Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo最新文献

{"title":"Fatal viscerotropic and neurotropic disease after yellow fever vaccine: a rare manifestation leading to diagnosis of severe combined immunodeficiency in an infant.","authors":"Lara Jhullian Tolentino Vieira, Gabriela Assunção Goebel, Yuri Barcelos, Luciana Oliveira Cunha, Luisa Teles Melo Santos, Roberta Maia de Castro Romanelli, Fernanda Gontijo Minafra, Andrea Lucchesi de Carvalho, Luiz Fernando Andrade de Carvalho, Lilian Martins Oliveira Diniz","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466050","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Yellow fever vaccine (YFV) is a live attenuated vaccine that can cause a mild infection in immunocompetent patients. However, it may not be self-limiting in patients with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) and may be the first and most severe presentation in these patients. A 10-month-old female infant sought emergency care presenting fever for three days and diffuse exanthema. She was a previous healthy child of consanguineous parents. The child had received YFV 28 days before the onset of symptoms. Upon hospital admission, petechial rash on the limbs and hepatosplenomegaly were noted on physical exam. Laboratory tests showed thrombocytopenia, increased serum aminotransferases and elevated gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase levels. During hospitalization she developed hypoactivity, drowsiness, and hypotonia. The possibility of viscerotropic and neurotropic vaccine associated disease was suspected and a possible primary immunodeficiency disease considered. The patient was tested for antibodies against the yellow fever virus (MAC ELISA) on serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples, showing positive IgM results. Immunophenotyping showed low levels of lymphocytes and absence of T-cell receptor excision circles (TREC), leading to diagnose of severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID). Despite treatment, after 35 days of hospitalization, she evolved to cardiorespiratory arrest and death. Serious adverse events after administration of the YFV are rare and associated with neurological or visceral involvement in most cases. The unfavorable outcome highlights the importance of neonatal screening for SCID and the clinical suspicion of primary immunodeficiencies in infants who have serious adverse events to live virus vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e50"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348792/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic endotheliitis in Golden Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2.","authors":"Alex Junior Souza de Souza, Antônio Francisco de Souza Filho, Cristina Kraemer Zimpel, Marina Caçador Ayupe, Marcelo Valdemir de Araújo, Rafael Rahal Guaragna Machado, Erika Salles, Caio Loureiro Salgado, Mariana Silva Tavares, Taiana Tainá Silva-Pereira, Paula Carolina de Souza, Edison Luiz Durigon, Marcos Bryan Heinemann, Paulo Eduardo Brandão, Denise Morais da Fonseca, Ana Marcia de Sá Guimarães, Lilian Rose Marques de Sá","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466044","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatic injuries in COVID-19 are not yet fully understood and indirect pathways (without viral replication in the liver) have been associated with the activation of vascular mechanisms of liver injury in humans infected with SARS-CoV-2. Golden Syrian hamsters are an effective model for experimental reproduction of moderate and self-limiting lung disease during SARS-CoV-2 infection. As observed in humans, this experimental model reproduces lesions of bronchointerstitial pneumonia and pulmonary vascular lesions, including endotheliitis (attachment of lymphoid cells to the luminal surface of endothelium). Extrapulmonary vascular lesions are well documented in COVID-19, but such extrapulmonary vascular lesions have not yet been described in the Golden Syrian hamster model of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study aimed to evaluate microscopic liver lesions in Golden Syrian hamsters experimentally infected with SARS-CoV-2. In total, 38 conventional Golden Syrian hamsters, divided into infected group (n=24) and mock-infected group (n=14), were euthanized at 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 7-, 14-, and 15-days post infection with SARS-CoV-2. Liver fragments were evaluated by histopathology and immunohistochemical detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike S2 antigens. The frequencies of portal vein endotheliitis, lobular activity, hepatocellular degeneration, and lobular vascular changes were higher among SARS-CoV-2-infected animals. Spike S2 antigen was not detected in liver. The main results indicate that SARS-CoV-2 infection exacerbated vascular and inflammatory lesions in the liver of hamsters with pre-existing hepatitis of unknown origin. A potential application of this animal model in studies of the pathogenesis and evolution of liver lesions associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection still needs further evaluation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295288/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibacterial activity of Nocardia spp. and Streptomyces sp. on multidrug-resistant pathogens causing neonatal sepsis.","authors":"Janette Berenice González-Nava, Gauddy Lizeth Manzanares-Leal, Luis Ángel Zapi-Colín, Sonia Dávila-Ramos, Horacio Sandoval-Trujillo, Ninfa Ramírez-Durán","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466042","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neonatal sepsis leads to severe morbidity and occasionally death among neonates within the first week following birth, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Empirical therapy includes antibiotics recommended by WHO. However, these have been ineffective against antimicrobial multidrug-resistant bacterial strains such as Klebsiella spp, Escherichia coli, and Staphylococcus aureus species. To counter this problem, new molecules and alternative sources of compounds with antibacterial activity are sought as options. Actinobacteria, particularly pathogenic strains, have revealed a biotechnological potential still underexplored. This study aimed to determine the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters and the antimicrobial activity of actinobacterial strains isolated from clinical cases against multidrug-resistant bacteria implicated in neonatal sepsis. In total, 15 strains isolated from clinical cases of actinomycetoma were used. PCR screening for the PKS-I, PKS-II, NRPS-I, and NRPS-II biosynthetic systems determined their secondary metabolite-producing potential. The strains were subsequently assayed for antimicrobial activity by the perpendicular cross streak method against Escherichia fergusonii Sec 23, Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae H1064, Klebsiella variicola H776, Klebsiella oxytoca H793, and Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. ozaenae H7595, previously classified as multidrug-resistant. Finally, the strains were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. It was found that 100% of the actinobacteria had biosynthetic systems. The most frequent biosynthetic system was NRPS-I (100%), and the most frequent combination was NRPS-I and PKS-II (27%). All 15 strains showed antimicrobial activity. The strain with the highest antimicrobial activity was Streptomyces albus 94.1572, as it inhibited the growth of the five multidrug-resistant bacteria evaluated.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e42"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stenotrophomonas maltophilia outbreak in a university hospital: epidemiological investigation and literature review of an emerging healthcare-associated infection.","authors":"Mehmet Erinmez, Feyza Nur Aşkın, Yasemin Zer","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466046","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was considered to be a low-virulence organism. But it has emerged as a prominent opportunistic pathogen in patients with certain risk factors. This study aimed to describe an outbreak experienced in our hospital with all dynamics while evaluating previous S. maltophilia outbreak reports. S. maltophilia isolates were obtained from a university hospital in Türkiye in a seven-months period. Antimicrobial resistance, type of infections, predisposing factors of infected patients, antibiotic therapy, outcome of infections, and outbreak source were investigated. Also, S. maltophilia outbreaks in the literature were reviewed. In the 12 months prior to the outbreak, prevalence rate of clinical samples including S. maltophilia was 7/1,000 patient per day, opposed to 113/1,000 patient per day during the outbreak. Although a large number of cases were observed in a short seven-month period, a source of contamination could not be detected. Stable mortality rates (or remaining close to the average) during outbreaks can be attributed to the careful attention paid by laboratory and clinic physicians during procedures. S. maltophilia has potential to spread outbreaks and infect patients in operating rooms and intensive care units during invasive procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e46"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission in breastfeeding mothers with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Fangping Xu, Ying Xiong, Min Gu, Lingling Wan, Yun Wang","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466045","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to systematically review interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV during breastfeeding. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis using specific criteria to identify randomized controlled trials that focused on pregnant and breastfeeding women living with HIV and their children from birth to 2 years of age. We extensively searched electronic databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Google Scholar up to October 24, 2023. After screening 3,110 titles and abstracts, we reviewed 306 full texts. Of these, we assessed the quality and risk of bias of fifty-five articles, ultimately identifying seven studies. Four of these studies, which focused on antiretroviral therapy (ART), were included in the meta-analysis. There was little heterogeneity in study methodology and pooled estimates. The postnatal HIV transmission rate was found to be 0.01 (95%CI: 0.00 - 0.02). Therefore, the risk of mother-to-child transmission among breastfeeding mothers with HIV was significantly lower in the intervention groups than in the placebo groups. Analysis of funnel plots and Egger's test (p = 0.589) showed no evidence of publication bias. In addition to the four articles, two studies compared different ART regimens and one study compared the administration of high-dose vitamin A to the mother or the child. The results suggest that the use of ART significantly reduces the risk of postnatal HIV transmission compared with placebo. However, the effectiveness of different ART regimens or other therapies, including high-dose vitamin A, is unclear.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e45"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of different cut-off points for IgG avidity and IgM in the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis in pregnant women participating in a congenital toxoplasmosis screening program.","authors":"Michelle Costa Laguardia, Ericka Viana Machado Carellos, Glaucia Manzan Queiroz Andrade, Mariângela Carneiro, José Nélio Januário, Ricardo Wagner de Almeida Vitor","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466043","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The main social impact of toxoplasmosis stems from its ability to be vertically transmitted. Postnatally acquired infection is generally asymptomatic in approximately 70-90% of cases, making diagnosis often dependent on laboratory tests using serological methods to search for anti-T. gondii antibodies. This study aimed to investigate the ability of the VIDAS TOXO IgG avidity and VIDAS TOXO IgM assays to confirm recent toxoplasmosis. In total, 341 pregnant women with suspected acute toxoplasmosis were systematically monitored in the Program for Control of Congenital Toxoplasmosis in Minas Gerais State, Brazil. We conducted an observational analytical-descriptive cross-sectional study and grouped according to clinical and laboratory criteria as having acute or chronic toxoplasmosis. The VIDAS TOXO IgG avidity and VIDAS TOXO IgM assays were evaluated to investigate the capacity to identify acute infection. IgG avidity showed good performance in identifying acute toxoplasmosis when the IgG avidity index was lower than or equal to 0.1. Values greater than or equal to 3.16 according to the TOXO IgM kit were associated with a greater chance of acute infection. These results may contribute to a more adequate diagnosis of acute gestational toxoplasmosis and, consequently, the avoidance of inadequate or unnecessary treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11295287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human papillomavirus in women infected with human immunodeficiency virus: association with viral load and lymphocyte count.","authors":"Ana Cléa Cutrim Diniz de Morais, Alice de Sá Ferreira, Carla Déa Trindade Barbosa, Maria Fernanda Bezerra Lima, Karina Donato Fook, Mônika Machado de Carvalho, Alessandra Costa de Sales Muniz, Deborah Rocha de Araújo, Pablo de Matos Monteiro, Maria José Abigail Mendes Araújo, Sally Cristina Moutinho Monteiro, Fernanda Ferreira Lopes","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466036","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Women living with human immunodeficiency virus are at an increased risk of developing cancers related to human papillomavirus (HPV). Thus, it is important to combine clinical assessments, serological screening, and HPV data for planning prevention policies. This study aimed to identify HPV and its specific types in the cervical, anal, and oral mucosa of HIV-seropositive women, associating it with viral load and lymphocyte count. Sociodemographic characteristics, health data (CD4+ and CD8+ T cell counts and viral load), and biological samples (cervical, anal, and oral) were collected from 86 HIV-positive women undergoing antiretroviral therapy. Data were classified according to the presence or absence of HPV-DNA, HPV-DNA presence at one or more anatomic sites, and level of oncogenic risk, considering low- and high-risk oncogenic HPV-DNA groups. The presence of HPV in the cervicovaginal site was 65.9%, 63.8% in anal canal, and 4.2% in oral mucosa. A viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL was associated with the presence of HPV-DNA. There was an association between viral load and the low-risk HPV or high-risk HPV groups. We found a high prevalence of HPV infection in HIV-seropositive women, particularly in the cervical and anal mucosa, with viral load ≥75 HIV copies/mL being associated with HPV-DNA presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Misleading subcutaneous mycosis: a case report of subsequent clinical mycetoma-like and histological chromoblastomycosis-like