Natural Resources Research最新文献

{"title":"Opportunities and Challenges for Assessing Critical Mineral Resources Potential Using Legacy Drilling Results, Cave Peak Porphyry Mo Deposit, Texas, USA","authors":"Collin P. Hoffman, J. Richard Kyle","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10484-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10484-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Eocene Cave Peak intrusive complex in western Texas was the site of a major exploration program in the late 1960s, principally for Mo in a porphyry mineral system. Although neither Texas nor the US federal government have protocols for the archiving of data and materials resulting from private sector exploration programs, much of the Cave Peak exploration results has been preserved through a fortuitous series of events. This information was utilized to construct modern 3D geological and mineralization models, serving as an example of the opportunities and challenges of working with legacy data. In addition to Mo and Cu, the Cave Peak system is enriched in the critical raw materials Nb, W, Sn, REE, and F. Despite the limitations and uncertainties of geological and resource models constructed from incomplete and problematic legacy information, such models may serve to accelerate new exploration and evaluation activities for diverse targets in similar geologic terranes. This information may provide an invaluable starting point for current assessments of the US critical mineral resources toward supply chain security.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143866664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Data-Driven Approach for Exploring Unconventional Lithium Resources in Devonian Sedimentary Brines, Alberta, Canada","authors":"Xiaolong Peng, Zhuoheng Chen, Chunqing Jiang, Wanju Yuan, Jiangyuan Yao","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10461-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10461-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithium-rich (Li-rich) sedimentary brine has emerged as a valuable unconventional resource, driven by the blooming global market, advancements in direct extraction technologies, and a lower environmental impact compared to traditional mining methods. However, resource delineation and estimation remain challenging due to inefficient field sampling and unreliable correlations between Li concentration ([Li]) and environment-sensitive geochemical indicators. Supported by public data and newly acquired measurements of water chemistry for Alberta Devonian brines, we developed a cutoff-based data-driven approach to extract Li-rich environmental characteristics in the probability domain to predict [Li] levels at locations with water chemistry data but without [Li] measurements. The approach relies solely on commonly available geospatial (coordinates, stratigraphic position) and geochemical features, including contents of total dissolved solids (TDS) and cations of Na, K, Mg, and Ca. Validated against about one hundred Li-labeled samples measured after May 2022, the approach achieved a minimum precision and accuracy of 97% and 84%, respectively, for predicting three [Li] cutoff levels (i.e., &gt; 35 mg/L, &gt; 50 mg/L, and &gt; 75 mg/L). It was subsequently applied to predict [Li] levels of formation water from 897 different locations with legacy water chemistry data. The results align spatially with observed trends of Li-rich brines in Alberta Devonian formations and expand resource delineation and estimation capabilities to areas and formations with limited [Li] data availability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Different CO2/N2 Mixing Ratios on Anthracite Pore Structure Evolution","authors":"Zhaolong Ge, Xinyu Wang, Xinguo Yang, Wenyu Fu, Xinge Zhao, Yunzhong Jia","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10492-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10492-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Injecting mixed gas (CO₂/N₂) into coal seams is an effective method to realize a win-win situation of CO₂ sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane (ECBM) recovery. The ratio of gas mixtures is a critical factor in pore structure evolution. In this study, we used high-pressure saturated systems to examine the effects of different gas mixture ratios on anthracite. The pore structure and mineral content of the CO₂/N₂-treated coal samples were analyzed by LP-N₂ (low-pressure N₂ adsorption), NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance), SEM (scanning electron microscopy), and XRD (X-ray diffractometry). The results of NMR and LP-N₂ showed that the coal samples’ pore volume, specific surface area, porosity increased after CO₂/N₂ treatment. The XRD analysis revealed that mineral consumption was dependent on CO₂ partial pressure and phase state (especially supercritical state). N₂ on the micropore and mesopore was mainly for high-pressure compression, prompting the closure of micropore and transforming mesopores to micropores; on the macropores and microfracture, it was mainly dilatation. This significantly alters pore roughness and complexity and leads to a shift in pore morphology from ink-bottle to slit type. Mineral dissolution, high-pressure compression, and pore throat unblocking were mainly responsible for the pore structure evolution under CO₂ and N₂ synergistic injection. The highest porosity and micropore volume were obtained when treating coal samples with CO₂: N₂ ratio of 8:2. Therefore, this ratio is expected to be optimal for implementing long-term gas