{"title":"Factor Analysis of Disaster and Evacuation Awareness in Japan: Understanding Social Vulnerabilities through Multiple Statistical Approaches.","authors":"Akemi Hara, Hirotomo Miyatake, Akihiko Ozaki, Michio Murakami, Yoshitake Takebayashi, Daisuke Hori, Naomi Komori, Yudai Kaneda, Hiroaki Saito, Masaharu Tsubokura, Takahiro Tabuchi","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined how social vulnerability factors-such as caregiving, economic instability, and nonregular employment-affect disaster preparedness and awareness, with a focus on nonlinear associations with evacuation and disaster awareness.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis of a nationally representative survey.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data came from the 2023 Japan COVID-19 and Society Internet Survey (JACSIS), including 28,481 participants. Factor analysis identified two preparedness domains: evacuation awareness and disaster preparedness awareness. Generalized linear models (GLM) assessed associations between awareness scores and sociodemographic and health factors. Sensitivity analysis used a random forest model, and logistic regression examined predictors of low awareness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two factors explained 76% of variance in preparedness behaviors. GLM showed that older age (Estimate = 10.99, <i>P</i> < .001), larger household size (Estimate = 4.34, <i>P</i> < .001), high income (Estimate = 0.08, <i>P</i> < .001), and community attachment (Estimate = 0.09, <i>P</i> < .001) were positively related to evacuation awareness, while nonregular employment (Estimate = -0.03, <i>P</i> = .01) and public assistance (Estimate = -0.05, <i>P</i> < .001) were negatively associated. Logistic regression confirmed that reliance on public assistance (OR = 1.54, 95% CI [1.26, 1.87]) and nonregular employment increased odds of low preparedness.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Social vulnerability factors are linked to lower disaster awareness, identifying a subgroup at higher risk. Preparedness policies should account for demographic and economic disparities, emphasizing tailored, community-based strategies to improve resilience among vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e279"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Private Provider and Pharmacist Engagement in Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response: A Cross-Sectional Study in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.","authors":"Maya Bian, Bram Piot, Hoa Nguyen, Sochea Phok, Xaypaseut Syhavong, Mahesh Paudel","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.61","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to investigate the private health service delivery sector's engagement in public health emergency preparedness and response in Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between November 2022 and March 2023, private health care providers from registered clinics and hospitals (<i>n =</i> 574) and pharmacies (<i>n =</i> 1008) were surveyed on their participation and willingness to engage in specific public health emergency preparedness and response activities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Vietnam, 40% of respondents reported being engaged in emergency response between 2020 and 2022, compared to 33% in Cambodia and 25% in Laos. Provider and pharmacist participation in the COVID-19 response was largely through their own initiative and included on-the-job COVID-19 trainings, providing health information to patients, and assisting with testing and contact tracing. Respondents expressed high levels of willingness to participate in a broad range of proposed activities, particularly those from clinics or hospitals and those with previous experience.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While respondent willingness for involvement in preparedness and response is high, only a small proportion of respondents had been engaged by health authorities, revealing missed opportunities for fully leveraging private health care providers. Future policy and programmatic efforts to strengthen health security in view of more resilient mixed health systems should proactively engage private sector actors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e277"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Barriers to Public Health Trust-Building Using Social Media: A Qualitative Analysis.","authors":"Lia Pak, Joie D Acosta, Laura J Faherty","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To combat declining trust in public health and effectively communicate during public health emergencies, it is critical for the public health workforce to engage with their communities through social media. Little is known about factors that influence the degree to which public health practitioners use social media for information sharing and bidirectional communication. This study aimed to examine perspectives on barriers to incorporating social media use into efforts to rebuild trust in public health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>31 semistructured interviews were conducted with public health practitioners and subject matter experts. Common themes and barriers to using social media were identified using rapid thematic analysis and analyzed by levels of the socioecological framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Barriers to public health practitioner social media use included lack of training, time, and fear (individual-level); limited online and offline relationships (interpersonal); lack of resources and supportive policies (organizational); and politicization of public health (societal).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identifies modifiable factors that could be intervened upon to strengthen the public health workforce's social media communication and highlights existing efforts to address barriers. Sustained investment is required to ensure that public health communicators are maximally supported to effectively use social media for trust-building and communication during public health emergencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thom Maciulewicz, Ziad Kazzi, Irene Navis, Kathleen Blomquist, Theodore J Cieslak, Doneen J West, Christopher Newton, Anna Lin, Gregory Nelsen, Frank G Walter
