Ecological Management & Restoration最新文献

{"title":"Improving Survivorship and Dispersal Outcomes for Small-Scale Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) Translocations: A Case Study From Port Macquarie, New South Wales","authors":"Stephen Phillips,&nbsp;Cheyne Flanagan","doi":"10.1111/emr.70019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Processes of koala recovery will require reintroductions into parts of the species' former range and/or supplementation of other populations to assist their longer term viability. In this study, six wild-caught and three rehabilitated koalas were translocated into a new habitat area. The area into which the translocated koalas were introduced was not the subject of significant habitat use by other koalas at the time of their introduction, and a soft-release protocol that temporarily confined translocated individuals to a tree species known to be preferred for feeding purposes was also employed. Based on the results of a short-term radio-tracking programme, the translocation was deemed successful given no mortalities (including the survival of pouch young known to be present at initial capture), minimal movements away from the release site and rapid commencement of home-ranging behaviours. Male koalas ranged greater distances from their respective release sites than did female koalas. One subadult male koala moved approximately 1.6 km from the release site over a period of 5–6 weeks following release but subsequently returned. Koala activity across the area known to be utilised by the translocated koalas at the time of collar removal was monitored benignly using Spot Assessment Technique sampling at 250 m intervals for the ensuing 3 years, during which time koala activity remained dynamic but statistically constant, implying longer term survival and maintenance of site fidelity by the translocated koalas. The protocols utilised for this translocation are likely to provide a useful tool for future small-scale koala translocation programmes where reintroductions or population supplementation is required.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144705358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peri-Urban Deer Control Is Challenging: Three Case Studies and Strategies for Improved Outcomes","authors":"Ami Bennett,&nbsp;April M. Gloury,&nbsp;Sally Lambourne,&nbsp;Sam Gilbert,&nbsp;Rhyl Shaw,&nbsp;Sandie Czarka,&nbsp;Naomi E. Davis,&nbsp;Joe Greet","doi":"10.1111/emr.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Introduced deer are threatening Australia's natural values. Deer control is increasingly being implemented to reduce deer populations and mitigate their impacts. However, control programmes are expensive and challenging, particularly in peri-urban and agricultural landscapes. We present assessments of three typical deer control programmes from peri-urban/agricultural Victoria, south-eastern Australia. We assess programme effectiveness in reducing deer activity by using faecal pellet counts and/or camera traps, provide reflections from researchers and land managers on the potential reasons for programme successes, or lack thereof and highlight potential changes in programme strategies to improve outcomes. Ground-shooting by volunteer and/or contractor shooters removed primarily sambar (<i>Cervus unicolor</i>) in two programmes (Tarago State Forest, 2022–2023; and Jumping Creek catchment, 2017–2022), and both sambar and fallow deer (<i>Dama dama</i>) from the third programme (Yellingbo Nature Conservation Reserve, 2014–2019). In general, the deer control programmes did not reduce deer activity or impacts. Deer control was often too spatially restricted, and the frequency or intensity was insufficient to remove an adequate number of deer to reduce overall activity and subsequent impacts. Deer populations also often moved away from locations subject to control. Deer control is particularly difficult in fragmented peri-urban and agricultural landscapes due to deer immigration and emigration, and the logistical challenges of operating in a multi-tenure environment. To be effective, programmes need to be applied at appropriate spatial scales, monitored and adaptively managed. Community consultation and engagement is essential in peri-urban and agricultural areas to enable coordinated control across different land tenures, supported by adequate resourcing. Monitoring is critical to determine control effectiveness and enable programmes to be adaptively managed. Building on the successful collaborations and lessons learnt from previous control programmes, future programmes need to be more strategic and well-resourced to enable land managers to tackle the increasing threat posed by introduced deer in Australia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Deer Demonstrate Species-Specific Niche Habitat Selection in the Australian Alps","authors":"E. D. McCarthy,&nbsp;C. E. Grueber,&nbsp;T. M. Newsome","doi":"10.1111/emr.70017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70017","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Australia's invasive deer populations continue to expand in abundance and distribution, yet there is limited information on their movement patterns and habitat preferences. This inhibits the prioritisation of areas for control and conservation protection. We tracked 20 fallow deer (<i>Dama dama</i>), 5 red deer (<i>Cervus elaphus</i>), and 14 sambar deer (<i>Rusa unicolor</i>) to characterise their seasonal movement and habitat preferences in alpine and sub-alpine southeastern Australia. Autocorrelated kernel density estimated annual home ranges (km² ± SE) averaged 226.9 ± 54.3 