mixture-ECBM and geologic CO₂ sequestration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating SHAP Explainability in Few-Shot Lithology Identification Using Dynamic Semi-Supervised Meta-Learning","authors":"Hengxiao Li, Youzhuang Sun, Sibo Qiao","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10491-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10491-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lithology classification is a crucial task in geological exploration, playing a significant role in oil and gas exploration as well as mineral resource development. However, traditional supervised learning methods rely heavily on large amounts of labeled data, and obtaining labeled well-logging data is both costly and time-consuming, significantly limiting their widespread application. To address this issue, this paper proposes a dynamic semi-supervised meta-learning with SHAP (DSSMLS) method, which achieves efficient and accurate lithology classification under limited labeled data conditions. DSSMLS adopts a meta-learning framework to enable rapid generalization using only a small number of labeled samples. It further integrates a semi-supervised learning strategy to leverage unlabeled data and enhance the model’s generalization ability. To mitigate the error accumulation issue commonly associated with traditional pseudo-labeling methods, DSSMLS incorporates a dynamic pseudo-label generation and prototype correction mechanism, which adaptively refines class prototypes to improve the stability of classification decisions. Additionally, the model integrates attention mechanisms, to enhance feature extraction from well-logging data. To improve model interpretability, DSSMLS combines SHAP (SHapley Additive ExPlanations) analysis to quantify the influence of key well-logging parameters on classification decisions. This study conducts experiments using well-logging data from the Tarim Basin oilfield in China. Experimental results demonstrate that DSSMLS significantly outperforms baseline models.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143846436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microscopic Occurrence Mechanism of Shale Oil in Saline Lacustrine Shale: Insights from NMR and Micro-CT Combined with Saturated Oil, Centrifuged and Solvent Extraction Experiments","authors":"Xiaobiao He, Qun Luo, Xin Li, Zhenxue Jiang, Chenggang Liang, Zhaoxuan Qiu, Yingyan Li, Yuan Deng","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10486-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10486-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The occurrence mechanisms of shale oil in saline lacustrine basins are complex, and accurately quantifying the state of occurrence and assessing mobility present significant challenges, impeding deeper insights into the enrichment processes of shale oil. To comprehensively elucidate the occurrence mechanisms of continental saline lacustrine basin shale oil, and to clearly define the advantageous lithofacies and pore types under stratigraphic conditions, a range of experimental techniques including field emission scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, multi-interval stepped pyrolysis, nuclear magnetic resonance, and micro-computer tomography scanning were utilized. These were integrated with saturated oil, centrifugation, and organic extraction experiments to systematically analyze the occurrence mechanisms and their influencing factors in the Lucaogou Formation. The findings were as follows: (1) Influenced by terrestrial inputs, fluctuations in lake levels, and saline water bodies, high-organic laminated feldspathic lithic fine sandstone, high-organic massive arenaceous dolomite, and high-organic laminated dolomitic siltstone form the dominant lithofacies of “sweet spots” in the Lucaogou Formation, primarily featuring inter-crystalline pores–dissolution pores and residual inter-granular pores–dissolution pores types as the main reservoir spaces. (2) Shale oil reservoirs display “full-scale oil-bearing” characteristics, with adsorbed oil predominantly located in micropores and mesopores, peaking at approximately 10 nm, while free oil is chiefly found in mesopores and macropores, with a general peak diameter around 100 nm. (3) Free and adsorbed oils exhibit differing flow properties across various mineral composition pore structures. Isolated and enclosed pores, having accumulated substantial quantities of shale oil, are crucial for future recovery rate improvements. (4) Based on the controlling factors of shale oil occurrence, a mechanism of hydrocarbon generation and accumulation model matching the upper and lower “sweet spots” mineral compositions, reservoir space types and sizes, and thermal maturation hydrocarbon generation effects with shale oil occurrence was established. These results enhance the understanding of the micro-scale occurrence characteristics and control mechanisms of shale oil in saline lacustrine basins, offering new insights into the differential enrichment mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"121 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic Behavior and Damage Failure Mechanisms of Coal Samples Subjected to Single Impact Loading","authors":"Siqing Zhang, Xiaofei Liu, Zhoujie Gu, Xin Zhou, Xiaoran Wang, Ruilin Tan","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10488-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10488-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effect of varying strain rates on the dynamic behavior and damage mechanisms in coal. We employed the split Hopkinson