{"title":"Adult Medical Countermeasures: Antidotes and Cytokines for Radiological and Nuclear Incidents and Terrorism.","authors":"Thom Maciulewicz, Ziad Kazzi, Irene Navis, Kathleen Blomquist, Theodore J Cieslak, Doneen J West, Christopher Newton, Anna Lin, Gregory Nelsen, Frank G Walter","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The war in Ukraine raises concerns for potential hazards of radiological incidents and their impact on humans, especially families. Preparedness and response to radiological and nuclear incidents necessitates familiarity with pharmaceutical countermeasures, including antidotes and cytokines. Searches found no published study comparing adult indications and dosing among standard references. This study addresses this gap by collecting, tabulating, and disseminating information to health care professionals. Expert consensus chose the following references to compare adult indications and dosing of medical countermeasures for radiation exposure and internal contamination with radioactive materials: <i>Advanced Hazmat Life Support (AHLS) for Radiological Incidents & Terrorism</i>, <i>DailyMed</i>, <i>Internal Contamination Clinical Reference</i>, <i>Medical Aspects of Radiation Incidents</i>, <i>Medical Management of Radiological Casualties</i>, <i>Micromedex</i>, <i>National Stockpiles for Radiological and Nuclear Emergencies: Policy Advice</i>, <i>POISINDEX</i>, and <i>Radiation Emergency Medical Management (REMM).</i> This is the first study comparing adult indications and dosing for medical countermeasures among common references for radiological and nuclear incidents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145151900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Trauma Level of Midwifery Students After the Catastrophe of the Century Turkey Earthquake: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study - CORRIGENDUM.","authors":"Sakine Yılmaz, Yadigar Ordu, Demet Aktaş","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10215","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chuanchuan Liu, Ling-Hu Cai, Yi-Fei Shen, Zhuo Li, Zhi-Jian He, Xiang-Yu Chen, Liang Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yao Xiao, Feng Zeng, Minghua Liu
{"title":"Deep Learning-based Gait Recognition and Evaluation of the Wounded.","authors":"Chuanchuan Liu, Ling-Hu Cai, Yi-Fei Shen, Zhuo Li, Zhi-Jian He, Xiang-Yu Chen, Liang Zhang, Yi Zhang, Yao Xiao, Feng Zeng, Minghua Liu","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10179","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Remote injury assessment during natural disasters poses major challenges for healthcare providers due to the inaccessibility of disaster sites. This study aimed to explore the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI) techniques for rapid assessment of traumatic injuries based on gait analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an AI-based investigation using a dataset of 4500 gait images across 3 species: humans, dogs, and rabbits. Each image was categorized as either normal or limping. A deep learning model, YOLOv5-a state-of-the-art object detection algorithm-was trained to identify and classify limping gait patterns from normal ones. Model performance was evaluated through repeated experiments and statistical validation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The YOLOv5 model demonstrated high accuracy in distinguishing between normal and limp gaits across species. Quantitative performance metrics confirmed the model's reliability, and qualitative case studies highlighted its potential application in remote, fast traumatic assessment scenarios.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of AI, particularly deep convolutional neural networks like YOLOv5, shows promise in enabling fast, remote traumatic injury assessment during disaster response. This approach could assist healthcare professionals in identifying injury risks when physical access to patients is restricted, thereby improving triage efficiency and early intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of Disaster Nursing Education Programs: A Meta-Analysis Focused on Knowledge, Attitude, and Skill Domains.","authors":"Hwa Sun Kim","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2025.10209","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Disaster preparedness is a critical component of nursing education as nurses are expected to respond effectively to public health emergencies. Various disaster nursing education programs have been developed globally, but their effectiveness across cognitive, affective, and psychomotor domains remains unclear. This meta-analysis evaluated the overall impact of these programs across learning domains.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven experimental or quasi-experimental studies involving nursing students and nurses were included. The pooled effect size was calculated using Hedges' g. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and the I<sup>2</sup> statistic. Subgroup analyses were conducted by learning domain. Publication bias was assessed via a funnel plot.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall effect size was large (Hedges' g = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.491-2.399, <i>P</i> < .001). Heterogeneity was high (Q = 377.91, <i>P</i> < .001, I<sup>2</sup> = 97.4%). The affective domain showed the strongest effect (g = 2.96), followed by psychomotor (g = 1.98) and cognitive (g = 0.66). The funnel plot showed minimal publication bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Disaster nursing education programs significantly improve learning outcomes across domains, especially in attitudes and practical skills. These findings support the need for integrated curricula in nursing education.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lenka Horakova, Vaclav Ort, Ladislav Bis, Simon Walzel, Karel Roubik
