Progress in Earth and Planetary Science最新文献

{"title":"Recent progress in research on source processes of great earthquakes using tsunami data","authors":"Yuichiro Tanioka, Yusuke Yamanaka","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00593-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00593-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper provides an overview of inverse studies that estimate earthquake source processes using tsunami-related data. Methods and techniques developed with those data associated with the 2004 Sumatra and 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquakes were reviewed. These events significantly impacted subsequent studies that focused on great historical earthquakes. Thus, recent advancements from studies on great historical earthquakes (M > 8) using old tsunami data, including documents and non-digital tsunami waveforms, have been reviewed. Another key earthquake was the 1700 Cascadia earthquake, and its source process was revealed using geological tsunami deposit data, which have led to a recent surge in prehistorical earthquake studies using tsunami deposit data. Considering this, the advancements in prehistorical earthquake studies have been reviewed. Finally, expected advancements in earthquake source process studies using tsunami-related data in the near future have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135197958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantage of bulk lightning models for predicting lightning frequency over Japan","authors":"Takumi Tomioka, Yousuke Sato, Syugo Hayashi, Satoru Yoshida, Takeshi Iwashita","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00592-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00592-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study examined the performance of an explicit bulk lightning model coupled with a meteorological model for forecasting lightning by numerical weather prediction over Japan. The evaluation was conducted by comparing the lightning predicted by the explicit bulk lightning model, diagnosed empirically by the numerical model, and observed by ground base measurements. From the results, the bulk lightning model performed better in terms of lightning frequency than did the diagnostic scheme, which overestimated the lightning frequency, although there were no appreciable differences in the score of each method for the geographical distribution and time correlation compared with the observations. These results suggest that the explicit bulk lightning model is advantageous for predicting lightning frequency. The sensitivity of the simulated lightning to the choice of cloud microphysical model was also examined by using a two-moment and a one-moment bulk microphysical scheme. Sensitivity experiments on the choice of microphysical model indicated that the two-moment bulk scheme reproduced the observed lightning well, while the one-moment bulk scheme overestimated the lightning frequency. Analyses suggested that the overestimation of the lightning in the one-moment bulk scheme originated from active charge separation by riming electrification, in which graupel was produced more frequently and was assumed to fall faster. These results suggest that the explicit bulk lightning model with the two-moment bulk microphysical scheme offers an alternative to conventional lightning prediction methods. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135351950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interannual variation of the Warm Arctic–Cold Eurasia pattern modulated by Ural blocking and the North Atlantic Oscillation under changing sea ice conditions","authors":"Xiling Zhou, Tomonori Sato, Shixue Li","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00591-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00591-x","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Together with rapid Arctic warming and sea ice decline, especially over the Barents–Kara seas (BKS), extreme cold winters have occurred frequently in mid-latitudes, particularly in Central Eurasia. A pattern with two distinct winter temperature anomalies centered over the BKS and Central Eurasia is known as the Warm Arctic–Cold Eurasia (WACE) pattern. The impacts of sea ice loss over the BKS and internal atmospheric variability on past WACE formation remain under discussion mainly due to the large internal atmospheric variability in the mid-latitudes. This study analyzed a large-ensemble historical experiment prescribing observed sea ice condition to investigate the role of internal atmospheric variability in the observed interannual variation of the WACE pattern. Comparison of ensemble members suggests that internal atmospheric variability is important for regulating the magnitude of the WACE pattern. Besides the strong effect of local sea ice loss, winter temperature over the BKS increases due to warm advection driven by the Ural blocking and positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation. A decrease in winter temperature over Central Eurasia is mainly attributable to the cold advection enhanced by Ural blocking rather than the remote effect of sea ice decline over the BKS. Our study reveals the importance of internal atmospheric variability in elucidating the observed interannual variation of the WACE pattern.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135739154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhenium solubility and speciation in aqueous fluids at high temperature and pressure","authors":"Bjorn Mysen","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00590-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00590-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In order to characterize rhenium transport via infiltration of fluids in the Earth's interior, the solubility and solution mechanisms of ReO 2 in aqueous fluids were determined to 900 °C and about 1710 MPa by using an externally–heated hydrothermal diamond anvil cell. In order to shed light on how Re solubility and solution mechanisms in aqueous fluids can be affected by interaction of Re with other solutes, compositions ranged from the comparatively simple ReO 2 –H 2 O system to compositionally more complex Na 2 O–ReO 2 –SiO 2 –H 2 O fluids. Fluids in the ReO 2 –SiO 2 –H 2 O, SiO 2 –H 2 O, Na 2 O–SiO 2 –H 2 O, and Na 2 O–ReO 2 –H 2 O systems also were examined. The presence of Na 2 O enhances the ReO 2 solubility so that in Na 2 O–ReO 2 –H 2 O fluids, for example, Re solubility is increased by a factor of 10–15 compared with the Re solubility in Na 2 O-free ReO 2 –H 2 O fluids. The SiO 2 component in ReO 2 –SiO 2 –H 2 O causes reduction of ReO 2 solubility compared with ReO 2 –H 2 O fluids. The ReO 2 solubility in the Na-bearing Na 2 O–ReO 2 –SiO 2 –H 2 O fluids is greater than that in fluids in both the ReO 2 –H 2 O and ReO 2 –SiO 2 –H 2 O systems. Rhenium is dissolved in aqueous fluid as ReO 4 -complexes with Re in fourfold coordination with oxygen. Some, or all, of the oxygen in these complexes is replaced by OH-groups depending on whether Na 2 O also is present. It is proposed that during dehydration of hydrated subduction zone mineral assemblages in the upper mantle, the alkali/alkaline earth ratio of the source of the released aqueous fluid affects the extent to which Re (and other HFSE) can be transported into an overlying peridotite mantle wedge. The infiltration of such fluids will, in turn, affect the Re content (and Re/Os ratio) of magma formed by partial melting of this peridotite wedge.