Ecological Management & Restoration最新文献

{"title":"Lessons learned implementing mineral accretion and coral gardening at Agincourt Reef, Great Barrier Reef","authors":"Nathan Cook, Kailash Cook, Kaitlyn J Harris, Al Songcuan, Adam K Smith","doi":"10.1111/emr.12585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12585","url":null,"abstract":"The health and diversity of coral reefs are critically important to the stability and value of the marine tourism industry. Declines in coral reef health through climate change impacts and cyclones, and associated media coverage, have impacted tourism visitation. In January 2018, a major change in Australian Government policy included a Reef Restoration and Adaptation Program to investigate the best science and technology options for helping the Great Barrier Reef recover and adapt to the changing environment. We report on a trial of two intervention methods, mineral accretion and coral gardening, to improve hard coral recovery at a popular site on the Great Barrier Reef. We installed six artificial reef substrates onto which an equal number of coral fragments of seven species were transplanted over the course of two years. During this time, three of the six treatments were connected to a low-voltage power source to encourage mineral accretion and enhance coral growth. Electrolysis resulted in substantial mineral accretion on the steel substrate, however, the technology had no positive effect on the survival or growth of transplanted coral colonies. After 13 months, a second round of transplanted coral fragments was undertaken, and the electrolysis was discontinued. Over a four-year period, mean live coral cover increased significantly in both treatment locations, from 1.7% and 0% to 80.8% and 75.8%, respectively. Control locations increased insignificantly from a mean of 5% to 14.2%. The mineral accretion technology proved technically challenging and did not support the growth or health of transplanted corals, providing no evidence to support the use of mineral accretion technology for this purpose. The technology may, however, have applications in the creation of new, solid substrates and for initial rubble stabilisation efforts. These results demonstrate the effective use of artificial substrates in conjunction with coral gardening techniques for the recovery of hard coral at degraded tourism sites.","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138683502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring and evaluation of Indigenous Land and Sea Management: An Indigenous-led approach in the Arafura Swamp, northern Australia","authors":"Otto Bulmaniya Campion, Mali Djarrbal, Charlie Ramandjarri, Gladys Womati Malibirr, Peter Djigirr, Margaret Dalparri, Dale Djanbadi, Roseann Malibirr, Mark Malibirr, Evonne Munuygu, Solomon O'Ryan, Florence Biridjala, Paul Bunbuyŋu, Neville Gulaygulay, Jonathan Yalandhu, Margaret Guwankil, Caleb Campion, Benjamin Campion, David Bidingal, Peter Guyula, Sammy Guyula, Michelle Guyula, Erica Ngurrwuthun, Helen Truscott, Yaakov Bar-Lev, Katie Degnian, Emma Ignjic, Beau J. Austin, Simon West, Gawura Waṉambi","doi":"10.1111/emr.12586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12586","url":null,"abstract":"As Indigenous Land and Sea Management has grown in scope and scale, there has been increasing focus on monitoring and evaluation to foster learning, strengthen accountability and report on outcomes. A resurgence in Indigenous governance has led to recognition that Indigenous knowledge, law and governance systems are essential to successful conservation initiatives on Indigenous lands. Indigenous-led monitoring and evaluation involves Indigenous peoples exercising control, direction and informed decisions about monitoring and evaluation practices and signals a greater role for Indigenous methodologies alongside participatory approaches and Western sciences. This paper describes the Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project, led by the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation in partnership with Bi and Yolŋu Traditional Owners and clans and non-Indigenous practitioners and researchers. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project aimed to co-produce an Indigenous-led and Country-based monitoring and evaluation system for Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's Healthy Country Plan. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project recognised that the Rangers from the Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation are accountable within Bi, Yolŋu and Western governance systems and that monitoring and evaluation at Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation needed to strengthen relationships between all three. The Intercultural Monitoring and Evaluation Project involved: (i) developing understandings of monitoring and evaluation in Bi, Yolŋu and Western knowledge systems, (ii) generating organisational roadmaps, targets and indicators, (iii) developing Bi, Yolŋu and Western monitoring methods, (iv) building a data management system and seasonal monitoring calendar, (v) initiating a monitoring and evaluation committee to inform Arafura Swamp Rangers Aboriginal Corporation's strategic decision-making and (vi) sharing the story of the project with others. This approach embedded monitoring and evaluation in Indigenous law and governance, oral knowledge traditions and the intergenerational kinship relationships that sustain people and Country, while also connecting to Western adaptive management frameworks. Indigenous-led approaches can integrate monitoring and evaluation with Indigenous practices