Ecological Management & Restoration最新文献

{"title":"Young woodland restoration plantings can be resilient to uncontrolled bushfires","authors":"Joe Atkinson,&nbsp;David Freudenberger","doi":"10.1111/emr.12616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12616","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Tree planting projects are widely conducted in agricultural areas across Australia, but relatively little is known about the vulnerability of these still young plantings to bushfires. As a result of climate change, more frequent and intense bushfires are predicted to occur across the continent. Therefore, it is important to know what happens to restoration plantings when young woody plants are burnt. To this end, we present 8 years of monitoring data from the Scottsdale Reserve in Bredbo, where we followed individual tubestock from 2013 to 2022 with an uncontrolled bushfire occurring in early February 2020. We found that Eucalypt (<i>Eucalyptus</i> spp.), Wattle (<i>Acacia</i> spp.), and Prickly Box (<i>Bursaria spinosa</i>) seedlings planted by volunteers had high survival rates from year to year, even after fire. Non-resprouting species including Hop Bush (<i>Dodonaea viscosa</i>) and Shiny Cassinia (<i>Cassinia longifolia</i>) had not recovered by early 2022, though these represented a much lower proportion of the planting. Our results suggest that some components of restoration plantings are resilient to burning but others are not able to produce viable seed banks, or regrow from them in this setting. Some replanting after fire may be required to maintain desired plant diversity and structure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12616","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bias and precision of predicted densities of overabundant kangaroo populations","authors":"Jim Hone,&nbsp;Melissa Snape","doi":"10.1111/emr.12613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12613","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Validated predictions of wildlife population density would be very useful for managers of overabundant wildlife and their effects on biodiversity. In this study such predictions were generated by modelling population dynamics of 18 non-culled populations of Eastern Grey Kangaroos (<i>Macropus giganteus</i>) across small biodiversity conservation reserves in Canberra. Predictions were validated using three analyses of independent, out-of-sample, data from 11 populations which were non-culled or culled. Association (analysis 1) showed observed and predicted densities were significantly positively correlated (<i>R</i>² = 0.79, <i>P</i> = 0.045, <i>n</i> = 5) with unbiased slope and y intercept for non-culled populations, though observed and predicted densities of culled populations were unrelated (<i>R</i>² = 0.32, <i>P</i> = 0.24, <i>n</i> = 6). Coverage (analysis 2) showed predicted densities were within the 95% confidence interval of observed densities in five of five non-culled populations and four of six culled populations, with one underestimate and one overestimate in the latter group. Bias (analysis 3) showed the mean bias (=observed – predicted) was 0.18 (±0.23 SE) kangaroos/ha for non-culled and 0.08 (±0.23 SE) for culled populations. The results have been used to adjust kangaroo management approaches in Canberra as part of adaptive management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"182-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142860247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a novel process for solving contentious conservation problems: The genetic status of K'gari wongari (Fraser Island Dingoes) as a case study","authors":"Benjamin L. Allen,&nbsp;Helen Ross","doi":"10.1111/emr.12611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12611","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Many conservation problems remain intractable because of conflicting views between policymakers, managers, researchers, conservationists and community stakeholders. Novel approaches to resolving these conflicts are required to achieve conservation outcomes that are more broadly acceptable. The conservation and management of K'gari wongari (Fraser Island's Dingoes) is emblematic of such a situation. Here we describe the successful implementation of a novel approach to advancing one such formerly intractable issue – assessing the genetic health and status of the island's Dingoes to resolve latent conflicts and assist protected area managers with their conservation activities. We developed a participatory, independent approach centred on community workshops to identify research priorities, expert workshops to identify appropriate research methods, then the commissioning of independent scientific research to address community priorities in accordance with the experts' suggested methods. The overall aim of the project was to provide managers with robust and policy-ready information on the genetic health and status of the Dingoes – information that also met community expectations and was widely supported by subject matter experts. The participatory approach of the project achieved this aim and was completed successfully and satisfactorily for all involved despite the occurrence of some expected challenges and necessary compromises. Here we describe the background to the problem, how the project was designed, the key challenges the project faced during implementation, and the key learnings from the exercise, thereby highlighting its innovative features as a participatory conflict resolution process. This process could be applied to advance other conservation problems hampered by conflicting stakeholder views.