Lena Herrmann, Saskia Fahrenkrug, Carola Bindt, Inga Becker-Hebly
{"title":"[Gender Experiences of Transgender Youth: How Changeable is the Gender Experience of Binary vs. Nonbinary Identifying Transgender Youth and What Factors Are Involved?]","authors":"Lena Herrmann, Saskia Fahrenkrug, Carola Bindt, Inga Becker-Hebly","doi":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000957","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000957","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gender Experiences of Transgender Youth: How Changeable is the Gender Experience of Binary vs. Nonbinary Identifying Transgender Youth and What Factors Are Involved? <b>Abstract:</b> <i>Objectives:</i> Nonbinary gender identities are becoming increasingly visible in transgender healthcare and research. However, little is known about the various gender identities of transgender adolescents - whether they are stable or fluid and which factors influence their gender experience. The present study investigates these different aspects of gender in transgender adolescents with various gender identities. <i>Method:</i> The sample comprised a recent cohort of 114 adolescents diagnosed with gender dysphoria (GD) attending the Hamburg Gender Identity Service for Children and Adolescents (Hamburg GIS). We used the <i>Gender Diversity Questionnaire</i> to assess the different aspects of gender. <i>Results:</i> In total, 83 % of the sample reported a binary (BI) and 17 % a nonbinary gender identity or were still questioning their gender identity (NBGQ). 15-18 % of the transgender adolescents reported gender fluidity. The NBGQ group reported significantly higher levels of gender fluidity or more often that their gender identity was still open to change, respectively, than the BI group. Puberty (79 %), physical distress (70 %), and social media (36 %) were the most frequently mentioned factors influencing their gender experience. <i>Conclusions:</i> The present study underscores that gender experience is not binary and fixed for all transgender adolescents, but that, in some cases, it may be nonbinary or fluid. This heterogeneity, the possible fluidity, and the puberty-related physical distress may challenge treatment decisions in transgender adolescents diagnosed with GD. This situation highlights the importance of developing individualized treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":54189,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Kinder-Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"12-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Heidrun Lioba Wunram, Anna-Maria Kasparbauer, Max Oberste, Stephan Bender
{"title":"[Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression].","authors":"Heidrun Lioba Wunram, Anna-Maria Kasparbauer, Max Oberste, Stephan Bender","doi":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000954","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000954","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Movement as a Neuromodulator: How Physical Activity Influences the Physiology of Adolescent Depression <b>Abstract:</b> In the context of adolescent depression, physical activity is becoming increasingly recognized for its positive effects on neuropathology. Current scientific findings indicate that physical training affects the biological effects of depression during adolescence. Yet the pathophysiology of adolescent depression is not yet fully understood. Besides psychosocial and genetic influences, various neurobiological factors are being discussed. One explanation model describes a dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) with a sustained elevation in cortisol concentration. Recent studies highlight neuroimmunological processes and a reduced concentration of growth factors as causative factors. These changes appear to lead to a dysregulation of the excitation and inhibition balance of the cerebral cortex as well as to cerebral morphological alterations. Regular physical training can potentially counteract the dysregulation of the HPA axis and normalize cortisol levels. The release of proinflammatory cytokines is inhibited, and the expression of growth factors involved in adult neurogenesis is stimulated. One should ensure the synergistic interaction of biological and psychosocial factors when designing the exercise schedule (endurance or strength training, group or individual sports, frequency, duration, and intensity). Addressing these open questions is essential when integrating physical activity into the guidelines for treating depressive disorders in children and adolescents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54189,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Kinder-Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie","volume":" ","pages":"77-93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41240871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reinhard Belling, Martin Jung, Gerhard F Xf Rster, Marcel Romanos, Paul Bomke
{"title":"Die Versorgung von Kindern und Jugendlichen mit psychischen Erkrankungen.","authors":"Reinhard Belling, Martin Jung, Gerhard F Xf Rster, Marcel Romanos, Paul Bomke","doi":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000967","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000967","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54189,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Kinder-Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie","volume":"52 1","pages":"65-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139099227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation zur Reform des § 1631b BGB – eine kritische Kommentierung.","authors":"Renate Schepker","doi":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000973","DOIUrl":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000973","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54189,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Kinder-Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie","volume":"52 2","pages":"137-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Krise der Psychischen Gesundheit in Europa – Agendasetting für belastete Kinder und Jugendliche.","authors":"Jörg M Fegert, Karen Schlaegel","doi":"10.1024/1422-4917/a000977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1024/1422-4917/a000977","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54189,"journal":{"name":"Zeitschrift Fur Kinder-Und Jugendpsychiatrie Und Psychotherapie","volume":"52 3","pages":"145-149"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}