of caring for Country, contributing directly to the multiple ecological, cultural and socio-economic goals of Indigenous Land and Sea Management.","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138632468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of Felixer devices when faced with captive-held Spotted-tailed Quolls: Do they pose a risk to an endangered marsupial carnivore?","authors":"Andrew W. Claridge, Guy A. Ballard, Elliott A.G. Luck, Peter J.S. Fleming","doi":"10.1111/emr.12587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12587","url":null,"abstract":"Feral Cats are widespread and common across Australia, preying upon a wide diversity and large quantity of vertebrates and invertebrates. Curbing their impacts demands developing new control methods, as existing techniques are only usually partially successful. One such new method is the Felixer, a device that uses a combination of sensors to differentiate Feral Cats from other fauna before delivering a toxic gel to the fur of its target. Subsequently, this gel is then groomed and ingested. Before the Felixer can be more widely adopted, however, it is important to understand its target specificity. In a series of pen trials, we examined the ability of Felixer devices to discriminate Spotted-tailed Quolls, a cat-sized marsupial carnivore high on the list of species of concern. Over several weeks, multiple Spotted-tailed Quolls were each individually placed in pens with Felixers programmed in photograph only mode to take photographs only when sensors were triggered. Overall, there were almost 4000 detection events where Quolls passed in front of these devices and photographs taken. Nearly 1300 of these detections showed Quolls in a perpendicular or side-on position, ideally placed for the Felixer sensor arrays. Despite this exposure, there were no instances where the Felixer devices indicated that they would have activated on Quolls, had they been in lethal mode. This finding adds to recently published work in Tasmania, that also showed Quolls were highly unlikely to be incorrectly identified. Nevertheless, further studies of non-target discrimination by the Felixer device on other species of native wildlife is vital before they are made fully operational. This is particularly the case on the eastern seaboard of the country where the device has not yet been widely used and much remains to be learned about how they perform when faced with different species.","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138632444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orchids with scarce occurrence records: The case of the endangered Botany Bay Bearded Greenhood","authors":"Matthew Mo,&nbsp;Averill Wilson,&nbsp;Alice McGowan,&nbsp;Marie-Claire A. Demers,&nbsp;Greg L. Steenbeeke","doi":"10.1111/emr.12575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12575","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poorly studied species are potentially under-prioritised by conservation programmes due to knowledge gaps presenting barriers to informing effective management strategies. The Botany Bay Bearded Greenhood, <i>Pterostylis</i> sp. Botany Bay, is an example of a poorly studied plant that is listed as endangered under both Commonwealth and New South Wales legislation. This study reports on archival surveys from 1998 to 2005 conducted at up to eight sites known to contain the Botany Bay Bearded Greenhood and follow-up surveys in 2022. The archival surveys found that the total population count ranged from 83 to 341 individuals. Mean numbers (± standard error) of seedlings, flowering individuals and individuals exhibiting capsule development recorded in the population were 43 ± 14, 33 ± 9 and 2 ± 1 respectively. The 2022 surveys did not detect the species. An area of potential habitat was derived from records in biodiversity databases, which determined a total historical extent of 1.38 ha restricted to the Kurnell Peninsula in Sydney, New South Wales. The priority next step is to gather contemporary data to confirm whether the Botany Bay Bearded Greenhood remains extant, which can be done by applied researchers, students, landholders and land managers, botanical practitioners and/or volunteers. For optimal species detection, we recommend undertaking formal surveys or opportunistic searches in historically known sites and replicating detection efforts across July–September periods to exploit seasonal flowering.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12575","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effectiveness of long-term monitoring of the Broad-toothed Rat in the Barrington Tops National Park, Australia","authors":"Charlotte Alley,&nbsp;Peter Beard,&nbsp;John Clulow,&nbsp;Andrea Griffin,&nbsp;Adam Fawcett,&nbsp;Geoffrey James,&nbsp;Matt W. Hayward","doi":"10.1111/emr.12574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12574","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Biodiversity monitoring is crucial for effective conservation efforts. Effective monitoring allows managers to determine the status and trends of biodiversity, as well as the success of conservation actions. The population of the Broad-toothed Rats (<i>Mastacomys fuscus</i>) in the Barrington Tops National Park New South Wales, Australia has been monitored since 1999 via scat and live-trapping surveys. We reviewed the methods used and analysed the data produced with the aim of describing patterns of population change over time using a range of outcome variables and identifying different climate correlates. A secondary aim was to explore the use of population statistics that account for imperfect