for male, and 55.1 ± 46.5 for female fallow deer, 70.2 ± 35.5 for female red deer, and 25.3 ± 4.0 for male, and 80.7 (one individual) for female sambar deer. Red and sambar deer were mainly restricted to eucalyptus forest/woodland (97% of fixes for sambar, 92% for red) and native grassland (2% of fixes for sambar; 8% for red). Fallow deer, however, were more generalist, and used comparatively less eucalypt forest/woodland (73%), spending more time in cleared areas (14%), and native grasslands (13%). Seasonal resource selection functions (RSFs) showed that, relative to eucalypt forest/woodland, fallow deer preferred cleared land for all seasons except summer, heathland for all seasons except winter, and inland aquatic areas in summer. All species tended to inhabit higher elevations in summer (average: 1517 m ASL for fallow; 1709 m ASL for red; 1463 m ASL for sambar), and lower elevations in winter (average: 1344 m ASL for fallow; 1483 m ASL for red; 1102 m ASL for sambar). Additionally, seasonal RSFs showed that red deer exhibited a preference for higher elevations within their available range in every season except winter, when they preferred lower elevations. Of concern, we found that sambar deer showed a preference for previously burnt areas in autumn (53% of fixes) and spring (89% of fixes), preferring areas with low to moderate and high-severity fire damage. Prioritising areas for control and conservation should be informed by deer movement and habitat preferences, and differences in such preferences between the three species studied herein suggest the need for tailored approaches for control to be effective in reducing their numbers and impacts on ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144598297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To Breed or Not to Breed? An Examination of Reproductive Success of Translocated Eastern Quolls","authors":"Jessica A. Morrison,&nbsp;Rob Brewster,&nbsp;Christopher P. Burridge,&nbsp;David G. Hamilton,&nbsp;Peter A. Harrison,&nbsp;Alex S. Kutt,&nbsp;Rowena P. Hamer","doi":"10.1111/emr.70014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70014","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Conservation translocations are increasingly important for threatened species management. Translocations can achieve a range of positive conservation outcomes, such as recovering or expanding the range of a threatened species or increasing the size and genetic diversity of a population. The eastern quoll—a mesopredator extirpated from mainland Australia and declining across the island of Tasmania—is a species in need of conservation intervention, with captive to wild translocation at the forefront of current management techniques. However, efforts thus far have focused on reintroduction onto mainland Australia, rather than addressing the ongoing declines experienced by extant Tasmanian populations. To begin combatting declines of Tasmanian populations, a trial reinforcement of a wild eastern quoll population was conducted in November 2020 using 20 individuals from captive populations. This trial aimed to determine whether reinforcement could bolster population size and genetic diversity, reducing the likelihood of the population entering an extinction vortex. Following the reinforcement, we assessed the contribution of translocated adults to the subsequent cohort by genotyping both local and translocated adults, as well as juveniles born the following season. This allowed us to infer juvenile parentage and assess the contribution of translocated adults to the subsequent generation. We found that none of the genotyped juvenile cohort (<i>n</i> = 20) were conceived from translocated adults. Possible explanations include incomplete sampling of the juvenile cohort, age, naivety, intraspecific competition and increased rates of mortality or dispersal of translocated adults relative to the local population.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Permits: A Review of Coastal Wetland Restoration Approvals in Victoria","authors":"Phebe I. Rowland,&nbsp;Paul E. Carnell,&nbsp;Melissa Wartman","doi":"10.1111/emr.70015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The restoration of coastal wetlands or ‘blue carbon ecosystems’ will be an essential tool for achieving climate change mitigation and biodiversity targets entrenched in policies at all levels of government. Despite increasing demand for coastal wetland restoration projects across the public and private sectors, the implementation and scalability of blue carbon projects in Australia remain limited. This study aimed to characterise the permits and approvals for coastal wetland restoration projects in the Australian state of Victoria and to evaluate the effectiveness of existing legislative pathways for enabling restoration at scale. We found there were 22 separate permits and approvals across local, state and federal levels of government that may be required to carry out coastal wetland restoration projects in Victoria, excluding specific permissions associated with National Parks, marine reserves and state forests. These depend on restoration activities and land tenure as well as Planning Scheme zoning and overlays. The complexity of permitting and approval processes has been a key barrier to the widespread implementation of coastal wetland restoration projects in Victoria. We highlight the need to streamline existing legislation, advocating general permits for restoration activities in areas with high coastal wetland restoration potential. We suggest refinements to state government risk assessment methodologies and highlight the need for incentives and long-term funding to reduce financial uncertainty and advance coastal wetland restoration projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144300502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practitioners' Perspectives on the Effectiveness of Restoration Methods for Southern Australia's Arid Ecosystems","authors":"Joseph Stapleton,&nbsp;Shane R. Turner,&nbsp;David Warne,&nbsp;Singarayer Florentine","doi":"10.1111/emr.