Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach最新文献

{"title":"Effects of Flywheel Leg Curls on Muscle Structure and Function in Athletes with a History of Hamstring Strain Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Matías Sampietro, Vilma Campana, Lucas Pereira Thiem, Manuel Albarenque, Rodrigo Ribeiro de Oliveira, Bruno Manfredini Baroni","doi":"10.1177/19417381251355960","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251355960","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) have a high rate of recurrence, highlighting the need for effective tertiary prevention strategies. Flywheel resistance training appears effective in targeting muscular risk factors for HSI.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Flywheel leg curls will result in greater improvements in eccentric knee flexor strength and biceps femoris long head (BF_LH) fascicle length compared with conventional leg curls.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Randomized controlled trial.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six athletes with a history of HSI within the past 18 months participated in an 8-week preventive training program. Athletes were assigned randomly to perform leg curls using either conventional (CON) or flywheel (FLY) equipment. Primary outcomes included eccentric knee flexor strength and BF_LH fascicle length. Secondary outcomes included isometric strength, maximal hip flexion active knee extension (MHFAKE), passive straight leg raise (PSLR), BF_LH muscle thickness, and pennation angle. Reinjury occurrence was monitored over a 6-month period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The FLY group showed significantly greater improvements in eccentric strength (19 ± 19% vs 6 ± 9%; <i>P</i> = 0.04) and BF_LH fascicle length (9 ± 8% vs 2 ± 3%; <i>P</i> = 0.01) compared with the CON group. The FLY group also exhibited superior gains in isometric strength and flexibility (MHFAKE), whereas the CON group showed a larger increase in BF_LH pennation angle. During follow-up, the CON group sustained 3 reinjuries, whereas the FLY group reported only 1 (reinjury risk ratio 3.0, 95% CI, 0.31-28.9).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Athletes with a history of HSI who participated in a preventive training program including flywheel leg curls showed greater improvements in knee flexor strength, fascicle length, and flexibility, as well as a lower reinjury occurrence compared with those trained with conventional leg curls.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Flywheel resistance training offers enhanced muscular adaptations that may reduce the risk of reinjury in athletes with a history of HSI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251355960"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12313596/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144755116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Upper-Limb Muscle Activation Levels in Different Physical Fitness Exercises Using Dumbbells and Elastic Tubes.","authors":"Julio Martín-Ruiz, Laura Ruiz-Sanchis, Ignacio Tamarit Grancha, Clara Gallego Cerveró, Juan Vicente-Mampel, Luis Baraja-Vegas","doi":"10.1177/19417381251353769","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251353769","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elastic tubes are used widely in fitness programs because they are lightweight, easy to use, and versatile. However, evidence of their equivalence to other equipment, including dumbbells, remains insufficient.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Elastic tubing and dumbbells do not have equivalent loads, although both equipment generate similar symmetry and muscular synergy.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 2b.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty physically active people (15 men and 15 women) performed 4 upper-limb exercises (elbow flexion, shoulder abduction, scapular elevation and abduction, and scapular retraction and abduction) with 5 loads (dumbbells ranging from 2 to 6 kg and red, green, blue, black, and silver elastic tubes).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only elbow flexion (<i>P</i> = 0.14 and <i>P</i> ≥ 0.99) and shoulder abduction (<i>P</i> = 0.13 and <i>P</i> ≥ 0.99) exercises showed load equivalence in men but not in women. Both types of equipment were symmetrical and generated similar synergies when the load was increased, with no sex differences (<i>P</i> = 0.11). Load equivalence was found only in men and in the 2 exercises, suggesting that this equipment was not interchangeable.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dumbbell and elastic tube exercises can be executed in a balanced and symmetrical manner, yielding similar synergies considering the involvement of all muscle groups regardless of sex.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This study analyzed a higher number of exercises performed by both men and women. The results showed that these 2 pieces of equipment cannot be considered interchangeable, as they generate different loads. However, similar efforts are required for symmetry and muscle synergy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251353769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12310615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144745967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Neurography of Sports-Related Peripheral Nerve Injuries of the Shoulder Region.","authors":"Yenpo Lin, Ek T Tan, Michelle Akerman, Philip G Colucci, Darryl B Sneag","doi":"10.1177/19417381251352500","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251352500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Although many sports-related injuries in the shoulder region are self-limiting, those involving the peripheral nerves can have a profound adverse effect on an athlete's career. While physical examination and electrodiagnostic testing are the mainstays for assessing such injuries, peripheral nerve magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, also known as MRN, can play an important and complementary role in helping further characterize injury extent and localization. This review explores the application of MRN in diagnosing and managing sports-related peripheral nerve injuries.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A narrative overview of the literature combined with the clinical and research expertise of the authors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Narrative review.