Spanish Journal of Psychology最新文献_第7页

The Influence of Psychosocial Factors according to Gender and Age in Hospital Care Workers. 医院护理员心理社会因素对性别、年龄的影响

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2023-03-21 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2023.1

Germán Cañavate, Isabella Meneghel, Marisa Salanova

{"title":"The Influence of Psychosocial Factors according to Gender and Age in Hospital Care Workers.","authors":"Germán Cañavate, Isabella Meneghel, Marisa Salanova","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2023.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2023.1","url":null,"abstract":"Even though psychosocial risks can affect the entire working population regardless of demographic variables, multiple publications claim that women are more exposed to psychosocial risks and that psychosocial risks affect people in a different way, depending on their age. This study aims to investigate demographic differences (i.e., sex and age) in health care workers, with an aim which is twofold: (i) To know if these geographic differences lead to differences in perception of psychosocial risks; and (ii) to identify the job demands and resources with the highest impact on work engagement and performance. A sample of 4,451 people from the sanitary sector, pertaining to 75 Spanish hospitals, was analyzed to test the hypotheses. ANOVA results demonstrated that women show significantly higher impact values in job demands than men, as well as higher values in job resources. Moreover, the group of younger people (< 40 years) showed significantly lower levels in demands, and significantly higher in job resources, wellbeing, and organizational outcomes. Finally, multi-group SEM analyses showed that the impact of job demands and resources on work engagement and performance is significant, regardless of sex and age, although there are changes in the coefficients. The differences in the perception of job demands and resources of the different demographic groups can be used to develop specific psychosocial intervention in health care workers.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":"26 ","pages":"e1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2023-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9156707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Executive Functions and Improvement of Thinking: An Intervention Program to Enhance Deductive Reasoning Abilities. 执行功能与思维的改善:一项提高演绎推理能力的干预计划。

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.26

Juan Antonio García-Madruga, Isabel Orenes, José Óscar Vila Chaves, Isabel Gómez-Veiga

{"title":"Executive Functions and Improvement of Thinking: An Intervention Program to Enhance Deductive Reasoning Abilities.","authors":"Juan Antonio García-Madruga, Isabel Orenes, José Óscar Vila Chaves, Isabel Gómez-Veiga","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.26","url":null,"abstract":"Empirical and theoretical advances and application to society are moved at different speed. Application work is frequently developed later because it requires the integration of knowledge from different research areas. In the present paper, we integrate literature coming from diverse areas of research in order to design a deductive reasoning intervention, based on the involved executive functions. Executive functions include working memory (WM)'s online executive processes and other off-line functions such as task revising and planning. Deductive reasoning is a sequential thinking process driven by reasoners' meta-deductive knowledge and goals that requires the construction and manipulation of representations. We present a new theoretical view about the relationship between executive function and higher-level thinking, a critical analysis of the possibilities and limitations of cognitive training, and a metacognitive training procedure on executive functions to improve deductive reasoning. This procedure integrates direct instruction on deduction and meta-deductive concepts (consistency, necessity) and strategies (search for counterexamples and exhaustivity), together with the simultaneous training of WM and executive functions involved: Focus and switch attention, update WM representations, inhibit and revise intuitive responses, and control the emotional stress yielded by tasks. Likewise, it includes direct training of some complex WM tasks that demands people to carry out similar cognitive assignment than deduction. Our training program would be included in the school curriculum and attempts not only to improve deductive reasoning in experimental tasks, but also to increase students' ability to uncover fallacies in discourse, to automatize some basic logical skills, and to be able to use logical intuitions.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":"25 ","pages":"e32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10360801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Verbal Behavior Analysis of Expert and Inexperienced Therapists Applying the Socratic Method 运用苏格拉底方法分析专家与新手治疗师的言语行为