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"168-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiocarbon ageing of Indigenous culturally-significant trees for bushfire management on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island), southeast Queensland","authors":"Michael R. Ngugi,&nbsp;Quan Hua,&nbsp;Jon Knight,&nbsp;Ralph Dowling,&nbsp;David Kington,&nbsp;Darren Burns","doi":"10.1111/emr.12612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12612","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Partnerships between Indigenous People and governments for joint management of ancestral lands, designated as protected conservation areas for biodiversity and cultural heritage, provide an opportunity to leverage accumulated traditional land management knowledge with emerging science. In Australia, veteran or large old trees in natural landscapes are of significant ecological importance, and among the Indigenous communities, they are living monuments to historical cultural practices, but their survival, endurance and long lives are rarely acknowledged to afford them protection. In sub-tropical Australia, the lack of consistent annual growth rings in stem wood makes it difficult to estimate the age of large trees using methods such as the periodic diameter increment. Ngugi <i>et al.</i>, 2020 published radiocarbon (¹⁴C) dates using wood core (‘pith-wood’) samples from 12 Indigenous culturally-significant trees covering five species on Minjerribah (North Stradbroke Island). Due to the imprecise calendar age results of the single samples used in the original study (Ngugi <i>et al.</i>, 2020), subsequent radiocarbon dating of an additional three wood core samples from each tree was undertaken to age the trees more precisely. The revised tree ages ranged from 63 to 531 years and suggest an important role of past Indigenous land management practices into protecting Bugari (Cypress Pine, <i>Callitris columellaris</i> F. Muell.) from deadly crown scorching fires. These results underscore the importance of incorporating Indigenous practices in current fire management strategies and plans. Estimating tree ages based on the periodic diameter increment method overestimated the age relative to that derived from radiocarbon dating. New bias correction factors were developed for adjusting the recorded periodic tree diameter increments.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"153-159"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The RARCrec: A rapid riparian vegetation assessment method for use in river systems undergoing vegetative and geomorphic recovery","authors":"Elisha Duxbury,&nbsp;Kirstie Fryirs,&nbsp;Michelle Leishman","doi":"10.1111/emr.12617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12617","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Monitoring the condition of returning vegetation over time is essential for effectively managing riparian vegetation. Rapid riparian assessment methods are standard tools for capturing a suite of variables relevant to river health and are accessible to a range of users with different levels of experience. Monitoring efforts are particularly important for rivers undergoing degrading impacts and subsequent management interventions. In coastal catchments of New South Wales, Australia, vegetation is returning to rivers that were historically cleared for agriculture and are now experiencing geomorphic recovery. We present a rapid riparian assessment method for rivers undergoing vegetative and geomorphic recovery in this region. It addresses a gap in available rapid assessments by providing a methodology that can be used at sites with no historical analogue. Our assessment method adapts and extends a widely used method called the Rapid Assessment of Riparian Condition (RARC) to capture the quality of returning riparian vegetation along recovering rivers (<i>rec</i>), including native species diversity and vegetation structure (hence the name RARC<i>rec</i>). The RARC<i>rec</i> incorporates four sub-indices – vegetation cover, native species richness, proportion of native to exotic species, and features of vegetation health – to produce an overall vegetation condition score that classifies sites as poor, moderate, or good condition. Scores for each sub-index are assessed for the vegetation strata (groundcover, graminoids, midstorey, vines, and canopy) on the landform units of river bars, benches, and floodplains. The RARC<i>rec</i> has been designed to be sufficiently general for use in the main Vegetation Formations in coastal New South Wales and has been trialled at 36 sites across this region. Assessments can be conducted within half a day by two technically competent users and can be used to monitor vegetation condition over time to inform where to prioritise implementation of management activities. Field methodology and data sheets, including a scoring system, are provided to support the implementation of the