Natural Resources Research最新文献

{"title":"Geochemical Characteristics and Hydrocarbon Generation and Expulsion of Oligocene Yacheng Formation Source Rocks in the Northern Yinggehai Basin","authors":"Yanan Wang, Zhipeng Huo, Gaowei Hu, Jianxiang Pei, Lin Wei, Lin Hu, XiaoFei Fu, Weihong Wang, Jianbo Gao, Jingshuang Luo, Jiansheng Li","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10439-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10439-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As natural gas exploration and research progress, the Yinggehai Basin has achieved notable advancements and discoveries regarding middle-deep strata in recent years. Due to insufficient exploration in the Northern Yinggehai Basin, the previous studies primarily concentrated on the Miocene reservoirs with lack of research attention on the Oligocene Yacheng Formation (E₃y) source rocks. A comprehensive evaluation of the E₃y source rocks, encompassing hydrocarbon generation, expulsion characteristics, and resource potential, is lacking, thereby hindering further exploration in the study area. Utilizing the geological and geochemical data of E₃y, the hydrocarbon generation and expulsion model was developed. For the first time, a division of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion amount into gas and oil amount is proposed, comprising generated and expelled gas amount, as well as generated and expelled oil amount. The findings suggest that the sedimentary facies of E₃y primarily consisted of delta plain swamp facies and neritic facies, influencing the development of coal-bearing source rocks and marine mudstones. The coal-bearing source rocks exhibited limited thicknesses and areas. During the early to late Oligocene, there was a gradual increase in thickness and area of the marine mudstone. The source rocks exhibit a notable presence of organic matter, with total organic carbon contents ranging from 19% to 95% for coal and 0.12% to 12.6% for mudstone, predominantly composed of type III, and display high maturity indicated by vitrinite reflectance values ranging from 2.0% to 5.0%. At 0.8%, R_o reached the hydrocarbon expulsion threshold, resulting in generated and expelled amounts of 677.73 × 10⁸ t and 441.14 × 10⁸ t, respectively. The generated gas amount, generated oil amount, expelled gas amount and expelled oil amount are 651.2 × 10⁸ t, 30.15 × 10⁸ t, 442.63 × 10⁸ t, and 5.95 × 10⁸ t, respectively. Employing the genetic method, the gas and oil resources of E₃y were estimated at 3.28 × 10⁸ t and 0.46 × 10⁸ t, respectively. This indicates that the Northern Yinggehai Basin presents favorable conditions for exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"122 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Prediction of Deep Potential Ores and its Explanation Based on Integration of 3D Geological Model and Numerical Dynamics Simulation: An Example from Dongguashan Orefield, Tongling Copper District, China","authors":"Feihu Zhou, Liangming Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10430-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10430-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The complex geological architecture, complicated dynamics processes and nonlinear association in mineral systems are the major intrinsic hindrances to predictive mineral exploration. For effectively overcoming such difficulties to achieve credible prediction, 3D geological modeling, numerical dynamics simulation (NDS) and machine learning (ML) were applied to characterize the complex geological architecture, to replay the complicated dynamics processes and to predict mineralization-favor spaces by extracting nonlinear association of multi-features with mineralization in the Dongguashan orefield. The method of SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was used to explain the correlations between different features and mineralization in the predictive model. The results of the 3D geological modeling revealed that the orebodies are unevenly distributed around the intrusion and closely related to the features of the intrusion’s contact zone and wall rocks. The 3D distribution of resistivity can provide some evidence to infer underground geological architecture rather than a threshold to separate orebodies from wall rocks. The NDS results showed that dilation zones developed around the intrusion and within some beds, being closely associated with the known orebodies. By applying the most popular ML algorithm, random forest, and combining different geological, geophysical and dynamics features as evidence variables, eight ML models were run to predict potential orebodies. The predictive model performance on the test samples indicates that the integration of dynamics evidence with geological evidence significantly improves the predictive capacity of the ML model. The SHAP values demonstrate that volumetric strain is the most important feature, while the inclination of the contact zone has the greatest positive contribution to the predictions. The SHAP values of variable interactions indicate that complex intrusion contact zones and low-pressure, high-dilation areas are closely related to mineralization. The 3D ML prediction evidenced synthetically by geological, geophysical and geodynamical features demonstrates that there are substantial potential ores at depth of the northern east and southern east parts of the orefield.