Ecological Management & Restoration最新文献

{"title":"Effectiveness of the Biodiversity Management Contract Scheme in Supplying Stopover Sites With Food for Migratory Birds","authors":"Ju-Hyun Lee,&nbsp;Won-Suk Choi,&nbsp;Chang-Uk Park,&nbsp;Yang-Mo Kim,&nbsp;Ha-Cheol Sung","doi":"10.1111/emr.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Stopover sites are essential for migratory birds, offering opportunities to rest and refuel during migration. The quality of these habitats directly influences migration success, particularly for small passerine birds that depend on readily available food resources. However, high-quality habitats are often scarce at stopover sites. In the Republic of Korea, the Biodiversity Management Contract Scheme (BMCS) aims to enhance habitat quality by providing food resources through unharvested cultivated land (UCL). This study evaluated the effectiveness of BMCS on Heuksando Island, a major stopover site for migratory birds. We compared the number of species and individuals and habitat usage time of migratory birds in UCLs and control deserted lands (DLs). The results showed higher species richness and abundance in UCLs than in DLs, with buntings (family Emberizidae) being particularly numerous in UCLs. Additionally, habitat usage times were significantly longer in UCLs. While BMCS provides critical food and shelter for granivorous birds like buntings, the potential impacts on non-target species warrant further investigation. These findings showed the importance of BMCS in enhancing high-quality habitats for small migratory birds to feed and hide in, while also suggesting the need for a balanced approach to ensure broader biodiversity conservation.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historic Heritage Trees in the Red Gum Parks between Tocumwal and Swan Hill in the Riverina Bioregion of Southern Inland New South Wales, Australia","authors":"Michael J. Murphy","doi":"10.1111/emr.70006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70006","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Because of their long lifespan, trees can be a form of living cultural heritage. Culturally modified trees (CMTs) are tangible and spatially precise evidence of past methods of resource use and land management, illustrating how humans have interacted with and to varying extents shaped their local environment. Conservation reserves can be significant repositories of CMTs that have been lost from elsewhere in the landscape. This study aimed to document the types of historic heritage trees (historic-era CMT) occurring in the conservation reserves of an area in southern inland New South Wales, Australia, and to identify any threats. In total, 152 historic heritage trees dating from the 1860s–1990s were recorded. Twelve different CMT types are described, representing a variety of historical themes including the paddle steamer shipping industry, forestry, local land settlement and water resource management. Threats to the trees, in addition to their inevitable ageing and death, include fire, flood, river regulation, vandalism, road maintenance work, boundary clearing and illegal felling for firewood. This study provides an example of the diversity of historic heritage trees to be found in Australian conservation reserves and highlights how these trees can contribute to the appreciation of these reserves as historical cultural landscapes. There is an urgent need to conserve CMTs as well as the information relating to how they were used and what they represent before their cultural heritage features or the trees themselves are lost.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untangling Invasion to Address Restoration: Lower Nitrogen Levels Reduce Competitive Success of Arundo donax","authors":"Kelsey L. Dowdy,&nbsp;Randy Long,&nbsp;Carla M. D'Antonio,&nbsp;Tom L. Dudley,&nbsp;Joshua P. Schimel","doi":"10.1111/emr.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Riparian ecosystems in Mediterranean climates are pressured by nutrient enrichment and opportunistic plants, such as the large perennial grass <i>Arundo donax</i>. Arundo grows more with nitrogen (N) amendments and can outcompete native woody species in high-N conditions characteristic of intensive agricultural runoff, but its competitive dynamics at N levels characteristic of less intensive agriculture have not been assessed. Restoration efforts typically do not consider minimising conditions that make ‘invaders’ so successful in a given area, such as the range of upland N inputs; however, such distinctions may be important in identifying areas with higher chances of successful native plant restoration. Here, we addressed how different levels of N addition influenced competition between Arundo and a dominant native California woody species, <i>Salix lasiolepis</i> (Arroyo Willow), by simulating a post-flooding scenario: Arundo rhizomes are deposited and establish within Arroyo Willow stands and receive nitrate (NO₃⁻) from agricultural runoff. We added Arundo rhizomes to established Arroyo Willows in individual pots of riparian soil (in the greenhouse), and added NO₃⁻ weekly for 4 months at the following levels: no addition, low (24 g/m² year.⁻¹ N), or high (120 g/m² year.