{"title":"Modeling and Design Strategies for Enhancing Duct Noise Attenuation","authors":"Chao Shen, Zhiyong Li, Simin Huang","doi":"10.1007/s40857-026-00379-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-026-00379-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research investigates alternative methods for predicting sound transmission loss of duct liners and re-evaluates noise attenuation performance. A theoretical model based on mass-spring-damping parameters is used to analyze the transmission loss of Helmholtz resonators in ducts. The research compares analytical predictions with numerical simulations for both single and twin Helmholtz resonator configurations, examining the impact of resonator geometry, damping characteristics, and inter-resonator spacing. The ‘reactance-to-resistance’ effect is proposed to occur between resonators when placed in parallel. The results indicate that damping in a Helmholtz resonator can be used to achieve a balance between reflection and absorption effects. Resonator spacing influences system mass modification, revealing wavelength-related cyclic patterns. In addition, noncompact liner width and damping determine transmission loss performance across different frequency ranges. This research provides insights for improved duct liner design considering sound source effects and offers a deeper physical understanding of acoustic performance beyond traditional transmission loss metrics.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 2","pages":"307 - 327"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148553033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance of Natural Multi-layer Coir and Kenaf Fibers as Sustainable Acoustic Absorber","authors":"Dg Hafizah Kassim, Azma Putra, Iwan Prasetiyo","doi":"10.1007/s40857-026-00378-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-026-00378-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on natural materials as alternative sound absorbers for buildings continues. This paper presents a natural sound absorber composed of multi-layer coir and kenaf fibers. Normal and random incidence sound absorption measurements were conducted to evaluate the sound absorption performance. The results indicate that adding a thin kenaf fiber layer significantly enhances the sound absorption of the coir fiber. This improvement is observed in the low to mid-frequency range when the kenaf layer, with a smaller thickness than the coir fiber layer, is positioned at the outermost layer. If the kenaf layer is adjacent to a rigid surface, the improvement is predominantly in the mid to high-frequency range. However, if the thickness of the kenaf layer exceeds that of the coir layer, the experiment and Miki’s model demonstrate that the sound absorption coefficient remains nearly identical at mid to high frequency regardless of the arrangement of the layers.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"219 - 229"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40857-026-00378-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148012007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammad Hammad Rasool, Syahrir Ridha, Shwetank Krishna, Boni Swadesi, Astra Agus Pramana, Mohd Yusuf, Muhammad Adeem Abbas
{"title":"A Review on Distributed Acoustic Sensing for Monitoring Geological Carbon Dioxide Storage: Deployment, Field Learnings, and Challenges","authors":"Muhammad Hammad Rasool, Syahrir Ridha, Shwetank Krishna, Boni Swadesi, Astra Agus Pramana, Mohd Yusuf, Muhammad Adeem Abbas","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00376-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00376-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geological CO<sub>2</sub> storage is pivotal to global net-zero strategies, yet its long-term security relies on advanced monitoring systems capable of detecting subsurface changes with high fidelity. Distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) has emerged as a powerful acoustic-based technology for monitoring, measurement, and verification, transforming standard fibre-optic cables into dense seismic arrays. This review focuses on DAS deployment strategies and their real-world performance across landmark CO<sub>2</sub> storage projects including Otway (Australia), Aquistore and Quest (Canada), CarbonSAFE (USA), and Minami-Aga (Japan). Case studies illustrate both the promise and limitations of DAS in diverse settings such as cemented vertical wells, retrofitted observation wells, surface-deployed arrays, and offshore telecommunication cables. A critical theme across deployments is the pervasive challenge of noise contamination (thermal fluctuations, mechanical vibrations, hydraulic disturbances, and offshore environmental noise) which degrade signal fidelity and complicate interpretation. These acoustic interferences, compounded by issues of fibre–formation coupling, axial strain sensitivity, and offshore repeatability, highlight why DAS remains underutilized despite its unrivalled spatial density and temporal continuity. By synthesizing lessons from field applications, this review underscores how DAS can advance acoustic monitoring of CO<sub>2</sub> storage while identifying the technical and regulatory barriers that must be overcome for its integration into large-scale, reliable subsurface surveillance frameworks. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"255 - 288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Celia Moreno González, Valentín Gómez Escobar, Carlos J. Pérez, Guillermo Rey-Gozalo
