Amanda J Daley, Ryan A Griffin, James P Sanders, Kajal Gokal, Natalie Ives, Magdalena Skrybant, Helen M Parretti, Charlotte L Edwardson, Stuart J H Biddle, Kate Jolly, Colin J Greaves, Sheila M Greenfield, Ralph Maddison, Dale W Esliger, Lauren B Sherar, Emma Frew, Nanette Mutrie, Ben Maylor, Tom Yates, Sarah Tearne, Catherine A Moakes
{"title":"Snacktivity™ to Promote Physical Activity in Primary Care, Community Health and Public Health Settings: A Feasibility Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Amanda J Daley, Ryan A Griffin, James P Sanders, Kajal Gokal, Natalie Ives, Magdalena Skrybant, Helen M Parretti, Charlotte L Edwardson, Stuart J H Biddle, Kate Jolly, Colin J Greaves, Sheila M Greenfield, Ralph Maddison, Dale W Esliger, Lauren B Sherar, Emma Frew, Nanette Mutrie, Ben Maylor, Tom Yates, Sarah Tearne, Catherine A Moakes","doi":"10.1007/s12529-025-10352-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-025-10352-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A novel 'whole day' approach that could motivate the public to be more physically active is Snacktivity™. The Snacktivity™ approach encourages individuals to accumulate 150 min of physical activity in short 2-5-min 'snacks' of moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) throughout the day/week.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility/acceptability of a Snacktivity™ intervention and trial processes was conducted. The trial aimed to recruit 80 physically inactive adults from healthcare services and via social media. Participants were randomised to the Snacktivity™ intervention or usual care and followed up at 12 weeks. The intervention was predominately delivered by health professionals within consultations. Assessment of whether the Snacktivity™ intervention and trial methods were acceptable to participants, adherence to Snacktivity™ (assessed by Fitbit) and physical activity (assessed by accelerometer), and retention were considered according to traffic light stop-go progression criteria (green-amber-red).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-two participants (n = 37 Snacktivity™ intervention; n = 35 usual care) were recruited across 14 months (72/80, 90%, (green) 95% CI: 83% to 97%). Snacktivity™ adherence was achieved in 12/37 participants (32%, (red) 95% CI: 17% to 48%). Physical activity adherence was achieved in 17/37 participants (46%, (amber) 95% CI: 30% to 62%). Seven participants (10%, (green) 95% CI: 3% to 17%) withdrew from follow-up and 25/72 (35%, (amber) 95% CI: 24% to 46%) had no accelerometer data at follow-up (retention).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Snacktivity™ intervention may be feasible and acceptable to implement. Findings can inform subsequent research that seeks to investigate whether Snacktivity™ based approaches are effective in promoting physical activity in the population.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ISRCTN: 64851242. Registration date: 31/01/21.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relationship Between Trauma Exposure, PTSD Symptoms, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms.","authors":"Jillian B Heymann, Kamila S White, Steven E Bruce","doi":"10.1007/s12529-025-10355-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-025-10355-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extant literature has linked gastrointestinal distress and trauma exposure in clinical populations. This is especially salient for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and physical and sexual assault.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study of a sample of 1,432 students from a large public Midwestern university further investigates the relationship between gastrointestinal symptoms and trauma exposure. Specifically, broad categories of trauma exposure, disorders of gut-brain interaction (i.e., IBS and functional dyspepsia), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Trauma exposure and specific trauma characteristics (i.e., interpersonal trauma history, number of unique trauma types) were significantly associated with higher gastrointestinal symptoms. Likewise, posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptom severity, probable PTSD, and cluster E symptom severity were also significantly related to higher gastrointestinal symptoms. Gender and race were significantly related to gastrointestinal symptoms in participants with trauma histories. Specifically, females reported greater gastrointestinal symptoms than males and White participants reported higher gastrointestinal symptoms than Black participants. In participants with probable PTSD, race remained significantly associated with gastrointestinal symptoms while gender was significant for functional dyspepsia symptoms only. Black participants reported greater gastrointestinal symptoms than White participants and females reported greater functional dyspepsia symptoms than males.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings shed light on factors associated with differential experiences of gastrointestinal symptoms. Additionally, this study is the first to examine the experiences of functional dyspepsia in people with probable PTSD. Future research on disorders of gut-brain interaction and trauma should not continue to overlook functional dyspepsia.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel J Phipps, Weldon T Green, Taru Lintunen, Keegan Knittle, Martin S Hagger
