ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-07-02DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202500774
Maddalena Bracchi, Francesco Nicotra, Laura Russo
{"title":"Machine Learning-Assisted Fabrication of 3D-Printed Extracellular Matrix Models","authors":"Maddalena Bracchi, Francesco Nicotra, Laura Russo","doi":"10.1002/cnma.202500774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.202500774","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) is challenging due to the complex composition, architecture, morphology, and mechanical properties of native tissues, which are key targets in tissue engineering. 3D printing enables the fabrication of ECM models with high spatial resolution exploiting hydrogels retaining essential viscoelastic and water retention properties for cell survival. In this study, a machine learning (ML)-assisted approach was developed to describe the printing behavior of hydrogels, demonstrating the potential to predict printability, despite the limitations imposed by the small available dataset. To generate the hydrogels, gelatin and hyaluronic acid were functionalized with γ-thiobutyrolactone and cysteamine, respectively. Crosslinking was carried out via thiol–ene photochemical reaction with 4-arm-PEG functionalized with norbornene. The resulting formulations were assessed via swelling tests to evaluate their stability, and the most promising candidates were further characterized chemically, morphologically, and rheologically. Cytocompatibility was validated through viability assays using human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. High-resolution 3D printing via stereolithography was performed to confirm the printability of the selected hydrogels. Based on these results, a preliminary predictive ML model was developed to estimate and predict hydrogel printability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnma.202500774","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Basalt–Alumina Ceramic Composite Membranes Incorporating UiO-66-NH2 and PES for Highly Effective CO2/N2 Separation","authors":"Qin Zhang, Xin-Ya Zhang, Nannan Guo, Ismail Rimeh, Zhuo Chen, Ghizlane Achagri, Meng-Sha Lin, Nuersulitan Tuerhongjiang, Peng-Cheng Ma, Abudukeremu Kadier","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70316","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The major source of climate change is the massive emissions of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) into the atmosphere. A successful capture or separation of CO<sub>2</sub> is of significant environmental and economic importance. Membrane separation technology has been of great recognition as it offers minimal energy demand, industrial scale-up, and resistance to chemical and physical abrasion. Here, novel composite ceramic PES-UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>/PEDOT: PSS@Basalt+Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> membranes for CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> separation were prepared, which contained 5, 10, 15, and 20 wt% UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>. The structure, the morphology, the porosity, the functional groups, and the thermal stability of the membrane were evaluated using various characterization methods. The influence of the UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> loading on the characteristics of the materials was studied. Additionally, the effect of temperature and pressure was examined. It was found that the UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub> loading modifies the properties and improves the membranes’ performance. Among the membranes tested, PES-UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>/PEDOT: PSS@Basalt + Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> membrane, which contains 15 wt% UiO-66-NH<sub>2</sub>, demonstrates the most superior performance in CO<sub>2</sub> separation. At 7 bar and 35 °C, it achieves CO<sub>2</sub> permeance (<i>P</i><sub>CO2</sub>) of 64,656 GPU and CO<sub>2</sub>/N<sub>2</sub> selectivity (<i>α</i><sub>CO2/N2</sub>) of 15.22. These results highlight the suitability of the as-prepared membrane for carbon capture technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148386145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-29DOI: 10.1002/cnma.70318
Liuyang Zhang, Jiayue Guo, Tuo Xiao, Haoyu Zhang, Daopeng Lei, Ganggang Jin, Xiangyang Xu, Peihua Yang