detection by comparing naïve occupancy, with an index of relative abundance based on trap effort, the latency to find scats during scat surveys and an occupancy model based on trapping surveys. Neither of these three methods accounts for detectability variation. Naïve occupancy decreased slightly over time, while the relative abundance based on trap effort revealed no evidence of change. Additionally, naïve occupancy decreased with increasing temperature while temperature had no clear impact on relative abundance. Finally, precipitation had no impact on either naïve occupancy or relative abundance. We found no evidence of a relationship between the latency to find scats and the index of relative abundance, suggesting that one or neither is related to actual abundance. Finally, a multi-season occupancy model found occupancy probability to be 0.78 ± 0.23 (standard error); detection probability as 0.51 ± 0.06; seasonal colonisation rate as 0.36 ± 0.13 and seasonal extinction rate at 0.44 ± 0.13. We conclude that despite significant investment in monitoring, this historical data set does not allow managers to ascertain whether population change has occurred and to identify potential drivers of change. Careful consideration of future methods, in particular, whether there is imperfect detection in scat surveys, will help to inform future monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12574","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old Man Saltbush mortality following fire challenges the resilience of post-mine rehabilitation in central Queensland, Australia","authors":"Phillip B. McKenna,&nbsp;Natasha Ufer,&nbsp;Vanessa Glenn,&nbsp;David Doley,&nbsp;Stuart Phinn,&nbsp;Peter D. Erskine","doi":"10.1111/emr.12579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12579","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Landscape rehabilitation following mining is required to be resilient to disturbance impacts such as fire, drought and disease. As mining companies undergo the process of rehabilitation certification and mine closure, there are notable knowledge gaps on the ecological risks associated with mature rehabilitated landscapes, based largely on the assumption that rehabilitation is analogous to reference communities. However, the response to fire disturbance across a range of landscapes remains largely untested and in particular there is limited understanding of recovery traits of plant species that occur naturally or are commonly seeded into rehabilitation. In August 2018, a controlled fire was applied to 37 hectares of 12-year-old coal-mine rehabilitation in central Queensland, Australia. We used a combination of (i) ground plot surveys and (ii) drone imagery to compare the vegetation response of burnt woody species to unburnt controls prior to, and for, two years following the fire. The survival of the most dominant shrub species found on the rehabilitation site was significantly impacted by the fire. Old Man Saltbush (<i>Atriplex nummularia</i> Lindl. subsp. <i>nummularia</i>) recorded significant post-fire mortality, with ground surveys recording an average reduction of 89% of stems per hectare across the burnt site, while unburnt controls remained unchanged. The plot data analysis was supported with high spatial and temporal resolution drone imagery, classified using a Random Forest machine-learning approach. Change analysis of these maps showed a significant decline of 82% in Old Man Saltbush plant density and 92% reduction in foliage cover following the fire. In addition, the mean canopy area of individual Old Man Saltbush shrubs reduced significantly from a pre-fire mean of 11.3 to 4.8 m² two years following the fire. A spatial proximity analysis showed that those individuals that survived the fire were located significantly closer to unburnt areas and bare spoil, indicating that discontinuous ground fuel loads can greatly improve the survivability of individuals. This study provides new evidence on the contested fire sensitivity of Old Man Salt bush and demonstrates the risk that future climate-driven extreme events may have on the resilience of novel ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50131001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting Indigenous-led restoration: The Seed and Nursery Industry Forum for Aboriginal Organisations, Northam, Western Australia, September 2022","authors":"Christian Miller-Sabbioni,&nbsp;Stephen van Leeuwen,&nbsp;Andrew T. Knight,&nbsp;Kingsley Dixon,&nbsp;Shane Turner,&nbsp;Michael Just,&nbsp;Simone Pedrini","doi":"10.1111/emr.12580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12580","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Bilya Bilya Koort Boodja Centre for Nyoongar Culture and Environmental Knowledge in Northam, Western Australia, was the location for this event where legislators, practitioners, academics, Nyoongar Elders, and key representatives for Traditional Steward groups gathered to discuss the current issues and future trajectory of the emerging Indigenous nursery sector, specifically the activities of native seed and seedling supply chain. These activities are key components of the emerging Indigenous-led restoration economy and indispensable for biodiverse restoration of degraded ecosystems at the landscape scale. Key outcomes included: improved awareness in participants about activities being undertaken across the restoration economy sector; the acknowledgement of a disjunction between academia and business practice, and the realisation that bridging the gap between knowledge and action is becoming increasingly urgent.