Geoscience Data Journal最新文献

{"title":"Sunspot observations at Kawaguchi Science Museum: 1972 – 2013","authors":"Hisashi Hayakawa,&nbsp;Daisuke Suzuki,&nbsp;Sophie Mathieu,&nbsp;Laure Lefèvre,&nbsp;Hitoshi Takuma,&nbsp;Eijiro Hiei","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.158","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.158","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Individual sunspot observations have formed a ground basis of international sunspot number, a unique reference for long-term solar variability in the centennial timescale. The original datasets were subjected to exploitations and analyses upon the recalibrations of the sunspot number series. In this context, this study reviewed and analysed original sunspot records and their databases in the Kawaguchi Science Museum (KSM) in Japan. KSM hosts sunspot drawings and logbooks from 1972 to 2013. This dataset has a longer chronological coverage than what was known to the scientific community (1981–2010). These records have been digitized and publicized in a museum database, which allows users to access individual sunspot drawings and numerical data in KSM logbooks. These records are highly homogeneous as a single observer's dataset (Hitoshi Takuma), who used a 15-cm refractor at the Kawaguchi Juvenile Museum in 1972–2003 and a 20-cm refractor at KSM in 2003–2013. We also reviewed the Takuma data series, his monthly observation days (21.3 days/month), sunspot number in the whole disk and each hemisphere, and sunspot positions in a butterfly diagram. We also assessed Takuma's data stability in comparison with the international sunspot number and reference datasets of the SILSO. Takuma's data appear stable until 2003, when he changed the observation site and instrument. His data stability was quantitatively compared with the SILSO reference datasets, confirming the substantial long-term stability of the data and establishing its reliability as an alternative reference for sunspot number recalibration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.158","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45055973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Data rescue process in the context of sea level reconstructions: An overview of the methodology, lessons learned, up-to-date best practices and recommendations","authors":"Alexa Latapy,&nbsp;Yann Ferret,&nbsp;Laurent Testut,&nbsp;Stefan Talke,&nbsp;Thorkild Aarup,&nbsp;Frederic Pons,&nbsp;Gwenaele Jan,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bradshaw,&nbsp;Nicolas Pouvreau","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.179","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.179","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coastal water level measurements represent one of the earliest geophysical measurements and allow an assessment of historical sea level rise and trends in tides, river flow and storm surge. However, recovery and digitization of archival tidal records have been much less widespread and systematic than, for example meteorological records. In this contribution, we discuss data rescue efforts and lessons learned in France, the United States and the United Kingdom, countries with early and extensive tide gauge networks by the mid-19th century. We highlight the importance of (a) cataloguing the historical gauge records, as a first step towards locating them; (b) locating data in archives, and then recovering and saving data by any means necessary, including photographs and scanning; (c) obtaining metadata, including both quantitative survey records, gauge checks and clock data, but also qualitative records such as gauge notes, letters and reports; and (d) quantitative statistical analysis of data and datum quality, using both standard data-entry checks but also tools that leverage the unique predictability of tide measurements. Methods for digitizing original analogue records are also discussed, including semi-automatic, computer-based methods of digitizing tidal charts (marigrams). Although the current best practice is described, future improvements are desirable and needed to make the more than estimated 10,000 station years of unused, undigitized records available to the scientific community.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.179","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44373353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the KMA/NIMS Atmospheric Research Aircraft (NARA) and its data archive: Annual airborne observations over the Korean peninsula","authors":"Ji-Hyoung Kim,&nbsp;Tae-Young Goo,&nbsp;Sueng-Pil Jung,&nbsp;Min-Seong Kim,&nbsp;Kwangjae Lee,&nbsp;Myeonghun Kang,&nbsp;Chulkyu Lee,&nbsp;Jiwhi Yang,&nbsp;Sungeun Hong,&nbsp;Heejong Ko,&nbsp;Jong Hwan Yun","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.182","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study describes the Korea Meteorological Administration/National Institute of Meteorological Sciences (KMA/NIMS) Atmospheric Research Aircraft (NARA) and its observational data archive. NARA has been performing