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.14

R. Pardo-Cebrián, Ana Calero-Elvira, M. C. Guerrero-Escagedo

引用次数: 0

Start even Smaller, and then more Random. Comment on “Start Small, not Random: Why does Justifying your Time-Lag Matter?” by Yannick Griep, Ivana Vranjes, Johannes M. Kraak, Leonie Dudda, & Yingjie Li 开始更小，然后更随机。从小事做起，而不是随机:为什么证明你的时差很重要?作者:Yannick Griep, Ivana Vranjes, Johannes M. Kraak, Leonie Dudda和Yingjie Li

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-06-15 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.16

C. Dormann

引用次数: 0

Women’s Risk Perception and Responses to Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion: The Role of Type of Tactic, Previous Experience, and Myths Acceptance 女性对亲密伴侣性胁迫的风险感知和反应：策略类型、先前经验和神话接受的作用

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-06-09 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.15

Marta Garrido-Macías, Inmaculada Valor-Segura, Francisca Expósito

{"title":"Women’s Risk Perception and Responses to Intimate Partner Sexual Coercion: The Role of Type of Tactic, Previous Experience, and Myths Acceptance","authors":"Marta Garrido-Macías, Inmaculada Valor-Segura, Francisca Expósito","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.15","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sexual coercion is among the subtlest forms of sexual violence in an intimate relationship and sometimes goes unnoticed by victims. The present study analyzed factors that potentially mitigate women’s negative perceptions of intimate partner sexual coercion (IPSC). A total of 427 women completed an online survey, in which they were shown vignettes illustrating a growing risk of sexual coercion according to the perpetrators’ use of different coercive tactics. Participants replied to questions that reflected their risk perception, their perceptions of perpetrator behavior, and the probability of their leaving the relationship. The survey also queried their previous IPSC experience, and their degree of acceptance of sexual aggression myths. According to the results, women exposed to positive (vs. negative) verbal sexual coercion (VSC) condition decided to leave the abusive situation later (risk response), presented a longer time lag between the moment they recognized the risk and the moment they responded to it, perceived the perpetrator’s behavior as more acceptable and excusable, and were less likely to leave the relationship. Finally, greater myth acceptance and previous IPSC experience predicted a lower probability of leaving the relationship, due to delayed risk responses and to perceiving the perpetrator’s behavior as more acceptable and excusable. This was true regardless of the type of coercive tactic used by the perpetrator. The results highlight the need to consider the type of coercive tactic, previous experience, and myths acceptance as risk factors that may impede a woman to adequately perceive and respond to an intimate partner’s sexual violence.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48891730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Spanish Validation of the Assessment of Recovery Capital Scale in Clinical Population with Alcohol Use Disorder 酒精使用障碍临床人群康复资本量表评估的西班牙验证

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-03 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.12

A. Sión, R. Jurado-Barba, Laura Esteban-Rodríguez, F. Arias, G. Rubio

{"title":"Spanish Validation of the Assessment of Recovery Capital Scale in Clinical Population with Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"A. Sión, R. Jurado-Barba, Laura Esteban-Rodríguez, F. Arias, G. Rubio","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Recovery from alcohol use disorder involves achieving certain resources for positive lifestyle changes, well-being, and long-term abstinence. The present study aims to translate and validate the Assessment Capital Recovery (ARC) in a Spanish clinical sample of individuals with alcohol use disorder, in abstinence. The participants were 184 patients who attended outpatient treatments. They were evaluated with the adapted version of the ARC (Spanish abbreviation: “Valoración del Capital de Recuperación, VCR”) and by WHOQOL-BREF (quality of life scale), in one session. Statistical analysis included the calculation of reliability, convergent validity (relationship with WHOQOL-BREF), specificity and sensitivity, as well as validity based on internal structure (confirmatory factor analysis). VCR scores show appropriate values for reliability (α = .90), and a low convergent validity with WHOQOL-BREF (Rho = .33–.53). The VCR appears to distinguish between patients with early and stable sobriety (χ2 = 20.55, p < .01). The ROC curve indicates significant discrimination values (p < .05) for stable recovery (5 years of abstinence) and sensitivity of 85.2% and specificity of 71.2%. Further, confirmatory factor analysis suggests the presence of a single factor, with relatively acceptable values of goodness of fit and factor loadings. We used ULS parameter estimation to study VCR properties, an appropriate tool for assessing recovery in clinical populations of individuals with alcohol use disorder in abstinence.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48376358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Describing Callous Unemotional Traits and Stressful Life Event Trajectories: Differences on Risk Factors and Mental Health Outcomes from the Age of 3 to 10. 描述冷酷无情特质与压力生活事件轨迹:3 ~ 10岁儿童心理健康结果与风险因素的差异