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142884235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Temperature Oxidation Characteristics and Apparent Activation Energy of Pressurized Crushed Coal Under Stress Loading","authors":"Tingxiang Chu, Chunxi Wu, Boning Jiang, Tianru Zhu, Xi Zhang, Yuexia Chen, Lei Li","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10444-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10444-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With increasing mining depth, coal is more affected by ground and mining stresses. In order to study the characteristics and activation features of coal spontaneous combustion (CSC) under different stress conditions, experiments on low-temperature oxidation under six different stress conditions were conducted using a newly developed multi-field loading and permeability experimental device for stress-loaded and crushed coal. The experimental results showed that, with increase in axial stress from 0 to 15 MPa, the amounts of CO, CO₂, C₂H₄ generated and the rate of oxygen consumption all first followed an increasing trend, reached maximum at 9 MPa, and then a decreasing trend. In three temperature stages—I (20 ℃ &lt; <i>T</i> &lt; 80 ℃), II (90 ℃ &lt; <i>T</i> &lt; 120 ℃), and III (120 ℃ &lt; <i>T</i> &lt; 150 ℃)—all under increasing axial stress from 0 to 15 MPa, the apparent activation energy (AAE) followed a decreasing and then relatively increasing trend. The AAE in all three temperature stages reached a minimum of 9.60 kJ mol⁻¹, 60.57 kJ mol⁻¹, and 19.61 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively, at 9 MPa. Combining the characteristics of gas generation, oxygen consumption, and changes in AAE during the low-temperature oxidation of stress-bearing crushed coal, it was found that stress loading to a certain extent promotes the occurrence of CSC.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142879957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineral Prospectivity Mapping and Differential Metal Endowment Between Two Greenstone Belts in the Canadian Superior Craton","authors":"J. R. Harris, J. Strong, P. Thurston, K. Nymoen, R. Haugaard, M. Naghizadeh, G. Tuba, P. Behnia, E. Grunsky, J. Ayer, R. Smith, R. Sherlock, A. Reza-Mokhtari","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10432-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10432-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mineral prospectivity maps were produced for gold in two greenstone belts in the Superior geological province in Ontario, Canada, as part of the Metal Earth Project in the Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario. These maps, created using the random forest machine learning algorithm, cover the well-endowed Matheson area, which is in the Abitibi sub-province, and the less fertile Dryden area, which is in the Wabigoon sub-province. Newly identified areas for follow-up gold exploration are associated with major faults and 3D geophysical data comprising resistivity, density and susceptibility data. In addition, observations not used in mineral prospectivity mapping based on magnetotelluric, seismic and isotopic data may in part describe why the Matheson greenstone belt is more fertile with respect to gold mineralization than the Dryden greenstone belt. These observations suggest that the Matheson area has major transcurrent faults associated with conductive zones that reach the surface, many of which are associated with deeply penetrating, vertical faults. The isotopic signature of the Matheson crust also suggests it is juvenile, whereas the Dryden area is older.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Mine Blasting Safety: Developing Intelligent Systems for Accurate Flyrock Prediction through Optimized Group Method of Data Handling Methods","authors":"Xiaohua Ding, Mahdi Hasanipanah, Masoud Monjezi, Rini Asnida Abdullah, Tung Nguyen, Dmitrii Vladimirovich Ulrikh","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10445-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10445-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flyrock, the unintended projection of rocks during mining blasts, poses significant safety risks and potential damage. Predicting flyrock is essential for implementing safety measures, minimizing injuries, preventing equipment and structural damage, optimizing blast plans, reducing downtime, and saving costs. Accurate predictions mitigate hazards, improve operational efficiency, and ensure the safety of workers and surrounding infrastructure. This study explored and developed hybrid methods for predicting flyrock using the group method of data handling (GMDH). Four swarm-based algorithms—particle swarm optimization (PSO), artificial bee colony (ABC), ant colony optimization (ACO), and whale optimization algorithm (WOA)—were combined with GMDH to enhance prediction accuracy. Additionally, a k-fold cross-validation method was applied to the datasets to improve reliability. The accuracy of these methods was evaluated using various statistical functions, such as Nash–Sutcliffe coefficient and Willmott's index, along with R-squared correlation (R²) graphs, half-violin plots, and quantile–quantile plots. The R² values for the WOA–GMDH, ACO–GMDH, ABC–GMDH, and PSO–GMDH models were 0.99, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.96, respectively. The WOA–GMDH method yielded the most accurate results, demonstrating superior performance when combined with GMDH. Furthermore, the performance of the WOA–GMDH model was compared with models developed in the literature using the same database, confirming its effectiveness. Sensitivity analysis identified that, in WOA–GMDH modeling, the powder factor as the most significant parameter while the spacing parameter was the least significant. The ACO–GMDH method exhibited the narrowest uncertainty band; whereas, the PSO–GMDH method had the widest, indicating the highest level of uncertainty.