annual observation flights, which are aimed at reducing the uncertainty of atmospheric observations in the observation data gap area around the Korean peninsula, since January 2018. An online system has also been constructed to provide data management, transmission, quality control and simple visualization. The mission strategy of NARA is subdivided into four individual units, namely observations of severe weather (SW), climate monitoring (CM), environmental monitoring (EM) and cloud physics and weather modification experiments (CP). As of December 2020, NARA has been launched operationally for 325 flights (corresponding to 9.02 flights per month), typically over the West Sea, mid-inland areas (34.4% and 25.4%, respectively), and below an altitude of 3 km (51.9%). Results of intercomparison tests confirmed that NARA measurements have reasonable offsets (&lt;0.9%) to each other in terms of pressure and temperature. Moreover, the monthly average temperature profile in the East Sea area showed a seasonal variation was detected in monthly variation. From these results, it is evident that NARA data will contribute significantly to enhancing the level of scientific understanding of atmospheric observations and the applications (i.e. long-term study) thereof as the amount of data accumulated increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49642627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long time series of absolute gravity observations in Kulusuk, southeast Greenland","authors":"Olivier Francis","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.183","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.183","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This report contains terrestrial absolute gravity measurements performed near the village of Kulusuk in southeast Greenland. It represents an exceptionally long time series of nearly two decades. The measurements began in July 1996 until July 2015. The station is located a few meters beside a permanent GNSS station. The final gravity values (g-values), more precisely the accelerations due to gravity, are listed along their associated uncertainties. A description of the station, a short explanation on the absolute gravimeter, and the data processing are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49220014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mahuika-Auckland: A spatially and temporally resolved fossil fuel CO2 emissions data product for Auckland, New Zealand","authors":"Elizabeth D. Keller,&nbsp;Timothy W. Hilton,&nbsp;Adrian Benson,&nbsp;Sapthala Karalliyadda,&nbsp;Shanju Xie,&nbsp;Kevin R. Gurney,&nbsp;Jocelyn C. Turnbull","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.181","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.181","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Accurate, high-resolution and sector-specific greenhouse gas emissions information is increasingly needed for the development of local, targeted mitigation policies. We describe a detailed, spatially and temporally resolved CO₂ emissions data product, Mahuika-Auckland, for Auckland, New Zealand, based on Auckland's regional greenhouse gas and air emissions inventories. Emissions are provided at 500 m spatial resolution and at a 1-hr time step, a level of detail not previously available for any New Zealand city. We divide fossil fuel emissions into six sectors that comprise the majority of Auckland Region's CO₂ emissions profile: on-road transport, industrial non-point buildings and point sources, commercial non-point buildings, residential non-point buildings, air transport and sea transport. We also include separate layers representing biogenic CO₂ emissions (primarily waste and wood burning), as these are significant sources in Auckland. We distribute emissions spatially and temporally based on activity data, energy and fuel consumption patterns, and population statistics. The code to generate Mahuika-Auckland has been designed to be flexible so that updated information and/or data from more recent years can easily be incorporated. This data product improves upon New Zealand's current inventories that are only resolved at the regional and annual scale, providing a new level of detail that can be used as a prior estimate for atmospheric inversions, to inform emissions reduction policies and to guide the development of zero carbon pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41574548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One year of spectroscopic high-frequency measurements of atmospheric CO2, CH4, H2O and δ13C-CO2 at an Australian Savanna site","authors":"Niels C. Munksgaard,&nbsp;Ickjai Lee,&nbsp;Thomas Napier,&nbsp;Costijn Zwart,&nbsp;Lucas A. Cernusak,&nbsp;Michael I. Bird","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.180","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We provide a 1-year dataset of atmospheric surface CO₂, CH₄ and H₂O concentrations and δ¹³C-CO₂ values from an Australian savanna site. These semi-arid ecosystems act as carbon sinks in wet years but the persistence of the