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.13

Natalia Pueyo, José-Blas Navarro, Núria De La Osa, Eva Penelo, Lourdes Ezpeleta

{"title":"Describing Callous Unemotional Traits and Stressful Life Event Trajectories: Differences on Risk Factors and Mental Health Outcomes from the Age of 3 to 10.","authors":"Natalia Pueyo, José-Blas Navarro, Núria De La Osa, Eva Penelo, Lourdes Ezpeleta","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.13","url":null,"abstract":"Callous Unemotional (CU) traits are associated with different environmental risk factors, such as negative stressful life events (SLE). The most common studied SLE associated with CU trait has been childhood maltreatment, but less is known about how other SLE impact the development of CU traits. Therefore, this work examines risk factors, personal factors (executive functioning), and mental health outcomes associated with the trajectories of Callous Unemotional (CU) traits and Stressful Life Events (SLE) in a community sample of children. A cohort of 377 preschoolers were followed up between ages 3 and 10. Several risk factors and outcomes for three trajectory groups (high CU/SLE; high CU/low SLE; and the reference group with low CU/SLE) were analyzed by using multiple post-hoc comparisons. We hypothesized that children with high CU/SLE would face more contextual risk factors, more executive functioning difficulties and more mental health problems than children with high CU/low SLE or the reference group. At the age of 3, children who showed high CU/SLE faced more early contextual adversity, including socioeconomic difficulties and maternal antisocial behavior than the other groups of children. At the age of 10, children with high CU/SLE presented more peer problems and higher psychopathology symptoms than the reference group, but no differences on mental health outcomes in comparison to the high CU/low SLE group. These results have potential implications for clinical practice and studies attempting to identify different CU subtypes in children.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":"25 ","pages":"e17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9765953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transcultural Validation of the Nordic Age Discrimination Scale for the Spanish-Speaking Working Populations 北欧年龄歧视量表对西班牙语工作人口的跨文化验证

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-28 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.10

Carlos-María Alcover, G. Nazar, Mariana Bargsted, Raúl Ramírez-Vielma, Ninfa Pulido, L. Rodriguez

{"title":"Transcultural Validation of the Nordic Age Discrimination Scale for the Spanish-Speaking Working Populations","authors":"Carlos-María Alcover, G. Nazar, Mariana Bargsted, Raúl Ramírez-Vielma, Ninfa Pulido, L. Rodriguez","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.10","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Negative stereotypes about older workers can result in different types of age discrimination. The aim of this study was to run a transcultural adaptation and validation of the Nordic Age Discrimination Scale (NADS) into Spanish. Three independent samples of Chilean (N = 301), Colombian (N = 150), and Spanish (N = 209) workers over the age of 45, from different sectors and professional categories, answered a questionnaire including the NADS scale, measures of perceptions of inequality, workplace harassment and several scales related to outcome variables to test criterion and construct validity. The reliability index for the NADS was .85, a similar value for both Cronbach’s alpha (α) and McDonald’s omega (ω). CFA by country suggest good fit of this single-dimension structure in a final version of 5 items, and it presents scalar invariance; using the modification indices, partial invariance is achieved at the level of the variance of the errors. Both criterion and construct validity were verified, with strong evidence for criterion validity, and moderate results for construct validity. Therefore, the Spanish version of NADS had a single-dimension structure and adequate psychometric properties being a useful tool in measuring perceptions of age discrimination in different countries.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43445143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Study of Positive and Negative Affect and Neurocognitive Functioning in Adolescents 青少年积极、消极情绪与神经认知功能的研究