{"title":"Conductive Agent Insights for Flow-Electrodes Capacitive Deionization","authors":"Liuyang Zhang, Jiayue Guo, Tuo Xiao, Haoyu Zhang, Daopeng Lei, Ganggang Jin, Xiangyang Xu, Peihua Yang","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70318","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flow-electrode capacitive deionization (FCDI) enables continuous desalination, yet its performance is fundamentally governed by charge storage and transport within the flow electrodes. Despite extensive use of conductive additives, the role of their intrinsic physicochemical properties in determining desalination behavior remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically reveal how the particle size and surface potential of conductive additives regulate inter–particle interactions and slurry viscosity, thereby controlling flow dynamics and desalination efficiency. Combined experimental measurements and numerical simulations show that, compared with Ketjen Black, carbon nanotubes possess larger particle sizes and share the same surface charge polarity as activated carbon, leading to substantially reduced slurry viscosity and improved flow stability. Coupled with their higher intrinsic capacitance, these features enable flow electrodes to deliver enhanced desalination performance. This work provides guidelines for the rational selection and optimization of conductive additives, advancing the design of high-performance FCDI systems for desalination.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-29DOI: 10.1002/cnma.70317
Micaela Campo, Gustavo M. Segovia, Bernardo P. Sievers, Martín Mizrahi, Diego G. Lamas, Leticia P. Granja, Laura Malatto, Víctor Oestreicher, Cristián Huck-Iriart, Paula C. Angelomé
{"title":"Vanadium Oxide Thin Films via the Epoxide Route: Tailoring Oxide Properties through Substrate and Thermal Treatment","authors":"Micaela Campo, Gustavo M. Segovia, Bernardo P. Sievers, Martín Mizrahi, Diego G. Lamas, Leticia P. Granja, Laura Malatto, Víctor Oestreicher, Cristián Huck-Iriart, Paula C. Angelomé","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70317","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents a novel synthetic method to produce vanadium oxides thin films with different crystallographic phases and temperature sensitivities, by using a single precursor solution and different processing conditions. The <i>Epoxide Route</i> was employed to homogeneously produce a V(III) hydroxide sol, as demonstrated using X-ray absorption and scattering. Subsequently, films were prepared by spin coating sols aged for different times, showing that uniformity is achieved when the sols are deposited near the gelation point. The effect of the substrate and the annealing conditions over the identity of the obtained oxide was investigated by X-ray diffraction. The findings indicate that pure V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> can be synthesized through annealing in air, while pure VO<sub>2</sub> is formed under inert conditions, when both bare and silicon-nitride-passivated silicon substrates were used. On the other hand, oxides formation was inhibited on glass substrates, probably due to ion migration. Finally, the electrical properties as a function of temperature were assessed. The results show a significant change in resistivity for VO<sub>2</sub> thin films attributed to a well-known structural phase transition, whereas V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> thin films exhibited a thermally activated electrical behavior. The proposed methodology allows easily producing vanadium-based thin films suitable for applications in devices that require temperature sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-29DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202500799
Xiaodi Li, Yuejin Li, Kailong Ye, Shaohua Xie, Shan Ren, Lu Ma, Dali Yang, Fudong Liu
{"title":"Enhancing NO Reduction by CO Over NiO/CeO2 Catalyst by Optimizing the Metal Oxide–Support Interaction","authors":"Xiaodi Li, Yuejin Li, Kailong Ye, Shaohua Xie, Shan Ren, Lu Ma, Dali Yang, Fudong Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnma.202500799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.202500799","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Noble metal catalysts are widely used in three-way catalysts (TWCs) due to their high efficiency, but their scarcity and high cost drive the need for effective, low-cost alternatives. In this work, a series of NiO/CeO<sub>2</sub> catalysts were engineered by modulating the OH content and crystallite size of the CeO<sub>2</sub> support. This approach yielded Ni species ranging from isolated single atoms to small clusters and larger aggregates, with varied NiO/CeO<sub>2</sub> interaction strengths. Evaluation of their performance in NO reduction by CO, CO oxidation, and the water–gas shift reaction revealed that the NiO/CeO<sub>2</sub>-300 catalyst, featuring small CeO<sub>2</sub> crystallites and highly dispersed NiO clusters, delivered superior activity for NO reduction and CO oxidation. It was demonstrated that small NiO clusters, due to their efficient CO adsorption and activation, were more active than Ni single atoms. Furthermore, the presence of water was found to influence the catalyst stability, with NiO clusters less stable than single atoms likely due to the hydroxylation effect leading to the formation of Ni(OH)<sub>2</sub>. Oxygen storage capacity measurements revealed that performance was governed by a combination of CeO<sub>2</sub> crystallite size and the abundance of NiO/CeO<sub>2</sub> interfaces. These findings demonstrated that the catalytic performance of Ni/CeO<sub>2</sub> systems could be maximized by optimizing the Ni nanostructure and its interaction with CeO<sub>2</sub> support, positioning them as a promising, multifunctional nonprecious alternative for three-way catalysis application.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-29DOI: 10.1002/cnma.202600021
