashi, M. A. R. Correia

引用次数: 1

KINETICS OF MOLYBDATE AND PHOSPHATE SORPTION BY SOME CHILEAN ANDISOLS 某些智利和二醇对钼酸盐和磷酸盐的吸附动力学

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000100005

G. ErikaMarinaVistoso, N. Bolan, B. Theng, M. Mora

{"title":"KINETICS OF MOLYBDATE AND PHOSPHATE SORPTION BY SOME CHILEAN ANDISOLS","authors":"G. ErikaMarinaVistoso, N. Bolan, B. Theng, M. Mora","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000100005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000100005","url":null,"abstract":"Se determinaron las cineticas de adsorcion de molibdato y fosfato en cuatro Andisoles Chilenos. Cerca del 55% del molibdato y 61% del fosfato fueron adsorbidos en las primeras 0,5 h; despues la adsorcion aumento lentamente, donde se adsorbio aproximadamente el 90% del molibdato y el 97% del fosfato despues de 72 h. Al mismo tiempo, aumento la concentracion de iones OH¯ en la solucion de suelo, aumentando el pH en 0,85 unidades para molibdato y en 0,65 unidades en el caso de fosfato. Estas observaciones indican que ambos aniones son adsorbidos por el mecanismo de intercambio de ligandos. Entre los cinco modelos cineticos examinados (Tabla 2), la ecuacion de Elovich mostro los mejores ajustes de los datos experimentales (R2 = 0,93 a 0,97; SE = 0,35 a 0,94). La velocidad de adsorcion (α), para ambos aniones, se relaciono con el contenido de materia organica (MO) de los suelos, especialmente con los contenidos de los complejos humus-Al y humus-Fe. Los valores de α para molibdato fueron 2,24x1015 mmol kg- h-1 en el suelo Vilcun (15% MO); 2,49 x1012 mmol kg-1 h-1 en el suelo Pemehue I16% MO); 8,76x1010 mmol kg-1 h-1 en el suelo Osorno (20% MO), y 3,11x107 mmol kg- h-1 en el suelo Piedras Negras (24% MO). Los valores correspondientes para fosfato fueron 3,89x107; 5,21x1010; 3,11x1012; y l,08x1016 mmol kg-1 h-1. La velocidad de desorcion (β) en los cuatro suelos (en el orden anterior) fluctuo en el rango de 0,47 a 0,28 para molibdato, y 0,22 a 0,39 mmol kg-1 h-1 para fosfato. Los resultados sugieren que la composicion mineralogica y el contenido de materia organica de estos Andisoles controlan la cinetica de adsorcion de molibdato y fosfato. Molibdato parece tener mayor afinidad por los oxidos-Fe y oxidos-Al, mientras que fosfato es mayormente adsorbido por los complejos humus-Fe y humus-Al.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"397 1","pages":"55-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90537163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

NUTRIENTS BALANCES IN BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT 肉牛生产系统中的营养平衡及其对环境的影响

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000100004

M. Alfaro, F. Salazar, O. Oenema, S. Iraira, N. Teuber, L. Ramírez, D. Villarroel

{"title":"NUTRIENTS BALANCES IN BEEF CATTLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS AND THEIR IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENVIRONMENT","authors":"M. Alfaro, F. Salazar, O. Oenema, S. Iraira, N. Teuber, L. Ramírez, D. Villarroel","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000100004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000100004","url":null,"abstract":"Las principales entradas y salidas de nitrogeno (N) y fosforo (P) en un suelo y pradera tipica de las condiciones del sur de Chile fueron determinadas en 2004/05 y 2006/07 para establecer balances de suelo y puerta bajo diferentes cargas animales (63 and 191 anim ha-1 d-1) y pendiente topografica (4 y 12%). Los tratamientos recibieron 67,5 y 40 kg N y P ha-1 ano-1 como fertilizante inorganico. Las principales entradas de N y P al suelo fueron la mineralizacion de N (304 kg ha-1 ano-1) y la fertilizacion inorganica (62 y 69% para N y P, respectivamente). Las principales salidas para todos los tratamientos fue la extraccion de las plantas (95% y 100% en promedio para N y P, respectivamente). La eficiencia de uso de N y P fue alta (>95%). El principal ingreso de N y P al balance de puerta fue el fertilizante inorganico (>95%), mientras que la produccion animal tuvo un efecto despreciable sobre la exportacion de N y P. Los balances de suelo variaron entre -303 y +58, y desde -3 a +20 kg de N y P ha-1 ano-1. Los balances de puerta variaron entre -309 y +58, y entre -8 y +20 kg de N y P ha-1 ano-1, respectivamente, indicando un potencial de degradacion de suelo en areas con bajo ingreso de nutrientes en fertilizantes inorganicos y una sobreacumulacion en areas con bajo nivel de produccion de materia seca, lo que puede resultar en restricciones medioambientales. Esto deberia considerarse especialmente en sistemas de produccion de leche, que son mas intensivamente manejados.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"15 1","pages":"40-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78872279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

CATALYTIC POTENTIAL OF SOIL HYDROLASES IN NORTHEAST CHINA UNDER DIFFERENT SOIL MOISTURE CONDITIONS 不同土壤水分条件下东北土壤水解酶的催化电位

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000200003

Y. Zhang, Cc Sun, Lijun Chen, Z. Duan

引用次数: 17

BENTAZON-MCPA EFFECT ON Fusarium oxysporum ROOT ROT ON Trifolium pratense IN GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS 苯达松- mcpa对温室条件下三叶草尖孢镰刀菌根腐病的防治效果

Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal Pub Date : 2009-01-01 DOI: 10.4067/S0718-27912009000200006

R. Ceballos, X. Cofre, A. Quiroz, N. Espinoza, G. Palma

{"title":"BENTAZON-MCPA EFFECT ON Fusarium oxysporum ROOT ROT ON Trifolium pratense IN GREENHOUSE CONDITIONS","authors":"R. Ceballos, X. Cofre, A. Quiroz, N. Espinoza, G. Palma","doi":"10.4067/S0718-27912009000200006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-27912009000200006","url":null,"abstract":"In Chile, the main factor in red clover {Trifolium pretense L.) stand decline is fusarium-root rot, which results in a reduction in yield. Fusarium oxysporum (Schlect.) is the most prevalent pathogen recovered from diseased red clover roots plants. Agronomical management of red clover includes application of broadleaf herbicides such as MCPA and bentazon. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of bentazon and bentazon/MCPA mixture on phytotoxicity and root rot as caused by F. oxysporum on red clover, under greenhouse conditions. In addition, in vitro mycelial growth and conidial germination of F. oxysporum was studied. A reduction of 40% in crown diameter and 57% shoot dry weight was observed 30 days after treatment with a high rate of bentazon/MCPA and F. oxysporum inoculum. The bentazon - F. oxysporum interaction reduced root dry weight by 57% at IX rate and 42% with 2X rate at 20 and 30 of evaluation. Bentazon caused a significant increase in phytotoxicity at the high rate and the mixture bentazon/MCPA increased root rot severity and phytotoxicity at the high rate. The conidial germination and mycelial growth were significantly reduced by bentazon/MCPA. These results suggest that red clover growth and persistence could be adversely affected by F. oxysporum after bentazon and bentazon/MCPA application.","PeriodicalId":54472,"journal":{"name":"Revista De La Ciencia Del Suelo Y Nutricion Vegetal","volume":"26 1","pages":"142-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90122326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3