{"title":"From Rapid Manufacturing to Clinical Use: A Retrospective Observational Study of an Emergency Ventilator During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Lenka Horakova, Vaclav Ort, Ladislav Bis, Simon Walzel, Karel Roubik","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10194","DOIUrl":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic spurred efforts to develop emergency ventilators, though few progressed beyond laboratory testing. This study evaluates CoroVent, a rapidly manufactured ventilator, during real-life deployment in critically ill COVID-19 patients amid ventilator shortages.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study included patients ventilated with emergency ventilator CoroVent. This device uses a novel and unique way of generating inspiratory flow and gas mixing using fast ON/OFF valves for air and oxygen, producing pneumatic pulses that are then smoothed into continuous flow. Clinical data were collected from 3 hospitals between October 2020 and March 2021, selected from 27 contacted, of which 23 responded and 4 reported clinical use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight male patients (mean age 67 years, BMI 37.2 kg·m<sup>-2</sup>) with COVID-19 or suspected infection were ventilated with CoroVent for 31.3 (10.0-58.5) hours. The mean FiO<sub>2</sub> was 71.4%, PEEP 10.6 cmH<sub>2</sub>O, and Vt 8.9 mL·kg<sup>-1</sup> predicted body weight. CoroVent was used as an initial or replacement ventilator during device shortages. No major technical failures occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This is the first report of real-life clinical use of a rapidly manufactured emergency ventilator during the COVID-19 pandemic. The results confirm that such devices, if well-designed, can provide effective respiratory support when conventional ventilators are unavailable.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jamie Ranse, Lesley Gray, Luc Mortelmans, Nazneen Sultana, Nebil Achour, Dennis G Barten, Eric Carlström, Gregory Ciottone, Harald De Cauwer, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Fredrik Granholm, Attila J Hertelendy, Kevin Kupietz, Amila Ratnayake, Yohan Robinson, Francis Somville, Derrick Tin, Amir Khorram-Manesh
{"title":"Spontaneous and Unplanned Mass Gathering Events: A Scoping Review of Health Considerations for Riots, Civil Unrest, and Protest.","authors":"Jamie Ranse, Lesley Gray, Luc Mortelmans, Nazneen Sultana, Nebil Achour, Dennis G Barten, Eric Carlström, Gregory Ciottone, Harald De Cauwer, Krzysztof Goniewicz, Fredrik Granholm, Attila J Hertelendy, Kevin Kupietz, Amila Ratnayake, Yohan Robinson, Francis Somville, Derrick Tin, Amir Khorram-Manesh","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10189","DOIUrl":"10.1017/dmp.2025.10189","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the health planning, health provision, and health lessons learned from unplanned or spontaneous mass gathering events.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research used a scoping review design. Data was collected from 4 databases, using search terms relating to \"mass gathering events,\" \"spontaneous events,\" and \"health services.\" Data was extracted relating to the event characteristics, health usage, and patient outcomes. Extracted data were deductively coded against the surge capacity domains of staff, stuff/supplies, space, and systems.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten papers were included in this review. Most spontaneous mass gathering events were related to riots, civil unrest, or unplanned large parties, which required a response from the health care system. Health staff were predominantly from an ambulance, pre-hospital, or emergency medical services. Additional personal protective equipment, such as ballistic equipment and respiratory protection, was required.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The planning for a health care response to a spontaneous mass gathering event requires a risk-based approach. Such an approach should be applied in local disaster and mass casualty plans as a hazard-specific response. Preparation and response should include interagency collaboration. Enhancing the reporting of spontaneous mass gathering events will provide insights for future planning and response.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e269"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arianna Hanchey, Amy Helene Schnall, Colin Therriault, Al Bronstein, Doug Borys, Alexandra Funk, Henry A Spiller, Diane P Calello, Jeanna M Marraffa, Maria Mercurio-Zappala, Alfred Aleguas, Arthur Chang
{"title":"Characterizing Exposures to Methanol-based Hand Sanitizers During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Use of the National Poison Data System (NPDS) to Conduct Enhanced Surveillance During Response.","authors":"Arianna Hanchey, Amy Helene Schnall, Colin Therriault, Al Bronstein, Doug Borys, Alexandra Funk, Henry A Spiller, Diane P Calello, Jeanna M Marraffa, Maria Mercurio-Zappala, Alfred Aleguas, Arthur Chang","doi":"10.1017/dmp.2024.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2024.346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) released an official health advisory after receiving reports of patients in New Mexico and Arizona who experienced serious adverse health effects after swallowing methanol-based hand sanitizer (MBHS). CDC and America's Poison Centers conducted enhanced surveillance using the National Poison Data System (NPDS) for all calls to poison centers (PCs) that reported exposure to MBHS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We queried NPDS for human exposure cases to MBHS between June 22, 2020 and September 14, 2020. We conducted descriptive statistics to analyze by daily case volume, age group, sex, caller site, management site, exposure route, medical outcome, reason for exposure, clinical effects, and treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-nine states, Washington, DC, and the US Virgin Islands reported at least 1 exposure, with a total of 2164 cases. Adults aged 20-59 represented the largest proportion of cases (44.8%). Most calls (94.2%) were from a non-health care facility and were managed on site (82.4%). The exposure route was primarily dermal (88.8%) followed by ingestion (12.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quick response and action for exposures to MBHS containing products is essential to ensure public health safety. PCs remain a valuable resource for providing guidance and advice for toxic exposures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54390,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness","volume":"19 ","pages":"e267"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145115034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}