Labmedicine最新文献_第9页

Quality-Improvement Measures as Effective Ways of Preventing Laboratory Errors 质量改进措施是预防实验室差错的有效途径

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMD0YIFPTOWZONAD

R. Agarwal

{"title":"Quality-Improvement Measures as Effective Ways of Preventing Laboratory Errors","authors":"R. Agarwal","doi":"10.1309/LMD0YIFPTOWZONAD","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1309/LMD0YIFPTOWZONAD","url":null,"abstract":"Laboratory error is defined as any defect from ordering tests to reporting and interpretation of results. Laboratory errors have a reported frequency of 0.012-0.6% of all test results which in turn has huge impact on diagnosis and patient management as 60–70% of all diagnosis are made on the basis of laboratory tests. Total testing process in the laboratory is a cyclical process divided into three phases: preanalytical, analytical and postanalytical. First, pre-analytical phase in which requirement for a test is determined, the test is ordered and the patient is identified. It is followed by specimen collection and transport to the laboratory. The specimen is prepared and tested in the analytical phase. During the postanalytical phase, the results are reported to the individual who ordered the test and any action or intervention is undertaken. Initially, the policies and procedures developed by the laboratory were more concerned on analytical phase to reduce errors during laboratory testing and emphasis was in ensuring proper calibration and testing. The last few decades have seen a significant decrease in the rates of analytical errors in clinical laboratories. Currently, available evidences demonstrate that the pre- and postanalytical steps are more error prone.\u0000\u0000* IOM\u0000 : Institute of Medicine\u0000 NABL\u0000 : National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories\u0000 CAP\u0000 : College of American Pathologists\u0000 JCI\u0000 : The Joint Commission International\u0000 QC\u0000 : quality control\u0000 COES\u0000 : computerized order entry system\u0000 CLSI\u0000 : Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute\u0000 RFID\u0000 : radio frequency identification\u0000 OCR\u0000 : optical character recognition\u0000 TTP\u0000 : thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura\u0000 EQAS\u0000 : External Quality Assurance Program\u0000 CLIA\u0000 : Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments\u0000 IQC\u0000 : interlaboratory QC\u0000 WHO\u0000 : World Health Organization\u0000 ATE\u0000 : allowable total error\u0000 POCT\u0000 : point-of-care testing","PeriodicalId":54328,"journal":{"name":"Labmedicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73167531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 26

Building a Molecular Diagnostics Department 建设分子诊断学部门

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMM0VDJ4EA8HUUWX

S. Wallace

引用次数: 0

Creating a Molecular Atmosphere: Phase 1 创造分子氛围:第一阶段

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMYZ114PTWEBDZPT

S. Wallace

引用次数: 0

Creating a Molecular Environment, Phase 4 创造分子环境，第四阶段

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMLKRWWJNP6BXA32

S. Wallace

{"title":"Creating a Molecular Environment, Phase 4","authors":"S. Wallace","doi":"10.1309/LMLKRWWJNP6BXA32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1309/LMLKRWWJNP6BXA32","url":null,"abstract":"When implementing molecular testing in the microbiology laboratory at OSF Saint Francis Medical Center, we started with the more difficult laboratory-developed testing and then moved to the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved assays, which are equally important but require a less rigorous evaluation process. FDA-approved molecular testing can be less difficult because the assays in question have already been developed and validated. Our responsibility is to make sure that these assays work for our laboratory, write up the protocol with our specifications, and perform training before we turn out results on patients. Using FDA-approved testing usually involves following certain guidelines, which takes most of the guesswork out of the evaluation process.\u0000\u0000In 2007, the Illinois legislature passed a law known as the MRSA Screening and Report Act, which required all hospitals in Illinois to implement screening criteria for patients to determine whether they are carriers of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) on admission. This did not involve all patients but included those that were, according to the MRSA Screening and Report Act, “in all intensive care units, and other at-risk patients identified by the hospital”.\u0000\u0000OSF established guidelines for screening that have change slightly over the years. The most current screening criteria are as follows:\u0000\u0000[↵][1]* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: stephanie.e.wallace{at}osfhealthcare.org\u0000\u0000 [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1","PeriodicalId":54328,"journal":{"name":"Labmedicine","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81302764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Prezi Presentational Software as an Educational Tool for Analyzing Pathology Slides: Promoting a Learner Centered Environment Through Technology to Increase Student Satisfaction Prezi演示软件作为分析病理幻灯片的教育工具:通过技术促进以学习者为中心的环境以提高学生满意度

