Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine最新文献

{"title":"CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF TAILINGS ENRICHMENT OF MAGNETITE QUARTZITES OF THE KRYVYI RIH BASIN","authors":"V. Hubina, V. Pokalyuk, V. Verkhovtsev, V. Yatsenko, V. Zaborovskiy","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.059","url":null,"abstract":"The major and minor element compositions of the tailings at the Kryvyi Rih processing plants (i.e., Inguletsky, ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih, and Central) were studied. A good relationship between the composition of the tailings and the mined ore, which was to be enriched, was confirmed. The main trends in the techno geochemical changes in the process of enrichment were determined. Differences were measured of the tailings composition between various processing plants of the Kryvyi Rih basin. That is, the tailings from the Ingulets plant are more ferruginous with an iron content of 23.7 wt % and are almost twice as high compared to those of the Central and ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih plants. Tailings from ArcelorMittal Kryvyi Rih are more carbonaceous and aluminous and have low iron and silicon contents. Tailings of the Central plant are more siliceous and have minimum of alumina and carbonates and have the average iron content. In terms of the major elements, the tailings are generally enriched in silicon, aluminum, manganese, magnesium, calcium, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, sulfur, and depleted in iron and titanium, compared to the original ore. In terms of minor elements, the tailings are generally enriched in the some lithophile (including rare earth) elements Sr, Y, Sc, Li, and partially Zr, and depleted in elements that are concentrated in magnetite, Ni, Th, U, and Ge, compared to the original ore. The chalcophile elements Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag are characterized by an inhomogeneous and variable distribution. The most significant among them is Zn, which can have significant concentrations (up to 230 g/t in the tailings). These results can be used to determine the directions of tailing using and to assess the impact of tailings on the environment.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BACTERIAL LEACHING OF BALANCED ORES OF ALBITITE DEPOSITS OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD","authors":"V. Verkhovtsev, O.G. Musich, Yu.O. Fomin, Y. Demikhov","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.072","url":null,"abstract":"Prospects for increasing the raw materials resources of uranium ore deposits of the albite formation of the Ingul megablock of the Ukrainian Shield and the possibility of reducing the impact of harmful waste due to the method of bacterial leaching of metals were considered. Mineral-forming systems of uranium-bearing albitites of the Ukrainian Shield have always been considered as monoelement, exclusively uranium objects. However, their out-of-balance ores and tailings contain elevated, up to industrial, concentrations of other metals, which, under conditions of hypergenic processes, pose a potential threat of environmental pollution. In order to determine the possibility of expanding raw materials resources of albite deposits of the Ukrainian Shield due to the use of the method of bacterial leaching of metals, the composition of industrial ores and host rocks was considered. In particular, our data from their mineralogical and geochemical research showed that uranium and five of its companion elements: thorium, vanadium, beryllium, zirconium and lead reach industrial content. At the same time, cobalt, nickel and zinc are characterized by an increased content close to the minimum industrial values. The most promising for bacterial leaching are rocks that contain sulfides. The rocks of the uranium ore albitite formation contain sulfur-containing compounds and, in particular, pyrite, as well as bi- and trivalent iron. We found the highest content of sulfides in albitized rocks (up to 0.82%), ore-free albitites (up to 0.81%), low-ore albitites (up to 0.61%), that is, in rocks accumulated in industrial waste. It is assumed that the use of bacterial leaching methods with the participation of chemolithotrophic microorganisms can be promising for the processing of off-balance ores and will contribute to the expansion of the raw material base of albite deposits of the Ukrainian Shield, due not only to uranium, but also to nickel, cobalt and zinc.