Global Ecology and Conservation最新文献

{"title":"Impacts of habitat modification on the dynamics of waterbird diversity in Guangzhou Haizhu National Wetland Park","authors":"Zhouhan Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoshan Fang ,&nbsp;Shangjiangfeng Lin ,&nbsp;Xuefei Zhang ,&nbsp;Dongmei Yu ,&nbsp;Yuanzhihong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiqing Liu ,&nbsp;Huijian Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03662","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03662","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Pearl River Delta (PRD) is a crucial habitat for over 120 species of waterbirds, including migratory species. As a key component of the wetland resources in the PRD, Guangzhou Haizhu National Wetland Park (GHNWP) plays a vital role in supporting the waterbird ecological corridor along the East Asia-Australasia Flyway. Since 2013, GHNWP has been engaged in ecological restoration aimed at enhancing waterbird diversity, which has attracted widespread attention. By 2022, significant changes in habitat structure had occurred, making it an important site for waterbird aggregation. This study, based on waterbird survey data from 2013 to 2022, employed Spearman’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis to assess the impact of long-term habitat modification on the dynamic changes in waterbird diversity. The results indicated that habitat modifications significantly increased waterbird abundance, richness, and the Shannon-Wiener diversity index, with these changes closely related to habitat modifications. Further regression analysis revealed that waterbird richness and Shannon-Wiener diversity index were significantly influenced by the area-weighted mean shape index (AWMSI), and the Pielou’s evenness index was significantly affected by the area of paddy fields. Additionally, the study quantified the relationships between these factors and changes in waterbird diversity. The finding contributes to a better understanding of how waterbird diversity responds to long-term habitat changes and provides effective management recommendations and solutions for waterbird conservation and habitat restoration in urban wetlands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03662"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stochastic assembly process indicates high risks of water transfer on fish communities in waters along the East Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, China","authors":"Huiguo Yan ,&nbsp;Anxiang Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Cheng ,&nbsp;Zhenhao Cheng ,&nbsp;Lei Gao ,&nbsp;Wenping He ,&nbsp;Songguang Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03642","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03642","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Inter-basin water transfer projects can drive ecological changes such as biological invasion, community homogenization, and ecosystem instability. However, the mechanisms governing fish community responses to water transfer remain unclear. Using environmental DNA metabarcoding, we examined species composition, assemblage structure, and community assembly in three water bodies along the East Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project of China: Hongze Lake, Nansi Lake, and the terminal Shuangwangcheng Reservoir. 1610,564 OTUs were assigned to 53 species from 13 families and 6 orders. Cypriniformes dominated, comprising 71.7 % of species. Species richness was highest in July (48 species) compared to November (37 species) and February (38 species). Assemblage structures significantly differed among months (ANOSIM, R = 0.59, <em>P</em> = 0.00). Shuangwangcheng Reservoir’s assemblage was similar to the transferred communities, indicating IBWT-facilitated dispersal as a primary driver of fish community shifts. Fish diversity in Hongze Lake and Nansi Lake declined over two decades, from 84 to 73 species, with the loss of migratory and pollution-sensitive taxa. Community assembly was largely stochastic (<em>NRI</em> and <em>NTI</em> within null confidence intervals) but influenced by environmental filtering. Repeated annual transfers intensified stochastic processes, leading to homogenization. These findings highlight the ecological consequences of Inter-basin water transfer projects and underscore the need to consider long-term disturbances when designing and optimizing water transfer megaprojects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03642"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum “Identifying non-breeding habitat conservation gaps of the critically threatened Spoon-billed Sandpiper (Calidris pygmaea) using species distribution model” [Global Ecol. Conserv. 61 (2025) e03640]","authors":"Yifei Jia ,&nbsp;Lili Sun ,&nbsp;Jia Guo ,&nbsp;Sicheng Ren ,&nbsp;Hongyan Yang ,&nbsp;Geng Huang ,&nbsp;Li Wen ,&nbsp;Neil Saintilan ,&nbsp;Qing Chen ,&nbsp;Yuyu Wang ,&nbsp;Guangchun Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03664","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ivory trade bans and elephant poaching: A temporal analysis using PIKE data and policy interventions","authors":"Canwei Xia ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoge Ping ,&nbsp;Yan Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Shang ,&nbsp;Qiang Dai ,&nbsp;Li Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the effectiveness of the ivory trade bans in reducing the illegal killing of elephants by analyzing trends in the Proportion of Illegally Killed Elephants (PIKE) data from 2003 to 2022. Using changepoint analysis, interrupted time series analysis, and difference-in-differences methods, we examined shifts in poaching patterns in response to key policy interventions, including the 2008 one-off ivory sale to China and Japan, and the implementation of domestic the ivory trade bans in major markets such as China and the United States after 2015. Results indicate that elephant poaching in Africa increased significantly following the 2008 sale, with PIKE peaking between 2009 and 2014. However, a significant decline in PIKE occurred after 2015, coinciding with the adoption of comprehensive national ivory bans. Comparative analysis shows no corresponding fluctuations in Asian elephant PIKE data, suggesting regional variation in poaching drivers. Additionally, an economic supply-demand model reveals that international trade bans alone are insufficient to curb poaching unless complemented by domestic market suppression. National bans reduce consumer demand and disrupt laundering opportunities, thereby amplifying enforcement