International Studies Review最新文献_第5页

Sourcing and Bias in the Study of Coups: Lessons from the Middle East 政变研究的来源和偏见:来自中东的教训

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-07-28 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad031

Salah Ben Hammou, Jonathan Powell, Bailey Sellers

引用次数: 1

Contested Facts: The Politics and Practice of International Fact-Finding Missions 有争议的事实:国际实况调查团的政治与实践

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-07-25 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad034

Max Lesch

{"title":"Contested Facts: The Politics and Practice of International Fact-Finding Missions","authors":"Max Lesch","doi":"10.1093/isr/viad034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viad034","url":null,"abstract":"International organizations (IOs) dispatch fact-finding missions to establish epistemic authority by objectively and impartially assessing contested facts. Despite this technocratic promise, they are often controversial and sometimes even fuel international disputes that challenge the epistemic authority of the dispatching organizations. Although the twenty-first century has witnessed a proliferation of United Nations (UN) commissions of inquiry, they have received surprisingly little attention in international relations (IR) scholarship. How can we explain this trend and the successes and failures of fact-finding missions, which sometimes even backfire on the IO authority? Drawing on IR theories of delegation, epistemic authority, and IO field operations as well as public international law scholarship on commissions of inquiry, this article develops an analytical framework for studying the delegation, implementation, and dissemination of fact-finding missions. It theorizes how and under what conditions international fact-finding missions close or widen credibility gaps and thus help to establish, maintain, or weaken the epistemic authority of IOs. The article illustrates this framework with a case study of the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Human Rights Situation in Chile, sent by the UN Commission on Human Rights in 1974 to investigate allegations of human rights violations and torture. The conclusion outlines a comparative research agenda on international fact-finding missions for IR that contributes to the study of knowledge production in IOs and the enforcement of international norms.","PeriodicalId":54206,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Review","volume":"25 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50164800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Escaping or Reinforcing Hierarchies? Norm Relations in Transitional Justice 逃避还是强化等级制度?转型期司法中的规范关系

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad022

Jinú Carvajalino, Maja Davidović

{"title":"Escaping or Reinforcing Hierarchies? Norm Relations in Transitional Justice","authors":"Jinú Carvajalino, Maja Davidović","doi":"10.1093/isr/viad022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viad022","url":null,"abstract":"The global project of transitional justice (TJ) traditionally has been packaged in a multi-pillar model with criminal justice, truth recovery, reparations, institutional reform, and memorialization, and the norms they enshrine, seemingly presented as interventions of equivalent status at the level of policy. This article aims to enhance the theorizing on TJ as a “norm cluster” by comparatively examining the relations between the norms found in the cluster in transitional practices in Colombia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. We claim that the relations between the norms of TJ are hierarchically organized, with the anti-impunity norm being positioned as normatively superior. Through an analysis of TJ processes in the two countries in the past three decades, we discuss how such a hierarchy was established, secured, and challenged. Our findings show that hierarchical relations arise primarily due to legitimacy concerns and are manifested as changes in the internal structure of the anti-impunity norm whereby its prescribed behaviors or measures, i.e., criminal trials, seek to fulfill a range of new values. We argue that, in search for ownership and legitimacy, political actors have overemphasized the role of criminal trials by increasing their “social weight” and positioned them as indispensable for achieving the values of truth, reconciliation, and non-recurrence, disturbing the internal structures and co-opting the spaces of other measures in the TJ norm cluster. Such normative superiority of anti-impunity is significant and detrimental for the TJ global project. It has resulted in other TJ mechanisms being weakened by or dependent on judicial procedures, and it has enhanced competing and revisionist truth-making while promoting a narrow understanding of accountability. Ultimately, we establish that the normative superiority of criminal justice continues to challenge the prospects of complex and comprehensive TJ and that the place of anti-impunity in the norm cluster should be rethought.","PeriodicalId":54206,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Review","volume":"28 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neoclassical Realism as a Theory for Correcting Mistakes: What State X Should Do Next Tuesday 新古典现实主义作为纠正错误的理论:X州下周二应该做什么