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MRN helps localize preganglionic and postganglionic traumatic brachial plexus injuries, facilitating the planning of appropriate surgical interventions and determining the extent of nerve injury. MRN may also be used to assess thoracic outlet syndrome, commonly implicated in overhead sports activities. In cases of shoulder dislocation, MRN can depict altered nerve signal intensity and morphology of the axillary nerve that may be stretched. MRN also plays an important role in detecting and guiding the management of iatrogenic nerve-related injuries, and helping define alternative diagnoses, such as Parsonage-Turner syndrome, that might be the culprit in the postsurgical setting. Bone-sensitive and angiography MR pulse sequences can help delineate the spatial relationship among peripheral nerves, osseous structures, and blood vessels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRN is valuable in assessing sports-related traumatic nerve injuries of the shoulder region, as well as newly developed neurological symptoms following shoulder surgery. Specifically, MRN provides a global evaluation of regional muscles and nerves, which and can help localize injury to one or more nerve segments that may be targeted for therapeutic intervention.Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT):Evidence B level 3.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251352500"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12307345/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can Body Mass Index Values and/or Player Position be Viable Predictors for Exertional Heat Illness in American Football Players?","authors":"Olivia J Cahill, Earl R Cooper, Andrew J Grundstein","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350670","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exertional heat illnesses (EHIs) affect thousands of high school athletes each year. Although there are clear risk patterns for fatal EHIs based on player characteristics, there is less information on these associations for nonfatal EHIs.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Prediction of nonfatal EHI risk in American high school football participants can be determined using commonly available data on body mass index (BMI) values and/or player position.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Epidemiological study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants from 22 high schools in the state of Georgia in the United States were used for this study. Player demographics including height, weight, BMI, and player position were considered. EHI occurrences from 2012 to 2014 were recorded and analyzed to determine EHI risk. These data were collected as part of normal practice/competition activities, and the researchers did not interact with the subjects of the study. Therefore, approval from the Institution's Internal Review Board was not required for this investigation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 309 EHIs over 163,118 athlete-exposures. The linemen group had over 2.5 to 3 times greater risk of sustaining heat syncope/heat exhaustion (HS/HE) than the backs (relative risk [RR], 2.63; 95% CI, 1.59-4.33) and Specialists (RR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.52-6.56) groups. Linemen were at lower risk for exercise-associated muscle cramps (EAMCs) compared with backs (RR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.53-0.76). No differences were found in relative risk among BMI categories.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results indicate that field position is a bigger differentiator in EHI risk than BMI.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Sports medicine and coaching staff should be educated that American football participants at the linemen position are at greater risk for HS/HE than those at other positions. This supports the use of position-specific training activities to mitigate EHI risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350670"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12303917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knee Locking and Diagnosis Unlocking: Understanding and Treating the Hypermobile Lateral Meniscus.","authors":"Nancy Park, Sarah Levitt, Seema Patel, Lee D Katz, Peter Jokl, Michael J Medvecky","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350674","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Hypermobility of the lateral meniscus is a relatively uncommon condition characterized by excessive, abnormal movement of the lateral meniscus in the knee joint. This literature review and case report aims to provide insights into the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment options for peripheral lateral meniscocapsular tears that result in excessive lateral meniscal motion.</p><p><strong>Evidence acquisition: </strong>A narrative review of the literature and the clinical expertise of the authors.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Narrative overview.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 5.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A hypermobile lateral meniscus poses diagnostic challenges due to overlapping symptoms with other knee pathologies. The anatomy of the posterolateral meniscocapsular recess and popliteus hiatus can distort the ability to accurately diagnose tears of the peripheral attachments of the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus. In a primary care practice, recognition of this condition in patients presenting with recurrent mechanical catching or locking episodes, sometimes with a \"normal\" magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan, is crucial to refer to orthopaedics in a timely manner to prevent further damage. Arthroscopic meniscal repair can be an effective treatment option, facilitating a safe return to sports after rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A hypermobile lateral meniscus and peripheral meniscocapsular tears of the lateral meniscus should be considered in the differential diagnosis of knee pain with recurrent locking episodes, even with an \"unremarkable\" MRI scan. Timely and accurate diagnosis and appropriate intervention, such as arthroscopic meniscal repair, can lead to better quality of life. Further research is needed to explore long-term outcomes and optimal management strategies for hypermobile lateral meniscal tears.Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy (SORT):Level C.