{"title":"Behavior of the First Absorption Peak of Porous Materials with Changing Thickness","authors":"Celia Moreno González, Valentín Gómez Escobar, Carlos J. Pérez, Guillermo Rey-Gozalo","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00375-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00375-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acoustic behavior is one of the main properties in porous materials. A significant feature of the absorption coefficient spectra is the first absorption peak, as its frequency indicates the onset of high absorption. This work examines the variation in global absorption, as well as changes in the maximum absorption coefficient and its frequency with respect to material thickness. Absorption coefficients were measured using an impedance tube for 157 samples of four types of porous absorbers. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences among the sample groups. A saturation effect was observed in overall sound absorption. Additionally, the magnitude of the first peak increased with thickness for Foam and PET, but decreased for Butts-derived materials. The frequency of this first maximum also showed differences across sample types and in comparison with the theoretical value. Among the materials studied, samples derived from cigarette butts demonstrated the best acoustic performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"201 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40857-025-00375-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrating Environmental Awareness in Underwater Acoustic Networks: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Sadaf Vahabli, Iftekhar Ahmad, Quoc Viet Phung, Daryoush Habibi, Walid K. Hasan, Ruba Zaheer","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00374-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00374-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Underwater Acoustic Networks (UANs) are critical for enabling long-range underwater communication, supporting a wide range of applications, such as environmental monitoring, resource exploration, disaster prevention and marine security. Unfortunately, UANs operate within a limited acoustic spectrum, where these spectrums often overlap with those used by marine animals for communication, navigation and foraging. Additionally, anthropogenic noise from industrial activities contributes to acoustic pollution, intensifying this problem. This frequency overlap poses significant risks to marine life. Therefore, this review highlights the urgent need to develop environmentally aware UANs that minimize harmful acoustic interference with marine mammals, fish and invertebrates. Further, it focuses on network design challenges, examining their negative impacts, defining the concept of a marine-friendly network and establishing evaluation metrics to assess performance. This paper classifies existing marine-friendly UAN approaches into three main categories: spectrum management methods (including cognitive acoustic technologies), eco-friendly routing protocols, and prediction-based techniques. Each category is analyzed in terms of its strengths and limitations. Lastly, the review identifies current research gaps and outlines future directions to support the development of marine-friendly UANs that can effectively balance communication performance with marine conservation, toward a sustainable network.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"231 - 254"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. M. Howell, O. Leav, K. Tsigklifis, K. Modur, I. MacGillivray, J. Seers, S. Moore
{"title":"A New Finite Acoustic Duct Model and Comparison with Experiment in Water","authors":"R. M. Howell, O. Leav, K. Tsigklifis, K. Modur, I. MacGillivray, J. Seers, S. Moore","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00373-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00373-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A fundamental computational and experimental study of a monopole in an aluminium duct in water is presented. This is a precursor study before investigating a propeller in a duct that can be modelled as a rotating dipole, e.g. Tomko et al. (2019). Updates to our previously published method of images duct model (Fischer et al., 2022) are detailed along with a new transmission matrix model that captures solely the longitudinal modes of the duct. Predictions from these analytical models are compared with predictions from boundary element and finite element numerical models and also experimental results. The hydroacoustic experiment is conducted in the water tank located at Defence Science and Technology Group, Melbourne. The numerical simulations and experiments demonstrate that the vibro-acoustic coupling of the duct wall with the fluid leads to a change in the effective speed of sound in the duct and consequently the resonant frequency of the system. Therefore, using a rigid duct approximation would lead to an over prediction in the effective speed of sound in the duct and, for the example presented in the paper, an over prediction in the relative gain in sound power from placing a monopole in the duct. The method of images and transmission matrix models are shown to accurately predict the relative gain in sound power for a rigid duct. The current experimental set-up requires a source with greater acoustic power to allow future investigation of duct cross modes and dipole sources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"47 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148012006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Study on Scattering Coefficient Measurement Using a “Spark Train” in a Scaled Reverberation Room","authors":"Haitao Sun, Xiangrui Sang","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00372-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00372-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Full-size reverberation chamber random-incidence scattering coefficient measurements are often complex and time-consuming, making scaled reverberation chamber systems a preferred alternative for improving efficiency. Conventionally, scaled measurements employ a high-frequency impulse source combined with a stepwise rotating turntable. In this approach, 72 impulse responses are recorded at 5° increments and averaged to obtain the specular reflected impulse response. However, for asymmetric specimens, scattering characteristics vary at each angle, and relying solely on fixed angular responses neglects other directional properties. In this study, a “spark train” sound source was introduced to measure scattering coefficients in a 1:10 scaled reverberation chamber using a continuous rotation approach. A high-frequency impulse source was coupled with a continuously rotating turntable. Once the impulse was emitted, the turntable rotated without interruption, and the reflected sound in the nonlinear impulse response represented an integration of scattering contributions from multiple angles. Experimental results demonstrated that the scattering coefficients obtained with this method align more closely with full-scale measurements based on MLS signals. In addition, the effects of turntable rotation status, source emission interval, air absorption correction methods and test specimen sampling geometry on the accuracy of measured scattering coefficients were analyzed in detail.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"145 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Carmelo Villa Prado, Juan Pedro Bolívar Raya, Rafael Sánchez Sánchez