RARC<i>rec</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"208-222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12617","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rescue and return: Translocating a semi-wild platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) population during the 2019 drought","authors":"Tahneal Hawke,&nbsp;Phoebe Meagher,&nbsp;Gilad Bino,&nbsp;Andrew Elphinstone,&nbsp;Sarah May,&nbsp;Arianne Lowe,&nbsp;Larry Vogelnest,&nbsp;Richard T. Kingsford","doi":"10.1111/emr.12618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12618","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Platypus (<i>Ornithorhynchus anatinus</i>) are an endemic Australian freshwater mammal, impacted by synergistic threats across their range. During the extreme drought of 2017–2019, declining water levels threatened Platypus at Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve (TNR), Australian Capital Territory (ACT), Australia. TNR supports a population of Platypus, occupying interconnected ponds within a predator proof fence. During drought conditions in 2019, Platypuses could not move out of the fenced area to refugia as floodgates were closed due to low water levels. In winter of 2019, eight Platypuses were found deceased resulting from starvation. By December, water levels were extremely low and ponds were continuing to dry. Given these circumstances, a rescue intervention was undertaken to capture stranded Platypuses. They were temporarily relocated and housed at Taronga Zoo, Sydney, until they were returned when conditions at TNR improved. Seven Platypuses were rescued, with five successfully housed at Taronga for 5 months. One Platypus was lost after escaping from its enclosure and another Platypus died when trapped in a crevice. The Platypuses were returned after water levels increased at TNR and were monitored for 500 days post-release, demonstrating successful repatriation. This case study outlines the key stages and considerations required for this intervention, providing critical information for rescue attempts on drought-affected Platypus populations. There is a need to continue developing a decision framework for interventions of climate-affected populations, including quantifying trigger thresholds and conservation prioritisation of populations. This will become increasingly necessary given the trajectories of habitat degradation, coupled with the increasingly frequent and severe droughts, expected under anticipated climate change scenarios.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"199-207"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planting native trees in degraded grassy woodland does not restore species composition","authors":"Peter W. B. Nichols,&nbsp;E. Charles Morris","doi":"10.1111/emr.12619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12619","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Restoration of degraded former Cumberland Plain Woodland by planting of native trees and shrubs was undertaken by Greening Australia (NSW) on the Cumberland Plain, west of Sydney, Australia, from the mid-1990s. Our study examined the success of this restoration in stands of two ages using species composition as the criterion. The starting point (pasture) and the target (reference woodland) were sampled to document the extent of progress of species composition from pasture through young (3–5 years) and old (9–11 years) restoration stands to reference woodland across three sites at two surveys. Comparisons showed restored stands of both ages differed significantly from pasture, and from each other, showing decreasing similarity between the restoration stands and pasture at all sites. Despite this, species composition in restored stands at all three sites was still significantly different from reference sites, showing that none had achieved the target reference state after 11 years. The trajectory of restored sites between the two surveys was not towards the reference state. Restoration resulted in the establishment of 20 (71%) of the planted species. Recruits from five planted species were found. A further 40 unplanted native ground layer species were found in restoration. Structurally, tree cover increased with time since restoration and was higher in the restored sites. Ground cover, which was very high in pasture was lower in some restored sites. The majority of the unplanted native species were resprouters, and their presence in the above-ground vegetation was most likely by vegetative resprouting from the bud-and-tuber bank as ground cover was lower with the increase in tree cover and shade. Tree and shrub planting by itself has not yet progressed the restored areas to the species composition of reference sites. Additional tools will be needed to assist restoration, specifically the addition of re-seeder native plants not able to persist through vegetative resprouting after restoration. Measures to control the burden of weeds present in the pasture seed bank are also required.