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIRCON ANATOMY FROM THE ROCKS ASSOCIATION OF THE OSTRIVSKY QUARRY (ROS-TIKYCH MEGABLOCK OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD)","authors":"L. Stepanyuk, T.B. Yaskevich, I. Kotvitska","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.041","url":null,"abstract":"Granitoids play a key role in the geological structure of the Ros-Tikych megablock. Supercrustal rocks of the Ros-Tikych series have been preserved in the granitoids only in the form of isolated fragments such as elongated remains, small skialites and even smaller \"melted\" xenoliths. In particular, in the Ostrivsky quarry, located on the right bank of the Ros River east of Bila Tserkva, granitoids are found (even-grained, porphyry-like granites) among which, as a rule, small bodies of granodiorites, plagiogranites and amphibolites occur. In order to determine the source of the parent magmas of rocks the properties of zircon crystals and the isotopic composition (87Sr/86Sr ratio) of apatite were studied. An analysis of the zircon crystals of the crystalline rocks exposed at the Ostrivsky quarry allows us to propose that the and plagio- and difeldspar granites were formed from one protolith. This is because they contain similar virtually identical zircon relics as nucleus. In addition, none of the granitoids contain zircon crystals whose internal structure is similar to zircon crystals found in amphibolite. This suggests that the granitoids were not derived by melting of amphibolites. Most likely, amphibolites are relicts of the protolith that were not assimilated during granite formation. The occurrence of heterogeneous zircon crystals (relic zircon cores of the protolith) in the protolith of the various studied granitoids indicates that they formed from volcanic-sedimentary rocks. Apatites in plagiogranitoids and porphyry granite contain strontium of similar isotopic composition. Their 87Sr/86Sr isotopic ratio is 0.70680 in apatite granodiorite and 0.70822 in granite. A high ratio of 87Sr/86Sr = 0.77940 was measured for apatite from monazite-bearing granite, thus indicating a different source for its parent magma.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Composition of Chemical Elements and Ion Exchange Complex of Acid- and Alkali-Modified Natural Zeolites From the Sokyrnytsky Deposit","authors":"B. Shabalin, K. Yaroshenko, N. Mitsiuk","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.02.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.02.116","url":null,"abstract":"Natural zeolites are abundant and inexpensive resources. They are crystalline hydrated aluminosilicates with a framework structure that has pores and channels occupied by water, alkali, and alkaline earth cations. Having high cation exchange capacity, acting as a molecular sieve, natural zeolites have been widely utilized in recent decades as adsorbents in separation and purification processes. Modification of natural zeolite increases its adsorption capacity of environmental pollutants, in particular, radionuclides from low-level liquid radioactive waste. The article presents results obtained from a study of the chemical composition of the structural elements and ion exchange complexes of natural, acid-modified and alkali-modified zeolites from the Sokyrnytske deposit. The main rock-forming mineral of the Sokyrnytske zeolite is clinoptilolite. The zeolite was modified by a 5.5 M HCl solution for 2 hours at 100 oC using a backflow condenser. The ratio of solid to liquid phases was 1:2. For alkaline modification, 1.4 M NaOH solution was used. The exposure time was 2.75 hours. The conditions and phase ratio were similar to those in acidity modification. By composition of the ion exchange complex, natural zeolite belongs to potassium-calcium-sodium (K > Ca > Na) clinoptilolites. In the process of acidity and alkaline modification of the natural zeolite, redistribution of the exchangeable cations is observed and the content of structural cations in the clinoptilolite lattice changes. In alkali-modified zeolite, the content of exchangeable Na and Ca cations increases, and the content of K and structural Al cations decreases. In the acid-modified zeolite, the number of exchangeable Na, Mg, Ca, K cations decreases. At the same time, the content of Fe and Al decreases and the relative amount of Si in the lattice increases. The Si/Al ratio increases in the following succession: natural zeolite → alkali-modified zeolite → acid-modified zeolite. The specific surface area of the modified zeolites increases compared to the natural ones. The largest increase is observed for the acid-modified zeolite. The textural characteristics and mineral composition of the studied samples indicate that the natural, acid-modified and alkali-modified zeolites from the Sokyrnytske deposit may be used for removal of radionuclides from low-level liquid radioactive waste.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRYSTAL CHEMICAL FEATURES OF GREEN AND LIGHT-BLUE AMAZONITE AND GEOCHEMICAL ASPECTS OF THEIR FORMATION PROCESSES","authors":"T. Lupashko, A. Tarashchan, K. Ilchenko, E. Grechanovskaya","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.021","url":null,"abstract":"A study was carried out in order to identify the aspects of geochemical processes occurring during the formation of green and light-blue amazonite crystals. Green, light-blue and greenish-blue amazonites from rare-metals deposits of Ukraine (Perzhanske, Ukrainian Shield), rf (Gora Parusna, Ploskogirske, Kola Peninsula; Orlovske, Western Transbaikalia), and USA (Rutherford, Virginia) were investigated using X-ray luminescence (XRL), infrared (IR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. The rock-forming microcline from the