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350674"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12286988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Epidemiology of Pickleball Injuries Presenting to US Emergency Departments.","authors":"Paul McMillan, Logan P Lake, Andrew Burkhart, Esha Reddy, Isaac C Hale, Brian M Grawe","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350671","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350671","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The popularity of pickleball as a recreational and competitive sport has increased dramatically over the last decade in the United States.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>To evaluate trends in pickleball injury rates and specific injury characteristics.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive epidemiology study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database was queried from 2014 to 2023 for national weighted injury estimates and injury characteristics from recreational pickleball players presenting to US emergency departments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Annual national estimates of pickleball-related injuries increased significantly (<i>P</i> < .001) from 2014 (1313; CI, 550-2078) to 2023 (24,461; CI, 3837-45,086). A transient 19.3% reduction in injury rates occurred in 2020, coinciding with the COVID-19 pandemic. Most injuries affected people aged 60 to 79 years, with nearly equal sex distribution (51.2% men vs 48.8% women). Most patients were discharged, although 5 deaths due to cardiac arrest were reported. Women had higher odds of upper extremity injuries (odds ratio [OR], 1.66), hand/wrist injuries (OR, 3.22), and fractures (OR 3.03). Men experienced more lower extremity injuries (OR, 1.71), trunk injuries (OR, 1.28), lacerations (OR, 1.71) and strains/sprains (OR, 1.87). Women were more likely to fall (OR, 2.08), while men were more often hit (OR, 1.92) or overexerted themselves (OR, 1.89). Older adults, aged 60 to 79 years, had increased odds of wrist/hand injuries (OR, 1.47) and fractures (OR, 1.75), with falls being 2.10 times more likely in this cohort. People aged 40 to 59 years had higher odds of lower extremity injuries (OR, 2.09), whereas those <19 years had higher odds of dislocation (OR, 5.25), head injury (OR, 1.95), and laceration (OR, 2.83).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pickleball injuries affect predominantly older adults, with distinct sex and age-related patterns.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>There is a need for age and sex-specific injury prevention strategies to enhance safety in pickleball participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350671"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12259589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144627733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biometric Changes up to 1 Year After Bilateral Hip Arthroscopy in Division I Collegiate Athletes.","authors":"Quinn Steiner, Brian E Walczak, Jennifer Sanfilippo, Mikel R Joachim, Kristin Haraldsdottir, Andrew M Watson","doi":"10.1177/19417381251351951","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251351951","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients undergoing bilateral hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) require weightbearing restrictions that, combined with surgery, may influence muscle mass and bone mineral density (BMD).</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>After bilateral hip arthroscopy, patients will exhibit changes in biometric data.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Retrospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate athletes undergoing bilateral hip arthroscopy surgery had a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan preoperatively and at 3, 6, or 12 months postoperatively. Linear mixed effects models assessed change in total body and leg lean and fat mass, and pelvic, spine, and total leg BMD at each timepoint relative to baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant decreases (n = 18 athletes) in pelvic BMD were seen at baseline (1.40g/cm²; [95% CI, 1.30, 1.51]); 3 months (1.33g/cm² [1.23, 1.43]; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and 6 months (1.33g/cm² [1.22, 1.43]; <i>P</i> < 0.001), and spine BMD at 6 months postoperatively (1.43g/cm² [1.30, 1.52]; 1.38g/cm²; [1.29, 1.47]; <i>P</i> = 0.02). Lower extremity and total body fat mass were increased at 3 months (6881 g; [4932, 8829]; 7757 g [5801, 9713]; <i>P</i> < 0.01), (19,565 g; [13130, 25999]; 21,467 g; [15012, 27922]; <i>P</i> = 0.02), whereas total body lean mass was decreased at 3 months (66,736 g; [58,265, 75,207]; 64,978 g; [56,492, 73,464]; <i>P</i> = 0.04). Results at 12 months were not significantly different from baseline.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In NCAA Division I collegiate athletes who underwent bilateral hip arthroscopy for FAI, pelvic and spine BMD was decreased up to 6 months after surgery when compared with presurgery measurements, but no decrease was observed after 1 year. Clinicians should be aware of the potential implications of decreased bone mass up to 12 months postsurgery.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Understanding changes in body composition and BMD postoperatively may help to guide rehabilitation management and injury risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251351951"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12245813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144602245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep: A Game Changer for Youth Athlete Wellbeing.","authors":"Tanisha Tate, Luana C Main, Spencer Roberts, Lyndell Bruce","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350693","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350693","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Youth athletes may have reduced opportunities for sufficient sleep, and often report poor mental health and wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Most youth athletes obtain less than recommended duration and quality of sleep, with associated reduced wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sleep was monitored in 98 youth athletes (15.19 ± 2.08 years) for 8 consecutive weeks. Wellbeing was self-reported weekly using the Multicomponent Training Distress Scale (MTDS) and the Short Recovery Stress Scale (SRSS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adolescent athletes averaged 7.0 (±1.1) hours sleep per night, but did not meet recommended daily sleep duration (ie, ≥8 hours) on >80% of nights studied. Significant sleep disturbances were detected in 40% of participants. Total sleep time measured via actigraphy was associated negatively with MTDS depression (all values given as [β; CI)] (-0.50; -0.95-0.05), stress (-0.78; -1.23-0.33) and sleep disturbance (-0.62; -0.97-0.27) subscales and overall score (-2.57; -4.27-0.87), and the SRSS stress subscale (-0.82; -1.50-0.15) (<i>P</i> < 0.05). Subjective sleep quality measured via sleep diaries was associated positively with all MTDS scores including depression (0.85; 0.50-1.19), sleep disturbance (1.04; 0.72-1.35), and physical symptom (0.60; 0.13-1.08) subscales, and the SRSS stress subscale (1.67; 0.91-2.43), and negatively with SRSS recovery subscale (-1.02; -1.64-0.41). Fatigue ratings before bed and upon awakening were associated positively with all MTDS subscales and the SRSS stress subscale (1.23; 0.74-1.71) (1.26; 0.79-1.74) (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many adolescent athletes do not meet current sleep recommendations, and inadequate duration and/or quality of sleep in this population is associated with poorer self-reported wellbeing.