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-11 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.9

Rebeca Aritio-Solana, E. Fonseca-Pedrero, A. Pérez-Albéniz, O. Mason, J. Ortuño-Sierra

{"title":"Study of Positive and Negative Affect and Neurocognitive Functioning in Adolescents","authors":"Rebeca Aritio-Solana, E. Fonseca-Pedrero, A. Pérez-Albéniz, O. Mason, J. Ortuño-Sierra","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main purpose of the present work was to study neurocognitive performance of adolescents at risk for emotional difficulties. The sample included a total of 1,509 adolescents from stratified random cluster sampling. Derived from this sample, a group of high-risk (n = 92) and a comparison group (n = 92) were selected based on the short version of the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) for comparison on the University of Pennsylvania computerized neuropsychological test battery for children (PENN). A Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was performed taking the scores on the PENN as dependent variables and the two groups derived from the scores of the PANAS (at risk vs. comparison) as a fixed factor. Adolescents at high risk of presenting affectivity problems showed statistically significant differences in several different neurocognitive domains, in accuracy, λ = .820, F (9, 160,000) = 3.913, p < .01, partial η² = .180; speed, λ = .502, F (5, 88,000) = 17.493, p < .01, partial η² = .498; and efficiency, λ = .485, F (4, 89,000) = 23.599, p <.01, partial η² = .515. The high risk group showed lower neurocognitive performance than the comparison group. In addition, a positive statistically significant correlation was found between all the neurocognitive competences (p < .05). Results found in this study reveal that neurocognitive impairments can be shown in adolescents at psychometric high risk for emotional problems before transition to more severe psychological problems.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45681725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Disentangling Emotions during the Coronavirus Outbreak in Spain: Inner Emotions, Descriptive Feeling Rules and Socioemotional Conventions 西班牙冠状病毒爆发期间的混乱情绪：内心情绪、描述性感觉规则和社会运动惯例

IF 2.3 4区心理学

Spanish Journal of Psychology Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.1017/SJP.2022.7

Amparo Caballero, Sergio Villar, Itziar Fernández, Verónica Sevillano, Pablo Gavilán, P. Carrera

{"title":"Disentangling Emotions during the Coronavirus Outbreak in Spain: Inner Emotions, Descriptive Feeling Rules and Socioemotional Conventions","authors":"Amparo Caballero, Sergio Villar, Itziar Fernández, Verónica Sevillano, Pablo Gavilán, P. Carrera","doi":"10.1017/SJP.2022.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2022.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract For constructionism, language is the link among different levels of analysis of emotional events, from individual to interpersonal and macrosocial. The interaction among these emotional levels allows us to construe an emotional episode and label it with an emotion word, coordinate with the emotions perceived in others, and represent events as a society. Across two studies, we found similarities and differences among inner emotions experienced (individual level), emotions perceived in others (descriptive feeling rules, interpersonal level) and emotions shared on the internet (socioemotional conventions, macrosocial level), with all these emotional targets focused on the COVID–19 outbreak. The results indicate a similarity between the emotional meaning of COVID–19 in society and the descriptive feeling rules, whereas the reported inner emotions were clearly distinct: Joy was irrelevant at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels but clearly important at the individual level. A mismatch also appeared for fear and hope. While fear was the most predominant emotion at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels during most of the phases, it was moderately predominant at the individual level. Hope followed the opposite pattern, being the most relevant emotion at the individual level but less relevant at the interpersonal and macrosocial levels. Each level might have different consequences: Mixed emotions at the individual level might promote resilience; fear perceived in other people might motivate protective behaviors; and sadness socially shared during Christmas might generate greater empathy. These results support the complexity of emotional concepts and the suitability of exploring them at different levels of analysis.","PeriodicalId":54309,"journal":{"name":"Spanish Journal of Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2022-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49393420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0