lesions.","authors":"João Paulo Turri Brufatto, Laís Pontes, Angélica Zaninelli Schreiber, Maria Leticia Cintra, Cintia Avila Souza, Luciana Vilela Gomide, Helena Maciel Mendonça Tolentino Guerra, Rafael Fantelli Stelini, Isabela Vilela Brum, Andrea Fernandes Eloy da Costa França, Renata Ferreira Magalhães, Paulo Eduardo Neves Ferreira Velho","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466034","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyalohyphomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis are groups of mycoses caused by several agents and show different clinical manifestations. We report a case of an immunocompromised patient who presented rare manifestations of opportunistic mycoses: mycetoma-like hyalohyphomycosis on his right foot caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, followed by cutaneous phaeohyphomycosis on his right forearm caused by Exophiala oligosperma. Further to the rarity of this case, the patient's lesion on the foot shows that the clinical aspects of mycetomas could falsely appear in other fungal infections similar to hyalohyphomycosis. We also show that the muriform cells that were seen in the direct and anatomopathological examination of the skin are not pathognomonic of chromoblastomycosis, as observed in the lesion of the patient's forearm.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11165563/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic diversity in the partial sequence of the HIV-1 gag gene among people living with multidrug-resistant HIV-1 infection.","authors":"Cecília Salete Alencar, Ester Cerdeira Sabino, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz, Alfredo Mendrone-Junior, Anna Shoko Nishiya","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466035","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466035","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The group-specific antigen (gag) plays a crucial role in the assembly, release, and maturation of HIV. This study aimed to analyze the partial sequence of the HIV gag gene to classify HIV subtypes, identify recombination sites, and detect protease inhibitor (PI) resistance-associated mutations (RAMs). The cohort included 100 people living with HIV (PLH) who had experienced antiretroviral treatment failure with reverse transcriptase/protease inhibitors. Proviral HIV-DNA was successfully sequenced in 96 out of 100 samples for gag regions, specifically matrix (p17) and capsid (p24). Moreover, from these 96 sequences, 82 (85.42%) were classified as subtype B, six (6.25%) as subtype F1, one (1.04%) as subtype C, and seven (7.29%) exhibited a mosaic pattern between subtypes B and F1 (B/F1), with breakpoints at p24 protein. Insertions and deletions of amino acid at p17 were observed in 51 samples (53.13%). The prevalence of PI RAM in the partial gag gene was observed in 78 out of 96 PLH (81.25%). Among these cases, the most common mutations were R76K (53.13%), Y79F (31.25%), and H219Q (14.58%) at non-cleavage sites, as well as V128I (10.42%) and Y132F (11.46%) at cleavage sites. While B/F1 recombination was identified in the p24, the p17 coding region showed higher diversity, where insertions, deletions, and PI RAM, were observed at high prevalence. In PLH with virological failure, the analysis of the partial gag gene could contribute to more accurate predictions in genotypic resistance to PIs. This can aid guide more effective HIV treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e35"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164046/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on tuberculosis notifications.","authors":"Talita Antunes Antoniolli Pontes, Fernando Fernandez-Llimos, Astrid Wiens","doi":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466037","DOIUrl":"10.1590/S1678-9946202466037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted the control of diseases by overwhelming healthcare systems, and tuberculosis (TB) notifications may have been affected. This study aimed to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on TB notifications in the Sao Paulo State. This is a retrospective study examining TB notifications extracted from the TBweb database (Jan 2015 to Dec 2022). We conducted an interrupted time series (ITS) analysis of TB notifications using the declaration of the COVID-19 pandemic as the interrupting event (Bayesian causal impact analysis). A total of 177,103 notifications of TB incident cases were analyzed, revealing a significant decrease in 2020 (13%) and in 2021 (9%), which lost significance in 2022. However, changes were not associated with population density or the area of the regions. Future analyses of the effects of TB underdiagnosis might help describe the impact of underreporting on future TB incidence and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":54466,"journal":{"name":"Revista Do Instituto De Medicina Tropical De Sao Paulo","volume":"66 ","pages":"e37"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11164045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141312326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}