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Restoration of arid vegetation is an essential and difficult task, making the selection of the right methods for restoration an important choice. One way to determine which methods would be most effective is by accessing the accumulated knowledge of restoration practitioners, which is often unreported in the scientific literature. This study created an online survey asking questions of practitioners on the effectiveness of different methods for arid restoration, including how effective they are at promoting restoration and their financial and labour inputs. The survey was distributed to arid restoration practitioners within Australia, with a focus on the southern areas, and found that the methods most commonly used are ones that appear most effective at promoting restoration and are generally the most highly recommended. The cost and labour input did not correlate with the most used or most recommended method, suggesting that these are secondary factors and are not necessarily the most important concerns for the survey respondents. While mechanical direct seeding was indicated to have lower financial and labour inputs, both it and hand-planting were indicated to be similar in restoration ability and were both highly recommended. Grazing control methods and chemical weed control were also indicated to be effective at restoration, likely due to damage that grazing and weed competition can inflict upon plantings. Pre-seeding treatments were found to be both effective at restoration and have low labour and cost requirements, making them one of the most highly recommended methods. Soil amendments, such as water-holding gels and biochar, despite being low-to-moderate in terms of cost and labour input, were not indicated to be effective at restoration and were subsequently not highly recommended. Though some general trends could be found, respondents also commonly pointed out that the choice of methods will often depend on the site-specific conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Production to Protection: The Role of Land for Wildlife in Private Land Conservation in Southeast Queensland","authors":"Marilyn Shrapnel,&nbsp;Claudia Baldwin,&nbsp;Lee Kannis-Dymond","doi":"10.1111/emr.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In an attempt to combat the long-term trend in habitat loss in Australia, a nation-wide focus has encouraged conservation on private property through nonbinding voluntary programmes, such as Land for Wildlife programmes, and legally binding covenants, such as Voluntary Conservation Agreements. This research aimed to identify factors involved in landholder motivations for, and commitments to such programmes. We report on results of interviews (including property walks) and personality assessments of 31 landholders registered for the Land for Wildlife (LfW) programme in three Local Governments in Southeast Queensland, Australia. Personality (both temperament and character dimensions), as well as experiential learning through Land for Wildlife, played a role in developing pronature conservation behaviour, commitment to, and connectedness to nature on property. We make suggestions for resourcing and content of the LfW programme, including adequate allocated funds, stability and continuity of staff, frequent regular events involving a variety of activities with different modes of interaction, and opportunities for the development of social relationships with other registrants as well as Land for Wildlife officers (i.e., a Land for Wildlife community).</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144232233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desktop Method to Map and Assess Environmental Impacts of Formal and Informal Mountain Biking Trails in an Urban National Park","authors":"Isabella Smith,&nbsp;Catherine Marina Pickering","doi":"10.1111/emr.70011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70011","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recreational trails, including informal trails created by visitors, have a range of ecological impacts, but mapping and assessing these impacts can be expensive and time-consuming. It is increasingly possible to harness publicly available data posted by park visitors to fitness platforms and combine it with other spatial and field data to help prioritise management actions and enhance conservation and visitor experiences. Here we outline and then apply such a desktop methodology to assess the extensive network of formal and informal mountain biking trails in a popular urban national park in Australia. Across Nerang National Park on the Gold Coast, 31.4 km of formal and 36.2 km of informal mountain bike trails were identified and assessed using data from the popular fitness platform Trailforks and existing trail records from managers. Informal mountain biking trails were mostly in the higher and more remote parts of the Park on steeper slopes and were generally less popular than the formal trails closer to the main entrance. The informal trails have resulted in the loss of 0.8% of vegetation, increased fragmentation and potentially disturb wildlife across 13% of the Park, with some informal trails traversing an important wetland catchment. The results demonstrate the scale and nature of potential impacts of informal trails, which have doubled the area of trails in Nerang National Park. They highlight the need for specific management actions, such as closing and restoring informal trails, particularly when poorly designed and in areas of high conservation value.