Design Science最新文献_第9页

Mapping the types of modularity in open-source hardware 映射开源硬件中的模块化类型

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.11

K. Gavras, Vasilis Kostakis

引用次数: 2

The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented? 个性化TRIZ发明原则的过程:确定性，随机还是面向领域?

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-06-04 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.12

Y. Borgianni, Lorenzo Fiorineschi, F. S. Frillici, F. Rotini

{"title":"The process for individuating TRIZ Inventive Principles: deterministic, stochastic or domain-oriented?","authors":"Y. Borgianni, Lorenzo Fiorineschi, F. S. Frillici, F. Rotini","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.12","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although TRIZ is widely acknowledged as a powerful aid to improve efficacy and efficiency of the creative design process, practitioners diffusedly experience difficulties in the selection of the most suitable tool. Such an issue represents a severe limitation in consideration of the large number of tools TRIZ offers. Here, Inventive Principles (IPs) are acknowledged as the most popular TRIZ technique, and their conjointly use with the Contradiction Matrix makes the selection of the appropriate IP a sufficiently supported task. However, the reliability of the Contradiction Matrix is often questioned and an agreement on a solid and reliable procedure for the selection of IPs is far from being reached. In such a context, the paper investigates the recurrence of IPs to solve contradictions, with reference to a classification framework that takes into consideration the nature of the problem to be solved and the technical-scientific domain it belongs to. The outcomes of the analysis reveal that leveraged IPs are considerably related with the technical-scientific domain and the nature of the problem to be solved. The found relationships are worth delving into and translating into selection guidelines.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.12","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42004593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Systematic development of load-path dependent FLM-FRP lightweight structures 依赖荷载路径的FLM-FRP轻型结构的系统开发

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-04-22 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.9

Harald Voelkl, S. Wartzack

引用次数: 1

Design thinking and computational thinking: a dual process model for addressing design problems 设计思维与计算思维:解决设计问题的双重过程模型

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-04-20 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.7

Nick Kelly, J. Gero

{"title":"Design thinking and computational thinking: a dual process model for addressing design problems","authors":"Nick Kelly, J. Gero","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper proposes a relationship between design thinking and computational thinking. It describes design thinking and computational thinking as two prominent ways of understanding how people address design problems. It suggests that, currently, each of design thinking and computational thinking is defined and theorized in isolation from the other. A two-dimensional ontological space of the ways that people think in addressing problems is proposed, based on the orientation of the thinker towards problem and solution generality/specificity. Placement of design thinking and computational thinking within this space and discussion of their relationship leads to the suggestion of a dual process model for addressing design problems. It suggests that, in this model, design thinking and computational thinking are processes that are ontological mirror images of each other, and are the two processes by which thinkers address problems. Thinkers can move fluently between the two. The paper makes a contribution towards the theoretical foundations of design thinking and proposes questions about how design thinking and computational thinking might be both investigated and taught as constituent parts of a dual process.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41625377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 12

Network models and sensor layers to design adaptive learning using educational mapping 使用教育映射设计自适应学习的网络模型和传感器层

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.8

Luwen Huang, K. Willcox

{"title":"Network models and sensor layers to design adaptive learning using educational mapping","authors":"Luwen Huang, K. Willcox","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A network modelling approach to educational mapping leads to a scalable computational model that supports adaptive learning, intelligent tutors, intelligent teaching assistants, and data-driven continuous improvement. Current educational mapping processes are generally applied at a level of resolution that is too coarse to support adaptive learning and learning analytics systems at scale. This paper proposes a network modelling approach to structure extremely fine-grained statements of learning ability called Micro-outcomes, and a method to design sensors for inferring a learner’s knowledge state. These sensors take the form of high-resolution assessments and trackers that collect digital analytics. The sensors are linked to Micro-outcomes as part of the network model, enabling inference and pathway analysis. One example demonstrates the modelling approach applied to two community college subjects in College Algebra and Introductory Accounting. Application examples showcase how this modelling approach provides the design foundation for an intelligent tutoring system and intelligent teaching assistant system deployed at Arapahoe Community College and Quinsigamond Community College. A second example demonstrates the modelling approach deployed in an undergraduate aerospace engineering subject at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology to support course planning and teaching improvement.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44191120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Physical prototyping rationale in design student projects: an analysis based on the concept of purposeful prototyping 设计学生项目中的物理原型原理:基于有目的原型概念的分析

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.6

Konstantinos Petrakis, A. Wodehouse, A. Hird

{"title":"Physical prototyping rationale in design student projects: an analysis based on the concept of purposeful prototyping","authors":"Konstantinos Petrakis, A. Wodehouse, A. Hird","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Prototyping constitutes a major theme of design education and an integral part of engineering design academic courses. Physical prototypes and the model building process, in particular, have been proved to boost students’ creativity and resourcefulness and assist in the better evaluation of concepts. However, students’ usage of prototypes has still not been explored in depth with the aim of being transformed into educational guidelines. This paper presents an investigation of students’ reasoning behind prototyping activities based on the concept of Purposeful Prototyping, developed in the authors’ previous work. This is performed by identifying instances of prototype use in students’ design projects and by discovering which types of prototyping purposes they apply and to what extent, as well as by studying the relationships between purposes, early design stages, academic performance and project planning. The analysis of the results shows that prototyping can support students’ learning objectives by acting as a project scheduling tool and highlights the contribution of early-stage prototyping in academic performance. It is also confirmed that students’ limited prototyping scope prevents them from gaining prototyping’s maximum benefits and that they require strategic guidelines tailored to their needs. A new, improved list of prototyping purposes is proposed based on the study’s results.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45947405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Facilitating design: examining the effects of facilitator’s neutrality on trust and potency in an exploratory experimental study 促进设计:在一项探索性实验研究中考察促进者的中立性对信任和效力的影响