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135816902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An introductory review of the thermal structure of subduction zones: III—Comparison between models and observations","authors":"Peter E. van Keken, Cian R. Wilson","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00589-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00589-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The thermal structure of subduction zones is fundamental to our understanding of the physical and chemical processes that occur at active convergent plate margins. These include magma generation and related arc volcanism, shallow and deep seismicity, and metamorphic reactions that can release fluids. Computational models can predict the thermal structure to great numerical precision when models are fully described but this does not guarantee accuracy or applicability. In a trio of companion papers, the construction of thermal subduction zone models, their use in subduction zone studies, and their link to geophysical and geochemical observations are explored. In this last part, we discuss how independent finite element approaches predict the thermal structure of the global subduction system and investigate how well these predictions correspond to geophysical, geochemical, and petrological observations.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135203352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic noise between 0.003 Hz and 1.0 Hz and its classification","authors":"Toshiro Tanimoto, Aaron Anderson","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00587-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00587-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is now established that the primary microseism, the secondary microseisms, and the hum are the three main components of seismic noise in the frequency band from about 0.003 Hz to 1.0 Hz. Monthly averages of seismic noise are dominated by these signals in seismic noise. There are, however, some temporary additional signals in the same frequency band, such as signals from tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons) in the ocean and on land, stormquakes, weather bombs, tornadoes, and wind-related atmospheric pressure loading. We review these effects, lasting only from a few hours to a week but are significant signals. We also attempt to classify all seismic noise. We point out that there are two broad types of seismic noise, the propagating seismic waves and the quasi-static deformations. The latter type is observed only for surface pressure changes at close distances. It has been known since about 1970 but has not been emphasized in recent literature. Recent data based on co-located pressure and seismic instruments clearly show its existence. Because the number of phenomena in the first type is large, we propose to classify all seismic noise into three categories: (1) propagating seismic waves from ocean sources, (2) propagating seismic waves from on-land sources, and (3) quasi-static deformation at ocean bottom and on land. The microseisms and the hum are in the first category although there are differences in the detailed processes of their excitation mechanisms. We will also classify temporary signals by these categories.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated impact assessment of climate change and hydropower operation on streamflow and inundation in the lower Mekong Basin","authors":"Steven Ly, Takahiro Sayama, S. Try","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00586-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00586-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42152636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the impact of climate change on sediment discharge using a large ensemble rainfall dataset in Pekerebetsu River basin, Hokkaido","authors":"Riho Kido, Takuya Inoue, Misako Hatono, Kazuki Yamanoi","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00580-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00580-0","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Increased rainfall associated with climate change can increase sediment discharge. The supply of fine sediment from slope failures inhibits bed armoring of mountain rivers and increases sediment discharge to the downstream reaches. Floods without slope failures lead to bed erosion and armoring and may ultimately decrease sediment discharge. Thus, it is important to consider sediment discharge from slope failure and bed erosion as factors affecting sediment production. Climate change affects not only the rainfall amount, but also the temporal rainfall pattern; consequently, the pattern affects the sediment production factors and the amount of sediment discharge. However, changes in sediment discharge due to climate change based on sediment production sources have not yet been clarified. In this study, we statistically analyzed 1200 results simulated using a physics-based sediment runoff model to assess the impact of changes in temporal rainfall patterns on sediment discharge and sediment production sources in the Pekerebetsu River Basin. In the simulations, we used the rainfall predicted in d4PDF (Database for policy decision-making for future climate change), a large ensemble climate simulation database at 5 km and 20 km resolutions. Our results showed that the climate-driven increase in sediment discharge was considerably larger than that of rainfall. An increase in short-term heavy rainfall increased the supply of fine sediments from slope failure. This resulted in the suppression of bed armoring and a large increase in sediment discharge. Thus, the increase in sediment discharge is not only caused by an increase in rainfall but also by changes in temporal rainfall patterns and sediment production factors. The sediment discharge calculated for the 20 km resolution climate projection was nearly one order of magnitude smaller than that for the 5 km resolution. This suggests that the 20 km resolution climate projections do not adequately represent orographic rainfall in the mountains and thus, do not adequately reproduce extreme sediment discharge events. An increased sediment supply causes bed aggradation and decreases the river conveyance capacity of the downstream channel. The model developed in this study will contribute to flood risk analysis and flood control planning for increased rainfall due to climate change.","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"310 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135403010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Space and atmospheric physics on Svalbard: a case for continued incoherent scatter radar measurements under the cusp and in the polar cap boundary region","authors":"L. Baddeley, Dag Lorentzen, Stein Haaland, E. Heino, Ingrid Mann, Wojciech Miloch, K. Oksavik, N. Partamies, Andres Spicher, Juha Vierinen","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00585-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44294632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of slip distribution on tsunami trace heights and geological evidences: a case study of the 2011 Tohoku-Oki earthquake","authors":"S. Kusumoto, K. Imai, T. Hori, D. Sugawara, K. Satake","doi":"10.1186/s40645-023-00582-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-023-00582-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54272,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Earth and Planetary Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46028723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}