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143822288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Faith and Feathers: How Seventh-Day Adventism Shapes Traditional Knowledge of the Vanate (Raggiana Bird of Paradise) along the Kokoda Track","authors":"Challis Pulotu,&nbsp;Eric Katovai,&nbsp;Peter Lineham,&nbsp;Hollen Mado,&nbsp;Patrick G. Pikacha","doi":"10.1111/emr.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indigenous Peoples, Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and cultural spiritual associations, including religions, have recently gained acceptance as making important contributions to conservation practice, decision-making and science. The decline of TEK in the Pacific and Papua New Guinea (PNG) has highlighted the need to examine how modern faiths, like Christianity, which is the most prevalent in the Pacific, might aid or impact conservation that was previously guided by TEK. Along the Kokoda Track in Central Province, PNG, we assessed the impact of the Seventh-day Adventist church on the Indigenous Koiari People and their knowledge of the endemic Vanate (Raggiana Bird of Paradise, <i>Paradisaea raggiana</i>), which is PNG's national emblem. Two focus group discussions (four and five respondents respectively) and 39 in-depth interviews were conducted with Indigenous Koiari People. We collected information regarding the impact of Adventism on TEK, Vanate conservation and the environment in general. We assessed six adult age cohorts across four villages (including representatives of 17 Tribes/clans) of men and women along the Kokoda Track. Most respondents, especially men, claimed that Adventism had caused a decline in TEK and values and altered conservation practices and diet. We found that Adventist faith encouraged the Indigenous Koiari People to protect the Vanate and its environment by not eating it; however, this was at the expense of TEK, traditional conservation practices and language. However, Koiari People were found to still hunt the Vanate, largely to generate income from their feathers, which were still used in cultural dancing and important for tourism. This research is useful for conservation decision-making and practice as it highlighted the changing motivations underlying conservation, gendered responses and identifies ways for scientists and policymakers to collaborate, accept and incorporate Indigenous People, their religious beliefs and practices for conservation of birds like the Vanate.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143786787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What’s the Best Way to Store Toxic 1080 Baits?","authors":"Heather M. Crawford,&nbsp;Ricarda Fenske,&nbsp;Gerard Smith,&nbsp;Teen Ryan,&nbsp;Jamie (Frog) Taylor,&nbsp;Daniel Carlisle,&nbsp;Debbie Dowden,&nbsp;Dean Butcher,&nbsp;Tracey L. Kreplins,&nbsp;Jim Miller,&nbsp;Malcolm Kennedy,&nbsp;Patricia A. Fleming","doi":"10.1111/emr.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/emr.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Being able to store toxic baits could allow livestock producers to target ‘hot spots’ of predator activity, supplementing or even replacing broadscale baiting, therefore avoiding potential risk of bait-resistant populations. We compared 1080 dose recovered from dried meat baits (DMB; camel, horse and kangaroo) and sausage baits stored by different methods (shed, locked transport box, freezer, cryo-vacuumed) to identify whether they were still lethal, and address concern that freezing/thawing could result in loss of the water-soluble 1080 toxicant. We developed a bait collection method to halt microbial activity (preserving 1080 dose), allowing collection of baits manufactured under field conditions by five regional Recognised Biosecurity Groups according to their own schedule and methods. We assayed 351 baits (including 43 negative control baits, i.e., no toxicant), just over half (54%) of which were manufactured by us, using consistent meat masses, 1080 doses, and drying methods. For freshly manufactured baits, there was good consistency in bait manufacture, with no significant difference in recovered 1080. For stored baits, there was no effect of time on recovered 1080 for up to 2 months (maximum length of study), indicating different storage methods were equally effective in maintaining lethal baits. Manufactured sausage baits contained significantly more 1080 than DMB manufactured for this study, and showed substantial variability in recovered 1080 dose, which could reflect gun handling error. Storage in a locked transport box resulted in marked insect damage, likely rendering baits unattractive to target species. Freezing baits did not result in reduced 1080 dose. The majority (93%) of deployed/stored baits had a lethal 1080 dose recovered (13/192 baits were below the LD₅₀ for a 20 kg dingo). Dry shed storage is prescribed as best practice, but freezing baits does not reduce their toxic dose. Future testing for longer durations of storage would be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":54325,"journal":{"name":"Ecological Management & Restoration","volume":"26 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/emr.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143762020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}