{"title":"Linking Autonomy-Supportive Parenting with Their Children's Autonomous Motivation Toward, and Participation in, Physical Activity.","authors":"Daniel J Phipps, Weldon T Green, Taru Lintunen, Keegan Knittle, Martin S Hagger","doi":"10.1007/s12529-025-10358-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-025-10358-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Health behaviors and motives within family units are likely to be associated with the motives and behaviors of other family members. A potential mechanism for these relations is that parents citing autonomous motives toward physical activity are more likely to support their child's autonomous motivation to be active. The current study tested a model specifying relations between parent autonomous motivation and parent, child, and parent-and-child joint physical activity behavior with parent autonomy-supportive parenting, child-perceived autonomy support, and child autonomous motivation specified as mediators of the autonomous motivation-child physical activity relationship.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data on autonomous motivation, autonomy-supportive parenting, perceived autonomy support, and physical activity, both alone and jointly between parents and children, were collected from a sample of 88 Finnish parent-child dyads and analyzed using a partial least squares structural equation modeling.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Findings indicated associations between parent autonomous motivation and parent and joint parent-child physical activity, and an indirect effect of autonomy-supportive parenting on child physical activity mediated by child-perceived autonomy support and autonomous motivation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results provide a potential explanation for relations between parental motives and child physical activity as a function of supportive parenting and signpost potential targets for family-based behavior change interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143460677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing the Impact of GLP-1 Agonists vs. Lifestyle Interventions and Weight Controllability Information on Stigma and Weight-Related Cognitions.","authors":"Stacy M Post, Michelle L Stock, Susan Persky","doi":"10.1007/s12529-025-10353-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-025-10353-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with obesity who use glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1s) for weight loss are often judged for taking a \"shortcut\" rather than using \"optimal\" methods (i.e., diet/exercise). This is linked with beliefs that weight is highly controllable, which predict both anti-fat attitudes and maladaptive weight-related behaviors. This study tested how exposure to a woman whose weight was framed as highly controllable or largely uncontrollable and who was described as losing weight with a GLP-1 vs. diet/exercise affected weight stigma attitudes and maladaptive weight-related cognitions through social comparison processes.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Women with overweight and obesity (N = 163) were exposed to a woman with obesity who varied by described weight controllability and weight loss method. Participants reported the extent to which they engaged in global downward social comparison and weight and body size comparisons to the woman, as well as weight stigma attitudes and maladaptive weight-related cognitions (likelihood of engaging in binge eating, restrictive eating, and exercising hard to control weight).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When the woman lost weight with a GLP-1 (vs. diet/exercise) she was judged more negatively due, in part, to higher global downward social comparison. Reading about weight loss with diet/exercise (vs. GLP-1) led to more maladaptive weight-related cognitions through higher weight and body size comparisons. Emphasizing that weight is less controllable did not reduce stigmatizing attitudes towards a GLP-1 user and had a limited effect on weight-related cognitions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further research is necessary to identify interventions to reduce weight stigma towards GLP-1 users and maladaptive weight-related cognitions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143400731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Taeyeop Lee, Eulah Cho, Oli Ahmed, Junseok Ahn, Young Rong Bang, Seockhoon Chung, Jangho Park
{"title":"The Impact of Depression on Bedtime Procrastination in High School Students in Pandemic era: The Mediating Roles of Conscientiousness and Emotional Stability.","authors":"Taeyeop Lee, Eulah Cho, Oli Ahmed, Junseok Ahn, Young Rong Bang, Seockhoon Chung, Jangho Park","doi":"10.1007/s12529-025-10351-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12529-025-10351-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bedtime procrastination is a common sleep problem that adolescents encounter. This study aimed to investigate the association between bedtime procrastination and depression in Korean high schoolers, while accounting for possible mediators including viral anxiety, resilience, and personality traits.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 300 high school students participated in the study. An online survey was conducted from October 18 to 24, 2021. The survey included the Bedtime Procrastination Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items, Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items, Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 2-items, and Ten-Item Personality Inventory.