{"title":"Optimal Power Allocation for Secure Transmission in Untrusted Relay Networks with Alamouti Space-Time Block Coding","authors":"Shen Qian","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0140","url":null,"abstract":"This work explores the impact of optimal power allocation on the physical layer security of lossy decode-and-forward untrusted relay networks using Alamouti Space-Time Block Code (STBC). We introduce the reliable-and-secure probability (RSP) metric to measure the likelihood of successful message recovery at the destination while ensuring the message remains unintelligible to the relays. In high spectral efficiency scenarios, allocating more power to the untrusted relay significantly enhances the RSP, surpassing low spectral efficiency results. A balanced power allocation between the source and the relay, with Alamouti STBC, achieves a high RSP. However, the peak RSP is achieved when the power contributions from the source and the relay are balanced.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 12","pages":"496-499"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713858","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yukio Toyoshima;Tomoya Hatano;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida
{"title":"Dynamic Hardware Accelerator Selection Achieving Optimal Utilization of Resources","authors":"Yukio Toyoshima;Tomoya Hatano;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0152","url":null,"abstract":"Edge computing with offloading over a network is being considered for enabling users to use advanced applications such as autonomous control applications. When network transmission time and/or task-processing time change, the total offloading time also varies. To guarantee low latency of offloading service in this case, over-performance hardware accelerator (HWA) must be assigned on edge computing, which leads to inefficient HWA resource allocation. To address this issue, we propose a method of selecting a HWA corresponding to change of the network transmission time and/or task-processing time. The proposed method refers past transmission times and input data size for the offload, enabling the prediction of changes in network transmission time and/or task-processing time. We evaluated the time for offloading through simulation and found that our method achieves a high percentage of offloads requested by users while efficiently using HWAs.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 12","pages":"504-508"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamic Mobile X-Haul Reconfiguration by Fast Network Switching for Low-Latency MEC Service","authors":"Takumi Harada;Tatsuya Shimada;Tomoaki Yoshida","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0135","url":null,"abstract":"The architectural flexibility of the Radio Access Network (RAN) is expected to be enhanced by applying Network Function Virtualization (NFV) to realize low-latency Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC). In order to provide on-demand MEC service tailored to the user's demands, RAN and the optical network should be constructed quickly without service interruption. In this paper, we propose a network and RAN control method that ensures cooperation of the network controller and RAN controller. It can switch network and RAN at the same time by simple reconfiguration. We evaluate the service interruption time by using the proposed method in some experimental setups in a comparison with the existing method. Finally, we confirm the proposed method enables faster reconfiguration than the network operator method.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 12","pages":"500-503"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Three-Dimensional Balun with a Bent Non-Contact Connector","authors":"Ryunosuke Murofushi;Nobuhiro Kuga;Eiji Hanayama","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024ATL0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024ATL0011","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a three-dimensional balun with a balanced non-contact connector in this letter. Both measurement and simulation results show that the proposed connector has good reflection below −20 dB and transmission of almost 0 dB over a 14.6% fractional bandwidth in the 2 GHz band.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 2","pages":"51-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of Angular Dependence of Angular Profile in DOA Measurement Method using Rotating Reflector Antenna","authors":"Toshiki Hozen;Kazuma Tomimoto;Tomonori Ikeda;Ryo Yamaguchi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024ATL0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024ATL0012","url":null,"abstract":"In next-generation mobile communications, the proactive use of millimeter-wave and terahertz-wave frequencies, which can secure a wide frequency bandwidth, is anticipated. The authors reported a measurement method using a rotating reflector antenna to realize high-speed direction-of-arrival (DOA) measurement by rotating a large-aperture antenna at these frequencies. The authors previous method adopted a circularly polarized antenna as the primary radiator to accommodate the polarization rotation of the antenna. However, this method had the issue of angular dependence in the angular profile. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a measurement method that uses an orthogonally polarized antenna as the primary radiator of a rotating reflector antenna for rotational measurements, and processes the acquired data offline. To confirm the effectiveness of the proposed method, a demonstration experiment is conducted in an anechoic chamber, and it is shown that an angular profile with less angular dependence can be obtained than using a circularly polarized antenna as the primary radiator. We also show that the proposed method is capable of fast DOA measurement.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 2","pages":"47-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143107194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"QRD-Based Precoding Design for Multiuser Massive MIMO Null-Space Expansion","authors":"Yuki Sasaki;Kabuto Arai;Kazuki Maruta","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0150","url":null,"abstract":"This article proposes a precoding weight suitable for null-space expansion (NSE) in multi-user massive multiple-input multiple-output (MU-mMIMO). NSE improves inter-user interference (IUI) suppression performance by steering multiple nulls for interfering user terminals (UTs). However, NSE faces challenges in effectively forming beams and nulls for IUI suppression, as well as in managing the computational complexity for precoding. We employ QR decomposition-based Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization (QRGSO) as a precoding algorithm suitable for NSE. Computer simulation demonstrates the superiority of the proposed scheme in terms of IUI suppression performance and computation complexity.