Solid Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"The slab failure in Central Java (Indonesia): New insight into its tectonic setting and origin","authors":"Shaban Godang ,&nbsp;Sugeng Purwo Saputro ,&nbsp;Huan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100199","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100199","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The geochemical and tectonic characteristics of volcanic formations in Central Java, specifically the Sumbing-Slamet volcanics, were investigated to understand the processes associated with slab failure in the region. Through comprehensive geochemical analysis and comparison with other volcanic formations, insights into the magmatic evolution and tectonic settings of the Sumbing-Slamet volcanics were gained. The findings support the hypothesis of slab tearing beneath Central Java, as evidenced by distinct geochemical signatures and magmatic interactions observed in the Sumbing-Slamet volcanics. Geochemical data reveal medium to high potassium content (K₂O = 0.77–2.32%), low Nb/Y (&lt;0.6561), low TiO₂ relative to Al₂O₃ [TiO₂ &lt; (−1.1610 + 0.1935 × Al₂O₃)], Th/La &gt;0.2, as well as a wide range of Nb/La and Nb/Zr (0.14–0.89 and 0.0304–0.0744, respectively), notable depletions in high-field strength elements (HFSE; such as Nb, Ti), low to high Ta-anomaly (δTa = 0.21–1.03), and whole-rock isotopes of ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr (0.704458–0.705800) and ¹⁴³Nd/¹⁴⁴Nd (0.513059–0.512766) demonstrate that they were formed from active continental margin (ACM) tectonics involving subducted sediment input. These magmatic processes likely resulted from the mixing of lithospheric and asthenospheric mantle sources due to slab failure in the northern part of Central Java. The research contributes to strengthening the geophysical view regarding the existence of slab tearing in Central Java, understanding the dynamic geological processes occurring in subduction zones, and emphasizing the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in studying such phenomena.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100199"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000370/pdfft?md5=b60d2415e7471906eb6608946c006767&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000370-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142077453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochemical constrains for unravelling the condition of sedimentation, provenance, paleoclimate variation, and metallogenic implication of the cretaceous deposits of Mayo Oulo Basin (North Cameroon, Africa)","authors":"J. Ngo Elogan Ntem ,&nbsp;V. Ngounfack Tiokeng ,&nbsp;R. Toyama ,&nbsp;Y. Berinyuy Konglim ,&nbsp;J.F. Takou ,&nbsp;N. Togoum ,&nbsp;T. Ngnotue ,&nbsp;M.S. Tchouatcha","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100188","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The sediments from the Mayo Oulo intracontinental Basin, along the N–S cross section between the Gadavou and Lombel localities in central part of the basin, were investigated through major and trace elements geochemistry associated with palynological analysis to determine their condition of sedimentation, paleoclimate evolution and metallogenic implication along the Cretaceous sequence from the N–S cross section of the central part of this basin. From bottom to top of this sequence there are various types of facies with various concentrations of carbonate. Based on their major oxides compositions, the sediments were classified as Shales associated with Fe-shales, Fe-sands, Wacke and Litharenite. The CIX (Chemical Index of Alteration, 62.65 to 98.14) and PIX (Plagioclase Index of Alteration, 65.00 to 99.13) sediments underwent a various chemical weathering; little chemical weathering in the middle to the upper part of the sequence and moderate to high chemical weathering in the lower part. The discriminant function-based multidimensional tectonic diagrams indicate mainly and respectively arc-collisional and Island arc-active continental margin settings which are consistent with the Precambrian geological history of the study area. The SiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; vs. Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;+K&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O + Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O, C-values, associated with trace elements plots such as Sr/Ba, and Rb/Sr, and palynological content (continental or terrestrial species exclusively, dominated by Gymnosperm pollens such as. &lt;em&gt;Inaperturopollenites&lt;/em&gt; sp., &lt;em&gt;Araucariacites&lt;/em&gt; sp. and &lt;em&gt;Classopollis&lt;/em&gt; sp, associated with spores such as &lt;em&gt;Cicatricosisporites&lt;/em&gt; sp) indicate mainly arid to semi-arid climate with periodic humid to semi-humid conditions. The Sr/Ba values ranging from 0.084 to 6.408 suggest a fluctuating and sometimes high salinity (Hypersaline milieu). The rare earth elements data show high LREE/HREE ratios (2.86–13.31); high negative and positive Eu anomaly (Eu/Eu∗ = 0.33 to 1.38) and no Ce anomaly (Ce/Ce∗ = 0.94 to 1.02); these features, together with mixed major and trace element ratios and plots such as, Al&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;/TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; ratios (14.31–54.26); Th/Co ratios (0.30–14.58); Ce vs La/Yb, Zr vs TiO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and La/Sc vs Th/Co plots, indicate that the sediments are derived mainly from felsic to