Perzhanske, Orlovske and Katuginske (rf) deposits was also studied. It was found that the multi-colored crystals of amazonite have similar degrees of Si/Al ordering. They are represented by the maximum microcline with 2t1 = 0.959-1.0. The various samples only differ significantly in their lead contents that range between 2000 and 10000 ppm in green amazonite and 200 ppm in light-blue colored crystals. Differences between untreated crystals and those annealed in air (1173 K) or under a stream of He (923 K) samples were observed in terms of the composition, ratio of optically active centers and oxygen-hydrogen defects. Their composition and concentration in the untreated natural crystals reflect the genesis conditions of parent rocks, and, first of all, the redox and fO2 conditions of water-containing fluids, which affect the isomorphism of plumbum in the structures of the green and light-blue crystals, mechanisms of crystal chemical compensation of Pb2+ ions and correlates with different degree of ferum oxidation (Fe3+ → Fe2+). Changes in redox and fO2 parameters of the mineral-forming fluid are the most important factors affecting the activity and acid-base properties in the residual water fluids, the process of reduction following 2H2O + 2e– → H2 + 2OH– or oxidation via 2H2O – 4e– → O2 + 4H+. A complex combination of these factors allows the formation of certain nanosized defects in the structures of the amazonite crystals. These include impurity ([Pb2+ – Pb+]3+) and impurity-vacancy (Pb2+ – VK) clusters that serve as chromophore centers for green and light-blue color, respectively.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE AGE OF ZIRCON FROM METASEDIMENTARY ROCKS OF THE TERNUVATE STRATA (WEST AZOV BLOCK OF THE UKRAINIAN SHIELD)","authors":"G. Artemenko, L. Shumlyanskyy, L.S. Dovbysh","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.051","url":null,"abstract":"In the West Azov the Ternuvate strata comprises metamorphic rocks that builds up the Haichur arcuate structure, which is about 72 km long. Its western part lies within the Andriivka fault zone, which separates the Vovcha and Huliaipole blocks, while the eastern part is located within the Ternuvate fault zone, which is traced on the Remivka block. The rocks composing the Haichur structure have irregular and laterally variable composition and changeable thickness, and show dynamometamorphic structures of boudinage and schistosity. The upper part of the Ternuvate strata is composed mainly of metasedimentary rocks — gneisses and biotite schists, garnet-biotite, magnetite-amphibole and feldspar quartzites. The lower part comprises volcanogenic rocks — amphibolites, metaultrabasites and biotite-amphibole gneisses. Using the LA-ICP-MS method, 38 zircon crystals from muscovite-biotite gneisses of the upper part of the Ternuvate strata were analyzed. According to geochemical data, they are metamorphosed greywacke. Zircon belongs to several age populations (3.65—3.45 and 3.3—2.95 Ga), corresponding to the major stages of the formation of the Archean crust in the West Azov domain, i.e., formation of the oldest basement and granite-greenstone complexes of the Paleoarchean and Mesoarchean ages. Identical populations of the detrital zircon were established in the early Precambrian metaterrigenous rocks of the Krutobalka Formation of the Sorokyne greenstone structure. The similarity of the Paleoarchean crust (3.45—3.65 Ga) of the West Azov block (Ukrainian Shield) and the Kursk-Besedine granulite-gneiss area of the Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) block is obvious, whereas the Paleoarchean and Mesoarchean complexes (3.3—2.95 Ga) correspond to the rocks of Mykhailiv and Orel-Tim granite-greenstone area of the KMA block. The Archean complexes of the Sarmatia are of the same age as similar formations of the Kaapvaal craton in South Africa, Bastar craton in India, North China Craton, Slave craton in Canada and others, which were formed since the Eoarchaean.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MINERALOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL PECULIARITIES OF Fe-Ti-P MAFIC ROCKS OF THE STREMYHOROD INTRUSION (KOROSTEN PLUTON)","authors":"S. Kryvdik, O. Dubyna, O. Vyshnevskyi, L. Shumlyanskyy","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.031","url":null,"abstract":"Small-scale layered intrusions of mafic composition enriched in ilmenite, magnetite and apatite are known in association with the rocks of the anorthositic series of the Korosten pluton. Two Fe-Ti-P deposits have been explored in the most well studied Fedorivka and Stremyhorod intrusions. The geological setting, mineral and chemical composition of mafic intrusions is similar. They are considered to be typical layered intrusions, with gradual accumulation of ore minerals in the upper part of the layered series. This review examines some mineralogical and geochemical features of ores of the Stremyhorod intrusion. Ores are represented by olivine (melano-) gabbro with peridotitic layers. Olivine (Fa46—55), augite, plagioclase (An45—56) and biotite are the main rock-forming minerals. Among the ore minerals, the most