{"title":"A Methodology to Convert a Digital Recorder into a Post-Processed Sound Level Metre and Spectrum Analyser","authors":"Carmelo Villa Prado, Juan Pedro Bolívar Raya, Rafael Sánchez Sánchez","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00370-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00370-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acoustic studies are usually carried out using sound level metres and acoustic frequency analysers, which are classified and standardised according to international standards. However, some acoustic assessments cannot be carried out using conventional sound level metres and spectrum analysers, due to the need for covering large surfaces and many monitoring points, the requirement of simultaneously using numerous devices, the high cost derived from leaving these instruments outdoors, or their short autonomy. Moreover, in recent years, many authors have begun to use small digital recorders and even mobile phones for acoustic analysis. These devices are small, cheaper, and quite versatile and greatly autonomous, which make them appropriate for those acoustic studies where sound level metres are not the best option. The methodology presented in this paper proposes the use of small digital recorders and WAV file post-processing software to replace the use of sound level metres and spectrum analysers, obtaining results with a precision comparable to that of a Class 1 sound level metre and acoustic analyser.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"187 - 200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s40857-025-00370-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Working with the ISO/PAS 1996-3:2018 Impulsive Standard with Application to Industry and Windfarms Using Long-term Monitoring Data","authors":"Renzo Tonin","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00371-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00371-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>ISO/PAS 1996-3:2018 provides a method to objectively calculate an adjustment to the measured <span>(L_{{{text{Aeq}},T}})</span> sound level for impulsive sound during the measurement period <i>T</i>. The method given in ISO 1996-3 states that measurements are to be made where possible at such times that impulsive sound from sources of residual sound is not present as these can impact the assessment of the source of specific sound under investigation. It recommends that impulsive sound that is suspected of being caused by sources of residual sound is to be excluded from analysis. It is common when conducting a noise survey at receptors which are located some distance from an intrusive noise source using long-term monitoring data that residual sound, such as from traffic, aircraft, birds, and insects, is a significant noise contributor. The impulsive adjustments derived according to ISO 1996-3 may therefore be applied inadvertently to the residual sound contrary to the recommendation in the Standard, if they are not identified and eliminated from the calculations by specific involvement of a person in the analysis. The method recommended in the Standard to minimise the influence of residual sound includes the examination of audio recordings or other methods of noise source identification on indicated impulse events and then uses the calculation method provided in the Standard with the recommended sample time interval of 10–25 ms to determine the impulse adjustment <span>(K_{I})</span>. An additional method is proposed in this paper based on selecting an appropriate value of the assessment time interval commensurate with the duration of single impulsive noise events being assessed as well as other observations relating to the implementation of ISO 1996-3 in both industry and windfarm noise assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"171 - 185"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Super-Resolution Localization of Low-Frequency Sound Sources by Beamforming with Singular Value Decomposition","authors":"Yongchang Li, Junyi Wang, Dingyu Hu, Yuan Liu, Linli Yan, Hao Liu","doi":"10.1007/s40857-025-00369-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40857-025-00369-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The spatial resolution of beamforming is constrained by the wavelength-order diffraction limit, rendering it less effective for pinpointing low-frequency sound sources. To achieve subwavelength focusing, the focusing field of beamforming is initially simplified to a product of the column vector of the received signals and the transfer matrix between the measurement and focusing planes. By applying singular value decomposition to this transfer matrix, the focusing field can incorporate more evanescent waves by adjusting the weights of its singular values. Both numerical simulations and experimental results are performed to validate the proposed method. Compared to conventional beamforming, the proposed method significantly enhances spatial resolution at low frequencies and yields impressive results even in half-space environments with fewer microphones.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54355,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics Australia","volume":"54 :","pages":"133 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148011964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}