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 12","pages":"509-512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10713513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Preamble Detection Method for RSS Data Synchronization in WLAN Monitoring","authors":"Morihiko Tamai;Akio Hasegawa;Hiroyuki Yokoyama","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0134","url":null,"abstract":"Received signal strength (RSS) data is one of the useful data types for understanding wireless link quality. To perform WLAN monitoring over a wide area of the target environment, it is necessary to use multiple sensor nodes to observe RSS data at various positions. In this situation, achieving synchronization among sensor nodes is challenging. In this paper, we propose a synchronization method for different sets of RSS data. In our method, by analyzing In-phase and Quadrature (IQ) samples, the preamble, which is part of a wireless frame, is detected, and the reception start timing of each preamble is used as a synchronization timing point. Through experiments in an actual indoor environment, we confirmed that our method can achieve the synchronization accuracy of less than 1 µs between different sets of RSS data.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 11","pages":"435-439"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10675420","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lei Jiang;Nopphon Keerativoranan;Tad Matsumoto;Jun-ichi Takada
{"title":"Factor Graph-Based Technique for Trajectory Tracking of Target with High Mobility","authors":"Lei Jiang;Nopphon Keerativoranan;Tad Matsumoto;Jun-ichi Takada","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0132","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a trajectory tracking algorithm for high-mobility targets using an extended Kalman smoothing (EKS)-based factor graph (FG). Traditional tracking methods often face challenges in maintaining accuracy and computational efficiency when dealing with fast-moving objects. Leveraging the probabilistic framework of factor graphs and robust estimation of EKS, the algorithm enhances tracking precision for fast-moving objects. Extensive simulations across various motion models demonstrate improved accuracy and robustness. The results indicate that this method effectively addresses the limitations of conventional tracking algorithms, providing a promising solution for applications in aviation, autonomous vehicles, and other domains requiring high-mobility tracking.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 11","pages":"431-434"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10675312","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Black Magic 5G Sidelink”: Transparently Extending Short-Range Black-Box Wearable Sensors to a Wide Area via 5G Sidelink","authors":"Makoto Nomura;Akihiro Nakao","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0143","url":null,"abstract":"Human motion capture has various use cases such as digital twinning. Most wearable sensing devices to capture data employ short-range wireless protocols such as serial communications over Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) to satisfy the requirement of low power consumption. On the other hand, the short-range wireless communications limit the applications of human motion capture since digital twinning is often considered more useful in a wide area, e.g., capturing motions of sports players in a large stadium, etc. However, the problem is that replacing BLE with 5G for the existing sensors is not favorable for developers due to the additional cost of re-designing the system, not to mention that it is infeasible for end-users as the sensor protocol is proprietary. In order to overcome this challenge, we propose “black-magic 5G Sidelink” to extend the range of the existing human motion capture sensing system with serial communications via BLE, “transparently” tunneling the black-box sensor protocols over 5G. Our contributions are threefold. First, we propose a viable architecture of transparent extension of any existing BLE serial sensor systems to a wide area. Second, we actually implement the proposed system. Third, our evaluation reveals that the captured data from many people can be efficiently acquired with a low latency of about 40 msec over a wide area, and thus shows the feasibility of transparently extending short-range black-box wearable sensors to a wide area via 5G Sidelink by our proposal.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 11","pages":"444-448"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10675418","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142600424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wideband Circularly Polarized Two-Element MIMO Antenna with Polarization Diversity","authors":"Zin Mar Phyo;Takafumi Fujimoto;Chai-Eu Guan","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024COL0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024COL0021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a wideband MIMO (multiple input multiple output) antenna operating Sub 6 GHz 5G frequency band with circular polarization (CP). It comprises two identical printed monopole antennas (PMAs) with disconnected ground planes, spaced at \u0000<tex>$0:051 lambda_{0}$</tex>\u0000 (\u0000<tex>$lambda_{0}$</tex>\u0000 is a free-space wavelength at lowest frequency). An inverted U-shaped parasitic element reduces the mutual coupling and improves the axial ratio (AR), while a substrate cavity reflector is installed to be completely CP antenna and increase the absolute gain in the boresight direction. The proposed antenna achieves a measured 10dB impedance and 3dB AR bandwidth of 46.58% (3.03 - 4.95 GHz) with a maximum gain of 5.39 dBic. Notably, polarization in the far-field can be switched between right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) and left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) by changing the exciting port. Experimental measurements validate the antenna's performance within the desirable frequency range.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 12","pages":"487-491"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10675419","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142761497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}