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurement and Prediction of Blast-Induced Flyrock Distance Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Metaheuristic-Optimized ANFIS Neural Networks","authors":"Hoang Nguyen, Nguyen Van Thieu","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10443-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10443-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Flyrock from blasting in open-pit mining is one of the most dangerous occurrences that can cause accidents to workers, damage to machinery and equipment and even fatalities. Therefore, quick and reliable prediction of blast-induced flyrock distance (BIFRD) in open-pit mines is very crucial to ensure the safety of the surrounding environment. In this study, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology combined with advanced artificial intelligence techniques was used to predict BIFRD in open-pit mines and improve safety. UAV was used to record blasting operations and the resulting flyrock. The distance of the flyrock was then measured from the recorded video footage and was analyzed using the ProAnalyst software. Then, various metaheuristics-optimized ANFIS (adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system) was developed to predict BIFRD. These networks were optimized using adaptive differential evolution with optional external archive (JADE), genetic algorithm (GA), fireworks algorithm (FWA), and artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithms and resulted to JADE–ANFIS, GA–ANFIS, FWA–ANFIS, and ABC–ANFIS models. A dataset with 204 blasting events was gathered and analyzed, and finally, only four input variables were used for developing these models, including spacing, weight charge, stemming, and powder factor. The results showed that JADE–ANFIS is the best with high accuracy (97.8%), good generalizability (MAPE of 1.1%), and reasonable training time for predicting BIFRD in this study. The other models performed poorly with accuracy ranging from 88.7 to 96.5% and MAPE ranging from 1.4 to 3.0%. Sensitivity analysis also showed that the length of stemming is the most affecting factor to flyrock distance in blasting and thus careful consideration should be given in designing blast patterns to control flyrock distance in open-pit mines.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism and Models of Nano-Confined Slip Flow of Shale Oil","authors":"Ren-Shi Nie, Jing-Shun Li, Jian-Chun Guo, Zhangxin Chen, Jingcheng Liu, Cong Lu, Fan-Hui Zeng","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10440-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10440-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The flow of shale oil in nano-scale rock pores follows the slip flow regime, in which the flow velocity at the nanopore walls is not zero. The nano-scale effect of the boundary layer renders the slip flow effect in the nanopores non-negligible. In this study, the slip flow mechanism of shale oil in nanopores was reviewed. The nano-scale effect of the boundary layer renders the slip flow effect in the nanopores non-negligible. The slip length and flow enhancement factor are the primary parameters used to evaluate the slip effect. The main factors influencing the slip effect were then analyzed, including the fluid properties, nanopore properties, pressure gradient, and temperature. Additionally, three slip flow models for shale oil in circular, elliptical and slit nanopores were reviewed. Moreover, a modification method for the shape factor is introduced to evaluate the slip effect of irregular nanopores. The general conclusions regarding the mechanism and models of slip flow in shale oil are summarized as follows: (1) Slip flow of shale oil occurs predominantly in nanopores due to scale effects and stronger internal interaction forces among alkane molecules. (2) The influence of slip flow is more pronounced in organic nanopores than in inorganic nanopores. (3) Significant slip flow effects are observed with larger slip lengths and flow enhancement factors. (4) Our analytical models indicated that slip flow effects are more pronounced with smaller hydraulic diameters. (5) The effects of slip flow are more pronounced in nanopores with irregular geometric shapes. Lastly, recommendations for future research are proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142858474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Process Description and Initiation Criteria of Coal and Gas Outbursts Based on Energy Principles","authors":"Hongqing Zhu, Erhui Zhang, Yan Wu, Mingyi Chi","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10435-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10435-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An energy criterion model of coal and gas outbursts was established to study the energy conversion mechanism. Ideal gas law was utilized to establish a correlation between dissipated energy (i.e., energy dissipated during outbursts) and accumulated energy (potential energy leading to outbursts) in gas-containing briquettes. This relationship, along with the expression for the energy criterion, was derived from the deformation of briquettes under load, which led to instability and eventual failure expulsion. Hence, physical simulation experiments on coal and gas outbursts were conducted to analyze the energy conversion mechanism and to determine the change law of the initiation energy criterion index for outbursts. Besides, energy conditions were verified for the initiation of coal and gas outbursts. Potential energy includes the expansive deformation energy of adsorbed gas desorption, the