pressure bar to conduct dynamic unconfined compression tests on coal samples. This involved obtaining the coal samples dynamic mechanical properties and failure characteristics. We performed analyses on the extent of impact damage before and after testing, leading to the development of a dynamic damage constitutive model based on strain rates. The findings demonstrated the clear nonlinearities in the dynamic stress–strain curve, segmented into three phases: linear elasticity, plastic yield, and post-peak softening. In both low and high strain rate scenarios, the observed peak stress, strain, kinetic and dissipation energy exhibited a phased linear growth. The coal sample exhibited two macroscopic fracture modes: axial splitting under low strain rates and pulverization under high strain rates. The degree of coal fragmentation rose, and the size of the shattered pieces decreased as the strain rate increased. Based on wave velocity tests, the damage to coal samples at lower strain rates rose exponentially. Combined with fractal dimension analysis, it was evident that the damage dimension of coal samples under high strain rates rose linearly. A constitutive model for coal samples was built, adjusted, and validated against experimental findings, establishing a connection between parameters <i>F</i>₀, <i>m</i>, and strain rate. It was confirmed that the model’s fitting degree may reach 0.9. This study helps to elucidate the damage mechanisms in coal samples under strain rate change from low to high.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Rock to Fiber: The Mechanical Properties of Continuous Rock Fibers","authors":"Yixuan Ma, Zeshi Guo, Jimin Fu, Xiongyu Xi, Pengcheng Ma, Xungai Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10483-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10483-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The mechanical properties of continuous rock fiber (CRF), particularly its elastic modulus and tensile strength, are essential requirements for the ever-increasing applications of this material. Studies on CRF have primarily focused on its application in fiber-reinforced composites, with much less emphasis on the analysis of the fiber structure–property relationship. This review summarizes and discusses the current experimental approaches, theories, models, and parameters in different production stages (geochemistry, rock screening, melting, cooling, and fiber drawing) that would affect the elastic modulus and tensile strength of CRF. For the current research results, the general debate is the trade-off between the network structure and defects in the tensile strength of CRF. The study of elastic modulus functions as the fundamental of tensile strength, as the former can be explored regardless of certain defects, only considering the microstructure of the network, local atom coordination and bonding, whereas the latter can be studied beyond characterizing the defects. The limitations of current methods include theories for crystals and stable substances, which may not be applicable to metastable monofilaments or complex CRF glasses. Experimentally, in situ testing is difficult for fibers in certain procedures that cause permanent damage. Machine learning (ML) and molecular dynamics (MD) can compensate for the lack of experimental data, reduce the effects of operational procedures, provide structure-based information, and reflect the combined effects of multiple input features. An ongoing approach should be based on a solid understanding of conventional models and improvements in standardized experimental and MD datasets incorporated with ML methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143836640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning-Driven Analysis of Petrophysical Dynamics in Pay Zone Quality and Reservoir Characterization","authors":"Changsheng Deng, Yongke Wang, Weiwei Mi, Xiaofei Xie, Xining Sun, Hamzeh Ghorbani","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10490-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10490-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Precise characterization of reservoir rocks, particularly regarding porous media properties such as porosity, pore throat permeability, and fluid saturation, is essential for efficient hydrocarbon extraction and management. Traditionally, these properties have been assessed through core sampling and well log analysis. However, the data obtained from point-by-point measurements using these methods are often not generalizable to the entire reservoir's porous media due to the inherent heterogeneity of reservoir rocks, spatial variability, and limited sampling intervals, resulting in significant uncertainty in extrapolation. Recent advancements in data-driven techniques offer promising solutions to overcome these limitations, enhancing the predictive accuracy and interpretive power of petrophysical data. This study investigated the application of leading deep neural network algorithms to model the complex relationships between petrophysical characteristics and porous media properties derived from core samples. Using a dataset comprising 3549 records from three wells in a Middle Eastern oilfield, the research demonstrated the effectiveness of long short-term memory (LSTM) models in capturing nonlinear patterns often overlooked by traditional methods. Principal components analysis (PCA) was used for feature reduction, highlighting key parameters such as medium resistivity (RES-MED), compressional-wave velocity (<i>V</i>p), and the reservoir quality index (RQI) as significant