effectiveness. The findings suggest that coordinated international agreements, when paired with stringent domestic policies, can significantly reduce elephant poaching. However, persistent illegal activity highlights the need for sustained enforcement and global cooperation. These results offer empirical support for ongoing trade restrictions and underscore the importance of consumer-side interventions in wildlife conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03658"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144229696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of native ungulate herbivory on riparian floral resources and native bee communities","authors":"Sandra J. DeBano ,&nbsp;Mary M. Rowland ,&nbsp;Samantha M. Roof ,&nbsp;Skyler Burrows ,&nbsp;Joshua P. Averett","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bees are essential pollinators in many natural and agricultural systems and declines of some species are well-documented. Threats to bees include habitat loss and degradation and uncertainty remains about how management practices influence bee communities. Globally, ungulates are common in many systems and though numerous studies have examined livestock effects on bees, native ungulate effects on bees are poorly studied. In the western US, two native ungulates, deer (<em>Odocoileus</em> spp.) and elk (<em>Cervus canadensis</em>), are widespread and may occupy large annual home ranges. Public land managers are tasked with managing deer and elk habitat in ways compatible with other land uses, including as pollinator habitat. To address the question of how these large herbivores influence bee communities, we conducted a three-year manipulative study in a Pacific Northwest riparian system. Half of 12 sites were protected from native ungulate herbivory and half were unprotected. We measured bloom availability and diversity each year, and quantified herbivory pressure and sampled bees in the third year. We found fewer blooms of plant species preferred by elk, the dominant large herbivore in the system, in unprotected sites than protected sites in the second and third years, and that blooming plant composition differed between protected and unprotected sites. Bee species richness was lower in unprotected areas in July of the third year and evidence suggests that bees specializing on plants consumed by ungulates may be at particular risk. Our work illustrates the importance of considering dietary overlap when investigating effects of ungulates on bee communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03661"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert opinion versus radiocarbon dating in the ivory trade","authors":"Jitka Kufnerová ,&nbsp;Jaroslava Frouzová ,&nbsp;Ivo Světlík ,&nbsp;Kateřina Weissová ,&nbsp;Kateřina Pachnerová Brabcová","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All extant elephant species have been protected from excessive international commercial trade by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) since at least 1989. However, legal protection often includes exemptions, such as for antiques, which may create critical loopholes that enable the laundering of modern ivory into legal markets, undermining conservation efforts. This study presents, for the first time, a robust forensic dataset comparing antique expert evaluations of 46 seized ivory artefacts with radiocarbon dating results, demonstrating that the inaccuracy of expert opinions can reach up to 58.7 %. These inaccuracies may challenge the enforcement of CITES regulations. In addition, the study compares the legal frameworks of selected countries, revealing that the definition of antique ivory varies significantly across regions. To address this vulnerability, we argue that integrating forensic methods such as radiocarbon dating—combined with other verification techniques—into regulatory practices could drastically improve detection accuracy, closing gaps that currently facilitate illegal trade.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03659"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144179464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing landscape conservation and community development through national park boundary","authors":"Wang Qi ,&nbsp;Zhong Linsheng ,&nbsp;Yu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03663","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03663","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the strategic expansion of protected areas, it is imperative to address sustainable development challenges by exploring innovative approaches to harmonize the conservation and utilization of ecological resources and landscape. Particularly, geological landscape category of national parks （GLNPs）in developing countries possess not only aesthetic value but also serve as productive resources that foster community prosperity. Adhering to the fundamental principles of protecting the authenticity and integrity of the landscape ecological system, this study proposes a novel methodology for delineating the national park (NP) boundary to balance the relationship between the landscape ecological resources protection and community development under the technical framework. We have delineated three national park schemes in Zanda Tulin, covering areas of 4597.04 km², 8109.28 km², and 4594.08 km², respectively. We propose the concept of a \"synergistic zone\" and argue that，considering the effective supply of agricultural production space and the uncertain impacts of future climate change on landscape resources, the 'one park, two zones, and three lines' model can effectively address these challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03663"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Population dynamics and the influence of hydrology on nonnative rainbow trout in a perialpine limestone stream","authors":"Kurt Pinter,&nbsp;Marlene Kollmann,&nbsp;Erwin Lautsch,&nbsp;Günther Unfer","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rainbow trout, originally from Pacific coast catchments (North America), have been distributed extensively on a global scale for consumptive and recreational fishing. Consequently, the species now occurs widely in freshwater ecosystems around the world. The reasons for the success or failure of self-sustaining populations that settle in watersheds outside of their natural range have been the subject of debate for decades. This study investigates the establishment and persistence of a rainbow trout population in a perialpine central European stream. Our analysis combines hydrological data with a 27 