Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College最新文献

{"title":"Visual Inspection of Cervix with Acetic Acid (VIA): An Effective Method of Screening for Cervical Cancer","authors":"Fauzi Ali, Tazeen Fatima Munim, S. Nadeem, A. Khatoon, Nazish Shaukat","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i2.467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i2.467","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess diagnostic accuracy of visual inspection of cervix with 3-5% acetic acid(VIA) as a screening method for early detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early cervical cancer.Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Gynecology & Obstetrics Department Unit-1, Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi, from April 2017 to September 2018. Participants were included in the study through non-probability convenience sampling technique. Married, non-pregnant and sexuallyactive women aged between 21-50 years were included in the study. Demographic information and relevant history was taken followed by the procedure for VIA. Acetowhite changes were noted after application of 5% acetic acid on the cervix. The result of the test was documented as positive or negative. Colposcopy was done in all VIA positive cases and suspicious cases with abnormal looking cervix. Biopsy of the cervix was taken for histopathology to assess the results of VIA. SPSS version-20 was used for statistical analysis.Results: There were 323 subjects with a mean age of 35.5 ± 7.6.Out of 323 participants only 6 were found VIA positive (1.86). On histopathology, only two cases were found positive (0.62%), one early invasive cervical cancer and one CIN1. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of visual inspection of cervix after acetic acid application was 100%, 57%, 40%, 100%respectively and the diagnostic accuracy was 66.7%. \u0000Conclusion: Visual inspection of cervix with 3-5% acetic acid is highly sensitive, screening method for cervical cancer. It is quite simple, affordable and better screening modality for detecting cervical cancer at an early stage.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87808267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern and Burden of Road Traffic Accidents in Tertiary Care Public Hospital, District Central, Karachi from 2016 to 2018","authors":"Rehan Ahmed Mughal, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal Hydrie, S. Islam, Syed Imtiaz Ali Jafry, M. A. Shaikh, Syed Muhammad Zulfiqar Hyder Naqvi","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.429","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the burden of trauma during the last three years (2016-18) caused by road traffic accidents presenting to the trauma centre of tertiary care public hospital in district central, Karachi.Methods: All the accident cases presenting in the trauma center of the hospital in last three years who were defined as accidents occurring on a public road and involving at least one moving vehicle were included in the study. Those with incomplete medical records were excluded. This was a crosssectional study where records of a total of 2857 individuals were retrospectively collected and their socio-demographic information, history of road traffic crashes, clinical history and examination was noted. Data was analyzed through SPSS while descriptive statistical analysis of continuous and categorical variables was performed.Results: The mean age of patients admitted to the trauma centre was 29.3 ± 16.7 years with no significant difference between both gender. Out of 2857 patients with road traffic accident injuries, around 80.9% were males. The most prevalent age group was 16-30 years of age, which was over 40.2%, followedby subjects of 31 - 45 years age group which was 21%. The study results further showed that over 51.3% of the road traffic accident patients were discharged normally, followed by 46.7% subjects who left against medical advice. Overall death rate was 2% (n=57).Conclusion: This study helps to identify the latest accident burden and pattern of injuries to develop plans aimed at prevention of road traffic accidents. Looking at the burden, the most affected was the younger subjects (16-30 years) highlighting the need for targeting this population for educational programsand policies about safe driving. Among the road traffic accidents cases the subjects who left against medical advice cases was gradually decreasing from 2016 to 2018 suggesting better healthcare facilities at the tertiary care hospital and corresponding increasing patient's confidence in them.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86051622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determine the Attitude of Dental Students for Learning Communication Skills at Undergraduate Level","authors":"S. Abbasi, H. Ashraf, T. Ayub, K. Abid, Shabnam Iqbal Memon, Anwar Saeed, Zafar Abbasi","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.434","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To assess the attitude of dental students for learning communication skills at undergraduate level.Methods: A research based on cross-sectional comparative study design was conducted on final year BDS students at two reknowned dental colleges of Karachi naming Fatima Jinnah Dental College and Liaquat College of Medicine and Dentistry. Approval was taken from the principals of both dental colleges as well as from Ethical Review Board (ERB). The duration of the study took place from March-May 20. Inclusion were the final year dental students from both colleges.A validated questionnaire 'Communication Skills Attitudes Scale (CSAS)' was used for data collection. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse data. Mean and SD was computed for numeric variables and frequency and percentage was computed for categorical variables. Independent t-test was used to assess the significant difference with respect to gender.Results: 144 students participated in the study. Out of which 42 (28.97%) were males and 103 females (71.03%). The mean age of the students was 21.91 ± 1.03 years. The mean and standard deviation of the positive attitude score was 3.84 and 0.59 whereas of negative attitude score was 2.55 and 0.43. Both male and females had a high score of positive attitudes as compared to negative attitude similarly females had a high score of positive attitudes as compared to negative attitudes. There were no statistically significant differences observed in positive and negative attitudes of males and females (p>0.05).Conclusion: Both male and female students showed a positive attitude towards learning effective communication skills. Therefore, it has become a dire need for the students to acquire communication skills for improving doctor-patient relations and improving dental healthcare. Policy makers should consider including communication skills in the curriculum as part of formal education. ","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88746099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Flipped Classroom - Changing the Traditions in Medical Education","authors":"Tayyaba Ahmed","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.432","url":null,"abstract":"Medical education around the world is rapidly evolving which warrants a need for new and improved teaching methods. Many new models are being tested around the world to check for their efficacy in comparison to traditional classroom teaching. One of the most researched teaching models in the recent past is the 'flipped classroom model'. It has been labelled as the new paradigm for medical education.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72422569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Sensorineural Hearing Loss by Pure Tone Audiometry in Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media","authors":"Vijay Kumar Khatri, Atif Hafeez Siddiqui, Danish Ur Rahim, I. Shaikh, Saad Shakil, Muhammad Moiz Ullah Khan","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.428","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To determine the frequency of sensorineural hearing loss in patients presenting with Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.Methods: A total of 121 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria and visited the ENT Department of Civil Hospital, Karachi were included in the study. Informed consent was taken after explaining the procedure, risks, and benefits of the study. Bone conduction thresholds were measured at frequencies (500, 1000, 2000, 4000 H2) utilizing diagnostic audiometer model TA 155. Air conduction and bone conduction thresholds >30 decibel and no air-bone gap were considered as SNHL. The opposite ear was masked while obtaining bone conduction results. All the collected data were entered into the proforma.Results: Mean ± SD of age was 35.48 ± 7.24 years. The mean ± SD of bone conduction was 29.42 ± 4.28 db. Out of 121 patients, 85 (70.24%) were male and 36 (29.76%) were female. Sensorineural hearing loss was noted in 20 (16.52%) patients. SNHL is found to be associated with age, gender, duration of symptoms, and level of bone conduction with p <0.05.Conclusion: It is concluded that CSOM is associated with SNHL. Aging can act as a precipitating factor in this pathological process. It is therefore recommended that all ENT surgeons should implement early medical and surgical management of any form of CSOM to prevent SNHL which is irreversible in most patients.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75792861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E- Learning and its Related Problems During Covid - 19 Pandemic","authors":"Muhammad Abdullah Kamran","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.427","url":null,"abstract":"Since December 2019 till now, the Covid-19 pandemic has changed the face of entire world1. It not only affected economic, political and social aspect of human lives but also had great impact on education. Majority countries had faced complete and partial lockdown in the year 2020 and still world is passing through this phase. Pakistan and Kingdom of Saudi Arabia are also among those affected countries that faced complete and partial lockdown situation throughout the year 2020. It has been reported by WHO Region, as of 7 March 2021, new cases of Covid-19 within last 7 days were 167, 385 (6%) and new deaths within last 7 days were 2, 201 (4%) had been experienced by South Asian countries.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83973469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Oral Health Knowledge, Attitude & Practice among Dental versus Medical Students","authors":"Mariam Azfar, I. Khan, Amir Akbar Sheikh, N. Iqbal, S. Raza, Yashfika Abdul Bari, K. Abid","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.430","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of study was to compare oral health knowledge, attitude and practice scores between medical and dental students of Karachi, Pakistan.Methods: It was cross-sectional study conducted at private medical and dental college of Karachi, Pakistan from Jul 2018-Jul 2019. Hundred medical and 100 dental students of age 22-26 years of either gender, enrolled in 2nd year of their medical and dental school were recruited for the study by using non-probability convenience sampling technique. The adapted questionnaire was used which consist of 16 items to assess knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oral health. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse data.Results: The mean age of participants was reported as 22.77 years. Among all medical students, the high mean knowledge score was observed for brushing timings (0.90), for attitude, the high mean score for use of floss/interdental brush was reported (4.41). Among all the dental students, the high mean score was observed for knowledge of brushing timings, frequency of replacing toothbrush and amount of toothpaste on your brush (0.93). According to attitude, high mean score for use of mouthwash was reported (4.45) followed by method of tooth brushing (4.35). According to practice the high mean score was reported for treatment of gum problems as 4.51.The knowledge, attitude and practice score of dental students were significantly high as compared to medical students (p<0.05). Among males, knowledge and attitude of dental students were significantly high as compared to medical students (p<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found between practice score. Among females, knowledge, attitude and practice score of dental students were significantly high as compared to medical students (p<0.05).Conclusion: The study ascertained that knowledge, attitude and practice regarding oral health was better in dental students as compared to medical students","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76983638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude & Practices of Surgeons in the time of COVID-19","authors":"A. Jalil, Rahila Kanwal, Z. Idrees, Kashif Mehmood Khan, M. Naseem, Muhammad Safi Kamal","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.431","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the knowledge, attitude and practices of surgical interns, residents and surgeons in the time of COVID-19.