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Education surrounding sleep in youth athletes should emphasize the importance of adequate sleep, alongside the maintenance of regular sleeping patterns to promote wellbeing and mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350693"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of the King Devick Test for Acute Diagnosis of Concussion in NCAA Division I Athletes.","authors":"Kimberly G Harmon, Bridget M Whelan, Douglas F Aukerman, Sourav K Poddar, Anna DeLeo, Heather A Elkington, Gabrielle Garruppo, Marissa Holliday, Calvin E Hwang","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350685","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350685","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The King-Devick (KD) test is a timed rapid number naming test used for the acute diagnosis of concussion.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>The KD test will be more sensitive, but less specific, than other commonly used objective tests for concussion.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Case-control study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 4.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I college athletes completed baseline testing for the KD. When an athlete presented acutely with suspected concussion from July 1, 2020 to December 31, 2022 (sideline/within 48 hours) the test was repeated. If a concussion was diagnosed, a control matched on comorbid conditions, sex/gender, team, season, and baseline test time was identified to test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Baseline and postinjury data were collected for 97 concussed and 97 matched control athletes. In total, 44% of concussions occurred in female athletes, with most concussion occurring in football 37 (38%), women's volleyball 14 (14%), and softball 6 (6%). The KD test had fair test-retest reliability at 0.72 (95% CI, 0.61-0.80). The sensitivity and specificity of the test for any increase in time compared with baseline was 81% and 56%, with a positive predictive value of 65% and negative predictive value of 75%. The AUC was also fair at 0.75 (0.68-0.82). There was no significant difference in accuracy of the KD taken at different times points (immediate, 2-8 hours, 8-24 hours, 24-48 hours).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The KD is more sensitive, but less specific, than other commonly used objective tests for concussion. Understanding the psychometric properties of the KD can help with the diagnosis of concussion.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The KD may be a good initial screening tool to prompt further evaluation or allow return to play without further evaluation. Further study in other populations is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350685"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237940/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Movement Rate and Brain-Muscle Coupling in Male Footballers With and Without Hamstring Injury History.","authors":"José Pedro Correia, Hugo Grilo, Erik Witvrouw, João R Vaz, Sandro R Freitas","doi":"10.1177/19417381251350688","DOIUrl":"10.1177/19417381251350688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-speed actions constitute an important mechanism of hamstring strain injuries (HSIs) in football. These actions have a strong supraspinal base, and changes in brain activity have been noted in other musculoskeletal injuries; however, there is a lack of information about changes in brain-muscle coupling in footballers with HSI history. Therefore, this study aimed to determine whether movement speed and brain-muscle activity differ between players with and without HSI history during a high-speed knee movement task.</p><p><strong>Hypothesis: </strong>Footballers with previous HSI will show decreased knee movement rate and associated neurophysiological inhibition.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level 3.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 108 male footballers (39 with HSI history) performed a maximum-speed knee flexion-extension task over eight 10-second blocks. During this task, brain and muscle activity of knee flexors and extensors were recorded using electroencephalography (EEG) and electromyography (EMG), respectively, and the movement rate was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Footballers with HSI history moved at a higher rate in the first half of the task. This was accompanied by higher theta and decreasing alpha EEG activity, lower rectus femoris and biceps femoris activity, and less flexor-extensor co-contraction. Conversely, there were no differences in corticomuscular coherence (CMC) between groups, but the biceps femoris showed a significantly lower CMC than all other muscles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The task was able to differentiate players with and without HSI history; in addition, those with previous HSI showed EEG activity patterns associated with increased task load and use of attentional resources for sensorimotor integration. EMG findings indicated players with HSI history were able to perform better despite showing overall reduced activity, especially in the rectus femoris and biceps femoris.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Neurocognitive factors may be involved in HSIs and persist even after rehabilitation, suggesting the relevance of including these factors in rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54276,"journal":{"name":"Sports Health-A Multidisciplinary Approach","volume":" ","pages":"19417381251350688"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237958/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144585641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}