intermediate or mafic rock composition. Ni/Co (1.86–3.59) and U/Th (0.03–0.76) ratios are consistent with oxic conditions from bottom to top of the sequence. The Al/Si ratio shows positive correlation with CIA, Th, Zr, Hf, Na, K and negative correlation with Ca and Mg. The positive correlation with K, Hf, Na, Zr, and Th from detrital origin and negative correlation with Ca and Mg from chemical origin could suggest the geochemical composition control of grain size. According to the ternary Al–Fe–Mn diagram metallogenic classification, the studied samples are essentially terrigenous and partially weakly metalliferous, clos","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000266/pdfft?md5=4e94c9fdd07d3dbb9c8f3ebf0bd6c084&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000266-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New genetic type of lithium mineralization","authors":"M.I. Tyumentseva,&nbsp;N.I. Akulov,&nbsp;A.I. Melnikov","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the southern part of the Siberian platform, a new genetic type of lithium mineralization was discovered in the Lower Cambrian halogen-carbonate formation of the Angara-Lena marginal trough, which arose as a result of the introduction of a fluid-saturated solution into the sedimentary cover of the platform. Focal hydrothermal development of halogen-carbonate deposits along deep faults led to the formation of lithium-bearing mineralization. A gradual reduction in tectonic activity within the Angara-Lena marginal trough was accompanied by the subsidence of hydrothermal-sedimentary deposits. In this case, the precipitated substance was dispersed and later transformed into layers. It has been established that the main lithium minerals are hectorite and lithiophorite. The results of a study of lithological and geochemical associations of rare earth elements in sections of Early Cambrian deposits of the studied lithium mineralization are presented.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100194"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000321/pdfft?md5=2312c7c3dbc321928ef89a3aa8f79733&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000321-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neoarchean subduction to back-arc extension in the North China Craton: Insights from the Dengfeng basic rock","authors":"Heng Liu ,&nbsp;Lin Sun ,&nbsp;Lei Liu ,&nbsp;Shuhab D. Khan ,&nbsp;Yongjun Gao ,&nbsp;Tianyang Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The scarcity of the early Precambrian geological record limits our comprehension of crucial information concerning interactions between the crust and mantle, mechanisms involved in subduction zone arc-continental collisions, as well as patterns of mantle enrichment and crustal growth during this epoch. The Dengfeng terrane in the North China Craton provides significant data on Precambrian crustal evolution, particularly within the Neoarchean magmatic suites. Our study focuses on a variety of basic rocks across several locations in this region. Basic rocks from Huishansi and Sanhuangzhai (2558–2525 Ma) exhibit characteristics such as low SiO₂ (45.44–56.54 wt%), K₂O (0.77–2.7 wt%), Na₂O (1.66–4.51 wt%), and high MgO (4.66–11.22 wt%) and FeO_T (8.17–13.77 wt%). Similarly, basic rocks from Shipaihe and Guojiayao (2480 Ma) also display low SiO₂ (46.16–52.48 wt%), K₂O (0.24–1.28 wt%), and Na₂O (1.87–3.75 wt%), with FeO_T (1.07–2.31 wt%), but feature higher content of MgO (5.33–8.83 wt%) and Mg^# (44–62, averaging 53). Both sets exhibit relatively flat REE patterns and weak negative anomalies in Nb, Ta, and Ti, corresponding to a tholeiitic basalt composition for the protoliths. Analyzing low (Hf/Sm)_N, (Nb/La)_N, and Th/Yb ratios, coupled with depleted HFSE, suggests potential crustal contamination in the rocks from Huishansi and Sanhuangzhai. Further, based on low V/Sc ratios (5.38–10.27, average 7.02) and depleted zircon Ɛ_Hf(t) values, our proposition is that the magma was sourced through partial melting of a depleted and relatively reduced mantle source. These findings offer valuable insights into the tectonic evolution of the Dengfeng terrane, spanning from subduction to post-collisional extension.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000308/pdfft?md5=3f538a94357dc691ede451eba4f9de6e&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000308-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of Earth's habitability regulated by deep earth processes","authors":"Yi-Gang Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100190","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100190"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X2400028X/pdfft?md5=cda7517f5452c7752a91e34f0ca72871&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X2400028X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141607759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Litho-stratigraphic characterization of hydrogeological and hydraulic flow units via electrical resistivity, Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots, and flow zone indicator models","authors":"Ndifreke I. Udosen,&nbsp;Aniekan M. Ekanem,&nbsp;Nyakno J. George","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Litho-stratigraphic characterization within hydrogeological units of a major aquifer system in Southern Nigeria was carried out using Electrical Resistivity (ER), Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots (SMLP), and Flow Zone Indicator (FZI) algorithms. The aim of integrating these technologies was to generate hydraulic flow units (HFU) that would describe the speed of flow and efficiency within the aquifer's stratigraphic units. Electrical Resistivity technology delineated four geoelectric layers within the study area: motley topsoil, coarse sand, fine sand, and sandy clay, with the aquiferous formation being the third layer. Via measures obtained from geo-electrical data, major geo-hydraulic parameters were estimated. The hydraulic conductivity ranged from 3.1 x 10⁻⁵ to 9.3 x 10⁻⁵ m/s, effective porosity ranged from 0.33 to 0.54, permeability ranged from 4362.9 to 13143.4 mD, tortuosity ranged from 0.85 to 0.97, Aquifer Quality Index (AQI) values ranged from 3.57 to 4.88 and Flow Zone Indicator values ranged from 4.11 to 7.00. The Stratigraphic Modified Lorenz Plots delineated the presence of three hydraulic flow units within the region. The first hydraulic flow zone was a superconductor with good efficiency ranking; the second and third flow zones were conductors having fair efficiency rankings. Results obtained from measures of Aquifer Quality Index (AQI) were employed to generate Discrete Rock Typing (DRT) results which indicated the presence of two distinct aquifer rock matrix types. The Dykstra-Parson co-efficient, employed in evaluation of aquifer heterogeneity, gave a value of unity, indicating perfect heterogeneity of the aquifer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000291/pdfft?md5=621369772622818cf06dcdf75eab1158&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000291-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141961245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fusion of GIS, remote sensing, geophysics and Dempster Shafer theory of evidence for mapping groundwater prospectivity: A case study of the central parts of Lagos State, Nigeria","authors":"K.S. Ishola ,&nbsp;M.O. Bakare ,&nbsp;A.I. Hamid-Mosaku ,&nbsp;C.J. Okolie ,&nbsp;K.T. Olagunju ,&nbsp;O.M. Oshikoya","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100196","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100196","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water utilization for different human activities is universally crucial, but it is not readily available for consumption in some areas, such as the central parts of Lagos State, Nigeria. Moreover, there are many groundwater controlling factors (GWCFs) spanning geological, geophysical, and hydrological factors that contribute to this scenario, coupled with uncertainties that necessitate their careful selection using appropriate modelling techniques. In this study, the Dempster–Shafer Theory of Evidential Belief Function (DST-EBF) model (a coupling approach) was deployed to produce a groundwater prospectivity zonation (GWPZ) map for the study areas. The choice of the selected locations was informed by the continued dearth of water supplies, necessitating the need to discover new locations or re-appraise the existing ones for groundwater resource development. Furthermore, remote sensing, geological, field geophysical, and hydrological datasets that constituted GWCFs were integrated into a Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Next, the computed values for the evidence of the mass functions (i.e., belief, disbelief, uncertainty, and plausibility) were combined using the Dempster–Shafer combination rule and then interpolated using the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW) method. Subsequently, the GWPZ map was generated and classified into five zones, ranging from very low to high prospectivity zones. The GWPZ map was validated using cross-validation to estimate statistical errors, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and the use of inverted resistivity models from the 2D electrical resistivity imaging surveys. All the metrics used for the validation provided good account for the classified GWPZ map. The north-eastern and the south-central parts are the most promising regions for groundwater, which could be harnessed for sustainable development through borehole drilling. Thus, the integration of the DST-EBF model and GIS for effective groundwater resources and uncertainty mapping was quite successful and impressively reliable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 3","pages":"Article 100196"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000345/pdfft?md5=bac8a29e0972964710d41d0ec7494df2&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000345-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geochronology and geochemistry of garnet from Tongguanshan skarn Cu deposit, Tongling, eastern China: insights into ore-forming process","authors":"Shan Huang,&nbsp;Jiancheng Xie,&nbsp;Quanzhong Li,&nbsp;Likai Ge,&nbsp;Liu Yang,&nbsp;Jun Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Skarn Cu deposits are one of most important deposit-type in Middle-Lower Yangtze River region, eastern China, but skarn formation process remains unclear. Mineralogical, morphological and in situ geochemical data from the skarn stage of Tongguanshan skarn Cu deposit in Tongling region are systemically investigated, to reveal the timing, physical-chemical conditions, and fluid evolution during the skarn formation. The Tongguanshan garnets can be identified homogeneous and unzoned early generation garnet (GrtI), and oscillating zoned late generation garnet (GrtII) with the Fe-rich core (GrtII-Fe) and Al-rich edge (GrtII-Al). Garnet U–Pb dating results show that the Tongguanshan Cu mineralization was formed in 145.6 ± 4.4 Ma. In situ elemental composition results of the garnet samples indicate that they belong to