Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie最新文献

{"title":"Optimal application of dextranase in a Louisiana sugarcane factory to mitigate severe processing problems after a freeze","authors":"D. Stewart, B. Montes, G. Eggleston, A. Triplett, K. Gravois, Stephania Imbachi-Ordoñez, Lawrence Messina","doi":"10.36961/si30365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30365","url":null,"abstract":"A Louisiana (LA) state-wide severe freeze occurred from 23–26 December 2022, which was followed by warm weather and occasional fog causing severe deterioration of all sugarcane varieties in the fields. Dextranase was applied to break down dextran (glucose polysaccharide) into smaller, more manageable molecules, which can improve processing. The efficiency of dextranase application depends on the pH, dry solids content rds (Brix), temperature, retention time, and agitation, type, activity and dosage of the applied dextranase as well as the enzyme/substrate ratio. Dextranase applications to juice are more efficient and economical than adding to syrup because the high temperature and dry solids content of syrups impede its action. Heating juice to 50 °C and pre-liming to pH 5.9 is optimal for dextranase application, but after 50 °C the activity falls off quickly. One LA factory built a new juice liming system that was quickly modified for optimal dextranase application after the freeze. Optimum conditions for concentrated dextranase (92700 DU/mL) applied were: rds <25%, temperature 50 °C, juice pH = 5.90, 1:10 working solution of concentrated dextranase up to 5 mg/L dosage; retention time = 10 min; 0.624 s–1 agitation. These conditions were successful with >80% breakdown of Haze dextran and minimized processing problems associated with the freeze. Retention time was not as important as temperature and the pH of the juice. The use of dextranase allowed this factory to (i) process all the field sugarcane from the growers even when sucrose concentrations were very low (down to ~56% juice purities on the last day of cane delivery), (ii) continue to crystallize sugar at acceptable crystallization rates, (iii) keep crystal elongation factors to only 2.3 and largely prevent needle formation, and (iv) allow the production of raw sugar with no dextran penalties from the refinery.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83089028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing cane-quality management in the South African smallholder-farmer sector through participatory on-farm demonstration and knowledge exchange","authors":"P.D.R. van Heerden, T. Ramusandiwa, B. Chonco, W.L. Shelembe, S.N. Hlela, W. Gillespie, N. Mkhabela, M. Buthelezi, R.T. Masondo","doi":"10.36961/si30369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30369","url":null,"abstract":"Cane-quality management involving chemical ripening is an important component of profitable sugarcane production by large-scale commercial farmers in South Africa. For smallholder farmers (SHFs), however, sugarcane field size and adjacent alternative land-uses render conventional aerial crop-spraying methods unsuitable. The recent availability of spraying drones has created opportunities for chemical ripening to be introduced to the smallholder farmer sector. A network of demonstration trials based on strong partnerships of researchers, extension specialists and smallholder farmers, and participation by various industry stakeholders was established in 11 smallholder farmer regions. Knowledge exchange in each region involved an initial stakeholder engagement workshop, a series of practical field days during the execution of the trial, and post-trial information sharing events. The initial workshops were aimed at creating project awareness, defining the relative advantage that ripening with drones could deliver, identifying negative perceptions and potential barriers that might hinder adoption, and reaching consensus on trial methodology. Field days were focused on demonstrating the processes of maturity assessment to establish the need for chemical ripening and applying a ripener with a drone to parts of the fields. At the same time, control portions were left untreated, and assessing the efficacy of ripening benefits and harvest readiness. These demonstrations illustrated the judicious use of agrochemicals by only spraying fields suited to ripening. In-field estimates of cane yield and cane quality in the ripened and control treatments shortly before harvest, and in some cases, field production data from the sugar factories, revealed a range of improvements in recoverable crystal (ERC) due to ripening that was influenced by location and sugarcane cultivar. Although the SHFs expressed genuine interest in chemically ripening their crops with spraying drones, industry challenges will need to be addressed prior to wider adoption.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79741958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design of an automated electro-mechanical shredder-grid-door positioner for online setting adjustments","authors":"F. Plaza, G. Kent, N. McKenzie, K. Ryan, David Pape, Adam Lucke, D. Nelson, Darren Horne","doi":"10.36961/si30364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30364","url":null,"abstract":"The design of an automated electro-mechanical shredder-grid-door positioner and its components, programming, installation and commissioning are presented in this paper. The positioner can be used to vary the shredder grid setting, and so preparation to assist processing soft cane varieties through the milling train. A second purpose is to work with shredder drives (such as steam turbines) of limited power to avoid stalling the drive, which can result in factory stops. The driver for this design has been concerns in recent years that some cane varieties in the development pipeline have a fibre quality classified as soft, with some soft enough to cause processing problems in the factory. The main issues have been feeding of the cane through the milling train and high bagasse moisture, causing subsequent combustion issues and low steam pressure at the boiler station. These cane varieties are usually designated as ‘soft canes’, and their presence has been noted as far back as 60 years ago. Trials were carried out at Isis Central Mill to understand and improve the processing of existing soft cane varieties. The automated shredder-grid-door positioner was installed during October of the 2021 crushing season so that full factory trials could be carried out, including automated grid positioning. The positioner was made up of a master/slave configuration with two 5 t power jacks driven by servo gear motors controlled by two inverters.