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"189-198"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142862163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roadmap for improving coral reef restoration practices in Southeast Asia","authors":"Christopher Cvitanovic,&nbsp;Mari-Ann M. Acedera,&nbsp;Preciosa C. Samonte,&nbsp;Maria Vanessa Baria-Rodriguez,&nbsp;Patrick Cabaitan,&nbsp;Nguyen Thi Phuong Dzung,&nbsp;Nguyen Thanh Binh,&nbsp;Nguyen Hanh Luyen,&nbsp;Nguyen Khac Bat,&nbsp;Nam Anh Tran,&nbsp;Arif Wibowo,&nbsp;Mi Pingkan Katharina Roeroe,&nbsp;Umi Muawanah,&nbsp;Emma F. Camp,&nbsp;Kathryn M. Chartrand,&nbsp;Amy Diedrich,&nbsp;Ryan Donnelly,&nbsp;Cameron Bee,&nbsp;Michael Fabinyi,&nbsp;Abigail L. Scott,&nbsp;Ingrid van Putten","doi":"10.1111/emr.12615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12615","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Coral reefs directly support the well-being of millions of people across Southeast Asia, however, these critical ecosystems are also under immense pressure, threatening their sustainability. Coral reef restoration has emerged as a promising strategy to contribute to safeguarding these critical ecosystems and securing the socioeconomic benefits they provide to local communities across the region. In this paper, we present the outcomes of a week-long of deliberations between policymakers, research funders, practitioners and scientists from Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam and Australia, which identified four strategies for building improved capacity for coral reef restoration in Southeast Asia; (i) the creation of a learning network, (ii) addressing critical research needs, (iii) improved approaches to communication and engagement to diverse audiences and (iv) the establishment of sustainable funding mechanisms. These strategies are discussed in detail with a view of providing a roadmap to help support coral reef restoration processes across Southeast Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 3","pages":"160-167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12615","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Destocking waterways: Evidence that stocked Murray Cod (Maccullochella peelii) were extracted at pumped irrigation diversions within 24 hours of release","authors":"Joachim B. Bretzel,&nbsp;Craig A. Boys,&nbsp;Jerom R. Stocks,&nbsp;Meaghan L. Rourke,&nbsp;Chris Brauer,&nbsp;Lee J. Baumgartner","doi":"10.1111/emr.12607","DOIUrl":"10.1111/emr.12607","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Millions of native fish are entrained into irrigation pumps in Australian rivers every year. It is often assumed these fish are wild, but stocked fish may also be affected. During fish entrainment surveys at two pump intakes on the Macquarie River, New South Wales, a noticeable increase of entrained juvenile Murray Cod (<i>Maccullochella peelii</i>) was observed. DNA parentage analysis confirmed that a large proportion of these fish were linked to nearby fish restocking events. At both pump intakes, genetic analysis confirmed that at least 70% and 17% of the individuals sampled were stocked fish. This equated to up to 3% of the fish that were stocked – most of which were entrained less than 24 h after their release. Given the large number of unscreened irrigation pumps in this reach of river, and more broadly throughout the Murray–Darling Basin, fish losses at pump intakes have the potential to remove large numbers of stocked fish from the river where they are released to support native fish recovery and boost recreational fishing opportunities. The use of fish-protection screens at pump intakes may be a suitable solution to reduce the number of fish entrained and thus increase the survival of recently stocked fish in the rivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 2","pages":"93-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12607","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141783484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing biodiversity on private land: Directions for collaboration through reconciliation ecology","authors":"Wesley S. Ward,&nbsp;Colin (Max) Finlayson,&nbsp;Michael Vanderzee","doi":"10.1111/emr.12606","DOIUrl":"10.1111/emr.12606","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Natural resource management in Australia is beset with ‘wicked’ problems: diminishing biodiversity, increasing soil erosion, spreading soil salinity and global climate change all impact private landholders across rural Australia. These problems highlight the complexity of biodiversity conservation, and the need for inclusive, respectful approaches that enable the participation of rural communities, private landholders and government agencies to effectively manage biodiversity on public and private lands. To address these problems, some landholders, rural communities and other stakeholders are seeking evidence-based solutions through directly applicable research. In this paper, we identify current barriers to such research and highlight principles and processes for co-designing and managing research based on mutual trust, respect, power sharing and acceptance of various knowledge systems, as embodied in the theory of reconciliation ecology. We suggest that a ‘community of practice’ approach could assist in establishing effective deliberative relations as a basis for active collaboration in natural resource management research to address these complex problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"25 2","pages":"85-92"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12606","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}