⁻¹ N). Arundo inhibited Arroyo Willow growth by 57% in high-N conditions, but did not inhibit Arroyo Willow in low- or no-N treatments. Across all treatments, Arundo had greater leaf N%, higher potential photosynthetic N use efficiency, but produced less root biomass than Arroyo Willow, suggesting that it dominated access to NO₃⁻ without needing to invest in root infrastructure. Arundo had similar net assimilation of CO₂ (A_net) as Arroyo Willow, but greater leaf biomass, increasing its photosynthetic potential. These findings suggest that upstream agricultural NO₃⁻ management can either enhance or constrain Arundo success. Plant restoration practices should prioritise whole watershed management of Arundo removal areas, integrating consideration of upstream N dynamics and runoff so as to limit NO₃⁻ inputs.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential of Mussel Habitat Enhancement to Alleviate Eutrophication in Nutrient-Enriched Estuaries","authors":"Alan Cottingham,&nbsp;Andrew Bossie,&nbsp;Fiona Valesini,&nbsp;Charles Maus,&nbsp;Sorcha Cronin-O'Reilly,&nbsp;James R. Tweedley,&nbsp;Eve Galimany","doi":"10.1111/emr.70004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70004","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Through altered freshwater flow regimes and excessive anthropogenic nutrient input, many estuaries around the world are showing signs of eutrophication. As shellfish can alleviate some of these issues through their water filtration capacity, shellfish habitat restoration efforts have increased markedly in the past decade. This study quantifies, for the first time, the water filtration capacity of the Black Pygmy Mussel <i>Xenostrobus securis</i> and the potential for habitat enhancement to alleviate eutrophication issues in a hypereutrophic estuary in south Western Australia. Substrate, comprising coir matting, was deployed by community volunteers in four-panel arrangements in the rivers of the Swan-Canning Estuary onto which <i>X. securis</i> recruited naturally. In the Swan River, average mussel densities were 3377 individuals m⁻², based on 10% mat coverage. River water comprised relatively high particulate organic matter (POM) concentrations, particularly in spring (up to 9.2 mg L⁻¹). Standardised clearance rates (CR; g⁻¹ mussel tissue) were typically greater (&gt; 5.0 L h⁻¹) in summer when chlorophyll <i>a</i> concentrations, salinities and water temperature were elevated, whereas CR was often &lt; 2.0 L h⁻¹ in early spring. In the Swan River, it was estimated that for every square metre of habitat enhanced, 9.2 × 10⁵ L of water could be potentially cleared during spring and 1.7 × 10⁶ L over summer, the latter incorporating 5.3 kg of organic matter into mussel biomass. On a larger scale, 1000 m² of deployed habitat over the course of summer has the potential to clear 24.5% of the volume of the tidal portion of the Swan River and 64.4% of the volume of the smaller Canning River. The results thus demonstrate the efficacy of using cost-effective soft substrates deployed by community volunteers to enhance habitat for mussels and its potential to assist in alleviating eutrophication issues.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143424285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid Uptake of Nest Boxes by the Endangered Greater Glider (Petauroides volans)","authors":"Ana Gracanin,&nbsp;Maaike Hofman,&nbsp;Stephen Willson,&nbsp;Jordyn B. Clough,&nbsp;Tyler Brown,&nbsp;Katarina M. Mikac","doi":"10.1111/emr.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The loss of hollow-bearing trees poses a critical threat to hollow-dependent species. Nest boxes as supplementary habitat have emerged as a conservation tool for certain species, but their use in providing habitat for Southern Greater Gliders (<i>Petauroides volans</i>), a heat-sensitive and hollow-dependent species, remains limited. This study investigates the uptake and use of nest boxes designed specifically for Greater Gliders in a postfire environment. Thirty nest boxes were installed at a site that experienced moderate to severe fire during the 2019/2020 bushfires. Four different nest box designs were investigated for their thermal properties, colonisation rates and usage patterns. The time for a nest box to be used by a Greater Glider was rapid, at an average of 34 days after time of installation. Continuous camera monitoring over the course of a year revealed 100% colonisation, with gliders consistently using nest boxes across seasons regardless of nest box design. We found that nest box design influenced internal temperatures, and the best performing nest box design (constructed of wood and without foil insulation) was on average 1.99°C cooler inside than ambient temperatures (on warm days equal to or above 20°C). In comparison, natural tree hollows in use by Greater Gliders at the study site, had a much greater thermal buffer (on average 7.32°C cooler than ambient temperatures on warm days). Observations of Greater Gliders sitting outside at the entrance hole of nest boxes during the day was linked to warmer temperatures, indicating Greater Gliders likely exited nest boxes to thermoregulate. This study identified a rapid acceptance of nest boxes by the Greater Glider and offered insights into the role of nest boxes as supplementary habitat to assist population recovery following the loss of hollow-bearing trees.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vegetative Propagation: A Tool to Enhance Conservation and Management of Xaxim (Dicksonia sellowiana), an Endangered Tree Fern","authors":"Daniela Ivana Paiva,&nbsp;Alison Paulo Bernardi,&nbsp;Miguel Busarello Lauterjung,&nbsp;Saimom Poczapski Noro Ribeiro,&nbsp;Giulia Fabrin Scussel,&nbsp;Igor de Carvalho Aguiar Rodrigues,&nbsp;Peggy Thalmayr,&nbsp;Adelar Mantovani,&nbsp;Maurício Sedrez dos Reis,&nbsp;Tiago Montagna","doi":"10.1111/emr.