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMS0JFCHA7DMQC0M

C. Cunningham

{"title":"Prezi Presentational Software as an Educational Tool for Analyzing Pathology Slides: Promoting a Learner Centered Environment Through Technology to Increase Student Satisfaction","authors":"C. Cunningham","doi":"10.1309/LMS0JFCHA7DMQC0M","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1309/LMS0JFCHA7DMQC0M","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To test Prezi online presentational software as a learning tool for students enrolled in a physiopathology laboratory class.\u0000\u0000Methods: A Prezi presentation was created and used in place of a virtual microscopy scanning digital pathology slide during a laboratory session attended by a total of 179 students. Review of the normal anatomical features and architecture of a tissue was followed by an annotated tour covering important aspects of its pathologic characteristics. This was also accompanied by comparisons of normal with abnormal tissue to facilitate student learning and comprehension. Student feedback was gathered for 3 successive trimesters using a survey to assess student satisfaction with use of the Prezi presentation as an effective teaching strategy in a physiopathology laboratory class.\u0000\u0000Results: Students reported that they preferred the Prezi presentation compared with the digital pathology scanning slide technology. Students overwhelmingly expressed the desire to shift to the Prezi format from the virtual scanning microscope as the type of instructional technology used in class.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Based on student feedback, Prezi is an effective teaching tool. The overall success of this exercise and the positive student feedback warrant further development of additional Prezi presentations for continued use in physiopathology laboratory classes.","PeriodicalId":54328,"journal":{"name":"Labmedicine","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85017008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Positive Blood Culture Results After Plasmodium falciparum Diagnosis 恶性疟原虫诊断后血培养阳性

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-05-01 DOI: 10.1309/LM8BLDCRH6WT0VPP

S. Aesif, M. Swierzbinski, J. Keiser

引用次数: 3

Electrolytes: The Salts of the Earth 电解质:地球上的盐

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI: 10.1309/LM24GWIUEXOKN7AP

W. Arneson

{"title":"Electrolytes: The Salts of the Earth","authors":"W. Arneson","doi":"10.1309/LM24GWIUEXOKN7AP","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1309/LM24GWIUEXOKN7AP","url":null,"abstract":"What do you need to know as medical laboratory scientists when performing plasma electrolyte analysis? What new information should you consider regarding best laboratory practice in electrolyte analysis? This review article will answer some of these questions. Background In human physiology it is best to refer to electrolytes, the main component in bodily fluids, in the context of extracellular fluid (ECF) volume and total water (H 2 O) content in the body. Electrolytes are also best referenced collectively rather than individually because they are part of an integrated physiological mechanism of H 2 O and ionic balance. Thirst, renal function, and hormonal response help to maintain homeostasis of electrolytes. 1 These entities play a role in general functions of metabolic pathways, enzyme activation, acid-base balance, muscular-function regulation, and nervous-tissue contractions. Control of electrolyte levels is based on H 2 O and pH balance and is enacted by the renal glands through processes such as active transport in the proximal convoluted tubules, osmosis, and passive diffusion. At a cellular level, sodium (NA) and potassium (K) levels are maintained by the Na-K–adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) pump. 1 The endocrine system influences the distal convoluted tubules via the renin-aldosterone system and the circulating levels of vasopressin and natriuretic peptides in bodily fluids.","PeriodicalId":54328,"journal":{"name":"Labmedicine","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85902015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The Physiological Sources of, Clinical Significance of, and Laboratory-Testing Methods for Determining Enzyme Levels 酶水平的生理来源、临床意义和实验室检测方法

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMBR83WM3GNJEDLS

Muneeza Esani

引用次数: 11

Phlebotomy Worktext and Procedure Manual, 3rd Edition 静脉切开术工作文本和程序手册，第三版

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI: 10.1309/LM3FXGAJ6S8TKRWK

D. Ernst

{"title":"Phlebotomy Worktext and Procedure Manual, 3rd Edition","authors":"D. Ernst","doi":"10.1309/LM3FXGAJ6S8TKRWK","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1309/LM3FXGAJ6S8TKRWK","url":null,"abstract":"Edited by Robin S Warekois, BS, MT(ASCP) and Richard Robinson 362 pages. St. Louis, Elsevier Saunders, 2012. $73.95. ISBN: 9781437709919 \u0000\u0000Instructors who purchase the newest edition of the Phlebotomy Worktext and Procedure Manual will find it to be a familiar resource. Retained in this edition are the hallmarks that have made this text stand out in the sea of competing titles published since the first edition was released in 2002. Such hallmarks include the logical organization of material, the detailed and well-written content, and the eye-pleasing graphics. This edition contains new images of needles replacing images of those without safety features, 50 additional mock examination questions, and certain updated passages to reflect some but not all provisions of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) venipuncture standard, which was revised in 2007. Not much is new in this edition; despite certain issues concerning its content, as I will describe later in this review, it remains one of the more accurate texts on the subject in most regards.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The organization of the material is logical; the content flows well, making it easy for educators to incorporate the contents into their curricula in the order in which they are presented. …","PeriodicalId":54328,"journal":{"name":"Labmedicine","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81870647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Molecular Microbiology: Diagnostic Principles and Practice, 2nd edition 分子微生物学:诊断原则和实践，第二版

4区医学

Labmedicine Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI: 10.1309/LMBW4EKPG1TMCTYO

C. Gebhart

引用次数: 17