common are homogeneous ilmenite (Hem4—6), while magnetite (Uspl2—39) with lamellae's of ilmenite, and apatite occur in a subordinate amount. Apatite is enriched in LREE ((La/Yb)n = 11.9-14.8), has moderate negative Eu-anomalies (0.37-0.45) and increased concentrations of Y and Sr. According to the order of appearance of rock-forming and ore minerals, crystallization proceeded under reducing conditions with early melt saturation in ТіО2, which led to the crystallization of ilmenite, probably even before the appearance of clinopyroxene. The estimation of the melt temperature by plagioclase composition (1060-1100 ºC) and Fo-minal content in olivine (1090-1100 ºC) yielded similar results. The equilibrium conditions were reached at fO2 –8.8 to –9.3, so crystallization of ores of the Stremyhorod intrusion took place at reducing conditions (ΔFMQ = –0.74 - –0.54). Considering the small size of such intrusions, in comparison to the gabbro-anorthosite massifs in the Korosten pluton, as well as ore mineral enrichment and late emplacement relative to the host gabbro-anorthosites, we suppose that these intrusions were formed after separation of residual melts from partly crystallized rocks of the anorthositic series. The composition of such melts (ferrodioritic/jotunitic, basaltic) is still obscure. The Mg# in the equilibrium liquid calculated for ore rocks of the Stremyhorod intrusion is 22-26%, which is slightly higher than that of the Fedorivka intrusion (Mg# 14-22%), and overlaps with jotunites of the Korosten pluton. The process of separation (filter-pressing) of Fe-Ti-P enriched melts and its subsequent migration to the upper level were accompanied by the partial capture of anorthositic material, which affects the geochemical characteristics of the ore gabbroids.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67127281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INCREASING OF THE MINERAL AND RAW-MATERIAL BASE OF UKRAINE WITH NEW OBJECTS OF TITANIUM ORES","authors":"A. Vasylenko, V. Sukach","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.097","url":null,"abstract":"Ukraine has the largest reserves of titanium in Europe. Over the past decades, in the country has also established and estimated significant amounts of promising resources of titanium ores. Now the resource potential is several times the reserves of industrial ores. The mineral base of titanium ores is represented by magmatic in bedrocks, residual and alluvial deposits. New objects with estimated resources are located within the western part of the Ukrainian Shield. These are the of titanium ores with apatite in mafic rocks and their crust of weathering. In the northeast of the Ukrainian Shield there are titanium deposits with zirconium. In the central part also found magmatic, residual and alluvial deposits. And, finally, prospective resources of complex vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores of the central part of the Pokrovo-Kyriiv structure in the junction zone of Donbas and the Azov megablock were evaluated. In order to provide potential investors with information on the existence of investment objects with certain resources and geological and economic evaluation, the State Service of geology and subsoil of Ukraine launched an investment atlas of the subsoil user. In order to supplement the investment atlas with objective data on the resource potential of solid minerals of the country, it is necessary to create an information base of promising and forecasted resources of metallic and non-metallic minerals and, first of all, those related to strategic mineral raw materials. In connection with the rapidly growing demand for titanium-zirconium products in the world, there was a need to involve in the development of new objects of titanium ores with favorable economic indicators. The accumulated material on the state of the resource potential of titanium and titanium-zirconium ores provides an opportunity to supplement new content of investment information for subsurface user.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67126990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF DIAMONDS IN NON-KIMBERLITIC ROCKS OF THE WORLD AND NEOGENE SANDS OF UKRAINE","authors":"V. Kvasnytsya","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.01.095","url":null,"abstract":"The diamond mineralogy from a number of different non-kimberlitic occurrences of the world was analyzed and a comparison to diamonds from Neogene placers of Ukraine was made. Diamonds from lamprophyres of the Canadian Shield, metakomatiites of the Guiana and West African Shields, and ultra-metamorphic rocks in Asian, European and African continental occurrences were considered. In general, Ukrainian Neogene placer diamonds have many similar mineralogical features to diamonds from lamprophyres and metakomatiites, which differ little from diamonds from kimberlites and lamproites. Ukrainian placer diamonds are characterized by their micron sizes (≤0.5 mm), many of them are colored and have a cubic habit and nitrogen-free compositions, relatively frequent spectral Ib and Iаb types, and orange photoluminescence behavior. In