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-07-05 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad021

Thomas Juneau

{"title":"Neoclassical Realism as a Theory for Correcting Mistakes: What State X Should Do Next Tuesday","authors":"Thomas Juneau","doi":"10.1093/isr/viad021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viad021","url":null,"abstract":"Neoclassical realism has carved a unique niche by offering a theoretically derived and empirically rich foreign policy analysis framework. Over the years, it has branched out as a theory of mistakes (Type I), a theory of foreign policy (Type II), and a theory of international politics (Type III). This article proposes another challenge to consolidate its offer of a progressive research agenda to position it as a theory for correcting mistakes. The theory of mistakes version differentiates ideal from actual foreign policy. The ideal corresponds to foreign policy that follows the pressures and incentives of the international system; structural realism, the basis for this optimal baseline, is here viewed as a normative theory. If there is a gap between the ideal baseline and the actual outcome, then foreign policy is sub-optimal and therefore costly. According to neoclassical realists, this is the result of the intervention of domestic political processes hijacking foreign policy. It follows that pointing out how to reduce the distorting impact of these domestic variables should help steer foreign policy toward optimality. By identifying the negative consequences that follow from a sub-optimal foreign policy, a theory for correcting mistakes also opens the door to developing prescriptions to manage the inevitable fallout.","PeriodicalId":54206,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Review","volume":"28 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50165102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reassembling the Social in the Study of Religion and International Relations 宗教与国际关系研究中的社会重组

1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad037

Peter S Henne

引用次数: 0

The Complex Social Ontology of International Law on War 国际战争法的复杂社会本体论

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad025

S. Regilme

引用次数: 0

Classified and Secret: Understanding the Literature on Diversity in the Intelligence Sector 分类与秘密:了解情报部门多样性的文献

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad033

Elise Stephenson, S. Rimmer

{"title":"Classified and Secret: Understanding the Literature on Diversity in the Intelligence Sector","authors":"Elise Stephenson, S. Rimmer","doi":"10.1093/isr/viad033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/isr/viad033","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Intelligence services are important sites of contestation, often the foci of reform and calls for greater transparency. Yet, while growing attention has been paid to intersectionality, gender equality reform, and progress in other areas of international affairs, little of this same transparency and attention has been paid to diversity in the intelligence sector. This paper seeks to bridge the gap, comprising a systematic review of the literature on diversity in the intelligence sector to improve our understanding of what is known and what can be known about the history and current make-up of the intelligence sector—and those who “do intelligence work”. By identifying strengths and gaps in the literature and setting an agenda for future research within these “secret institutions”, this paper argues that the lack of transparency, data, and knowledge on the interplay of gender, race, and sexuality, among other aspects of diversity in intelligence, is deeply troubling. It hampers our knowledge of how the sector may be “gendered” or otherwise experienced, as well as how this particular area of the security sector may or may not be integrating gender and other perspectives into their work. This paper finds that diversity in the intelligence and national security sectors is both an asset and a liability to be managed. Diversity is seen as a source of intelligence gathering and analysis strength, as well as a potential threat to hegemonic masculinity in intelligence practice. Further, language and processes for promoting diversity in intelligence can reinforce stereotyped knowledge of marginalized groups that ultimately hamper calls for greater representation, diversity, inclusion, access, and opportunities in the intelligence sector.","PeriodicalId":54206,"journal":{"name":"International Studies Review","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75405528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Between Power and Irrelevance: The Future of Transnational NGOs 权力与无关:跨国非政府组织的未来

IF 3.3 1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad023

Ş. Bahçecik

引用次数: 1

Human Rights for Pragmatists: Social Power in Modern Times 实用主义者的人权:现代社会权力

1区社会学

International Studies Review Pub Date : 2023-06-23 DOI: 10.1093/isr/viad027

Jack Snyder

引用次数: 0

Correction to: Human Rights for Pragmatists: Social Power in Modern Times 更正:实用主义者的人权:现代社会权力