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.5

A. Wróbel, C. Lomberg, P. Cash

{"title":"Facilitating design: examining the effects of facilitator’s neutrality on trust and potency in an exploratory experimental study","authors":"A. Wróbel, C. Lomberg, P. Cash","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Facilitation style appears to be an important determinant of design team effectiveness. The neutrality of the group facilitator may be a key factor; however, the characteristics and impact of neutrality are relatively understudied. In a designed classroom setting, we examine the impact of two different approaches to group facilitation: (i) facilitator’s neutrality expressed as low equidistance and high impartiality and (ii) facilitator’s neutrality expressed as high equidistance and low impartiality, on team trust, trust to the facilitator and team potency. To do this, we conducted a repeated-measures experiment with a student sample. Our results indicate that facilitators expressing neutrality through low equidistance and high impartiality had a greater positive impact on team trust. The two approaches did not differ on team potency and facilitator trust. These results contribute to developing theories of design facilitation and team effectiveness by suggesting how facilitation may shape team trust and potency in group design. Based on our findings, we point to the need for future work to further examine the impact of facilitator’s process awareness and neutrality, and show how facilitation methods may benefit teams during creative design teamwork.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47751850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

On the bead design in LFT structures: the influence of manufacturing-induced residual stresses 在LFT结构的头设计:制造诱导残余应力的影响

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.4

S. Revfi, Marvin Mikus, K. Behdinan, A. Albers

{"title":"On the bead design in LFT structures: the influence of manufacturing-induced residual stresses","authors":"S. Revfi, Marvin Mikus, K. Behdinan, A. Albers","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the design of long fibre reinforced thermoplastic (LFT) structures, there is a direct dependency on the manufacturing. Therefore, it is indispensable to integrate the manufacturing influences into the design process. This not only offers new opportunities for material- and load-adapted designs, but also reduces cost-intensive modifications in later stages. The goal of this contribution is to make the complexity manageable by presenting a method which couples LFT manufacturing and structural simulations in an automated optimization loop. Herein, the influence of linear-elastic, local anisotropic material properties as well as residual stresses resulting from the compression molding of LFT on the stiffness-optimized design of beaded plates is investigated. Based on the simulation studies in this contribution, it can be summarized that the resulting bead height and flank angle, considering anisotropies and residual stresses, are smaller compared to isotropic modelling. As a conclusion, the strength constraint limits the maximum bead height and the flank angle needs to be additionally chosen as a consequence of the local fibre orientations and residual stresses resulting from manufacturing. Optimized bead cross sections are only valid for a specific system under investigation, as they depend on the defined boundary conditions (load case, initial charge geometry and position, fibre orientations, etc.).","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42828833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Design at hackathons: new opportunities for design research 黑客马拉松中的设计:设计研究的新机会

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-02-22 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2021.1

Meagan Flus, A. Hurst

{"title":"Design at hackathons: new opportunities for design research","authors":"Meagan Flus, A. Hurst","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2021.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2021.1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Hackathons are short-term events at which participants work in small groups to ideate, develop and present a solution to a problem. Despite their popularity, and significant relevance to design research, they have only recently come into research focus. This study presents a review of the existing literature on the characteristics of designing at hackathons. Hackathon participants are found to follow typical divergence–convergence patterns in their design process throughout the hackathon. Unique features include the initial effort to form teams and the significant emphasis on preparing and delivering a solution demo at the final pitch. Therefore, hackathons present themselves as a unique setting in which design is conducted and learned, and by extension, can be studied. Overall, the review provides a foundation to inform future research on design at hackathons. Methodological limitations of current studies on hackathons are discussed and the feasibility of more systematic studies of design in these types of settings is assessed. Further, we explore how the unique nature of the hackathon format and the diverse profiles of hackathon participants with regards to subject matter knowledge, design expertise and prior hackathon experience may affect design cognition and behaviour at each stage of the design process in distinctive ways.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2021.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47059136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 23

The cognitive experience of engineering design: an examination of first-year student stress across principal activities of the engineering design process 工程设计的认知体验：一年级学生在工程设计过程中主要活动的压力测试

IF 2.4

Design Science Pub Date : 2021-02-22 DOI: 10.1017/dsj.2020.32

H. Nolte, Christopher McComb

{"title":"The cognitive experience of engineering design: an examination of first-year student stress across principal activities of the engineering design process","authors":"H. Nolte, Christopher McComb","doi":"10.1017/dsj.2020.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/dsj.2020.32","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The engineering design process can produce stress that endures even after it has been completed. This may be particularly true for students who engage with the process as novices. However, it is not known how individual components of the design process induce stress in designers. This study explored the cognitive experience of introductory engineering design students during concept generation, concept selection and physical modelling to identify stress signatures for these three design activities. Data were collected for the design activities using pre- and post-task surveys. Each design activity produced distinct markers of cognitive experience and a unique stress signature that was stable across design activity themes. Rankings of perceived sources of stress also differed for each design activity. Students, however, did not perceive any physiological changes due to the stress of design for any of the design activities. Findings indicate that physical modelling was the most stressful for students, followed by concept generation and then concept selection. Additionally, recommendations for instructors of introductory engineering design courses were provided to help them apply the results of this study. Better understanding of the cognitive experience of students during design can support instructors as they learn to better teach design.","PeriodicalId":54146,"journal":{"name":"Design Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/dsj.2020.32","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42992943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6