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Before starting any species conservation strategy, it is essential to know which is the most effective propagation method, even more so if it is about rare and/or endemic species. Our goal was to evaluate a method of vegetative propagation of xaxim (<i>Dicksonia sellowiana</i>), an endangered tree fern from the Atlantic Forest, under different light conditions. We conducted two experiments on an experimental farm in the Araucaria Forest domain. One experiment was installed under an Atlantic Forest canopy (shade), and the other was installed in an open area surrounded by a forest with direct sunlight (without shade). All individual plants were standardised in height and frond number by removing all fronds and removing lower trunk material where trunks were longer than 50 cm. We tested three different propagule treatments: whole propagule (1 propagule), propagules cut in half lengthwise (½ propagule) and propagules cut into four equal parts lengthwise (¼ propagule). Each experiment was conducted in a randomised complete block design with four replicates. We evaluated survival, total height and diameter at ground level 6 and 10 years after the implantation, as well as the increment in those years. For survival data, the interaction between shade condition and propagule manipulation method was nonsignificant (<i>p</i> = 0.256) (joint analysis of experiments), and survival rate was higher for shaded propagules (58%) when compared with propagules exposed to light (41%). Higher survival was also observed for whole plants (96%). The mean height obtained from the shade experiment was statistically different among the different propagule sizes in both measurements and in the increment. The use of whole plants for transplanting of xaxim propagules significantly increased their chances of development. We recommend the establishment of whole propagules in shaded environments to ensure greater efficiency in the transplant process of this species of tree fern. The use of whole, or partial, plant propagules for propagation expands the range of strategies that can be used for the management and conservation of xaxim.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of Recreational Hunting on an Introduced Population of Fallow Deer (Dama dama) in Tasmania, Australia","authors":"Sebastien Comte,&nbsp;Andrew J. Bengsen,&nbsp;Thomas Botterill-James,&nbsp;Chris Brausch,&nbsp;Sally L. Bryant,&nbsp;Catherine R. Dickson,&nbsp;Rowena Hamer,&nbsp;David G. Hamilton,&nbsp;James Seaman,&nbsp;Pip Taylor,&nbsp;David M. Forsyth","doi":"10.1111/emr.70001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70001","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Non-native deer populations are increasing in many parts of the world. Recreational hunting has commonly been advocated as a method for reducing deer population densities on private land, but there have been few robust evaluations of its effectiveness. We quantified the impacts of recreational hunting on a population of non-native fallow deer (<i>Dama dama</i>) on a private conservation reserve in Tasmania, Australia. We used a grid of 64 motion-sensitive cameras to estimate seasonal deer population density for three consecutive years. Recreational hunters recorded their hunting effort (date and duration of hunts), deer seen, and deer killed, and used a GPS to record where they hunted. Throughout the three-year period, deer density remained between 3.95 and 4.96 deer per km², well above the mean 2.7 deer per km² estimated for Tasmania. The 28 hunters killed a total of 128 deer (33 males, 87 females and 8 unknown) during 306 hunts. The annual harvest comprised 21%–26% of the total deer population (28%–38% of the female population). During the four-week ‘buck’ season (March), hunters exhibited more selective hunting behaviour characterised by frequent hunts that targeted mostly antlered males with low catch per unit effort (0.03 deer killed per hour). In contrast, the 8-month antlerless season (March–November) was characterised by a more opportunistic hunting behaviour with fewer hunts and a higher catch per unit effort (0.11 deer killed per hour). Our results show that the current regime of recreational hunting is not reducing the population. If landowners decide to rely on recreational hunting to reduce deer densities on their properties, more deer, especially females, need to be harvested annually. Changes to regulations that increase the number of deer harvested should be considered in parallel with greater incentives for recreational hunters to harvest more females. Other deer control methods, such as helicopter-based shooting and professional ground-based shooting, are likely to provide faster and greater reductions in the densities of non-native deer populations than recreational hunting while non-lethal management should be considered for local asset protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of Kangaroo Grass (Themeda triandra Forssk.) Establishment Methods in Temperate Australia","authors":"Marne Durnin,&nbsp;Suzanne Prober,&nbsp;Petra Marschner","doi":"10.1111/emr.12622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12622","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Kangaroo grass (<i>Themeda triandra</i> Forssk.) is a widespread summer-active native tussock grass that has been removed from many ecosystems through overgrazing, absence of fire or changes in land use. This review of kangaroo grass establishment trials in temperate Australia shows that it can be established from seed, but success varies depending on season, preparation of the area to be sown, sowing rates and methods, and especially on