Britain and the World最新文献

Contesting an Elastic Constitution: British Nationality and Protection in the Mandates 弹性宪法之争:英国国籍与委任中的保护

4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0407

Augusta Waldie

{"title":"Contesting an Elastic Constitution: British Nationality and Protection in the Mandates","authors":"Augusta Waldie","doi":"10.3366/brw.2023.0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2023.0407","url":null,"abstract":"Current studies of British citizenship and nationality neglect the development of legal frameworks prior to the Second World War. A growing body of literature, invigorated by the 2017 Windrush scandal, charts the collapse of imperial citizenship as a dimension of British decolonisation from the 1960s onwards. In contrast, this article analyses how the British empire’s framework of national belonging became strained during the early 1920s, as Dominion leaders increasingly asserted their own sense of statehood and the League of Nations mandates system introduced new forms of imperial rule. The article considers General Jan Smuts’ decision to afford British naturalisation to 7,000 German colonists residing in the mandate of South-West Africa. League officials argued that Smuts’ scheme undermined the anti-annexationist ‘spirit’ of the Covenant, because mass naturalisation represented a practical declaration of South African sovereignty in the mandate. Meanwhile, British mandarins in the Home, Colonial, and Foreign Offices believed Smuts’ policy would destabilise the empire’s constitutional distinctions between territorial zones of formal and informal imperial governance. They also feared it would inspire subaltern inhabitants of other British-protected foreign spaces, especially mandatory Palestine and the Indian princely states, to similarly demand naturalisation in order to claim stronger legal rights for themselves as British subjects. Ultimately, Smuts leveraged his political stature to secure British and League consent for his plan. To maintain a façade of constitutional coherence and metropolitan control, Whitehall mandarins recast Smuts’ naturalisation scheme as an imperial anomaly. Non-European inhabitants of the British mandates, and the wider informal empire, were granted the uncodified, indeterminate status of ‘British Protected Persons’ (BPPs). Recent scholarship has recognised BPP status as a form of de facto statelessness. Inter-war policymakers in the Home and Colonial Offices drew similar parallels, this article shows.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0403

引用次数: 0

In Mutual Recognition of the Value of Seapower: Anglo-American Unity and the Destroyers Transferred Under the Destroyers-for-Bases Deal 海权价值的相互承认:英美统一与驱逐舰换基地协议下的驱逐舰转让

4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0406

Jayne Friend

{"title":"In Mutual Recognition of the Value of Seapower: Anglo-American Unity and the Destroyers Transferred Under the Destroyers-for-Bases Deal","authors":"Jayne Friend","doi":"10.3366/brw.2023.0406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2023.0406","url":null,"abstract":"When the town of Lewes in Sussex commissioned a plaque to commemorate an ex-American destroyer adopted as a part of their Warship Week in the Autumn of 1942, an Admiralty representative stated that the ship symbolised the ‘imperishable’ and ‘unbreakable’ links existent between Britain and America. 1 The local newspaper also reported, ‘The people living in the country did not fully appreciate all that was meant by the term ‘sea power’ and that ‘they existed today through the work of ships like HMS Lewes.’ 2 This article examines the symbolic role of the fifty destroyers transferred under the 1940 destroyers for bases deal, and argues that they became potent emblems of Anglo-American unity. It explores the rhetoric, propaganda, adoptions and naming practices which surrounded the transfer of the destroyers to argue that they were tangible symbols used to publicly navigate issues of British identity and naval power raised by the deal. By examining the ways in which the ships were renamed, repurposed and adopted by regional communities, this paper will demonstrate that the ships were predominantly valuable for their perceived promotion of the relationship between the two navies, governments and nations.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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Lusaka: New Capital and the Imperial Garden City Movement 卢萨卡:新首都和皇家园林城市运动

4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0404

John M. MacKenzie

{"title":"Lusaka: New Capital and the Imperial Garden City Movement","authors":"John M. MacKenzie","doi":"10.3366/brw.2023.0404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2023.0404","url":null,"abstract":"The colonial Garden City Movement represents the culmination of a whole sequence of relationships between botany and imperialism that had developed from the seventeenth century onwards, but particularly in the Victorian era. Botany was central to the transnationality of imperialism and botanical exploration while plant collecting fed into many Victorian phenomena in Britain which also had their colonial counterparts. These were intended to alleviate the social, environmental and medical evils of industrialism, providing a closer interaction between the rural and the urban. They included the creation of green belts, the founding of model villages, the emergence of municipal public parks and botanical gardens, and finally the garden city movement. By these means it was intended that industrial (and sometimes rural) workers should experience a healthier lifestyle, as well as a social uplift which would mitigate class conflict while also providing rational recreation. In the export of garden city ideas to the British Empire, there were additionally significant colonial precedents in street tree planting and in the beautification movement of the Victorian era and early twentieth century. This article specifically focuses upon the translation of aspects of this garden city movement and of these other influences into the creation of the new capital of Lusaka in Northern Rhodesia (Zambia) in the twentieth century and the manner in which a great diversity of both indigenous and exotic plants were used to express the idealistic characteristics of this urban development while also reflecting the social and racial norms inherent in the colonial relationship.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134995805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Beyond God, Country, and Empire: The United Kingdom and the Transnational Turn in the First World War 超越上帝、国家和帝国:第一次世界大战中的联合王国和跨国转向

4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0405

Tammy M. Proctor

引用次数: 0

The ‘Myth’ of Beaumont-Hamel: Counter-Monumentality and Newfoundland Identity in Edward Riche's Dedication 博蒙特-哈默尔的“神话”:爱德华·里奇《奉献》中的反纪念性和纽芬兰身份

IF 0.2 4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0399

B. White

{"title":"The ‘Myth’ of Beaumont-Hamel: Counter-Monumentality and Newfoundland Identity in Edward Riche's Dedication","authors":"B. White","doi":"10.3366/brw.2023.0399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3366/brw.2023.0399","url":null,"abstract":"The First World War has had an indelible impact on Newfoundland, shaping not only its relationship with Britain and empire, but also its union with Canada in 1949. For some, the Battle of the Somme was a powerful display of Newfoundland's identity as a British dominion and its loyalty to the mother country. Many Newfoundlanders, however, lament the tragic economic and political consequences of Newfoundland's war service that many believe led to its loss of independence and its union with Canada decades later. Edward Riche's 2017 play Dedication explores the legacy of the First World War on Newfoundland identity and the province's continued positive association with Sir Douglas Haig through the dramatisation of a grieving female journalist interviewing Haig in St. John's in 1924, just before the unveiling of the national war memorial. The play grapples with themes of colonisation, patriotism, and duty as the playwright seeks to challenge the prevailing myth of identity grounded in glorious sacrifice. While the interview in the play raises questions about the war's legacy through its focus on the dedication of the WWI monument by Haig himself, Riche interrogates Newfoundland's established memory of the war, as well as the value of monuments as historical markers of memory and identity.","PeriodicalId":53867,"journal":{"name":"Britain and the World","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78309243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0396

引用次数: 0

Australian Squatter Space 1850–1880 1850-1880年澳大利亚的棚户区

IF 0.2 4区历史学

Britain and the World Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.3366/brw.2023.0400

Paula Jane Byrne

引用次数: 1

Soft Power and Hard Choices: Royal Diplomacy in the Carolean Age 软实力与艰难抉择:加洛林时代的王室外交

IF 0.2 4区历史学