grossular-andradite solid solution series, and are a magmatic-hydrothermal origin. The distinctly geochemical characteristics (e.g., Sn and U contents, (La/Yb)_N, δEu and Y/Ho values) reveal that the physiochemical conditions from GrtI to GrtII-Fe, and GrtII-Fe to GrtII-Al stages in the Tongguanshan skarn formation were an increase and a decrease of fluid salinity and oxygen fugacity, closed to open and then to closed of fluid environment, and neutral-weakly acidic to acidic and acidic to neutral-weakly acidic of fluid pH, respectively. A comprehensive discriminant analysis indicates a fluid boiling occurred in the GrtI to GrtII-Fe stage of the Tongguanshan skarn Cu deposit, and there is little or no external fluid mixed during the skarn stage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100167"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000059/pdfft?md5=7a210b3f973ca909ba35c89b02ef9ee2&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000059-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petrogenesis, metallogenesis, and geodynamic setting of the Zhuqing gabbroic intrusion and associated Fe–Ti–V oxide deposits in the SW Yangtze Block, South China","authors":"Dan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanbao Song ,&nbsp;Zhiming Sun ,&nbsp;Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Th<strong>e</strong> Zhuqing vanadium–titanium magnetite is a large deposit recently discovered in the western margin of the Yangtze Block, where the Zhuqing gabbroic intrusion and associated Fe–Ti–V oxide deposits are fund and dated at 1647 ± 39 Ma (MSWD = 0.79) through U–Pb dating of gabbro zircons. The εHf(t) values of zircons are all positive, with an average of 10.7. The average age of the one-stage model age (T_DM) is 1661 Ma, which is very close to the diagenetic and metallogenic age 1647 ± 39 Ma (MSWD = 0.79). These new results indicate that the magma source come directly from the mantle. The contents of Al₂O₃, CaO, and (Na₂O + K₂O) increases with the increase of SiO₂ contents, while, the contents of MgO, TiO₂, and Fe₂O₃ decreases with the increase of SiO₂ contents. Mg^# is relatively stable with the increase of SiO₂ contents. In the primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider diagrams and chondrite-normalized rare earth element patterns, the characteristics of all samples are similar to that of ocean island basalts (OIBs), showing a right inclination curve. Meanwhile the western margin of the Yangtze Block as an essential part of the supercontinent of Colombia, began to extend at 1.7 Ga, lasted to ca. 1.4 Ga, and finally split. These suggest that the Zhuqing gabbroic intrusion and associated Fe–Ti–V oxide deposits with OIB characteristics formed in the Late Paleoproterozoic, which is a response to the breakup of the Colombian supercontinent in the western margin of the Yangtze Block.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X2400014X/pdfft?md5=56b33865de76dfbce3515500924c7155&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X2400014X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140605606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mineralization of Zr-REE-Y in the Ngaoumbol iron formations, central Cameroon: Insights from petrography, mineral chemistry and whole rock geochemistry","authors":"Guy Bertin Takam Tchoupe ,&nbsp;Ekah Nzume Ndime ,&nbsp;Donald Hermann Fossi ,&nbsp;Arlette Soh Djoukouo ,&nbsp;Milan Stafford Tchouatcha ,&nbsp;Steven Arnold Mbita Motto ,&nbsp;Sylvestre Ganno ,&nbsp;Jean Paul Nzenti","doi":"10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sesci.2024.100178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing importance of rare earth elements (REE) and critical metals in contemporary society has led us to investigate the mineral potential of the Ngaoumbol area, located within Cameroon's Central African Fold Belt (CAFB). In this study, we have conducted a comprehensive analysis that includes petrography, whole rock geochemistry, and mineral chemistry, along with the application of an outlook coefficient known as Koult, with the aim to evaluate the prospectivity of the Ngaoumbol iron formations as a potential source of REE-Y resources. This coefficient is defined as the ratio of the relative abundance of critical Rare Earth Elements to the relative abundance of excess REE. The iron formations in the Ngaoumbol area are fine-to medium-grained foliated rocks with alternating magnetite and actinolite bands and quartz bands, suggesting a sedimentary parentage. These rocks have an average REE-Y content of 1438.43 ppm and a Koult of 0.77, indicating their potential as raw sources for REE. Furthermore, the investigated samples exhibit high average Zr content (7748 ppm), suggesting that the rocks may host potentially economic Zr ore. The Zr-REE-Y mineralization in the Ngaoumbol area is hosted in detrital zircon, monazite and xenotime, probably deriving from the weathering of alkaline/subalkaline rocks surrounding the deposits. Our findings suggest that the Ngaoumbol area has promising REE and Zr resources. However, further exploration and evaluation are necessary to determine the extent and economic viability of these resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54172,"journal":{"name":"Solid Earth Sciences","volume":"9 2","pages":"Article 100178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451912X24000163/pdfft?md5=2f786786a7f2ca785cf2ff9bfb4a9839&pid=1-s2.0-S2451912X24000163-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140878536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}