factors influencing reservoir quality. The LSTM model outperformed conventional models, achieving exceptional accuracy with MAE = 0.0001, RMSE = 0.0091, and <i>R</i>² = 0.9856. These findings underscore the potential of machine learning/deep learning models to reduce reliance on labor-intensive core sampling, streamline reservoir characterization, and provide more efficient, cost-effective methodologies for evaluating reservoir quality and optimizing hydrocarbon recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143827684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coal Pore Structure Evolution Under Drying–Wetting Cycle","authors":"Yikang Liu, Haiyan Wang, Huiyong Niu, Shuwen Xing, Gongda Wang, Zhenxing Zhou, Yanxiao Yang, Xiaolu Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10481-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10481-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process of dry–wet cycling in coal mining areas exerts a more pronounced degrading effect on coal pores compared to prolonged water immersion, and it enhances the tendency of coal spontaneous combustion. To investigate the fractal characteristics of coal during dry–wet cycling and the evolutionary changes in its overall pore structure, various pore properties were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy, CO₂ adsorption, low-temperature N₂ adsorption, and mercury intrusion porosimetry. The results revealed that with post dry–wet cycling, coal exhibited increased porosity and rougher surface texture. Notably, the apparent porosity of coal after secondary dry–wet cycling reached 24.68. While the type of coal pores remained unchanged across different aperture ranges, there was noticeable increase in cumulative pore volume within the 100–220 nm and 1000 nm aperture segments. Moreover, the primary drying–wetting cycle coal demonstrated the highest cumulative pore-specific surface area and volume within the 0–100 nm pore size range. Interestingly, the drying–wetting cycle did not lead to the formation of micropores in the &lt; 2 nm section; instead, it facilitated the gradual transformation of micropores into mesopores and increased the likelihood of their further evolution into macropores. These findings provide a valuable theoretical basis for the prevention and control of drying–wetting cycle of coal spontaneous combustion disasters and environmental pollution caused by the strategy and increasing the tendency of coal spontaneous combustion. The research results provide theoretical guidance for preventing and controlling water-immersed air-dried coal.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Coupled Impact of Wettability and Pore Structure on Gas and Water Production in Coal Reservoirs","authors":"Jingyu Wang, Shuheng Tang, Songhang Zhang, Zhaodong Xi, Yang Chen, Jianxin Li, Zhaoxiang Zheng, Xiaoyu Sun, Yanqing Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11053-025-10487-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11053-025-10487-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Efficient development of coalbed methane is crucial for optimizing energy structure, ensuring energy security, and achieving carbon emission reduction targets. This study investigated the combined influence of wettability and pore structure on gas and water production in coal seams. Coal samples from three regions were characterized using low-temperature CO₂ and N₂ adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection, and contact angle tests to determine their pore structure and wettability. Relative permeability experiments were conducted to elucidate the impact of these parameters on gas and water seepage. A virtual vertical well was established based on typical reservoir characteristics of the Qinshui Basin, China. Simulations using the determined wettability and pore structure parameters of the three coal samples were performed to evaluate the influence of these factors on gas and water production in coal reservoirs. The results demonstrated that, as wettability weakened, the water saturation at the isotonic point (<i>S</i>_wx) decreased, while the relative permeability at the isotonic point (<i>K</i>_r(<i>S</i>_wx)) increased. The bound water saturation (<i>S</i>_wc) decreased, while the gas phase relative permeability at bound water saturation (<i>K</i>_rg(<i>S</i>_wc)) increased. The gas–water seepage \"triangle area\" shifted leftward and expanded. The amount of relative permeability loss was lower. Furthermore, both daily gas and water production significantly increased with decreasing wettability. Compared to hydrophilic reservoirs, hydrophobic reservoirs exhibited higher and earlier water production peak, while the gas production peak was higher but occurred later. For reservoirs with well-developed small aperture pores (<i>d</i> &lt; 100 nm), the gas–water production varied more significantly with wettability. By integrating the analysis of wettability and pore structure, reservoirs with developed small aperture pores and strong hydrophilicity were identified as promising targets for wettability modification. This research, using both experimental and simulation methods, provides insights into the effects of wettability and pore structure on fluid flow and production in coal reservoirs at both core and reservoir scales, providing a basis for improving CBM recovery through wettability modification.</p>","PeriodicalId":54284,"journal":{"name":"Natural Resources Research","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143766967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}