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89918562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of sugar beet texture during processing","authors":"S. Frenzel, Jörg Tuchert, Timo Scheuer, J. Jensen, Wolfgang Klosterhalfen, C. Hoffmann","doi":"10.36961/si30366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30366","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, sugar factories have experienced problems in slicing, extraction and pulp pressing, the cause of which was suspected to be a change in the texture of the sugar beet. In order to analyse the influence of sugar beet texture, processing trials were carried out on a laboratory scale. For this purpose, three sugar beet cultivars with different marc content and corresponding differences in texture were grown in 2020. In 2021, two of the cultivars were included, which were then exposed to either frost (–15 °C, 7 days) or heat (30 °C, 7 days). Consistently, very clear differences between cultivars in processing were evident regardless of treatment. Although there was little difference in cossette quality or pressing, the cultivar with the higher marc content had larger cossette bed and thus better flowability (percolation flow rate) than the cultivar with low marc content in the extraction. Cossettes from frozen beet had much lower percolation flow rate due to destruction of the cell structures but were easier to press than without prior freezing. Moderate heat had no effect on processing. Thus, beet with a higher marc content and thus higher root strength have advantages for processing. It is expected that there is an optimum for root strength. Further trials will investigate how severe heat stress affects the root strength and processability of beet.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75012054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dew and spray volume on the efficacy of control of asulam on fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum)","authors":"Alex G. Rodriguez, D. Odero, Raphael M. Negrisoli","doi":"10.36961/si30202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30202","url":null,"abstract":"Asulam controls fall panicum (Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx.), the most troublesome annual grass weed in Florida sugarcane. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dew on asulam efficacy on fall panicum control when applied using different spray volumes. Fall panicum 30 cm tall with 0, 50, and 100% dew on leaves equivalent to no dew, moderate dew, and heavy dew, respectively, were treated with asulam at 3,700 g ha–1 using spray volumes of 94, 140, 187, and 281 L ha–1. Fall panicum control was rated 28 days after treatment, and aboveground biomass was harvested immediately. The presence or absence of dew and spray volume did not significantly influence asulam efficacy on fall panicum control and aboveground biomass accumulation. Fall panicum was controlled from 89% to 94% at the different dew levels and spray volumes. Heavy dew did not diminish the performance of asulam. The presence of dew on fall panicum foliage probably hydrated the cuticle and aided water-soluble asulam to remain in solution for a longer period, thereby enhancing uptake. The water-holding capacity of fall panicum foliage with the heavy dew and spray volumes was probably not exceeded, resulting in no runoff and no subsequent reduction of control. These results indicate that dew deposition under Florida conditions has no effect on asulam efficacy on fall panicum 30 cm tall or less when applied at commonly used spray volumes of 140 and 187 L ha–1.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77214680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterisation of physical properties of prepared cane from soft-cane varieties","authors":"F. Plaza, G. Kent, N. McKenzie, Darcy Patrick, Ehsan Arzaghi, Vivek Khandagave, K. Ryan, R. Parfitt","doi":"10.36961/si30201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30201","url":null,"abstract":"Concerns have been raised that many sugarcane varieties in the development pipeline, particularly in the Central and Southern regions of Australia, have fiber quality classified as soft, with some soft enough to cause processing problems in the factory. The main issues have been feeding off the cane through the milling train and high bagasse moisture contents, causing subsequent combustion issues and low steam pressure at the boiler station. These cane varieties are usually designated as ‘soft-canes’, and their presence had been noted for at least 60 years. An attractive trait is their relatively high sugar yield per hectare. Some other general characteristics have been reported as often (but not always) having relatively low fiber content and being easier to prepare by the shredder, resulting in a larger number of smaller sized particles in the prepared cane. During the development of new cane varieties, Sugar Research Australia carries out tests for ‘fiber quality’. Experiments were carried out at Isis Central Mill to understand and improve the processing of existing soft-cane varieties. During the 2019 crushing season, a pilot-scale shredder was used to simulate the effect of shredder settings (speed and grid setting) that are known to affect preparation levels. Four existing soft-cane varieties (SRA1A, SRA4A, SRA11A and QN04-1643) were tested, along with Q208A that provided a reference as a middle-of-the-range variety (perceived to be neither a soft nor hard cane). The prepared cane produced was tested for fiber quality at the SRA fiber quality laboratory in Bundaberg. As measured at the factory, the preparation level and two physical properties (compression and permeability) were identified as important for the milling process. All the cane varieties responded similarly to speed and grid setting, with the soft-canes being part of a continuum, not a separate subset. The overall conclusion was that adjusting shredder speed and grid setting can control preparation and potentially address feeding problems at the milling train through improved control strategies.