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on surgical interns, trainees, registrar and consultants working in public and private sector tertiary care hospitals of Karachi. The non-Convenience sampling technique is used. A total of 184 patients were included. The study was performed on assessing patients' demographics, basic knowledge and awareness of COVID 19 and individuals' practices toward COVID 19 in their professional routines. Data were stored and analyzed using IBMSPSS version 23.0. Pearson Chi Square test was used to test the association outcomes, awareness and attitude items on COVID-19 between private and public sector hospitals. P-values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significantResults: The study comprised a total of 184 participants. Mostly from public 115(63%) rest 69(37%) belonged private sector hospitals. Most respondents 122(66.3%) were aware of COVID 19 incubation, symptoms and the detection of patients at risk and modalities of transmission in operating rooms.Results showed among public vs Private sector hospitals (81.7% / 68.1%) were treating corona virus, there were (35.7% / 46.3%) screening and admitted the cases, (56.5% / 62.4) tentative numbers of COVID-19 cases reported range from 0-25, (40.9%/ 11.6%) surgeons were assigned additional duties for COVID -19 by hospital management found statistically significant with \"p<0.01\".Conclusion: It is concluded after this study that the surgeons in Pakistan are well aware of the situation, have adequate knowledge of the risk factors and symptoms of COVID-19. But statistically, probably because of limited resources and workload, there is a substantial gap in practices between public and private sector surgeons. There is also a dire need to develop local guidelines related to preventive measures in our health care systems according to our demands and supply.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80425569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The psychological impact of COVID-19 among the undergraduate dentistry students of Sindh and Baluchistan and how they manage it.","authors":"M. M. Majeed, M. Anwar, M. R. Bhatia, N. Khan,  Mehsal Muhammad Naeem Butt, U. Tabassum, M. Durrani","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.346","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the anxiety among the undergraduate dentistry students during the COVID-19 pandemic. It also aimed to find out their stress management strategies. \u0000Methods: A total of 809 undergraduate dentistry students of Sindh and Balochistan contributed to this web-based cross-sectional study. A validated e-questionnaire created using Google form were distributed among the dental college student through social media. Spss 22 was used for statistical analysis. \u0000Results: Significantly higher number of females and private college students were the participants. Majority of the students are dissatisfied with the online education and no significant difference is present among private and public sector dental college (p >0.05). Moderate to severe level of anxiety among both gender is prevalent. Praying and recitation of the holy book is the most common couping strategy followed by sleeping, talking to friends and family. \u0000Conclusion:- Psychological sessions should be arranged to improve the mental health of future dental surgeons. Government need to re-evaluate its policies towards the health care system and administration and teaching faculties should focus to upgrade their skill concerning e-learning","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81948757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To evaluate the dimensions of each lobe and total volume of thyroid gland by ultrasonography among pregnant and non pregnant women in local population, Karachi.","authors":"Hira Ahmed, S. Ahmed, A. Rahim, Khalida Perveen, Talat Saeed, J. Ainuddin","doi":"10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.58397/ashkmdc.v26i1.208","url":null,"abstract":"To evaluate the dimensions of each lobe and total volume of thyroid gland \u0000by ultrasonography among pregnant and non pregnant women in \u0000local population, Karachi. \u0000  \u0000  \u0000Abstract: \u0000Background: Pregnancy has an anatomical and physiological influence on the thyroid gland and it’s function. It is good to know the normal changes that occur during pregnancy. The size and volume of this gland is increased through the pregnancy and becomes visible due to iodine deficiency (ID) that can lead to goiter or may develop hypothyroidism. Objective of the study were to evaluate dimensions of both lobes and calculation of thyroid volume by using ultrasonography (USG) and to compare these parameters between pregnant and non pregnant in Karachi, Pakistan. \u0000Methodology: It was a clinical cross sectional study that was conducted at Gynae OPD and Radiology Department, Ojha campus, Dow university of health sciences (DUHS), Karachi from October 2016 to December 2018 through consecutive sampling. The study volunteers of reproductive age (14-45 years) were included and divided into two groups (pregnant and non-pregnant women). The dimensions of each lobe and calculation of thyroid volume were taken into the account through their standard protocol after following inclusion and exclusion criteria. \u0000Results: The comparisons were made on thyroid gland dimensions, ultrasound outcomes of right and left lobe length, width, depth and volume of thyroid gland. In pregnant women, right lobe length was 2.91±1.05, width was 1.54±0.41 and depth was 2.31±1.41 whereas in non pregnant women mean right lobe length was 2.50±0.97, width was 1.34±0.51 and depth was 1.68±0.98. The mean difference was considered statistically significant in pregnant women with p-value (< 0.01). In pregnant women thyroid volume was 7.02±3.21 whereas in non pregnant, it was   5.58±2.41 which was significantly increased in pregnant women with p-value (< 0.01). \u0000Conclusion: Therefore our study concludes that, in our population at least half of the apparently healthy pregnant females do have some degree of iodine deficiency. The volume of the gland is increased during pregnancy, suggesting iodine deficiency. \u0000  \u0000Key Words: Pregnant women, non pregnant women, dimensions of thyroid gland and \u0000                      volume of thyroid gland.","PeriodicalId":53838,"journal":{"name":"Annals Abbasi Shaheed Hospital & Karachi Medical & Dental College","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79575631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}