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bedtime procrastination was positively associated with depression (r = 0.31, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with resilience (r = -0.14, p = 0.020), extraversion (r = -0.14, p = 0.015), conscientiousness (r = -0.33, p < 0.001), and emotional stability (r = -0.30, p < 0.001). Linear regression revealed that higher levels of bedtime procrastination were significantly associated with increased depression (β = 0.21, p < 0.001) and personality traits such as lower conscientiousness (β = -0.22, p < 0.001) and lower emotional stability (β = -0.14, p = 0.022). Mediation analysis showed that depression had a direct effect on bedtime procrastination, and depression had an indirect effect on bedtime procrastination that was partially mediated by conscientiousness or emotional stability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Korean high school students, more bedtime procrastination shows a significant association with higher levels of depression, which is in part mediated by personality traits.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Junye Ma, Gregory E Chase, Ashley Black, Jonathan Klaphake, Kelly Garcia-Myers, Jason V Baker, Keith J Horvath
{"title":"Attitudes Toward and Beliefs in the Effectiveness of Biomedical HIV Prevention Strategies Among Emerging and Young Adult Sexual Minority Men.","authors":"Junye Ma, Gregory E Chase, Ashley Black, Jonathan Klaphake, Kelly Garcia-Myers, Jason V Baker, Keith J Horvath","doi":"10.1007/s12529-023-10244-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12529-023-10244-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and HIV treatment as prevention, which underlies the Undetectable = Untransmittable (U = U) campaign, are two effective biomedical approaches for HIV prevention among sexual minority men (SMM). Attitudes toward PrEP and U = U may differ between SMM emerging adults (EA: 18-24 years old) and young adults (YA: 25-29 years old) to drive differences in sexual behavior. However, to date, few studies assessed the degree to which YAs and EAs differ in their beliefs in the effectiveness of PrEP and U = U.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A national sample of 80 SMM in the USA (M<sub>age</sub> = 25.1 years; 53.7% racial/ethnic minority; 38.8% EA; 61.3% YA) participated in a 6-month mHealth intervention for PrEP adherence. Non-parametric tests assessed differences in sexual behaviors and attitudes toward the effectiveness of PrEP and U = U between EAs and YAs using baseline data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to EAs, higher proportions of YAs trusted PrEP's effectiveness and considered condom use unnecessary after taking PrEP. More YAs than EAs were willing to engage in sexual behaviors that they felt too risky before learning about U = U and were more comfortable having condomless sex with HIV-positive partners. Conversely, a greater proportion of EAs than YAs preferred to use condoms even when their partners are on anti-HIV medications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, YAs trusted the effectiveness of U = U and PrEP more than EAs, underscoring developmental differences in SMM's perspectives on biomedical HIV prevention tools. Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring messages on biomedical HIV prevention options differently for EAs and YAs to optimize uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"142-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11187700/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138806425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Correction: Facing the Emotional Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening. The Roles of Reappraisal and Situation Selection.","authors":"Giulia Scaglioni, Miriam Capasso, Marcella Bianchi, Daniela Caso, Nicoletta Cavazza","doi":"10.1007/s12529-024-10298-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12529-024-10298-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790678/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chitra S Iyer, Joshua M Schrock, Anthony Johnson, Pamina M Gorbach, Sue Siminski, Michael E Newcomb, Thomas W McDade, Brian Mustanski
{"title":"Infectious Illness Symptoms Are Associated with Elevated Anxiety in a Sample of Sexual and Gender Minority Young Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Chitra S Iyer, Joshua M Schrock, Anthony Johnson, Pamina M Gorbach, Sue Siminski, Michael E Newcomb, Thomas W McDade, Brian Mustanski","doi":"10.1007/s12529-023-10251-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12529-023-10251-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate whether infectious illness symptoms (IIS) are associated with generalized anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in sexual/gender (SGM) minority young adults assigned male at birth (AMAB).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Four hundred eighteen participants (median age = 25; range, 20-40) were recruited through RADAR, an ongoing Chicago-based cohort study of SGM-AMAB between September 2020 and February 2021. Participants completed online surveys. A subset (n = 145) provided dried blood spot samples to assess SARS-CoV-2 serostatus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred twenty participants (28.7%) had GAD-7 scores of 10 or greater, which indicates generalized anxiety symptoms that may be clinically significant. In a binomial logistic regression model adjusting age, gender identity, race/ethnicity, substance use, and HIV status, the authors found that having a higher IIS count since March 1, 2020, was associated with greater odds of having a GAD-7 score of 10 or greater (OR = 1.14; 95% CI, 1.04, 1.25; P = 