Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics最新文献_第8页

Deciphering the algebraic CPT theorem 解译代数CPT定理

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.004

Noel Swanson

{"title":"Deciphering the algebraic CPT theorem","authors":"Noel Swanson","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>The CPT theorem states that any causal, Lorentz-invariant, thermodynamically well-behaved quantum field theory must also be invariant under a reflection symmetry that reverses the direction of time (T), flips spatial parity (P), and conjugates charge (C). Although its physical basis remains obscure, CPT symmetry appears to be necessary in order to unify </span>quantum mechanics with relativity. This paper attempts to decipher the physical reasoning behind proofs of the CPT theorem in algebraic quantum field theory. Ultimately, CPT symmetry is linked to a reversal of the </span><span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mtext>*</mtext></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>-algebraic Lie product that encodes the generating relationship between observables and symmetries. In any physically reasonable relativistic quantum field theory, it is always possible to systematically flip this generating relationship while preserving the dynamics, spectra, and localization properties of physical systems. Rather than the product of three separate reflections, CPT symmetry is revealed to be a single global reflection of the theory's state space.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54442,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 106-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90569969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Imprints of the underlying structure of physical theories 物理理论基础结构的印记

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.005

Jorge Manero

{"title":"Imprints of the underlying structure of physical theories","authors":"Jorge Manero","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>In the context of scientific realism, this paper intends to provide a formal and accurate description of the structural-based ontology posited by classical mechanics, </span>quantum mechanics<span> and special relativity<span>, which is preserved across the empirical domains of these theories and explain their successful predictions. Along the lines of ontic structural realism, such a description is undertaken by a particular ontological commitment: the belief in the existence of a freestanding actual structure, approximately represented by a subgroup of the Inhomogeneous Symplectic Group (up to group homomorphisms), and their corresponding state-space representations. Accordingly, the hierarchy and the complexity of this group-theoretical structure is represented by appropriate philosophical tools, namely, by the language of partial structures. Upon this approach, the lack of knowledge of some relations that hold at the boundary between mathematics and physics, and the presence of surplus structure within the structural edifice are explored and represented. The conclusive issue appeals to an interesting example of a surplus but fruitful structure, where superposition of states with different mass are suggested to be actual relativistic remnants within non-relativistic quantum mechanics, as opposed to the standard interpretation in which they are empirically meaningless.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":54442,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 71-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88501756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Renormalization scrutinized 重正化审查

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.04.006

Sébastien Rivat

引用次数: 14

Validity of the Einstein hole argument 爱因斯坦空穴论证的有效性

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.04.008

Oliver Davis Johns

引用次数: 2

Newton's numerator in 1685: A year of gestation 1685年牛顿分子:孕育的一年

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.08.003

George E. Smith

{"title":"Newton's numerator in 1685: A year of gestation","authors":"George E. Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In his “‘From the Phenomena of Motions to the Forces of Nature’: Hypothesis or Deduction?” of 1990 Howard Stein reinvigorated a centuries-old dispute over whether Newton had derived his law of gravity from phenomena. More specifically, Stein – like such notables before him as Euler – challenged whether any phenomenon involving gravity served as a basis for Newton inferring that his third law of motion applies to gravity, and with it for inferring that the mass of the attracting body belongs in the numerator of the law. Stein ends up conjecturing that Newton's conception of forces of nature as forces of interaction “was actually developed by Newton <strong><em>at the same time</em></strong> that he was discovering the law of gravitation.” This paper assesses this conjecture by examining the manuscripts – including deletions and insertions – that we have from 1685, the year during which the theory of gravity emerged and the <em>Principia</em> took shape. The conclusion is not merely that the manuscript evidence supports Stein's conjecture, but more significantly that the driving consideration behind both the Newtonian conception of forces of nature as forces of interaction and the inclusion of the mass of the attracting body in the numerator of the law was that the mass of the attracted body, as inferred from phenomena, must be included in the numerator – that is, the phenomena establishing that gravitational forces, unlike any other kind of forces, somehow “proportion themselves” to the individual bodies on which they act.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54442,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 163-177"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.08.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76546997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Dialogue concerning magnetic forces 关于磁力的对话

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.07.002

Georg Lentze

引用次数: 1

Timelike entanglement for delayed-choice entanglement swapping 延迟选择纠缠交换的类时间纠缠

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.001

David Glick

引用次数: 5

Frames and stresses in Einstein's quest for a generalized theory of relativity 爱因斯坦寻求广义相对论的框架和重点

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.06.002

Olivier Darrigol

引用次数: 1

How electrons spin 电子如何自旋

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2019.04.007

Charles T. Sebens

引用次数: 18

General relativity as a hybrid theory: The genesis of Einstein's work on the problem of motion 作为混合理论的广义相对论:爱因斯坦在运动问题上工作的起源

Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics Pub Date : 2019-08-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.09.006

Dennis Lehmkuhl

{"title":"General relativity as a hybrid theory: The genesis of Einstein's work on the problem of motion","authors":"Dennis Lehmkuhl","doi":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper I describe the genesis of Einstein's early work on the problem of motion in general relativity (GR): the question of whether the motion of matter subject to gravity can be derived directly from the Einstein field equations. In addressing this question, Einstein himself always preferred the vacuum approach to the problem: the attempt to derive geodesic motion of matter from the vacuum Einstein equations. The paper first investigates why Einstein was so skeptical of the energy-momentum tensor and its role in GR. Drawing on hitherto unknown correspondence between Einstein and George Yuri Rainich, I then show step by step how his work on the vacuum approach came about, and how his quest for a unified field theory informed his interpretation of GR. I show that Einstein saw GR as a hybrid theory from very early on: fundamental and correct as far as gravity was concerned but phenomenological and effective in how it accounted for matter. As a result, Einstein saw energy-momentum tensors <em>and</em> singularities in GR as placeholders for a theory of matter not yet delivered. The reason he preferred singularities was that he hoped that their mathematical treatment would give a hint as to the sought after theory of matter, a theory that would do justice to quantum features of matter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54442,"journal":{"name":"Studies in History and Philosophy of Modern Physics","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 176-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.shpsb.2017.09.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77605423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16