controlling competition from other plants until the kangaroo grass is large enough to suppress them. Controlling exotic plants before sowing kangaroo grass using physical, ecological or chemical methods has been effective but is often not enough to allow the kangaroo grass to establish well. Exotic plants emerging from the soil seed or bud bank after kangaroo grass emerges, have led to project failures or prevented kangaroo grass from thriving. Research will help us learn how to control exotic competitors, especially which methods to use and when. Furthermore, most methods of establishing kangaroo grass have been suited to small areas of up to several hectares, and broadacre methods need research and development. Given that seed is typically expensive or in short supply, efficient use of seed is essential; better ways to label, clean and sow the seeds of kangaroo grass are needed. The provenance of kangaroo grass seed is also important when used for ecological restoration as, broadly, plants with two chromosome sets (i.e., diploid) are better adapted to cooler/wetter regions and plants with four chromosome sets (i.e., tetraploid) are more suited to hotter/drier areas.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring Riparian Vegetation in Urban Areas With Sentinel-2 Satellite Imagery","authors":"Samuel Hislop,&nbsp;Mariela Soto-Berelov,&nbsp;Sacha Jellinek,&nbsp;Yung En Chee,&nbsp;Simon Jones","doi":"10.1111/emr.12624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12624","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Riparian vegetation is important for biodiversity, creates habitat for various fauna and provides vital ecosystem services such as flow regulation, water filtration, uptake, transformation and cycling of minerals, nutrients and organic matter. These ecological functions and processes contribute to the health of waterways. In many urban and semiurban areas, riparian vegetation is subject to degradation pressures such as land clearing for urban development, altered hydrological regimes due to modified catchment land cover and runoff patterns and other human-induced disturbances. Monitoring riparian vegetation cover and condition is vital for informing effective management. This can be achieved via detailed field assessment; however, this is often costly, time and labour intensive and extremely difficult to undertake across large regions such as an entire stream network. This study examines the utility of medium-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite imagery for monitoring riparian vegetation across the Greater Melbourne region, Australia. The paper demonstrates several examples of how spectral trends from Sentinel-2 imagery (2019–2023) can be used to provide insights, which are expected to improve over time as more data become available. We also assessed the potential of combining Sentinel-2 imagery with field observations to model riparian vegetation conditions. Using 425 field observations and a series of Sentinel-2–derived predictor variables, a Random Forest regression model was developed to model riparian vegetation condition. The model explained 53% of the variance in the data. Although the spatial resolution of Sentinel-2 (10 m) is a limitation when working with narrow riparian vegetation corridors, our methods demonstrate it can be used to help prioritise areas for protection and/or enhancement and identify areas that may be at risk of further degradation. This can assist waterway managers to prioritise field activities such as restoration and revegetation, and the control of key weeds and browsing animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.12624","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lessons Learned From Direct Seeding to Restore Degraded Mountains in Cauca, Colombia","authors":"Sergio Esteban Lozano-Baez,&nbsp;Anna Morio,&nbsp;Barbara Bonnet,&nbsp;Paula Díaz Valderrama,&nbsp;Oscar Alirio Castillo Sánchez,&nbsp;Julián Ricardo Tintinago Trujillo,&nbsp;Harvey Marín Paladines,&nbsp;Margarita Flórez,&nbsp;Elcy Gómez,&nbsp;Francisco José Medina,&nbsp;Paula Meli","doi":"10.1111/emr.12625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.12625","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Direct seeding is a technique frequently used to restore degraded lands worldwide. Direct seeding is attractive to restore degraded lands mainly because of its low cost compared to planting seedlings. However, this technique has been poorly studied in tropical mountains. Here, we investigated the outcomes of direct seeding at four degraded sites in the Andean mountains of Cauca, Colombia. We used 45 native tree species, most of them commonly used in restoration projects in the Andean region of Colombia. After 150 days of sowing, we evaluated seedling emergence, survival and establishment costs. Performance of direct seeding was markedly different across sites. Most species had low seedling emergence, with Guayaba (<i>Psidium guajava</i>) and Matachande (<i>Bocconia frutescens</i>) showing the highest emergence. Species with large seeds showed higher emergence compared with medium and small seeds. Seedling density was considerably variable among sites, ranging from 496 to 5550 ind. ha⁻¹. Our results evidence the need for long-term monitoring at mountain restoration sites and that restoring tropical degraded mountains using direct seeding is a challenge that can be complemented with native tree planting. Further research is required to explore the advantages and disadvantages of direct seeding in mountain terrain.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}