Subin Joseph, Priyankar Paira
{"title":"Targeting the Cluster of Differentiation 44–Hyaluronic Acid Axis in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Design and Therapeutic Applications of Hyaluronic Acid-Based Nanocarriers","authors":"Subin Joseph, Priyankar Paira","doi":"10.1002/cnma.202600021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.202600021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype characterized by the absence of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, notable heterogeneity, early metastasis, and a swift development of resistance to chemotherapy. Hyaluronic acid-based nanocarriers represent a logical approach to addressing these challenges by utilizing the cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44)–hyaluronic acid (HA) axis, which enables the targeted delivery of chemotherapeutics, nucleic acids, and immunomodulators to TNBC cells and cancer stem cells. This review initially explains the biology of TNBC and highlights the pivotal role of CD44 in the process of epithelial–mesenchymal transition, metastasis, and treatment failure, thus providing a mechanistic rationale for HA-mediated targeting. This review further analyzes the design principles and structural architectures of HA-based nanocarriers, including HA-polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, hydrogels, and prodrug conjugates, and discusses their relevance in addressing key therapeutic challenges in TNBC. Particular emphasis is placed on overcoming poor responsiveness to chemotherapy, multidrug resistance, cancer stemness, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. In addition, the translational challenges associated with HA-based nanomedicines for TNBC are critically evaluated, with the aim of outlining practical design guidelines and highlighting promising future research directions for effective clinical translation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-29DOI: 10.1002/cnma.70319
Abdulraouf N. Agha, M. A. Shadab Siddiqui, Mohammad Usman, Ahsan Ali, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain, Md. Abdul Aziz, M. Nasiruzzaman Shaikh
{"title":"Ni/MgO Catalysts for Ammonia Decomposition: Impact of Ni Loading, Reducibility, and Promoter Effects","authors":"Abdulraouf N. Agha, M. A. Shadab Siddiqui, Mohammad Usman, Ahsan Ali, Mohammad Mozahar Hossain, Md. Abdul Aziz, M. Nasiruzzaman Shaikh","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70319","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ammonia is emerging as a carbon-free hydrogen carrier, making efficient catalysts for NH<sub>3</sub> decomposition essential for clean energy applications. In this study, Ni/MgO nanocomposite catalysts with 5–50 wt% Ni were synthesized and evaluated for ammonia cracking. Structural characterization (XRF, PXRD, FE-SEM, EDS mapping, TEM, HR-TEM, SAED) revealed that increasing Ni loading promotes the transition from highly dispersed Ni species to larger, well-connected, crystalline Ni nanoclusters with strong Ni/MgO interfacial interactions. H<sub>2</sub>-TPR confirmed enhanced reducibility at higher Ni loadings. Catalytic activity strongly correlated with Ni domain continuity and reducibility, with 30% and 50% Ni/MgO achieving 90% NH<sub>3</sub> conversion at 618°C and 605°C, respectively, at a GHSV of 20,400 mL/g<sub>cat</sub>/h, achieving much higher activity than the catalysts with lower Ni content. Alkali promoters (Cs, K) offered only marginal improvement (598ºC). The 50% Ni/MgO catalyst also showed excellent stability, maintaining constant NH<sub>3</sub> conversion for 72 h at 600°C. These results demonstrate a clear structure–reducibility–activity relationship and identify high-Ni-loaded Ni/MgO catalysts as promising, durable candidates for carbon-free ammonia decomposition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148343135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CoNi–P/MXene With Yolk–Shell Hollow Structure as High-Performance Supercapacitor Electrode Material","authors":"Ying Wu, Yuting He, Shunxiang Wang, Jiaxin Wu, Yongjin Zou, Cuili Xiang, Jingjing Xie, Lixian Sun","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70305","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transition metal phosphides exhibit high specific capacitance. However, their practical application is limited by volume expansion and structural instability during charging and discharging. In this study, a CoNi–P yolk–shell structure was synthesized using hydrothermal and calcination methods and combined with two-dimensional titanium carbide (MXene) to construct a stable CoNi–P/MXene conductive network. The yolk–shell