addition, many diamonds are characterized by a relatively high content of hydrocarbons (i.e., CH2, CH3 groups and bonds >C=CH2), OH groups, also C=O, N-H, CO3, NO3-groups. This is evidence for a volatile-rich environment during the diamond crystallization. The formation of diamonds from lamprophyres and metakomatiites, as well as from kimberlites and lamproites, occurred under mantle temperatures and pressures. The relatively recently discovered diamond-bearing lamprophyres and metakomatiites have a number of similarities. They are: i) both formed on the edges of Archean cratonic structures, ii) their old ages (2.7 billion years ago and 1.83 billion years ago for the lamprophyres and 2.2 billion years ago for the metakomatiites), iii) both are strongly metamorphosed, iv) both contain many fragments of rocks of various origins, v) both contain rare xenograins of mantle minerals having diamond-bearing peridotite and eclogite associations, and vi) the diamonds themselves are often microcrystals and many are colored and have a cubic habit. The main difference between diamonds from the lamprophyres and metakomatiites is in their carbon isotopic signatures and their thermal history in the mantle. This is expressed by their different nitrogen contents and the different degree of its aggregation. Diamond-bearing ultrametamorphic rocks are mainly Paleozoic-Mesozoic in age (i.e., 531-92 million years) and occupy a tectonic setting at convergent plate boundaries unlike diamond-bearing lamprophyres and metakomatiites. Diamonds from ultrametamorphic rocks differ from diamonds from lamprophyres and metakomatiites as well as from Ukrainian placer diamonds from Neogene sands in a number of ways.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67126923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ECOLOGICAL AND GEOCHEMICAL FEATURES OF MANGANESE DISTRIBUTION IN GROUNDWATERS OF UKRAINE","authors":"T. Kоshliakova","doi":"10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15407/mineraljournal.45.03.082","url":null,"abstract":"The results of hydrogeochemical studies on the identification of the features of manganese distribution in drinking groundwater of conditionally clean and technologically polluted territories of Ukraine are presented, as well as the assessment of the influence of inorganic ligands characteristic of the investigated groundwater on the behavior of Mn2+ depending on the initial conditions of the water environment. The Kyiv city, as well as Zhytomyr, Vinnytsia, and Rivne regions were selected as conditionally clean territories; Kyiv and Dnipropetrovsk regions — as technologically polluted territories. According to domestic and foreign literary data, the range of medical, biological, and toxicological properties of manganese is outlined, and the key features of the element prevalence in natural aqueous solutions and underground waters are clarified. Manganese and ferrum concentrations in the samples of the studied groundwater were determined using the high-precision method of mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma (ICP-MS). As a result of the statistical processing of the studied samples, it was established that the median manganese content for most of the examined territories does not exceed the maximum permissible concentration. The exception is the underground water of the Pidhirtsi village (Kyiv region), where the concentration of the element exceeds the standard by almost 4 times. A comparative analysis to determine the relationship between the manganese and ferrum concentrations and the depth of water intake structures did not show any regularities characteristic of natural waters undisturbed by technogenic activity. It was revealed that the largest deviations from the background values for manganese are typical for the Dnipropetrovsk region, and for ferrum — for the Kyiv city. Statistically significant relationships between the concentrations of manganese and ferrum in the examined samples were not found, which indicates the different geochemical nature of the elements concentration processes in the studied groundwater. Using the specialized software tools Hydra and Medusa, the finding forms of manganese depending on the pH of the water environment in studied samples were calculated. The obtained ratios of the element soluble forms for conditionally clean and technologically polluted territories of Ukraine made it possible to establish that in the water of conditionally clean territories, manganese migrates mainly in the form of free Mn2+ ion, and to a much lesser extent (11%) in the form of MnSO4. On the other hand, within the technologically polluted territories, the key role belongs to the inorganic ligand SO42–, the ratio of soluble compounds MnSO4 and Mn2+ is, respectively, 56% to 44%. The obtained results can serve as a basis for the selection of criteria when performing biogeochemical zoning of the territory of Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":53834,"journal":{"name":"Mineralogical Journal-Ukraine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67126947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}