0.007). This effect was more pronounced in a binomial logistic regression model adjusting for the same covariates but using current IIS count as the independent variable (OR = 1.39; 95% CI, 1.13, 1.74; P = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among SGM-AMAB young adults, those who experienced ISS reported higher scores on the GAD-7, a widely used and validated screening measure for generalized anxiety symptoms. These findings highlight the importance of screening for anxiety disorders when patients present with IIS in clinical settings and psychobehavioral health follow-ups when indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"102-110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11258203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139491655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Li Dong, Li Li, Yunlian Wu, Xiaoling Zhao, Hui Zhong, Xi Cheng, Lixia Liu, Changxia Cheng, Mingqiu Ouyang, Liande Tao
{"title":"A Systematic Review of Interventions for Demoralization in Patients with Chronic Diseases.","authors":"Li Dong, Li Li, Yunlian Wu, Xiaoling Zhao, Hui Zhong, Xi Cheng, Lixia Liu, Changxia Cheng, Mingqiu Ouyang, Liande Tao","doi":"10.1007/s12529-024-10262-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12529-024-10262-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Demoralization, a significant mental health concern in patients with chronic diseases, can have a large impact on physical symptom burden and quality of life. The present review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for demoralization among patients with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched. Research on providing interventions to patients with chronic diseases that included quantitative data on demoralization was then systematically reviewed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen studies were included, most of which considered demoralization as a secondary outcome. Interventions included evidence-based meaning-centered psychotherapy, dignity therapy, psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy, and others. Ten studies used randomized controlled designs. Six of these investigated evidence-based meaning-centered therapy, and four investigated dignity therapy, showing the best empirical support for these intervention types. Most studies showed significant impacts on demoralization in patients with chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This systematic review provides insights into potential psychological interventions for reducing demoralization in patients with chronic diseases. Randomized controlled designs and adequately powered samples, with demoralization as the primary outcome, are needed to more clearly evaluate its effectiveness.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11790688/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michele L Patel, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Abby C King
{"title":"Moderators of a Diet and Physical Activity Intervention: who Responds Best to Sequential vs. Simultaneous Approaches.","authors":"Michele L Patel, Patricia Rodriguez Espinosa, Abby C King","doi":"10.1007/s12529-023-10223-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12529-023-10223-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given that low physical activity levels and poor dietary intake are co-occurring risk factors for chronic disease, there is a need for interventions that target both health behaviors, either sequentially or simultaneously. Little is known about participant characteristics that are associated with better or worse response to sequential and simultaneous interventions.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The 12-month Counseling Advice for Lifestyle Management (CALM) randomized trial (N = 150; M<sub>age</sub> = 55.3 years) targeted these two behaviors either via a sequential approach - dietary advice first then exercise advice added (\"Diet-First\") or exercise advice first then dietary advice added (\"Exercise-First\") - or via a simultaneous approach. The objective was to examine demographic, clinical, and psychosocial moderators of intervention effects on 12-month change in (1) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), (2) fruit/vegetable intake, (3) caloric intake from saturated fat, and (4) weight. Hierarchical regressions first compared Diet-First to Exercise-First, followed by comparisons of these arms combined (\"sequential\") to the simultaneous arm.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Older age, higher baseline BMI, and lower social support were associated with higher MVPA in Exercise-First vs. Diet-First, while lower tangible support was associated with higher fruit/vegetable intake in Exercise-First but not in Diet-First. Poor sleep was associated with higher levels of MVPA in the sequential arm than in the simultaneous arm. Lower vitality was associated with greater weight loss in the sequential arm than in the simultaneous arm, while the opposite was true for those who were not married.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Identifying moderators of treatment response can allow the behavioral medicine field to enhance intervention efficacy by matching participant subgroups to their best-fitting interventions.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>NCT00131105.</p>","PeriodicalId":54208,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Behavioral Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"80-91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11004089/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}