structure mitigates volume effects and shortens the electron transport path, while MXene enhances the structural stability and cycle life. The CoNi–P/MXene composite exhibits a specific capacitance of 964 F g<sup>−1</sup>. In addition, adjusting the MXene content affects the electrochemical performance. Notably, an asymmetric supercapacitor using CoNi–P/MXene and activated carbon as the positive and negative electrodes, respectively, displays a capacitance retention rate of 90.1% after 16,000 cycles at a current density of 5 A g<sup>−1</sup> and delivers an energy density of 44.64 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 800 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. Therefore, the proposed CoNi–P/MXene electrode material shows excellent prospects for energy storage applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-17DOI: 10.1002/cnma.70308
Yongquan Zhang, Yuxin Tang, Jingshun Wang, Lin Bo, Bo Sun, Shengying Wang, Youjing Li, Mingxia Jiang, Tiandong Zhang
{"title":"Enhancing LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 Cathode Stability via Al Doping for High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries","authors":"Yongquan Zhang, Yuxin Tang, Jingshun Wang, Lin Bo, Bo Sun, Shengying Wang, Youjing Li, Mingxia Jiang, Tiandong Zhang","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spinel-type LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.5</sub>O<sub>4</sub> is a promising high-voltage cathode material due to its advantages of high charge–discharge potential platform and high-energy density. However, the dissolution behavior of transition metal ions under high operating voltage can cause rapid degradation of the electrochemical performance of the battery, severely restricting the commercial application process of this material. To address the aforementioned bottleneck issues, this study introduced Al element doping during the precursor preparation stage and successfully synthesized Al-doped modified spinel cathode materials. The structural characterization results indicate that Al doping can effectively regulate the crystal morphology of the material, promote the evolution of particles from spherical to regular crystal forms, and reduce the relative content of Mn<sup>3+</sup>, thereby achieving effective suppression of Mn dissolution. Electrochemical testing shows that among the series of doped samples, LiNi<sub>0.5</sub>Mn<sub>1.48</sub>Al<sub>0.02</sub>O<sub>4</sub> exhibits the best rate performance and long-cycle stability: its first discharge specific capacity at 0.2 C can reach 126.7 mAh·g<sup>−1</sup>, and after 500 cycles at 1 C, the capacity retention rate is still as high as 98.4%. The excellent electrochemical performance mentioned above confirms that in situ doping in the precursor stage is an efficient and feasible strategy for spinel positive electrode modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ChemNanoMatPub Date : 2026-06-17DOI: 10.1002/cnma.70299
Bhera Ram, Subbiah Alwarappan
{"title":"Sulfur-Doped g-C3N4/Nafion Based Electrochemical Platform for the Trace Level Detection of Pb2+","authors":"Bhera Ram, Subbiah Alwarappan","doi":"10.1002/cnma.70299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnma.70299","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The presence of lead Pb<sup>2+</sup> in drinking water pose a significant risk to human health if its concentration exceeds permissible limits. Thus, the detection of Pb<sup>2+</sup> is essential for assessing water quality and facilitating its real-time assessment. Here, S-g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> is synthesized via a one-pot thermal polymerization synthesis, modified with nafion (Nf) and named as S-g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Nf/GCE. This modified material is employed for the selective detection of Pb<sup>2+</sup> in trace levels by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). The performance of the S-g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>/Nf/GCE electrochemical sensor is optimized for operational parameters, namely deposition potential, time, and pH of electrolyte. The electrochemical sensor showed an excellent linear response towards Pb<sup>2+</sup> detection in the 5 nM–2.5 µM range. The sensor demonstrated a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.16 ± 0.004 nM and a sensitivity of 93.03 μA cm<sup>−2</sup> μM<sup>−1</sup>. The electrochemical sensor displayed very high selectivity towards Pb<sup>2+</sup> especially in the coexistence of other metal ions such as Na<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>3+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, and Hg<sup>2+</sup>. The real-time effectiveness of the electrochemical sensor is validated by employing it in tap water sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":54339,"journal":{"name":"ChemNanoMat","volume":"12 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148282174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}