expansive deformation energy of free gas, the elastic potential energy of gas-bearing briquettes under the stored load, and the gravitational potential energy work of unstable coal. Besides, the dissipation energy of outbursts included coal-crushing energy and coal-throwing power. The potential energy-to-dissipation energy ratios of outbursts were 1.07 and 1.04 in two groups of experiments. These values greater than 1 surpassed the threshold of the activation energy criterion, resulting in coal and gas outbursts. The firmness coefficient and Poisson's ratio of coal were negatively correlated with the energy criterion index, while the elasticity modulus, density, and initial velocity of gas emissions were positively correlated with the energy criterion index. The five experimental parameters (i.e., initial gas pressure, coal amount, maximum principal stress, average velocity of coal outbursts, and falling height of unstable coal) were positively correlated with the energy criterion index. The findings provide further insight into the mechanism of coal and gas outbursts, establishing a basis for their control, prevention, and dynamic warning systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Large-Scale Water Transfer Projects on the Ecological Flow and Its Value of Rivers in the Water-Receiving Area: Case Study of the Han River-to-Wei River Water Transfer Project","authors":"Zihan Guo, Ni Wang, Yin Li, Zheng Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10441-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10441-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Han River-to-Wei River Water Transfer (HWWT) Project not only brings evident economic benefits to the water-receiving areas but it also generates ecological flow value (EFV) by indirectly supplementing river flows. However, the EFV resulting from water transfer is often overlooked due to its indirect nature, and traditional methods tend to overestimate it due to a lack of consideration of value growth thresholds. This paper proposes a research system to address these issues, scientifically quantifying the EFV increment after water transfer. Taking the Xianyang–Lintong river segment in the water-receiving area of the HWWT as an example, we present a holistic approach guided by river ecological issues to determine the suitable ecological flow (SEF) for the river, using it as the growth threshold for EFV. Subsequently, based on water resource allocation, changes in river flow and their relative percentages to SEF (SEF satisfaction) before and after water transfer were analyzed. Finally, an ecological value model based on SEF was employed to estimate changes in river EFV. The results indicate that the distribution of SEF varied throughout the year, correlating with the monthly water requirements of key ecological functions in the river. After water transfer, SEF satisfaction notably improved across all months except excessively wet periods. In drier years, river EFV increased significantly, reaching 31.31% at 95% flow frequency. The water purification, hydrologic cycle, sediment transport and biological diversity, contributed the most to EFV. This study provided new insights and methodologies for assessing EFV increments and formulating ecological compensation standards in the water-receiving areas after water transfer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"118 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142809751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Geochemical Anomalies Using a Memory-Augmented Autoencoder Model with Geological Constraint","authors":"Tonghui Luo, Zhongli Zhou, Long Tang, Hao Gong, Bin Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11053-024-10433-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-024-10433-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The identification and mapping of geochemical anomaly patterns have emerged as a more precise and efficient approach for mineral exploration, with deep learning algorithms being extensively employed in this realm. However, existing methodologies require further investigation regarding model interpretability and correlation with established mineral control factors. This paper proposes a regional geochemical anomaly identification method based on the memory-augmented autoencoder (MemAE), incorporating geological controlling factors. Firstly, the MemAE model is introduced to address the excessive generalization capability of the traditional autoencoder (AE) model. Secondly, utilizing multifractal singularity theory, a nonlinear functional relationship between faults and mineral deposits is established. This relationship reveals the controlling effect of faults on mineralization and it is incorporated as a constraint term in the MemAE's loss function. Finally, the constructed geochemical anomaly identification model is employed to delineate prospective mineralization areas, with comparative studies conducted on AE, MemAE, and geologically constrained MemAE models. The results demonstrate that the geologically constrained MemAE exhibits superior performance, achieving an AUC of 0.802. The eight delineated mineralization prospective areas show strong concordance with actual distributions. The proposed method, which considers geological controlling factors, effectively enhances model interpretability and demonstrates excellent geochemical anomaly identification capabilities. Consequently, this approach can be considered a viable methodology for mineral exploration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"24 5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142805443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}