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50148489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Melbourne Strategic Assessment—Elegant on process, currently failing on implementation","authors":"Kim W Lowe,&nbsp;Geoffrey Wescott","doi":"10.1111/emr.12578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12578","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper provides a critical analysis of the development and current outcomes of Australia's first endorsed strategic assessment under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999, namely, the Melbourne Strategic Assessment. It covers progress towards protection of a number of Nationally Significant Species and Ecological Communities – most notably, the native grassland communities immediately adjacent to Melbourne's Urban Growth Boundary. The Commonwealth approval to protect biodiversity and allow urban development was made in 2010 and it aimed to achieve its outcomes by 2020. These outcomes included providing new land for homes, for new transport corridors, and for conservation of biodiversity. Natural Temperate Grassland (4,667 ha), Grassy Eucalypt Woodland (709 ha) and seven other Matters of National Environmental Significance will be impacted. Mitigation for this is establishment of 15,000 ha of grassland reserves, 1,200 ha of grassy woodland reserves, over 4,000 ha of other land zoned for conservation and 300 ha of wetland restoration. We conclude that the Melbourne Strategic Assessment has been a success in terms of the elegance and comprehensiveness of the approach, in cooperation between the levels of government, in the economic benefits, and in some aspects of social engagement of the agreement. However, the achievement of environmental outcomes must be currently considered a failure due to poor implementation. This failure includes not meeting the agreed 10 year deadline for land acquisition and management, poor monitoring and protection of set-aside areas, and in reporting. We offer suggestions for how these current shortcomings could be overcome. These align well with the recommendations of the review of the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (The independent statutory review of the Act in 2020) and include the establishment of the proposed Office of Compliance and Enforcement, the adoption of National Environmental Standards and the reforms regarding the role of Indigenous Australians in strategic assessments. If these were adopted, we conclude that the strategic assessment approach should be more widely used because of the more holistic approach and efficiencies that it envisages compared with site by site approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50127161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations on the utilisation of a restored wildlife corridor by echo-locating microbats in North Queensland's Wet Tropics","authors":"Nigel Tucker,&nbsp;Greg Ford","doi":"10.1111/emr.12576","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12576","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbat studies are uncommon in the Wet Tropics of north-east Queensland, despite the group comprising 20% of the bioregion's mammal fauna. The significance of fragmentation and habitat connectivity to the echolocating insectivore group is unknown. Over a 12-month period in 2021–2022, microbat presence was recorded in a 25-year-old restored wildlife corridor 1.2 km in length. We deployed Anabat detectors in the restored corridor, in adjacent open paddocks and in mature rainforest at either end of the corridor. Species in reference forest and corridor vegetation were consistently ‘clutter-adapted’ bats, with low aspect ratio wings; there was little overlap with high aspect ratio species of the open pasture. Low aspect ratio microbats appear to respond to the similarity in structure between restored and adjacent natural vegetation. Re-establishing structural and functional connectivity may improve the local persistence of ‘clutter-adapted’ microbats.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12576","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50127163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coarse pine bark mulch as open surface cover fails to improve establishment of sown native grasslands","authors":"Paul Gibson-Roy,&nbsp;John Delpratt,&nbsp;Greg Moore","doi":"10.1111/emr.12577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12577","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study was conducted across twelve agricultural locations in south-western Victoria, Australia, encompassing a range of soil types and climatic conditions. It investigated the addition of an open layer of coarse organic pine wood chip mulch (~70% surface cover) directly following direct seeding of native grassland species. The intent was to mimic positive effects of naturally occurring organic surface litter (which are typically depleted in such settings) on seedling emergence and establishment. Findings revealed negative results in that the use of an open layer of coarse pine chip mulch failed to improve native establishment at 12-months or to moderate soil temperature and moisture extremes in comparison to non-mulched plots. This outcome suggests the effectiveness of open surface mulches under the scenario of direct seeding may be highly site context, mulch-type, and application approach dependent. In situations where such mulch applications are not likely to be beneficial, significant costs relating to their purchase and application could be avoided.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50127162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}