year-long time series (1997–2023) of annual data on the abundance of sympatric rainbow trout and brown trout populations. Despite the cessation of fish stocking since 1997, rainbow trout persist as a self-sustaining and robust population. A number of stream characteristics are hypothesized as critical to their persistence in this stream. First, high pre-spawn flows generally lead to enhanced recruitment of rainbow trout. This pattern likely results from the flushing of substrate sediments, thus improving the quality of spawning habitat. Conversely, high discharge during the fry-emergence period negatively impacts juvenile densities. Rainbow trout exhibit higher relative production of juvenile fish compared to native brown trout but experience a sharp decline in densities from young of the year to age 1 + class. This decline can be attributed to either mortality or outmigration of rainbow trout from the stream reach due to the predominance of native brown trout – the numerically dominant species (66 %) in the study area. Although brown trout remain dominant within the study’s stream reach, our study highlights the potential of rainbow trout’s invasiveness demonstrated by a consistently positive population trend and emphasizes the need for increased vigilance towards this species, relative to the native brown trout.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Camera-trapping reveals both defaunation and conservation priority species in an unprotected forest in Vietnam","authors":"Anh Tuan Nguyen ,&nbsp;An Nguyen ,&nbsp;Minh Le ,&nbsp;Andreas Wilting ,&nbsp;Andrew Tilker","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ongoing decline of global biodiversity has prompted calls for an increase in protected area coverage. However, decisions on where to expand protected areas for optimal conservation impact are often hampered by an incomplete knowledge of biodiversity, especially in the tropics. In Vietnam, many unprotected forest areas have never had standardized biodiversity surveys, and much remains unknown about the status of conservation-priority species in these areas. We conducted systematic landscape-scale camera-trapping in an unprotected forest in central Vietnam with the goal of assessing the status and distribution of ground-dwelling mammal and bird communities, especially threatened and Annamite endemic species. We analyzed occurrence data within an occupancy framework to further characterize these communities and establish a baseline for potential long-term monitoring. We also assessed the completeness of the mammal and bird communities compared to historical reference communities using a defaunation index. In total, we recorded 21 terrestrial mammals and birds over 6156 camera-trap days, including one Annamite endemic and six species listed as threatened on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. We included 16 mammals and birds in the occupancy models, which showed high heterogeneity in both occupancy and detection estimates, with predicted occupancy for one priority species (Annamite striped rabbit) comparable to one other protected area in the region. However, despite the presence of several conservation priority species, the forest area has undergone high levels of defaunation, as evidenced by the failure to record 55 % of the historical faunal community. The historical defaunation index values showed the highest values for the carnivore guild, and for large (&gt;100 kg) species. We discuss our findings within the context of the importance of this area for the protection of conservation-priority species and potential future gazettement, and the usefulness of systematic landscape-scale surveys to fully assess biodiversity in forested regions that are outside the protected area system in Vietnam and beyond.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03644"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human footprint with machine learning identifies risks of the invasive weed Conyza sumatrensis across land-use types under climate change","authors":"Hua Cheng ,&nbsp;Kasper Johansen ,&nbsp;Baocheng Jin ,&nbsp;Shiqin Xu ,&nbsp;Xuechun Zhao ,&nbsp;Liqin Han ,&nbsp;Matthew F. McCabe","doi":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gecco.2025.e03657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological invasions pose significant threats to ecosystem structure and function, disrupt ecosystem services, cause high economic losses, and negatively impact human well-being. However, accurate prediction of species distribution is a critical challenge in ecological and biodiversity conservation. This study compares the predictive performance of 10 machine learning algorithms, including random forests, maximum entropy, support vector machines, and others, by integrating global occurrence records with climatic, edaphic, and human activity variables to identify the most robust model for predicting the global distribution of the invasive weed, <em>Conyza sumatrensis</em> (Retz.) E.Walker. Different algorithms yielded large variations in the predicted area of <em>C. sumatrensis</em>. Among these, random forests had the highest performance accuracy metrics and high agreement of predictions, aligning well with global occurrence records, and are used to explain and predict the potential distribution of <em>C. sumatrensis</em>. Distributions of <em>C. sumatrensis</em> are mainly influenced by temperature variables, adapted to a wide range of precipitation and various soil conditions, and facilitated by human activities. Currently, <em>C. sumatrensis</em> is distributed widely across all continents (6.20 Mkm²). The suitable habitat for <em>C. sumatrensis</em> is projected to have an increase of 8.03–8.78 % by 2041–2060 and 0.84–3.29 % by 2081–2100. In addition, the global extent of suitable environmental conditions for the establishment and spread of <em>C. sumatrensis</em> was anticipated to expand in urban and farmland by 2081–2100. The results provide an early warning of specific land-use types at higher risk of <em>C. sumatrensis</em> extent, offering valuable insights for managers to develop targeted prevention and control strategies. Additionally, to enhance predictive accuracy, our study underscores the critical role of selecting suitable algorithms and integrating human activity factors into invasive species distribution models.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54264,"journal":{"name":"Global Ecology and Conservation","volume":"61 ","pages":"Article e03657"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144166543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}