sink in dry years is uncertain. The dataset can be used to constrain uncertainties in modelling of greenhouse gas budgets, improve algorithms for satellite measurements and characterize the role of vegetation and soil in modulating atmospheric CO₂ concentrations. We found pronounced seasonal variations in daily mean CO₂ concentrations with an increase (by 5–7 ppmv) after the first rainfall of the wet season in early December with peak concentrations maintained until late January. The CO₂ increase reflected the initiation of rapid microbial respiration from soil and vegetation sources upon initial wetting. As the wet season progressed, daily CO₂ concentrations were variable, but generally decreased back to dry season levels as CO₂ assimilation by photosynthesis increased. Mean daily concentrations of CH₄ increased in the wet season by up to 0.2 ppmv relative to dry season levels as the soil profile became waterlogged after heavy rainfall events. During the dry season there was regular cycling between maximum CO₂/minimum δ¹³C-CO₂ at night and minimum CO₂/maximum δ¹³C-CO₂ during the day. In the wet season diel patterns were less regular in response to variable cloud cover and rainfall. CO₂ isotope data showed that in the wet season, surface CO₂ was predominantly a two-component mixture influenced by C₃ plant assimilation (day) and soil/plant respiration (night), while regional background air from higher altitudes represented an additional CO₂ source in the dry season. Higher wind speeds during the dry season increased vertical mixing compared to the wet season. In addition, night-time advection of high-altitude air during low temperature conditions also promoted mixing in the dry season.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44570267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater potential mapping based on long time series remote sensing data in Penghu Islands, China","authors":"Zijian Cheng,&nbsp;Huiru Cui,&nbsp;Daqing Wang,&nbsp;Haoli Xu,&nbsp;Yi Wang,&nbsp;Zhao Lu,&nbsp;Xiaoning Zhao,&nbsp;Yue Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoying Lian,&nbsp;Guolin Tao","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.173","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.173","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Islands are special bodies of land surrounded by seawater. Many islands are facing water shortages as the demand for groundwater increases, thus, highlighting the importance and urgency of the assessment, planning, and management of island groundwater resources. To facilitate the same, the groundwater potential of the Penghu Islands in China was assessed for the first time using remote sensing (RS), geographic information system (GIS), and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Long-term series remote sensing studies were also conducted to monitor the dynamic change in groundwater potential and to identify groundwater potential areas. In this study, the geological environment factors were normalized, and their weight was allocated based on the AHP of RS and GIS. The groundwater potential assessment (GPA) index, established using the weighted comprehensive algorithm, was used to analyse groundwater potential and demarcate groundwater potential zones. Finally, the trend in the spatio-temporal variation of groundwater potential was analysed using long-term series remote sensing data. The results from 2015 to 2021 showed that the Penghu Islands can be divided into five groundwater potential zones of different grades, such as 6.3%–8.1% of grade I, 22.2%–24.2% of grade II, 23%–24.4% of grade III, 19.6%–21% of grade IV, and 25.1%–25.5% of grade V. The results of the GPA were verified by comparing them with the abundance of water-content rock formation in hydrogeologic maps, which yielded correlation coefficients of 78.3%–88.9%. Overall, the groundwater potential zones of different grades in the study area tended to be stable all year-round, including the zones of grades I and II. The results of this study highlighted the reliability of predicting groundwater potential based on long-term series remote sensing data and its usability to local personnel in appropriate groundwater resource planning and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.173","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41404918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A statistical approach to study the spatial heavy metal distribution in soils in the Kushk Mine, Iran","authors":"Zahra Sohrabizadeh,&nbsp;Hamid Sodaeizadeh,&nbsp;Mohammad Ali Hakimzadeh,&nbsp;Ruhollah Taghizadeh-Mehrjardi,&nbsp;Mohammad Javad Ghanei Bafghi","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.175","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.175","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study was conducted for the spatial distribution and concentration evaluation of heavy metals, including Cu, Cd, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Pb, within 102 soil samples collected from Kushk Mine in Bafgh, Iran. This work employed hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), and spatial distribution patterns, to perform element distribution evaluation within the area. The distributions of heavy metals in the entire area were exhibited in the form of maps. The average concentrations of Cd, Cu, Mn, Fe, Zn, and Pb were found to be 0.39, 0.26, 5.3, 4.1, 51.9, and 40.9 mg.kg⁻¹, respectively. Based on the PCA and HCA findings, the heavy metals were divided into two groups. The first group included Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu. In the first group, altered threshold-surpassing anthropogenic and lithogenic pollution was found to be the main factor accounting for Pb and Zn. The second group involved Fe and Mn, which could be impacted by either anthropogenic and lithogenic factors. Furthermore, the geo-statistical results demonstrated higher contents of the heavy metals in the south of the mine and in the vicinity of the mine tailings. It may be concluded from the results that the heavy metal contents of the area are impacted by anthropogenic and lithogenic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.175","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43308703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A global drought monitoring system and dataset based on ERA5 reanalysis: A focus on crop-growing regions","authors":"Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano,&nbsp;Fernando Domínguez-Castro,&nbsp;Fergus Reig,&nbsp;Miquel Tomas-Burguera,&nbsp;Dhais Peña-Angulo,&nbsp;Borja Latorre,&nbsp;Santiago Beguería,&nbsp;Isabel Rabanaque,&nbsp;Ivan Noguera,&nbsp;Jorge Lorenzo-Lacruz,&nbsp;Ahmed El Kenawy","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.178","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought monitoring systems are real-time information systems focused on drought severity data. They are useful for determining the drought onset and development and defining the spatial extent of drought at any time. Effective drought monitoring requires databases with high spatial and temporal resolution and large spatial and temporal coverage. Recent reanalysis datasets meet these requirements and offer an excellent alternative to observational data. In addition, reanalysis data allow better quantification of some variables that affect drought severity and are more seldom observed. This study presents a global drought dataset and a monitoring system based on the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) and ERA5 reanalysis data. Computation of the atmospheric evaporative demand for the SPEI follows the FAO-56 Penman-Monteith equation. The system is updated weekly, providing near real-time information at a 0.5° spatial resolution and global coverage. It also contains a historical dataset with the values of the SPEI at different time scales since January 1979. The drought monitoring system includes the assessment of drought severity for dominant crop-growing areas. A comparison between SPEI computed from the ERA5 and CRU datasets shows generally good spatial and temporal agreement, albeit with some important differences originating mainly from the different spatial patterns of SPEI anomalies, as well as from employing long-term climate trends for different regions worldwide. The results show that the ERA5 dataset offers robust results and supports its use for drought monitoring. The new system and dataset are publicly available at the link https://global-drought-crops.csic.es/.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.178","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41697005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GESLA Version 3: A major update to the global higher-frequency sea-level dataset","authors":"Ivan D. Haigh,&nbsp;Marta Marcos,&nbsp;Stefan A. Talke,&nbsp;Philip L. Woodworth,&nbsp;John R. Hunter,&nbsp;Ben S. Hague,&nbsp;Arne Arns,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bradshaw,&nbsp;Philip Thompson","doi":"10.1002/gdj3.174","DOIUrl":"10.1002/gdj3.174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper describes a major update to the quasi-global, higher-frequency sea-level dataset known as GESLA (Global Extreme Sea Level Analysis). Versions 1 (released 2009) and 2 (released 2016) of the dataset have been used in many published studies, across a wide range of oceanographic and coastal engineering-related investigations concerned with evaluating tides, storm surges, extreme sea levels, and other related processes. The third version of the dataset (released 2021), presented here, contains double the number of years of data, and nearly four times the number of records, compared to Version 2. The dataset consists of records obtained from multiple sources around the world. This paper describes the assembly of the dataset, its processing, and its format, and outlines potential future improvements.</p>","PeriodicalId":54351,"journal":{"name":"Geoscience Data Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/gdj3.174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46187476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}