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79581296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falling-film evaporators – role in steam saving (a perspective of Almoiz Industries, Pakistan)","authors":"K. Rashid, Salman Shehryar, M. Arif","doi":"10.36961/si30200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30200","url":null,"abstract":"The energy efficiency of a sugar mill depends to a large extent on the performance of the evaporators. Falling-film evaporators (FFEs) have the required characteristics to work on a narrow ΔT to improve the steam economy. Almoiz Industries set up a state-of-the-art project in Pakistan having a low steam and power consumption. \u0000A complete set of seven FFEs was installed. Operational problems such as scaling are discussed. All vapors from the 1st effect to the 5th, including condensate, are used to heat juice and crystallize sugar to reduce steam consumption. A steam consumption of 35 kg/100 kg of cane and 33 kW/t of cane electrical consumption is achieved at the maximum rate of cane crushing. Operational data over the last campaigns are given. Saved bagasse can be used for power export and other allied businesses.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87661346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cake and precoat filtration – Evaluating influences of increased backwash efficiency on cloth lifetime","authors":"S. Schöpf","doi":"10.36961/si30199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si30199","url":null,"abstract":"In beet juice purification the greatest challenge is to evade a frequent blockage of the filter cloth during carbonation slurry filtration. Lenzing Filtration started an investigation on backwash efficiency of tubular pressure candle filters and how this affects the lifetime of filter cloth in carbonation slurry filtration. The patent pending CakeFil filter candle of Lenzing Filtration is made from a continuous casted structure, closed at the lower end with an on-welded plug and at the upper end with a connector to the filtrate chamber. \u0000After 85 backwashes under laboratory conditions the CakeFil technology had approx. 77% less residues compared to two different standard candle filters.\u0000Pilot-scale testing in a German sugar factory with carbonation slurry 1 confirmed the outstanding lab performance as the filter cloth of LENZING CakeFil endured the entire campaign of 71 days without any filter cloth change, whereas the standard candle filter clothes had to be changed four times and external washing had to be performed three times during the same period. Also the filtrate-quality analysis showed that the results were identical compared to existing candle filters quality.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79449815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Row-spacing and cultivar effects on sugarcane growth and yields in Florida histosols","authors":"H. Sandhu, O. Coto","doi":"10.36961/si29965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si29965","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane (Saccharum spp. hybrids) is a major row crop in Florida. The effect of row-spacing on total row length per hectare can significantly effect the cost of major farm operations, including planting, harvesting and fertilizer application. In Florida, sugarcane is commonly planted at 1.5 m row-spacing. There is little information available on the effect of relatively narrow or wide spacing on the growth and yield of sugarcane, especially in new high-biomass cultivars. To determine sugarcane growth response to different row-spacing, a field trial was conducted in organic soil (Histosols) with four different row-spacings (1.2, 1.5, 1.8 m and a double row on a 1.5 m bed) and three sugarcane cultivars (CP 96-1252, CP 00-1101 and CP 01-1372). Data showed differential row-spacing effects on plant cane versus the first ratoon. In plant cane, depending on the cultivar, double row and 1.2 m spacing produced 17–46% and 23–42% greater sugar yield per hectare (TSH) than the current 1.5 m spacing, respectively. Overall, the combined average TSH of plant cane and the first ratoon in double and 1.2 m spacing was 20% and 26% greater than 1.5 m spacing. However, the yields in 1.5 m and 1.8 m row-spacing were similar. There was no significant effect in the first ratoon. There was no row-spacing effect on sucrose concentration. A similar response of cultivars to the tested row-spacings suggests that selecting cultivars for different row-spacings may not potentially show any yield improvements. Compared to the current 1.5 m spacing, narrow-spacing (1.2 m and double row) may potentially increase yields and wide (1.8 m) spacing reduce the production cost but further research is needed to understand the economic feasibility of different row configurations.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84041366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences with pre-evaporators at Racecourse Mill","authors":"B. Lavarack, Blake Ripper, Robert Iturbe","doi":"10.36961/si29960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.36961/si29960","url":null,"abstract":"In the 2008 season, a new pre-evaporator vessel, called PE1A, was installed at the Racecourse Mill as a precursor to the introduction of cogeneration at the factory. PE1A and the existing pre-evaporator, called PE-north, were designed as steam-efficiency measures to provide vapour to the evaporating crystallizers, juice heaters, co-located sugar refinery and, potentially, to other value-adding operations. Both pre-evaporator vessels are Robert type evaporators, with the PE-north vessel an older standard design and the PE1A vessel incorporating new design features. PE1A is configured to take letdown steam from the cogeneration boiler (Racecourse no.4 boiler) and to return the condensate to the boiler. PE-north takes exhaust steam from the milling turbines and turbo-alternators supplied by Racecourse no.3 boiler. The specifications for condensate supplied as boiler feedwater to the cogeneration boiler, which operates at 8,000 kPa, are more stringent than the industry typical boilers, operating at 1,700 kPa. PE1A is operated as a juice-evaporator vessel during the crushing season and as a steam transformer during the non-crush season. The operation of both pre-evaporator vessels is described. Severe corrosion issues are noted for the PE1A vessel, which is not prevalent for the PE-north vessel despite the latter being considerably older and used in a similar role. The causes of the high corrosion levels for PE1A are discussed, and some measures to alleviate the operational conditions at Racecourse are described.","PeriodicalId":54362,"journal":{"name":"Sugar Industry-Zuckerindustrie","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84007180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}